Reference ARPES Spectra Taken Using a Scienta VUV5k Lamp and a Scienta R4000 Analyzer
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1 Reference ARPES Spectra Taken Using a Scienta VUVk Lamp and a Scienta R Analyzer Joseph A. Hlevyack T.-C. Chiang Group University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign Contact Info.: hlevyac@illinois.edu (Joseph A. Hlevyack, Doctoral Candidate) tcchiang@illinois.edu (Prof. Tai-Chang Chiang)
2 Overview of Operating Conditions and Reference Data for Scienta VUVk He Lamp (1) Unless indicated otherwise, all data were taken using a Scienta VUVk He lamp together with a Scienta R analyzer (at a sample temperature of ~18 K). () Sample Face to Capillary Tip: ~13 mm (3) Test Sample: 8 QL Bi Se 3 grown on bilayer graphene-terminated SiC(1). -The electronic structure of an 8 QL Bi Se 3 film should be similar to that of a cleaved bulk sample, and the spectra that follow were taken along the ΓK direction. -The thickness of this film has been calibrated according to XRR measurements. () To get better statistics of the Dirac cone, and to test the stability of the Scienta lamp, a number of spectra were taken for ~3 min., but from experience with the lamp, this is generally unnecessary. The discharge of the Scienta lamp is very stable and is not extinguished for the duration of the test measurements (in excess of hours of operation). () Typical Operating Conditions for Scienta Lamp (First/Second Pumping Stage Turbos: 7 l/s each, Monochromator Turbo: l/s): -First Pumping Stage: 9.3 mtorr; -Second Pumping Stage: 8.1E-7 Torr; -Gas line Pressure: ~1.9 psi (~1.17 bar); -Reflection:.%; -Water Line: ~1.7 l/min.
3 Below are RHEED patterns taken during the sample preparation of Bi Se 3 grown on bilayer graphene-terminated SiC(1). RHEED pattern of graphene-terminated SiC(1) RHEED pattern of 8 QL Bi Se 3 (test sample for ARPES measurements) (1) Electron Beam Energy: ~8 k () Sample Temperature: Room Temperature
4 Pass Energy 1 Slit Pass Energy 1 Slit Measured spectra at different pass energy and slits; see subsequent slides for details.
5 Slit : Width:. mm, Length: 3 mm; Slit 7 ; Straight (1) Number of Scans: 1 () Step Size: 1 m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Monochromator: Specular (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) () Step Time:. s () Steps: 1, Total Time for Each Spectra: 1. s (7) Sample Temperature: ~18 K NOTE: Skipped pass energy 1 (bulk bands completely washed out at start of scan)
6 Slit 3: Width: 1. mm, Length: 3 mm; Slit ; Straight (1) Number of Scans: 1 () Step Size: 1 m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Monochromator: Specular (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) () Step Time:. s () Steps: 1, Total Time for Each Spectra: 1. s (7) Sample Temperature: ~18 K NOTE: Skipped pass energy 1 (bulk bands completely washed out at start of scan).
