Conductivity of Ocean Water
|
|
- Dorcas Garrison
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Title: Conductivity of Ocean Water (Water Chemistry) Grade Levels: 6-8 Introduction: We all know that ocean water tastes salty because it contains many dissolved salts of different elements. These salts are similar to the salt that we use to season our food. In the water, these salts are separated into ions of chloride, sodium, sulfur, magnesium, and calcium. These ions are small particles of these elements that can carry electricity. For this reason, it is dangerous to handle electrical appliances in the water, because the water solutions can conduct electricity. In this activity, students will investigate a property of water called conductivity. Conductivity is the ability of salt-water solutions to conduct electricity. To study the conductivity of salt water, the students will use the TI calculator and the CBL (Calculator Based Laboratory) in conjunction with a conductivity probe. Learner Objectives: The student will be able to describe some of the components of seawater. The student will be able to describe how the components of seawater change the properties of the water. The student will be able to explain how salt dissolved in water can cause water to conduct electricity. Florida Sunshine State Standards: Science: SC.A.1.3.1,GLE 1, SC.H.1.3.2, GLE 1; SC.H.1.3.5, GLE(s) 1, 2, 3; Math: MA.D MA.D Competency-Based Curriculum: Science: M/J1-I.1.A, I.2.A, I.3.A, I.8.A, I.1.B, I.2.B, IV.1.A, M/J2-I.3.A, M/J2-I.8.B, I.1.B, I.2.B, M/J3-I.3.A, I.8.A, I.1.B, I.2.B, III.2.A Materials: CBL System 100-mL beaker TI Graphing Calculator distilled water Vernier Conductivity Probe stirring rod Vernier adapter cable utility clamp TI-Graph Link ring stand sodium chloride solution (1.0 M (5.85 g of NaCl per 100 ml)) III-B-1
2 Figure 1 Activity Procedures: 1. Obtain and wear goggles. 2. Get 40 ml of distilled water in a clean 100-mL beaker. 3. Assemble the conductivity probe, utility clamp, and ring stand as shown in Figure 1. Be sure the probe is clean and dry before beginning the experiment. 4. Prepare the conductivity probe for data collection. Plug the conductivity probe into the adapter cable in Channel 1 of the CBL. Set the selection switch on the amplifier box of the probe to the µs range. Use the link cable to connect the CBL System to the TI Graphing Calculator. Firmly press in the cable ends. 5. Turn on the CBL unit and the calculator. Start the CHEMBIO program and proceed to the MAIN MENU. 6. Set up the calculator and CBL for a conductivity probe and a calibration of 0 to 2000 µs. Select SET UP PROBES from the MAIN MENU. Enter Ò1Ó as the number of probes. Select CONDUCTIVITY from the SELECT PROBE menu. Enter Ò1Ó as the channel number. Select USE STORED from the CALIBRATION menu. Select H MICS from the CONDUCTIVITY menu. 7. Set up the calculator and CBL for data collection. Select COLLECT DATA from the MAIN MENU. Select TRIGGER/PROMPT from the DATA COLLECTION menu.follow the directions on the calculator screen to allow the system to warm up, then press Enter. III-B-2
3 Activity Procedures (Cont d): 8. Before adding any salt solution: Carefully raise the beaker and its contents up around the conductivity probe until the hole near the probe end is completely submerged in the solution being tested. Important: Since the two electrodes are positioned on either side of the hole, this part of the probe must be completely submerged as shown in Figure 1. Monitor the conductivity of the distilled water displayed on the CBL screen for 4-5 seconds (the unit of conductivity is the microsiemens, µs). Press Trigger on the CBL, and then enter 0 (the volume, in drops). The conductivity and volume values have now been saved for the first trial. This gives the conductivity of the water before any salt solution is added. Lower the beaker away from the probes. Record the conductivity value in your data table (round to the nearest 1 µs). 9. You are now ready to begin adding salt solution. Select MORE DATA. Add 1 drop of salt solution to the distilled water. Stir to ensure thorough mixing. Carefully raise the beaker and its contents up around the conductivity probe until the hole near the probe end is completely submerged in the solution being tested. Briefly swirl the beaker contents. Monitor the conductivity of the solution for 4-5 seconds. Press Trigger, and then enter 1 (the volume, in drops). The conductivity and volume values have now been saved for the second trial. Lower the beaker away from the probes. Record the conductivity value in your data table. 10. Repeat the Step 9 procedure, entering 2 this time.record the conductivity value in your data table. 11. Continue this procedure, adding 1-drop portions of salt solution, measuring conductivity, and entering the total number of drops added until a total of 10 drops have been added. 12. Select STOP AND GRAPH from the DATA COLLECTION menu when you have finished collecting data. Examine the data points along the displayed graph of conductivity vs. volume. As you move the cursor right or left, the volume (X) and conductivity (Y) values of each data point are displayed below the raph. Confirm the conductivity and volume data pairs you recorded in your data table. 13. If available, use the TI-Graph Link cable and program to transfer the graph of conductivity vs. volume to a Macintosh or IBM-compatible computer. Print a copy of the graph. 14. Dispose of the beaker contents as directed by your teacher. III-B-3
