IB Physics Kinematics Worksheet
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1 IB Physics Kinemaics Workshee Wrie full soluions and noes for muliple choice answers. Do no use a calculaor for muliple choice answers. 1. Which of he following is a correc definiion of average acceleraion? A. B. C. D. changein velociy ime aken velociy ime aken change in speed ime aken speed ime aken 2. A paricle moves from a poin P o a poin Q in a ime T. Which one of he following correcly defines boh he average velociy and average acceleraion of he paricle? Average velociy Average acceleraion A. displacemen of Q and P T change in speed from Q o P T B. displacemen of Q and P T change in velociy from Q o P T C. disance beween Q and P T change in speed from Q o P T D. disance beween Q and P T change in velociy from Q o P T 1
2 3. An objec has iniial speed u and acceleraion a. Afer ravelling a disance s, is final speed is v. The quaniies u, v, a and s are relaed by he expression v 2 = u 2 + 2as. Which of he following includes he wo condiions necessary for he equaion o apply? A. a has consan direcion u and v are in he same direcion B. a has consan direcion a, u and v are in he same direcion C. a has consan magniude a has consan direcion D. a has consan magniude u and v are in he same direcion 4. A body saring from res moves along a sraigh-line under he acion of a consan force. Afer ravelling a disance d he speed of he body is v. iniial posiion v The speed of he body when i has ravelled a disance d d 2 from is iniial posiion is A. B. C. D. v. 4 v. 2 v. 2 v
3 5. The minue hand of a clock hung on a verical wall has lengh L. P L The minue hand is observed a he ime shown above and hen again, 3 minues laer. Wha is he displacemen of, and he disance moved by, he end P of he minue hand during his ime inerval? displacemen disance moved A. 2L verically downwards πl B. 2L verically upwards πl C. 2L verically downwards 2L D. 2L verically upwards 2L 3
4 6. Two forces P and Q ac a a poin X. The individual forces are represened in magniude and direcion in he diagram below. Which of he following diagrams bes shows he value of S, where S = (P Q)? A. B. P Q P S S Q C. D. S S Q Q P P 4
5 7. A ball is held a res in air. The ball is hen released. Which one of he following graphs bes shows he variaion wih ime of he disance d fallen by he ball? A. d B. d C. d D. d 8. The diagram below shows he variaion wih ime of he velociy v of an objec. v 5
6 Which one of he following graphs shows he variaion wih ime of he acceleraion a of he objec? A. a B. a C. a D. a 6
7 9. A ball is hrown verically upwards from he ground. The graph shows he variaion wih ime of he verical displacemen d of he ball. d D T Which one of he following gives he final displacemen afer ime T and he average speed beween ime = and ime = T? Displacemen Average speed A. B. 2D T C. 2D 2D T D. 2D 7
8 1. The graph below shows he variaion wih ime of he acceleraion a of a spaceship. a T The spaceship is a res a =. The shaded area represens A. he disance ravelled by he spaceship beween = and = T. B. he speed of he spaceship a = T. C. he rae a which he speed of he spaceship changes beween = and = T. D. he rae a which he acceleraion changes beween = and = T. 11. The graph below shows he variaion wih ime of he displacemen s of an objec moving along a sraigh-line. s / m / s The bes esimae of he insananeous speed of he objec a = 2. s is A.. ms 1. B..2 ms 1. C. 5. ms 1. D. 1. ms 1. 8
9 12. The variaion wih ime of he speed v of a car moving along a sraigh road is shown below. v S S S Which area, S 1, S 2 or S 3, or combinaion of areas, represens he oal disance moved by he car during he ime ha is speed is reducing? A. S 1 B. S 3 C. S 1 + S 3 D. S 1 + S 2 + S The graph below shows he variaion wih ime of he disance moved by a car along a sraigh road. During which ime inerval does he car have is greaes acceleraion? disance moved A B C D ime 9