7 Slit : Width:.8 mm, Length: mm; Slit ; Curved (1) Number of Scans: 1 () Step Size: 1 m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Monochromator: Specular (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) () Step Time:. s () Steps: 1, Total Time for Each Spectra: 1. s (7) Sample Temperature: ~18 K
8 Slit : Width:. mm, Length: mm; Slit ; Curved (1) Number of Scans: 1 () Step Size: 1 m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Monochromator: Specular (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) () Step Time:. s () Steps: 1, Total Time for Each Spectra: 1. s (7) Sample Temperature: ~18 K
9 Slit : Width:.3 mm, Length: mm; Slit 3 ; Curved (1) Number of Scans: 1 () Step Size: 1 m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Monochromator: Specular (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) () Step Time:. s () Steps: 1, Total Time for Each Spectra: 1. s (7) Sample Temperature: ~18 K
10 Slit 7: Width:. mm, Length: mm; Slit ; Curved (1) Number of Scans: 1 () Step Size: 1 m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Monochromator: Specular (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) () Step Time:. s () Steps: 318, Total Time for Each Spectra: 1. s (7) Sample Temperature: ~18 K
11 Spectra taken at optimal settings, including one using the monochromator at pure He I-α (hν = 1.18 ) with Slit (3 rd straight: Width: 1. mm, Length: 3 mm). Roughly, there is generally more background for spectra taken under specular light (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) compared to spectra taken under pure He I-α light Intensity at Random Point (-3 deg., 1. ): ~ x 1 3 (a.u.) Intensity at Random Point (-3 deg., 1. ): ~ x 1 3 (a.u.) (1) Number of Scans: () Step Size: m, (3) () Angular Mode: Angular1 () Monochromator: Specular (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) () Step Time:. s, Steps: 37 (7) Total Time for Spectra: 31. min. (8) Data file: (9) Sample Temperature: ~18 K (1) Number of Scans: 3 () Step Size: m, (3) 1 () Angular Mode: Angular1 () Monochromator: pure He I-α (hν = 1.18 ) () Step Time:. s, Steps: 37 (7) Total Time for Spectra: 37. min. (8) Data file: (9) Sample Temperature: ~18 K
12 Monochromator (Complete Separation of Spectral Lines) Reference Spectra: Slit: 3 rd Straight; Slit ; Width: 1. mm, Length: 3 mm. These are near Fermi-level scans using complete separation of He lines (1) 1, () Step Size: m, (3) Mono.: He I-α, () 17771, () Steps: 37, () Number of Scans: 3, (7) Total Time: 37. min., (8) Sample Temperature: ~18 K (1) 1, () Step Size: m, (3) Mono.: He I-β, () , () Steps: 39, () Number of Scans: 3, (7) Total Time: 39. min., (8) Sample Temperature: ~18 K (1) 1, () Step Size: m, (3) Mono.: He II, () , () Steps: 37 () Number of Scans: 3 (7) Total Time: 37. min. (8) Sample Temperature: ~18 K
13 Monochromator (Complete Separation of Spectral Lines) Reference Spectra: Slit: 3 rd Straight; Slit ; Width: 1. mm, Length: 3 mm. These are valence scans taken over a larger energy range (vs. those found on the previous slide) (1), () Step Size: m, (3) Mono.: He I-α, () 17771, () Steps:, () Number of Scans: 3, (7) Total Time: 17 min., (8) Sample Temperature: ~18 K (1), () Step Size: m, (3) Mono.: He I-β, () 17773, () Steps: () Number of Scans: 3 (7) Total Time: 1.8 min. (8) Sample Temperature: ~18 K (1) 1, () Step Size: m, (3) Mono.: He II, () , () Steps: 7 () Number of Scans: 3 (7) Total Time: 18. min. (8) Sample Temperature: ~18 K
14 These spectra are from the previous two slides, but the kinetic energy was converted to binding energy for ease of comparison. (Slit: Slit, 3 rd straight) Binding energy ().. Binding energy ().. Binding energy () Mono.: He I-α Mono.: He I-β Mono.: He II Binding energy () 3 Binding energy () 3 Binding energy () Mono.: He I-α Mono.: He I-β Mono.: He II
15 Below are reference data taken with the cheap UVS 1/3 UV lamp and the Scienta VUVk (Slit: 3 rd straight: Width: 1. mm, Length: 3 mm). Scienta VUVk SPECS UVS 1/3 Scienta VUVk (1) Number of Scans: () Step Size: m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Monochromator: Specular (Intensity: ~88% He I-α) () Step Time:. s, Steps: 37 () Total Time for Spectra: 31. min. (7) Data file: (8) Sample: 8 QL Bi Se 3 (9) Sample Temperature: ~18 K - (1) Number of Scans: () Step Size: m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Step Time:. s, Steps: 37 () Total Time for Spectra:. min. () Data file: (7) Sample: 7 QL Bi Se 3, according to TM (not XRR adjusted and is definitely thinner). (8) Sample Temperature: ~18 K (1) Number of Scans: 3 () Step Size: m (3) Angular Mode: Angular1 (1 deg. Window) () Monochromator: pure He I-α (hν = 1.18 ) () Step Time:. s, Steps: 37 () Total Time for Spectra: 37. min. (7) Data file: (8) Sample: 8 QL Bi Se 3 (9) Sample Temperature: ~18 K
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