4 Data Table: Drops Conductivity (µs) Processing the Data: 1. If the graph link and computer is not available, plot a graph of the conductivity vs. drops data on graph paper. Label both axes and show correct units on either the printed or the hand-made graph. Label tickmarks with the numerical values they represent. Assessment: The students should prepare a lab report, which should include all major parts of a lab report plus the graph and the answers to the following questions: 1) Describe the appearance of your graph. What does this indicate? Explain 2) Describe the change in conductivity as the concentration of the NaCl solution was increased by the addition of the drops.what kind of relationship does there appear to be between conductivity and concentration? 3) How do you think that the ability to conduct electricity will change if you use other types of salts? 4) What differences do you observe between the prepared salt solution and real seawater? III-B-4
5 Activity Extensions: 1. Obtain seawater and water from other sources and try a similar experiment with these samples instead of the prepared NaCl solution. 2. Compare your results and those of other obtained when samples from more than one source are tested. 3. Interdisciplinary: Design a poster for swimming pool or the beach explaining the dangers of swimming during lightning storms (Art, Physical Education). Home Learning Activity: Allow students to bring in samples of water from their homes, the ocean, and surrounding areas to measure and compare their conductivity in the classroom. Vocabulary: ions, chloride, sodium, magnesium, calcium, salt References: Holmquist, D.D., Randall, J., Volz, D.L., (1995) Chemistry with CBL, Portland, OR; Vernier Software. Glencoe (2000) Science Voyages, Westerville, OH; Glencoe/Mc Graw Hill. III-B-5
6 Conductivity of Ocean Water Reading Passage Seventy percent of Earth s surface is covered by ocean water. However, water from the ocean is different from drinking water. It tastes salty because the ocean contains many dissolved salts. In these waters, these salts are separated into chloride, sodium, sulfur, magnesium, calcium, and potassium. These salts come from rivers and groundwater that slowly dissolve elements such as calcium, magnesium, and sodium from rocks and minerals. Rivers carry these elements to the oceans. Erupting volcanoes add elements, such as sulfur and chlorine, to the atmosphere and oceans. The most abundant elements in seawater are sodium and chlorine. As rivers flow to the ocean, they dissolve sodium along the way. Volcanoes add chlorine gas. These elements also make up most of the salt in seawater. The proportion and amount of dissolved salts in seawater remain nearly constant and have stayed about the same for hundreds of millions of years. The salt in seawater gives the water special properties. One of the properties is that the salt makes water more dense (or heavier). Another physical property of water, which also changes, is the property of conductivity. Conductivity is the ability of salt-water solutions to conduct electricity. The tiny particles of salt in the water allow electricity to move through the water. Conductivity is a very important property and one, which we all must be very aware of. When we hear that it is dangerous to touch electrical equipment when we are wet, the reason is because the water can conduct the electricity from the appliance into our bodies. As a result of this, we can get an electric shock, which in some cases could even be fatal. Because we are surrounded by water and use water extensively every day, it is very important that we learn about all the different properties of water and its solutions and how these can affect our lives. III-B-6
7 Conductivity of Ocean Water FCAT Questions Directions: Read the passage, then answer the questions. Answer multiple choice questions by circling the letter of the answer that you select. Write your answer to the Read,Think, and Explain question on the lines provided. 1. Which are the most abundant elements in seawater? A. Potassium and sulfate B. Calcium and fluoride C. Sodium and chlorine D. Aluminum and sulfur Answer: C 2. What word describes the ability of solutions to conduct electricity? A. Conductivity B. Transportability C. Electrical shock D. Reflectivity Answer: A 3. According to the information given, what happened to the proportion and amount of dissolved salts in ocean water through the years? A. Increased during the years B. Decreased during the yeara C. Remain the same for hundreds of millions of years D Change every 100 years. Answer: C 4. Explain how sodium and chloride get into seawater. III-B-7
Saltwater Conductivity: Trends of the Periodic Table
Saltwater Conductivity: Trends of the Periodic Table by Kirk and Jennifer Pepper Louisiana Curriculum Framework Content Strand: Physical Science, Science as Inquiry Grade Level 9-12 Objectives: The students
More informationDiffusion through Membranes
Diffusion through Membranes Florida Sunshine State Standard Benchmark: SC.F.1.4.1 - Knows that the body processes involve specific biochemical reactions governed by biochemical principles. Overview: Diffusion
More informationDetermining the Conductivity of Standard Solutions
Determining the Conductivity of Standard Solutions by Anna Cole and Shannon Clement Louisiana Curriculum Framework Content Strand: Science as Inquiry, Physical Science Grade Level 11-12 Objectives: 1.
