台灣苔蘚植物多樣性及研究現況 Diversity and Research Status of Bryophytes in Taiwan

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "台灣苔蘚植物多樣性及研究現況 Diversity and Research Status of Bryophytes in Taiwan"

Nancy Manning
5 years ago
Views:

1 台灣苔蘚植物多樣性及研究現況 Diversity and Research Status of Bryophytes in Taiwan 楊嘉棟特有生物研究保育中心蔣鎮宇國立成功大學生命科學系

2 Introduction The bryophytes include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Pohlia sp. Mylia Lunulania nuda cruciata Folioceros sp.

genera, about 390 species of hornworts in the world. (Crosby et al.

3 There are 159 families, 859 genera, about 12,800 species of mosses, 69 families, 370 genera, about 8,029 species of liverworts, and 3 families, 9 genera, about 390 species of hornworts in the world. (Crosby et al., 2000; Yano and Gradstein, 1997; Schofield, 1985 ) Riccia fluitans Ricciocarpos natans

Bryophytes Diversity in Taiwan There are

4 Bryophytes Diversity in Taiwan There are 66 families, 261 genera, about 872 species of mosses, and 42 families, 121 genera, about 487 species of liverworts and hornworts recorded from Taiwan. (Chiang et al., 2001;Higuchi and Lin, 2004; Lin, 2000a)

5 Taiwan Table 1. Comparison of species diversity and density of bryophytes in Taiwan and other regions Area ( 1,000 km 2 ) 36 Genera 382 Species 1,359 Density (Species/1,000 km 2 ) China 9, , Japan , North America 19, , Britain , ( 曹同等, 2000; BFNA*, 2008; Chaing et al., 2001; Higuchi and Lin, 2004; Iwatsuki, 2004; Lin, 2000a; Paton, 1999; Piippo,1990; Redfearn et al., 1996; Smith, 2006; Yamada and Iwatsuki, 2006)

6 Endemism Although Taiwan s bryophyte flora is rich, but the rate of endemism is quite low. In Taiwan Mosses about 7 % endemic Liverworts about 8 % endemic (Higuchi and Lin, 2004; Lin, 2000a)

7 Phytogeographical Affinities The proportion of bryophytes floristic elements occurring in Taiwan: East Asiatic 35% Palaeotropical 24% Circumboreal 13% Endemic 7% Cosmopolitan 5% East Asiatic-N. American 3% Other 13% (Chiang, 1998a; Higuchi and Lin, 2004; Lin, 2000a)

8 Brief History of Bryophytes Research in Taiwan Cardot (1905) Mousses de I île Formose Stephani ( ) Species Hepaticarum Sawada (1914) Mosses of Formosa Sasaoka (1928) A list of Taiwan mosses Ihsiba (1935) Index Muscorum Formosarum Noguchi ( ) Contributions to the moss flora of Formosa Horikawa (1934) Monographia Hepaticarum Australi-Japonicarum

9 Brief History of Bryophytes Research in Taiwan Other important researcher: Herzog (1955), Wang ( ), Nakanishi (1963), Iwatsuki & Sharp (1965), Inoue ( ), Ando (1968), Chung (1973), Lai (1976), Lin (1970-), Chiang (1981-)

10 Historical Summary The earliest survey of bryophytes of Taiwan: Richard Oldham in Most of the floristic studies were made by Japanese bryologists, such as Y. Horikawa and A. Noguchi. Since 1960, the Taiwanese bryologists have started to collect and study bryophytes.

11 Current Status of Herbaria Tunghau University (TUNG): 40,000 specimens, mostly collected by Dr. S. H. Lin Taiwan University (TAI): 36,000 specimens National Museum of Natural Science (TNM): 15,000 specimens Cheng-Kung University (NCKU): 10,000 specimens Taiwan Museum (TAIM): 1,800 specimens, mostly collected by Dr. C. K. Wang Academia Sinica (HAST): 1,000 specimens Endemic Species Research Institute (TAIE): 6,000 specimens

12 Research Status

13 Bryophytes Inventory I have started to promote the bryophytes inventory in Taiwan since It is fully supported and sponsored by Endemic Species Research Institute and Council of Agriculture.

