Fission cross section measured at n_tof with PPACs
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1 Fission cross section measured at n_tof with PPACs L. Audoin1, I. Duran2, E. Leal2, LS. Leong1, C. Paradela2*, D. Tarrío2**, L. Tassan-Got1 on behalf of the n_tof Collaboration 1. Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'orsay, France 2. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain *JRC-IRMM, Geel, Belgium ** Upsala University, Sweden Contribution to NEMEA-7/CIELO Workshop, JRC-IRMM Geel, 5-7 of November 2013
2 Motivation Need of accurate nuclear data for innovative nuclear reactors, advanced fuel cycle and nuclear waste incineration Fission reactions: Nuclear structure and dynamics of deformed nuclei Measurements focused on isotopes involved in the thorium fuel cycle (also of interest for THFB) 2
3 n_tof facility Intense spallation source Neutrons from thermal to GeV energies Excellent time resolution and low background 3
4 Fission setup: PPACs Thin gas detectors (transparent to neutrons) Fast anode singal (~500 ps time resolution) Position information from cathodes Both fission fragments detected in coincidence Trajectory reconstruction 4
5 Fission setup: targets 8 cm diameter targets to take advantage of the n_tof fission collimator Thin samples (300 µg/cm2) and backings (2 µm de Al) Target characterization by alpha counting and RBS (total mass, oxygen content, sample inhomogeneities) Verification of the backing thickness by alpha energy loss 5
6 Detection setup 10 PPACs + 9 Targets 235 U and 238U as references 5 signals per detectors registered by FADC Analysis off-line for fullydigitized neutron pulses 6
7 PPAC characteristics Insensitivity to gamma-flash and very fast signals allowing to measure GeV fission at n_tof Thin material layers and low pressure gas minimize the neutron beam attenuation Coincidence method implies a better rejection of backgrounds (alpha radioactivity or spallation reactions) 7
8 The coincidence method U-234: singles U-234: coincidences 8
9 PPAC characteristics Possibility of having more than one detector crossed by a FF (timing conditions for target selection) Signal amplitude information improves background sustraction Detection efficiency strongly depends on the emission angle and the target thicknesses. Very sensitive to the angular distribution. Need to use anisotropy for correction FF trajectory reconstruction => FFAD in a limited angular range 9
10 Main results (I) 234 U(n,f) σf Phys. Rev. C (2010) 237 Np(n,f) σf J. of Korean Phys. Soc. 59, 1908 (2011) Annals of Nuclear Energy 54, 36 (2012) 10
11 Main results (II) 209 Bi(n,f) & natpb(n,f) σf Phys. Rev. C 83, (2011) 233 U(n,f) & 232Th(n,f) ND2007 (Article in preparation) 11
12 Main results (III) 238 U(n,f)/235U(n,f) σf ratio (Paper in preparation) All results include efficiencies corrected by anisotropies (EXFOR experiments). Results with about 4% systematic uncertainties. 12
13 Phase II setup New setup with PPACs tilted with respect to neutron beam direction Full angular coverage. FFAD studies. Some new targets with a thinner backing (0.7 µm ) 13
14 Phase I vs Phase II setups FF1 ) n beam θ Geant4 simulations FF2 ) FF1 FF2 θ 14
15 First results at Phase II : FFAD for 232Th, 237Np and 238,235U D. Tarrío and LS. Leong PhD's (NIM submitted). **Complete FFAD required to correct the cross section 15
16 238 U/235U ratio New measurements with a different setup (different efficiency dependence) 16
17 Last campaing (2012) FFAD for 234U. Preliminary data presented in Final Erinda Workshop (E. Leal-Cidoncha) Setup included two 235U and three 238U targets with different backings. To be analysed yet 17
18 Conclusions and perspectives PPACs used with coincidence method at n_tof have provided neutron-induced fission data for an extended energy range Samples and backings are carefully characterized to improve the data accuracy FFAD is needed to proper treatment of the detection efficiency New method of efficiency determination in progress. Revision of cross section to improve the 4% accuracy. U-235 & U-238 targets have been included as references in all the measurements. Systematic studies are foreseen 18
19 Thanks for your attention 19
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