More informationUsing Conductivity to Find an Equivalence Point
Experiment 25 PRE LAB DISCUSSION In this experiment, you will monitor conductivity during the reaction between sulfuric acid, and barium hydroxide in order to determine the equivalence point. From this
More informationHESS S LAW: ADDITIVITY OF HEATS OF REACTION
HESS S LAW: ADDITIVITY OF HEATS OF REACTION From Chemistry with Calculators, Vernier Software & Technology In this experiment, you will use a Styrofoam-cup calorimeter to measure the heat released by three
More informationShampoo Woo, by Cindy Anderson and Matthew Dornier. Chemistry. Materials
Louisiana Curriculum Framework Content Strand Chemistry Grade Level 9-12 Objective: The students will Perform lab investigations to determine the ph of shampoo Determine which shampoo, based on ph, is
More informationAdditivity of Heats of Reaction: Hess s Law
Additivity of Heats of Reaction: Hess s Law Experiment 21 In this experiment, you will use a Styrofoam-cup calorimeter to measure the heat released by three reactions. One of the reactions is the same
More informationAdditivity of Heats of Reaction: Hess s Law
Additivity of Heats of Reaction: Hess s Law Experiment In this experiment, you will use a Styrofoam-cup calorimeter to measure the heat released by three reactions. One of the reactions is the same as
More informationStandardizing a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide. Evaluation copy
Standardizing a Solution of Sodium Hydroxide Computer 6 It is often necessary to test a solution of unknown concentration with a solution of a known, precise concentration. The process of determining the
More informationDetermining the K sp of Calcium Hydroxide
Determining the K sp of Calcium Hydroxide (Titration Method) Computer 23 Calcium hydroxide is an ionic solid that is sparingly soluble in water. A saturated, aqueous, solution of Ca(OH) 2 is represented
More informationAcid Rain. Computer OBJECTIVES
Acid Rain Computer 18 Acid rain is a topic of much concern in today s world. As carbon dioxide gas, CO 2, dissolves in water droplets of unpolluted air, the following reaction occurs: CO 2 + H 2 O H 2
More informationThe Phase Change Lab: Freezing and Melting of Water
The Phase Change Lab: Freezing and Melting of Water Experiment 3 Freezing temperature is the temperature at which a substance turns from a liquid to a solid. Melting temperature is the temperature at which
More informationMicroscale Acid-Base Titration
Microscale Acid-Base Titration Experiment 36 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, you will titrate
More informationDIFFUSION THROUGH MEMBRANES STANDARDS B C.4 INTRODUCTION
DIFFUSION THROUGH MEMBRANES STANDARDS 3.2.12.B.1 3.2.12.C.4 INTRODUCTION Westminster College Many aspects of the life of a cell depend on the fact that atoms and molecules have kinetic energy and are constantly
More informationHeat of Combustion: Magnesium
Heat of Combustion: Magnesium Experiment 21 In Experiment 17, you learned about the additivity of reaction heats as you confirmed Hess s Law. In this experiment, you will use this principle as you determine
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Sample
Acid-Base Titration Computer 7 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution that is needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, your goal is to
More informationConductometric Titration & Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate
Conductometric Titration & Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate Experiment 9 In this experiment, you will monitor conductivity during the reaction between sulfuric acid, H2SO4, and barium hydroxide,
More informationConductimetric Titration and Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate
Conductimetric Titration and Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate Handheld 16 In this experiment, you will monitor conductivity during the reaction between sulfuric acid, H 2 SO 4, and barium hydroxide,
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Evaluation copy
