ISOTOPE PRODUCTION RATES IN THE LEAD TARGET OF THE ENERGY PLUS TRANSMUTATION -SETUP IN THE REACTION D+Pb AT 2,52 GEV

Transcription

1 ISOTOPE PRODUCTION RATES IN THE LEAD TARGET OF THE ENERGY PLUS TRANSMUTATION -SETUP IN THE REACTION D+Pb AT,5 GEV O Yordanov, J Adam, S Bazev, K Kaovsky, L Kosov, V D Kovalenko, M I Krivopusov, M Maerle, A A Solnyshkin, Ch Soyanov, V M Tsoupko-Sinikov, P Zhivkov Insiue of Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria Join Insiue for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia Czech Technical Universiy, Prague, Czech Republic Nuclear Physics Insiue, Rez, Czech Republic

2 The need of sudies for fuure opions of Nuclear power Conemporary Nuclear Power Favorable price of he produced energy clean - limied emission of СО compared o he amoun of produced power dependable- one of high-ech branches of world s economy Environmenaly friendy?: depends on he exisence of long-erm sorage capabiliies Expanding Nuclear Power Producion? Fas rising energy demands of growing economies Economic growh + reducion of greenhouse gas emissions Avoiding of sorage needs for large quaniies of radioacive wases Need for new approaches for fuure energy producion

3 A possible approach: Accelleraor Driven Sysems (ADS)- p~ GeV Pb, W Conemporary echnology Self susaining reacion Use of enriched fuel Criicaliy of he reacor Need of long-erm sorage of he produced radioacive wases ADS No need for fuel enrichmen Use of an exernal neuron source Sub-criical operaion Transmuaion of long-living and oxic radioacive componens Sable operaing high-curren acceleraor required

4 The Energy plus Transmuaion experimen, JINR Dubna: A sub-criical assembly for ransmuaion sudies following he ADS concep Sudies of (n,γ), (n,f), (n,xn) reacions in he neuron field generaed in he irradiaion of he U/Pb-arge-blanke-assembly wih relaivisic proon/deueron beams Samples: Pu38,39, Np37, I9, I7, Bi, Al, Fe, Dy, La, In, Pb, Au Acivaion deecors Pb-arge D -beam ~ Gev/u Acivaion deecors U38 in Al-cans Drawing by M I Krivopusov and T Tumendelger, JINR Dubna

5 Targe-Blanke Sysem Energy & Transmuaion, Experimens hall of he Nucloron faciliy

6 Experimenal sudies on nuclide producion in he Pb-arge Six Pb-samples Experimenal daa for he nuclide producion in he Pb-arge Comparison of he experimenal daa wih calculaions GeV 0 609mg 590mg 574mg 3 599mg 4 574mg 5 605mg Φ=5 mm, na Pb

7 Producion of β+ radioacive nuclides Idenificaion of he produced nuclides by precision gammaspecroscopy of he samples using HPGe deecors Assignmen of he observed gamma-ransiions o he corresponding decaying nuclides Off-line gamma-specroscopy eg afer he end of he irradiaion The deerminaion of he isoope producion raes is based on he measuremen of he absolue inensiy of he assigned gamma-ransiions m Au Bi Pb Tl Hg

8 The producion rae of an isoope (A,Z) is defined as: R A, Z A, Z = [number of prod nuclei/incoming deueron/arge aom] Y oal N N na Pb Analysis of he isoopes of Bi and Pb: -sep decay Pb Decay consan Tl Duraion of he measuremen Relaive Inensiy of he gamma-ransiion Absolue deecion efficiency A ( E i) = N( ) ( exp( ( )) exp( ( + δ ))) I ε ( E ) P ( E ) γ, A, Z end A, Z A, Z i end A, Z i i end γ γ esc γ Area of he gamma-line in specra i Amoun of he decaying isoope Sar of he measuremen End of irradiaion Absorpion probabiliy of he ougoing radiaion wihin he volume of he sample

9 Pb Tl Hg N N d dn N d dn + = = ( ) ( ) N N N N exp exp ) ( = ( ) ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) [ ] exp exp exp exp ), ( N N N D + = Analysis of isoopes of Tl: feeding and wo decay channels

10 Nuclei of Pb and Tl are produced by each spill of he acceleraor, he produced amouns are proporional o he R-facors and he number of D-nuclei The number of D-nuclei in each spill are known The producion rae of he nuclide R(A,Tl) can be calculaed if R(A,Pb) is known and a sum over all spills is aken Measured number Of decays of (A,Tl) D( + R, A, Pb A, Pb y( A, Tl To be deermined R known ) = R known ) N y( y( na Pb ) N [ exp( ( )) exp( ( ))] [ exp( ( )) exp( ( ))] na Pb [ exp( ( )) exp( ( ))] ) N na Pb +

11 04Bi, 9840 kev Li: T/= (0) h 04Bi, 8995 kev 00E+00 00E+0 00E+00 couns/sec 00E-0 couns/sec 00E-0 00E-0 00E-0 T/=40 (35) h 000E E+0 00E+03 50E+03 00E+03 50E+03 ime [min] 00E-03 T/=07 (7) h 0E+00 E+03 E+03 3E+03 4E+03 5E+03 6E+03 ime [min] 06Bi, 8030 kev Li: T/=6,43 (3) d 06Bi, 3435 kev 00E+00 00E+00 couns/sec 00E-0 couns/sec 00E-0 00E-0 T/=65 (8) d 000E+00 00E+04 00E E E+04 00E-0 T/=697 (7) d 000E+00 00E+04 00E E E+04 ime [min] ime [min]