14 Aims of the Project inventory and specimen collection of Taiwan s bryophytes reveal more species previously never recorded in Taiwan providing information on habitat, ecology and distribution establish database of bryophytes

15 Work Schedule 2005~2006 Central Taiwan 2007 Hualien County 2008~2009 Southern Taiwan 2010~2011 Northern Taiwan 2012 The other Islets of Taiwan

16 Preliminary results collected about 6,000 specimens established the framework of bryophytes database established the oilbody data of liverworts

18 oil-bodies or/and oilcelli Cheilolejeunea ventricosa (Yang 3434) Trocholejeunea sandvicensis (Yang 3306) Leptolejeunea elliptica (Yang 3394) Diplaciolejeunea cavifolia (Yang 3440)

19 Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata Steph.

20 Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn Distribution of the genus Pycnolejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn. ( ) and Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata Steph. ( ). Modified from He (1999).

21 Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata (Yang 3832)

22 Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata (Yang 3832)

23 Pycnolejeunea grandiocellata (Yang 3832)

24 Liverworts and Hornworts Flora of Taiwan support by National Science Council (NSC B ) to compile the liverworts and hornworts flora of Taiwan in three years work schedule first year: Lejeuneaceae second year: other leafy liverworts third year: thalloid liverworts

25 Lejeuneaceae in Taiwan 27 genera and 123 species, dominating about 25% of Taiwan liverworts ( Kuo & Chiang, 1988; Lin, 2000; Mizutani, 1961; Piippo, 1990; Yamada & Iwatsuki, 2006; Zhu & So, 1998, 2000, 2001) Cololejeunea spinosa Cololejeunea ceratilobula Tuyamaella molischii

26 Leptolejeunea foliicola (Yang 1405)

27 Cheilolejeunea falsinervis (Sande Lac.) Kachr. & Schust. All drawn from Yang 4610i.

28 Cheilolejeunea falsinervis (Sande Lac.) Kachr. & Schust. Specimen examined : Taipei: Fushan, Ha-pen Trail, Nan-shi Stream watershed, near the 4.5 km trail marker, mixed hardwood forest, epiphyllous, on fern (Diplazium dilatatum Blume) leaves surface, 500 m alt., Sep. 14, 2007, Yang 4610i (TAIE). Distribution: Java, Sumatra Borneo, New Guinea, Ryukyu (Ishigaki, Iriomote) and Taiwan.

29 Lejeunea bidentula Herz. All drawn from Yang 4123i

30 Lejeunea bidentula Herz. Specimens examined : Nantou: Ren-ai, near the Dayuling, 820 Forest Trail 0 km +100 m, epiphyllous, on dried fern [Diplopterygium glaucum (Houtt.) Nakai] leaves surface, ca. 2,500 m alt., Aug. 16, 2007, Yang 4123i (TAIE). Chiayi: Alishan, Alishan railroad Mian-yue branch 8 km, epiphyllous, on fern (Thelypteris sp.) leaves, ca. 2,300 m alt., Mar. 11, 2008, Yang 4964g (TAIE).

31 Lejeunea bidentula Herz. Distribution: India (Mizutani, 1971), Nepal (Mizutani, 1971), China (Yunnan, Herzog, 1930) and Taiwan.

32 Leptolejeunea picta Herz. All drawn from Yang 4734g

33 Leptolejeunea picta Herz. rhizoid disc

34 Leptolejeunea picta Herz. Specimens examined : Hualien: Yuli, Chikeshan, near the Fute Temple, creek bank, mixed hardwood forest, epiphyllous, on leaves of fern [Osmunda banksiifolia (Presl) Kuhn], ca. 850 m alt., Yang 4734g, 4735f (TAIE). Distribution: Indo-China, Sumatra, Borneo, New Guinea, Ryukyu and Taiwan.

35 Future Works completing the bryoflora of Taiwan in the immediate future conducting a continuing inventory program enhancing the training of young bryologists encouraging international collaboration

36 Thanks for your attention Pohlia sp.

Biology Department, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, China

Biology Department, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, China Zhu Bot. and Bull. So Acad. Cololejeunea Sin. (1998) 39: species 125 130 new to Taiwan 125 Two epiphyllous liverworts, Cololejeunea dozyana (Sande Lac.) Schiffn. and Cololejeunea sigmoidea Jovet-Ast &