Acid-Base Titration Computer 7 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution that is needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, your goal is to
More informationConductimetric Titration and Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate
Conductimetric Titration and Gravimetric Determination of a Precipitate LabQuest 16 In this experiment, you will monitor conductivity during the reaction between sulfuric acid, H 2 SO 4, and barium hydroxide,
More informationStatic and Kinetic Friction
Experiment 12 If you try to slide a heavy box resting on the floor, you may find it difficult to get the box moving. Static friction is the force that is acting against the box. If you apply a light horizontal
More informationLABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION Diffusion Through a Dialysis Membrane Transport of substances into and out of the cell is necessary in order to sustain life. Substances transported into the cell are used for
More informationH 2 CO 3 (aq) HNO 2 (aq) + HNO 3 (aq)
ACID RAIN LAB ENV 1.PALM From Science with Handhelds, Vernier Software & Technology, 2002. INTRODUCTION In this experiment, you will observe the formation of four acids that occur in acid rain: carbonic
More informationDetermining the Concentration of a Solution: Beer s Law. Evaluation copy. Figure 1
Determining the Concentration of a Solution: Beer s Law Computer 17 The primary objective of this experiment is to determine the concentration of an unknown copper (II) sulfate solution. You will use a
More informationACID-BASE TITRATION (MICROSCALE)
ACID-BASE TITRATION (MICROSCALE) LAB PH 4.PALM From Science with Handhelds, Vernier Software & Technology, 2002. INTRODUCTION Acids and bases represent a major class of chemical substances. We encounter
More informationChemistry with Mr. Faucher. Acid-Base Titration
Chemistry with Mr. Faucher Name Date Acid-Base Titration 24 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment,
More informationExperiment 2: THE DENSITY OF A SOLID UNKNOWN AND CALIBRATION WITH DATASTUDIO SOFTWARE
Experiment 2: THE DENSITY OF A SOLID UNKNOWN AND CALIBRATION WITH DATASTUDIO SOFTWARE Concepts: Density Equipment Calibration Approximate time required: 90 minutes for density 90 minutes for two thermometers
More informationCONDUCTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
Name Partner(s) Section Date CONDUCTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS PRE-LAB QUERIES 1. Why did you get a difference in the voltage readings for the 0.01M acetic acid and 0.01M hydrochloric acid solutions using the
More informationDetermination of the K a of a Weak Acid and the K b of a Weak Base from ph Measurements
Experiment 6 Determination of the K a of a Weak Acid and the K b of a Weak Base from ph Measurements Pre-Lab Assignment Before coming to lab: Read the lab thoroughly. Answer the pre-lab questions that
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Volume NaOH (ml) Figure 1
LabQuest 24 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, you will titrate hydrochloric acid solution,
More informationDetermining the Concentration of a Solution: Beer s Law
Determining the Concentration of a Solution: Beer s Law Vernier Spectrometer 1 The primary objective of this experiment is to determine the concentration of an unknown copper (II) sulfate solution. You
More informationAcid-Base Titration. Computer OBJECTIVES
Acid-Base Titration Computer 7 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution that is needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, your goal is to
More informationAlkalinity. LabQuest INTRODUCTION
Alkalinity LabQuest 11 INTRODUCTION The alkalinity of water is a measure of how much acid it can neutralize. If any changes are made to the water that could raise or lower the ph value, alkalinity acts
More informationWhat Causes the Seasons?
Name Date What Causes the Seasons? Experiment 10 Because the axis of the earth is tilted, the earth receives different amounts of solar radiation at different times of the year. The amount of solar radiation
More informationThe Hand Warmer Design Challenge: Where Does the Heat Come From?
