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1 Name: Period: Date: KIPP NYC College Prep General Chemistry UNIT 8: Kinetics and Equilibrium Lesson 3: Potential Energy Diagrams By the end of today, you will have an answer to: How do we extract information from a potential energy diagram? Do Now: Label the following: A. Reactants B. Products C. Draw an arrow at the point where bonds break 2. Is this an exothermic or endothermic reaction? Explain your answer in terms of potential energy. Which equation would match with the given potential diagram? A + B + 55kJ AB b. A + B AB + 55kJ Explain your answer choice. Review of Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions: Exothermic Heat is Endothermic H (Heat of reaction) Potential Energy Diagram Reaction Example N2 (g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) kJ H = 2C(s) + 2H2(g) kj C2H4(g) H = ENERGY IS IMPORTANT IN MAKING CHEMICAL REACTIONS HAPPEN!
2 Examples of Potential energy diagrams. Parts of a Potential Energy Diagram: Potential Energy (Heat) Reaction Coordinate (A) Reactants this is what you start with (B) Products this what you get (C) Activated Complex (D) Heat of FORWARD Reaction ( H) (E) Heat of BACKWARD Reaction (ΔH) (F) Activation Energy
3 Name: Pd: Date: KIPP NYC College Prep General Chemistry CW 9.3: Potential Energy Diagrams 10 points PAIR PRACTICE: EXAMPLE 1: Understanding parts of the diagram 1. The diagram below represents the potential energy for the following reaction: N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g) a) What does (a) represent? b) What does (b) represent? c) What does (c) represent? d) What are the reactants in this equation? Place a 1 where you would find them on the potential energy diagram. e) What are the products in this equation? Place a 2 where you would find them on the potential energy diagram. EXAMPLE 2: CALCULATING HEAT OF REACTION USING THE DIAGRAM Base your answers to questions 1-4 on the potential energy diagram below. 1. What is the potential energy of the reactants? 2. What is the potential energy of the products? 3. What is the heat of the forward (left to right) reaction? HINT: Heat of reaction (ΔH)= Potential Energy of Products Potential Energy of Reactants 4. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic?
4 EXAMPLE 3: MORE HEAT OF REACTION a) What is the heat of the FORWARD reaction? (Hint: heat of products-heat of reactants ) b) What is the heat of the BACKWARD reaction? (Hint: where are the products of the BACKWARD reaction found?) EXAMPLE 4: CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING An increase in temperature increases the rate of a chemical reaction because the (1) Activation energy increases (2) Activation energy decreases (3) Number of molecular collisions increases (4) Number of molecular collisions decreases EXAMPLE 5: PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER Given the reaction, A + B AB + 210kJ Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? Draw a potential energy diagram for the reaction above, assuming there is an activation energy of 21 kj. What would the activation energy of the reverse reaction be?
5 Name: Pd: Date: KIPP NYC College Prep General Chemistry HW 9.3: Potential Energy Diagrams 10 points In the smelting of iron ore, Fe 2O 3 is reduced in a blast furnace at high temperature by a reaction with carbon monoxide. Crushed limestone, CaCO 3, is also added to the mixture to remove impurities in the ore. The carbon monoxide is fomred by the oxidation of carbon (coke), as shown in the reaction below: 2C + O 2 2 CO + energy Liquid iron flows from the bottom of the blast furnace and is processed into different alloys of iron. 4. Sketch a potential energy diagram for the reaction of carbon and oxygen that produces carbon monoxide.
6 Use the data below to create a potential energy diagram for the following reaction: Chemical Reaction: N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH 3 Energy of reactants: 116kJ Activation Energy: 145kJ Energy of Products: 25kJ Heat of Reaction H= (table I) Endothermic or Exothermic = 2. In terms of potential energy, explain how the reactant particles change from the beginning of the graph to the end. 3. According to table I what is another possible reaction that can be represented by this graph.
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