10 14. A car acceleraes uniformly from res. I hen coninues a consan speed before he brakes are applied, bringing he car o res. Which of he following graphs bes shows he variaion wih ime of he acceleraion a of he car? A. a B. a C. a D. a 1
11 15. The graph shows he variaion wih ime of he acceleraion a of an objec a / ms / s The objec is a res a ime =. Which of he following is he velociy of he objec a ime = 6. s? A..5 m s 1. B. 2. m s 1. C. 36 m s 1. D. 72 m s 1. 11
12 16. The graph below shows he variaion wih ime of he acceleraion a of an objec from = o = T. a The shaded area under he graph represens change in A. displacemen. B. velociy. C. momenum. T D. kineic energy. 17. A sone is hrown horizonally from he op of a high cliff. Assuming air resisance is negligible, wha is he effec of graviaional force on he horizonal and on he verical componens of he velociy of he sone? Verical componen of velociy Horizonal componen of velociy A. increases o a consan value says consan B. increases coninuously says consan C. increases o a consan value decreases o zero D. increases coninuously decreases o zero 12
13 18. A ball is released from res near he surface of he Moon. Which one of he following quaniies increases a a consan rae? A. Only disance fallen B. Only speed C. Only speed and disance fallen D. Only speed and acceleraion 19. Peer and Susan boh sand on he edge of a verical cliff. V (Peer) V (Susan) Susan hrows a sone verically downwards and, a he same ime, Peer hrows a sone verically upwards. The speed V wih which boh sones are hrown is he same. Neglecing air resisance, which one of he following saemens is rue? A. The sone hrown by Susan will hi he sea wih a greaer speed han he sone hrown by Peer. B. Boh sones will hi he sea wih he same speed no maer wha he heigh of he cliff. C. In order o deermine which sone his he sea firs, he heigh of he cliff mus be known. Sea D. In order o deermine which sone his he sea firs boh he heigh of he cliff and he mass of each sone mus be known. 13
14 2. Two idenical meal spheres are held above he ground as shown. spheres (no o scale) ground The separaion beween hem is small compared o heir disance above he ground. When he spheres are released, he separaion of he spheres will A. remain consan. B. decrease coninuously. C. increase coninuously. D. increase iniially and hen remain consan. 21. Two sones, X and Y, of differen mass are dropped from he op of a cliff. Sone Y is dropped a shor ime afer sone X. Air resisance is negligible. Whils he sones are falling, he disance beween hem will A. decrease if he mass of Y is greaer han he mass of X. B. increase if he mass of X is greaer han he mass of Y. C. decrease wheher he mass of X is greaer or less han he mass of Y. D. increase wheher he mass of X is greaer or less han he mass of Y. 14
15 22. A sone X is hrown verically upwards wih speed v from he op of a building. A he same ime, a second sone Y is hrown verically downwards wih he same speed v as shown. v X Y v Building Air resisance is negligible. Which one of he following saemens is rue abou he speeds wih which he sones hi he ground a he base of he building? A. The speed of sone X is greaer han ha of sone Y. B. The speed of sone Y is greaer han ha of sone X. C. The speed of sone X is equal o ha of sone Y. D. Any saemen abou he speeds depends on he heigh of he building. 23. A small seel ball falls from res hrough a disance of 3 m. When calculaing he ime of fall, air resisance can be ignored because A. air is less dense han seel. B. air resisance increases wih he speed of he ball. C. he air is no moving. D. air resisance is much less han he weigh of he ball. 15
16 24. A seel sphere is dropped from res in oil. Which of he following graphs bes represens he variaion wih ime of he speed of he sphere? A. speed B. speed ime ime C. speed D. speed ime ime 16