The Hand Warmer Design Challenge: Where Does the Heat Come From? LSNED Learn Something New Every Day About Sharing and Contributions Interesting Facts Science In Your Mittens: The Chemistry Of Hand Warmers
More informationEXPERIMENT 15. USING CONDUCTIVITY TO LOOK AT SOLUTIONS: DO WE HAVE CHARGED IONS OR NEUTRAL MOLECULES? rev 7/09
EXPERIMENT 15 USING CONDUCTIVITY TO LOOK AT SOLUTIONS: DO WE AVE CARGED IONS OR NEUTRAL MOLECULES? rev 7/09 GOAL After you complete this experiment, you should have a better understanding of aqueous solutions
More informationph Measurement and its Applications
ph Measurement and its Applications Objectives: To measure the ph of various solutions using indicators and ph meters. To perform a ph titration. To create and study buffer solutions. To determine the
More informationAcids and Bases. Figure 1
DataQuest 9 Organisms are often very sensitive to the effect of s and s in their environment. They need to maintain a stable internal ph in order to survive even in the event of environmental changes.
More informationEXPERIMENT 9 SALTWATER CONDUCTANCE: The Effect of Concentration
EXPERIMENT 9 SALTWATER CONDUCTANCE: The Effect of Concentration Introduction According to the Theory of Ionization proposed by S. Arrhenius, about 1880, ionic compounds dissolve in water forming cations
More informationObjectives. Materials TI-73 CBL 2 TM
. Objectives Activity 5 To understand that acids and bases are electrolytes. This is a physical property of matter To be able to measure the voltage produced by an electrolyte using the voltage sensor
More informationRate Law Determination of the Crystal Violet Reaction. Evaluation copy
Rate Law Determination of the Crystal Violet Reaction Computer 30 In this experiment, you will observe the reaction between crystal violet and sodium hydroxide. One objective is to study the relationship
More informationexperiment7 Explaining the difference between analyte and standard solutions. Know the definition of equivalence point.
93 experiment7 Determining an Unknown Concentration Understanding the concept of titration. LECTURE AND LAB SKILLS EMPHASIZED Explaining the difference between analyte and standard solutions. Know the
More informationKinetics of Crystal Violet Bleaching
Kinetics of Crystal Violet Bleaching Authors: V. C. Dew and J. M. McCormick* From Update March 12, 2013 with revisions Nov. 29, 2016 Introduction Chemists are always interested in whether a chemical reaction
More informationTHIRD GRADE OCEANS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
THIRD GRADE OCEANS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES WATER CYCLE OVERVIEW OF THIRD GRADE WATER WEEK 1. PRE: Comparing the different components of the water cycle. LAB: Contrasting water with hydrogen
More informationHESS S LAW: ADDITIVITY OF HEATS OF REACTION
HESS S LAW: ADDITIVITY OF HEATS OF REACTION LAB THC 1.COMP From Chemistry with Computers, Vernier Software & Technology, 2000 INTRODUCTION In this experiment, you will use a Styrofoam-cup calorimeter to
More informationFinding the Constant K c 4/21/15 Maya Parks Partners: Ben Seufert, Caleb Shumpert. Abstract:
Finding the Constant K c 4/21/15 Maya Parks Partners: Ben Seufert, Caleb Shumpert Abstract: This lab was performed to find the chemical equilibrium constant K c for the reaction Fe 3+ + SCN FeSCN 2+ using
More informationExperiment 14 It s Snow Big Deal
Experiment 14 It s Snow Big Deal OUTCOMES After completing this experiment, the student should be able to: use computer-based data acquisition techniques to measure temperatures. draw appropriate conclusions
More informationPOTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS & SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA. Background
POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS & SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA Background In this experiment, students will familiarize themselves with potentiometric titration, practice using the first derivative to find the equivalence
More informationDiffusion through Membranes. Evaluation copy. dialysis tubing, 2.5 cm 12 cm
Diffusion through Membranes Computer 3 Diffusion is a process that allows ions or molecules to move from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated. This process accounts for
More informationUse quantitative and qualitative analyses to identify the powder in Mr. Orlow s car.