12 Resuls Producion raes of Bi-isoopes 04Bi 03Bi 3,50E-8 3,00E-8,50E kev 374 kev 984 kev 3,00E-8,50E-8,00E-8 80 kev R,00E-8,50E-8,00E-8 5,00E-9 R,50E-8,00E-8 5,00E-9 0,00E sample 0,00E sample

13 Producion raes of Tl-isoopes R,00E-6,00E-7 00Tl 0Tl 0Tl Tl98m Tl98,00E-8,00E Sample

14 Producion raes of Pb-isoopes 00Pb 0Pb R,E-7,E-7 8,E-8 6,E-8 4,E-8 47,63 kev MCNPX R,5E-7,0E-7,5E-7,0E-7 33 kev 36 kev 946 kev 908 kev 69 kev MCNPX,E-8 5,0E-8 0,E ,0E sample sample 03Pb 0mPb 4,0E-7 3,5E-7 3,0E-7,5E-7 79 kev 40 kev MCNPX,E-7 9,E-8 8,E-8 7,E-8 6,E kev 657 kev 787 kev 4 kev R,0E-7,5E-7,0E-7 5,0E-8 0,0E R 5,E-8 4,E-8 3,E-8,E-8,E-8 0,E sample sample

15 Isoope producion raes for he reacion GeV R,00E-6,00E-7,00E-8,00E Sample 03Bi 04Bi 05Bi 06Bi 98Pb 00Pb 0mPb 03Pb 0Pb 00Tl 0Tl 0Tl Tl98m Tl98

16 Calculaions: MCNPX, TALYS Goal: Calculaion of he isoope producion raes R(A,Z) MCNPX- provides calculaion of he fluxes of neurons, deuerons and proons a he locaion poins of samples Producion cross secions: TALYS: paricle energies less han 50 MeV, MCNPX greaer han 50 MeV Sum over he parial producions wih respec o he isoope composiion of na Pb: 04Pb,06Pb,07Pb,08Pb R Calc i, A( Pb) A( Pb) A( Pb) A( Pb) 4 ( φ ( E ) σ ( E ) + φ ( E ) σ ( E ) φ ( E ) σ ( E ))0,00 = p A( Pb) n i n, X ( A, Z ) i p i p, X ( A, Z ) i + d i d, X ( A, Z ) i e φ n ( Ei ), φ p ( Ei ), φd ( Ei ) : [paricles/cm /incoming deueron] σ ( E ), σ,( E ), σ ( E A( Pb) A( Pb) A( Pb) n, X ( A, Z ) i p, X ( A, Z ) i d, X ( A, Z ) i ) : producion cross secions [mbarn]

17 Comparison beween calculaed and measured isoope producion raes: Pb isoopes 4,00 Rexp/Rcalc 3,50 3,00,50,00,50,00 0,50 Pb98 Pb00 Pb0 Pb03 0, sample

18 Comparison beween calculaed and measured isoope producion raes: Tl isoopes 0,00 Rexp/Rcalc 9,00 8,00 7,00 6,00 5,00 4,00 3,00,00,00 0, sample Tl98 Tl00 Tl0 Tl0

19 Comparison beween calculaed and measured isoope producion raes: Bi isoopes Rexp/Rcalc 0,00 9,00 8,00 7,00 6,00 5,00 4,00 3,00,00,00 0, sample 04Bi 05Bi 06Bi

20 Oulook Using Pb-samples placed a differen posiions along he Pb-arge he producion raes of isoopes of Bi, Pb and Tl have been measured The resuls are consisen and show a maximum of he isoope producion in he middle par of he arge No shor-living isoopes wih T/ below 3h have been observed No significan amoun of decays of isoopes wih Z<80 have been observed The bes agreemen beween measured and calculaed isoope producion raes was observed for Pb-isoopes Excep he 0 h arge, all deviaions beween calculaed and measured producion raes do no exceed order of magniude Nex experimens The use of purified samples of 00%-08Pb is preferred The gamma-specroscopy measuremens of he samples has o sar as soon as possible afer he end of he irradiaion in order o observe shor-living isoopes produced in reacions wih he mos energeic paricles Collecing of isoope producion raes a differen beam energies

21 Thanks o all friends and colleagues from:

22 ,00E+00,00E-0 Neuron flux,00e-0,00e-03,00e-04,00e-05 pos 0 pos pos pos 3 pos 4 pos 5,00E-06,00E Energy of neuron [MeV],00E+00,00E-0,00E-0 Proon flux,00e-03,00e-04,00e-05,00e-06 pos 0 pos pos pos 3 pos 4 pos 5,00E-07,00E-08,00E Energy of proon [MeV]

23 Cross-secion Pb(n,xn) reacion Cross-secion Pb03 Pb0 Pb00 Pb Energy of neurons [MeV] Cross-secion Pb(p,pxn) Cross-secion Pb03 Pb0 Pb00 Pb Energy of proons [MeV]