17 25. A raindrop falling hrough air reaches a erminal velociy before hiing he ground. A erminal velociy, he fricional force on he raindrop is A. zero. B. less han he weigh of he raindrop. C. greaer han he weigh of he raindrop. D. equal o he weigh of he raindrop. 26. An objec is falling, in air, owards he Earh s surface. Wha changes occur in he acceleraion and in he velociy of he objec as i approaches erminal velociy? acceleraion velociy A. decreases o zero increases coninuously B. decreases o zero increases o a consan value C. consan increases o a consan value D. consan increases coninuously 17
18 27. The diagram below shows he pah of a projecile in he absence of air resisance. Verical posiion Horizonal posiion Which one of he following diagrams bes represens he pah of he projecile under he same iniial condiions when he air resisance is aken ino accoun? (The pah in absence of air resisance is shown for comparison as a doed line.) A. Verical B. posiion Verical posiion Horizonal posiion Horizonal posiion C. Verical D. posiion Verical posiion Horizonal posiion Horizonal posiion 18
19 28. A sailing boa is moving wih consan velociy v o he righ parallel o he dock. Sailor Hulo, up on he mas, drops his elescope a he momen he is opposie Lucie who is sanding on he dock. Which one of he following bes shows he pah of he falling elescope as seen by Lucie? A. B. C. D. 19
20 29. Juan is sanding on he plaform a a railway saion. A rain passes hrough he saion wih speed 2 m s 1 in he direcion shown measured relaive o he plaform. Carmen is walking along one of he carriages of he rain wih a speed of 2. m s 1 measured relaive o he carriage in he direcion shown. Velociy is measured as posiive in he direcion shown on he diagram. 2 ms 1 Carmen 2. ms 1 Juan plaform velociy measured as a posiive in his direcion The velociy of Carmen relaive o Juan is A. 22 m s 1. B. 18 m s 1. C. +18 m s 1. D. +22 m s 1. 2
21 3. A car is heading due Eas a a speed of 1 m s 1. A bird is flying due Norh a a speed of 4 m s 1, as shown below. N 4 m s 1 W S E Car 1 m s 1 Bird Which one of he following vecors represens he velociy of he bird relaive o a person in he car? A. B. C. D. 21
22 31. A ball of mass.25 kg is projeced verically upwards from he ground wih an iniial velociy of 3 m s 1. The acceleraion of free fall is 1 m s 2, bu air resisance canno be negleced. The graph below shows he variaion wih ime of he velociy v of his ball for he upward par of he moion. v / ms /s (a) Sae wha he area under he graph represens.... (b) Esimae he maximum heigh reached by he ball
23 (c) Deermine, for he ball a = 1. s, (i) he acceleraion; (3) (ii) he magniude of he force of air resisance (2) (d) Use he graph o explain, wihou any furher calculaions, ha he force of air resisance is decreasing in magniude as he ball moves upward (2) (e) The diagram below is a skech graph of he upward moion of he ball. Draw a line o indicae he downward moion of he ball. The line should indicae he moion from he maximum heigh of he ball unil jus before i his he ground. v / ms / s (2) 23
24 (f) Sae and explain, by reference o energy ransformaions, wheher he speed wih which he ball his he ground is equal o 3 m s (2) (g) Use your answer in (f) o sae and explain wheher he ball akes 2. s o move from is maximum heigh o he ground (2) (Toal 15 marks) 32. A police car P is saionary by he side of a road. A car S, exceeding he speed limi, passes he police car P a a consan speed of 18 m s 1. The police car P ses off o cach car S jus as car S passes he police car P. Car P acceleraes a 4.5 m s 2 for a ime of 6. s and hen coninues a consan speed. Car P akes a ime seconds o draw level wih car S. (a) (i) Sae an expression, in erms of, for he disance car S ravels in seconds.... (ii) Calculae he disance ravelled by he police car P during he firs 6. seconds of is moion (iii) Calculae he speed of he police car P afer i has compleed is acceleraion (iv) Sae an expression, in erms of, for he disance ravelled by he police car P during he ime ha i is ravelling a consan speed
25 (b) Using your answers o (a), deermine he oal ime aken for he police car P o draw level wih car S (2) (Toal 6 marks) 25
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