Case File 7 Drug Tests: Identifying an unknown chemical Use quantitative and qualitative analyses to identify the powder in Mr. Orlow s car. Police Report Patrol officers pulled over Mr. Yuri Orlow for
More informationEvaluation copy. Acids and Bases. computer OBJECTIVES MATERIALS
Acids and Bases Computer 2 Organisms are often very sensitive to the effect of s and s in their environment. They need to maintain a stable internal ph in order to survive even in the event of environmental
More informationLab 5 Enthalpy of Solution Formation
Chemistry 3202 Lab 5 Enthalpy of Solution Formation Page 1 of 9 Lab 5 Enthalpy of Solution Formation Introduction This lab activity will introduce you to the measurement of energy change associated with
More informationpka AND MOLAR MASS OF A WEAK ACID
Experiment 10 pka AND MOLAR MASS OF A WEAK ACID Adapted by the Chemistry Faculty of Eastern Michigan University from EQUL 305,written by Richard C. Bell, Lebanon Valley College, published by Chemical Education
More informationLab 12 Pressure-Temperature Relationship in Gases
Lab 12 Pressure-Temperature Relationship in Gases INTRODUCTION /PURPOSE/PLE LAB QUESTION Gases are made up of molecules that are in constant motion and exert pressure when they collide with the walls of
More informationPOTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS & SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA
POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS & SOLUBILITY EQUILIBRIA Introduction In this experiment, students will familiarize themselves with potentiometric titration, practice using the first derivative to find the equivalence
More informationChemical Equilibrium: Finding a Constant, Kc
Chemical Equilibrium: Finding a Constant, Kc Experiment 20 The purpose of this lab is to experimentally determine the equilibrium constant, K c, for the following chemical reaction: Fe 3+ (aq) + SCN -
More informationph Titration Curves You will need about 10 ml of ~6M NaOH solution and about 40 ml of each acid solution and about 1.5 grams of KHP.
ph Titration Curves In this experiment you will generate titration curves for the titration of a monoprotic strong acid, a monoprotic weak acid, and a diprotic weak acid. From the titration curves you
More informationDensity of Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solutions
Experiment 3 Density of Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solutions Prepared by Ross S. Nord and Stephen E. Schullery, Eastern Michigan University PURPOSE Determine the concentration of an unknown sodium chloride
More informationTitration with an Acid and a Base
Skills Practice Titration with an Acid and a Base Titration is a process in which you determine the concentration of a solution by measuring what volume of that solution is needed to react completely with
More informationThe effects of sodium chloride on the Boiling Point of Dihydrogen Monoxide
The effects of sodium chloride on the Boiling Point of Dihydrogen Monoxide Background: Dissolving a solute in a liquid can change its properties. These are called Colligative Properties, which are properties
More information7-A. Inquiry INVESTIGATION. 322 MHR Unit 3 Quantities in Chemical Reactions. Skill Check. Safety Precautions
Inquiry INVESTIGATION 7-A Skill Check Initiating and Planning Performing and Recording Analyzing and Interpreting Communicating Safety Precautions Wear safety eyewear throughout this investigation. Wear
More informationFrom Which Planet is the Soil Sample From?
Teacher From Which Planet is the Soil Sample From? NGSSS: SC.912.P.8.2: Differentiate between physical and chemical properties and physical and chemical changes of matter. Purpose of Lab/Activity: To separate
More informationHow Can We Determine the Actual Percentage of H 2 O 2 in a Drugstore Bottle of Hydrogen Peroxide?
How Can We Determine the Actual Percentage of H 2 O 2 in a Drugstore Bottle of Hydrogen Peroxide? Hydrogen peroxide, H 2 O 2, is easily oxidized. Dilute solutions are used as a disinfectant, in commercial
More informationPre-lab: Read section 9.9 (pages ) on acid-base titrations in the textbook. Complete the attached pre-lab by Tuesday, June 2.
Chemistry 121 Lab 5: Titration of an unknown acid Objective: Determine the concentration of an unknown monoprotic acid by titration, the process that matches the number of moles of base with the number
More informationThe Synthesis and Analysis of Aspirin
The Synthesis and Analysis of Aspirin Computer 22 Aspirin, the ubiquitous pain reliever, goes by the chemical name acetylsalicylic acid. One of the compounds used in the synthesis of aspirin is salicylic
More informationDetermining the Concentration of a Solution: Beer s Law
Determining the Concentration of a Solution: Beer s Law The primary objective of this experiment is to determine the concentration of an unknown cobalt (II) chloride solution. You will use a Vernier SpectroVis
More information6 Acid Base Titration
E x p e r i m e n t Acid Base Titration Experiment : http://genchemlab.wordpress.com/-titration/ objectives To understand the concept of titration. To explain the difference between the analyte and standard
More informationTITRATION CURVES INTRODUCTION. Read and/or review Sections 4.10 and 16.7 in your textbook.
1 TITRATION CURVES Copyright: Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2343. 2013. INTRODUCTION Read and/or review Sections 4.10 and 16.7 in your textbook. In an acid - base titration,
More informationChemical Equilibrium: Finding a Constant, Kc
Chemical Equilibrium: Finding a Constant, Kc Experiment 20 The purpose of this lab is to experimentally determine the equilibrium constant, K c, for the following chemical reaction: Fe 3+ (aq) + SCN (aq)
More informationThe Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide. Evaluation copy
The Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide Computer 12 The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution proceeds very slowly. A bottle of 3% hydrogen peroxide sitting on a grocery store shelf is
More informationEvaluation copy. The Molar Mass of a Volatile Liquid. computer OBJECTIVES MATERIALS
The Molar Mass of a Volatile Liquid Computer 3 One of the properties that helps characterize a substance is its molar mass. If the substance in question is a volatile liquid, a common method to determine
More informationMicroscale Acid-Base Titration
icroscale Acid-Base Titration Experiment 31 A titration is a process used to determine the volume of a solution needed to react with a given amount of another substance. In this experiment, you will titrate
More informationLab: Phase Change. Introduction. Predict. Computer setup- Equipment setup- Name: Period: Date:
/16 Points Lab: Phase Change Introduction Every substance has a characteristic freezing point and melting point. As you might expect, the substance changes phase at each of these temperatures. A pure substance
More informationEndothermic and Exothermic Reactions
Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions Experiment 1 Many chemical reactions give off energy. Chemical reactions that release energy are called exothermic reactions. Some chemical reactions absorb energy
More informationFOURTH GRADE OCEANS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
FOURTH GRADE OCEANS 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES WATER CYCLE OVERVIEW OF FOURTH GRADE WATER WEEK 1. PRE: Comparing different reservoirs of water. LAB: Experimenting with surface tension and capillary
More informationUnit 9 The Mole Chapter 10 of your textbook
Unit 9 The Mole Chapter 10 of your textbook Learning Targets for Unit 9 Early Booklet E.C.: + 2 Unit 9.A Hwk. Pts.: / 36 Unit 9.A Lab Pts.: / 32 Late, Incomplete, No Work, No Units Fees? Y / N 1.1 I can
More informationWhat is Science? Science is both a collection of knowledge and the process for building that knowledge.
Introduction to Science Junior Science What is Science? Science is both a collection of knowledge and the process for building that knowledge. Science asks questions about the natural world and looks for
More informationEarth s Oceans. Divisions of the Global Ocean
Earth s Oceans 1 Key Concept The characteristics of ocean water, such as temperature and salinity, affect the circulation of the ocean. What You Will Learn Earth is unique in our solar system because 71%
More informationCareful, Cyclones Can Blow You Away!
Title: Careful, Cyclones Can Blow You Away! (Meteorology) Grade(s): 6-8 Introduction: Most people associate twisters with tornadoes, but in fact tropical twisters come from hurricanes. Hurricanes are what
More informationApply the ideal gas law (PV = nrt) to experimentally determine the number of moles of carbon dioxide gas generated
Teacher Information Ideal Gas Law Objectives Determine the number of moles of carbon dioxide gas generated during a reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium bicarbonate. Through this investigation,
More informationExperimental Procedure
Experimental Procedure Overview The ph meter is used in conjunction with a titration apparatus and a standardized sodium hydroxide solution to determine the molar concentration of a weak acid solution
More information4 What Happens When Compounds Are Added to Water?
4 What Happens When Compounds Are Added to Water? Name: Date: Lab Day/Time: Lab Partner: Objectives Understand the difference between electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutions Learn to identify a compound
More informationAcid Rain. Evaluation copy
Acid Rain Computer 22 In this experiment, you will observe the formation of four acids that occur in acid rain: carbonic acid, H 2 CO 3 nitrous acid, HNO 2 nitric acid, HNO 3 sulfurous acid, H 2 SO 3 Carbonic
More informationTHE IDENTIFICATION OF A SOLID ORGANIC ACID
THE IDENTIFICATIN F A SLID RGANIC ACID The volumetric procedure called a titration is a powerful tool in analytical chemistry. Not only does the process give the concentration of an unknown solution, but
More informationPrecipitating Weather
Title: Precipitating Weather (Meteorology) Grade Level(s): 6-8 Introduction: There has probably been a small increase in global precipitation over land during the twentieth century. When speaking of precipitation,
More informationiworx Sample Lab Experiment GB-2: Membrane Permeability
Experiment GB-2: Membrane Permeability Exercise 1: Movement of Small Positive Ions Across a Membrane Aim: To determine if small, positively charged, hydrogen ions can move across a membrane from a region
More informationChemistry 3202 Lab 6 Hess s Law 1
Chemistry 3202 Lab 6 Hess s Law 1 Lab 6 Hess's Law Introduction Chemical and physical changes are always accompanied by a change in energy. Energy changes may be observed by detecting heat flow between
More informationDetermining the Concentration of a Solution: Beer s Law
Determining the Concentration of a Solution: Beer s Law LabQuest 11 The primary objective of this experiment is to determine the concentration of an unknown nickel (II) sulfate solution. You will be using
More informationfor a Weak Acid 1-ring stand stir plate and stir bar ph Probe ml burette 1-50 ml and ml beaker Drop counter ph 7.00 buffer 0.
Exercise 4 Page 1 Illinois Central College CHEMISTRY 132 Name: Determination of for a Weak Acid Equipment Objectives 1-ring stand stir plate and stir bar ph Probe 1-25.00 ml burette 1-50 ml and 1-250 ml
More informationWhat Causes the Seasons?
Name Date What Causes the Seasons? Experiment 10 Because the axis of the Earth is tilted, the Earth receives different amounts of solar radiation at different times of the year. The amount of solar radiation
More informationConcentrations that absorb. Measuring percentage transmittance of solutions at different concentrations
Measuring percentage transmittance of solutions at different Dimension 2 Cross Cutting Concepts Dimension 1 Science and Engineering Practices FRAMEWORK FOR K-12 SCIENCE EDUCATION 2012 Concentrations that
More informationRate law Determination of the Crystal Violet Reaction Using the Isolation Method
Rate law Determination of the Crystal Violet Reaction Using the Isolation Method Introduction A common challenge in chemical kinetics is to determine the rate law for a reaction with multiple reactants.
More information1 Earth s Oceans. TAKE A LOOK 2. Identify What are the five main oceans?
CHAPTER 13 1 Earth s Oceans SECTION Exploring the Oceans BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What affects the salinity of ocean water? What affects
More informationELECTRICAL CONDUCTION IN SOLUTIONS
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION IN SOLUTIONS Partially adapted from "Chemistry with Computers" Vernier Software, Portland OR, 1997 INTRODUCTION Conductivity Electricity is typically thought of as the conduction
More informationEXPERIMENT. Stoichiometry of a Precipitation Reaction
EXPERIMENT Stoichiometry of a Precipitation Reaction Hands-On Labs, Inc. Version 42-0201-00-02 Review the safety materials and wear goggles when working with chemicals. Read the entire exercise before
More informationPRELIMINARY ACTIVITY FOR
PRELIMINARY ACTIVITY FOR Beer s Law Investigations Guided Inquiry Version Experiment 11 The primary objective of this Preliminary Activity is to determine the concentration of an unknown copper (II) sulfate
More informationEarth s Ocean Waters
Earth s Ocean Waters BigIdeas Nearly three-quarters of Earth is covered by water, the majority of which is saltwater found in the ocean. Water has many unique properties that shape our planet and life
More informationThe ABCs of Chemistry
Hands-On Science The ABCs of Chemistry Michael Margolin illustrated by Lloyd Birmingham WALCH EDUCATION Contents To the Teacher... v... vii... viii... xvi... 1... 9.... 17... 28... 38... 45.... 52... 62...
More informationStandardization of a Primary Standard & Determination of Concentration by Acid-Base Titration
Standardization of a Primary Standard & Determination of Concentration by Acid-Base Titration It is often necessary to test a solution of unknown concentration with a solution of a known, precise concentration.
More informationStatic and Kinetic Friction
Ryerson University - PCS 120 Introduction Static and Kinetic Friction In this lab we study the effect of friction on objects. We often refer to it as a frictional force yet it doesn t exactly behave as
More information