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... FUn-t m-dn-b tbip-hns ]co- -Iƒ \ap p Xcp ]mtw tbip ]nimnn-\m ]co- n- -s - p. F{XtØmfw? DØcw: \ap- p-xp-ey-ambn, k -Øn-epw (F{_m-b 4:15). tbiphns Cu ]co- -I-fpsS kw n-]vx-hn-hcww aøm-bnbpw eqt mkpw Ah-cpsS kphn-ti-j-ß-fpss \memw A ym-b-øn IrXy-ambn \ In-bn- p- v(-a-ømbn4:1 11; eqt m.4:1 13). hnizm-kn v C p t\cn-ts- n-h-cp {]tem-`-\-ßfpsssb mw {]mxn-\n[yw hln- p aq p ]co- -I-fmWp tbip- hn\p t\sc ]co- -I sim p-h- -Xv. H m-axp hni- n-cn- p-tºmƒ I v A -am n ` n- p-hm-\p {]tem-`-\w. A p-x-{]-hr-øn-iƒ snøp-hm-\p Xs Ignhv Ft mgpw tbip a p- -h p-th- n-bmwv D]-tbm-Kn- -Xv. AXm-bncp p ]nxm-hns lnx-hpw. F m ChnsS B Ignhv kzm -X- bv mbn D]-tbm-Kn- m\pw Aßs\ ]nxm-hns lnx-øn \n p hgp-xnt miphm-\p-ap- -Xm-bn-cp p BZy ]co-. ChnsS Hcp Imcyw {i n-t - -Xp v: {]IS-ambn \ymb-amb Hcp Imcyw snøm-\mwp ]co- -I Bh-iy-s - -Xv. hni- vi-an- n- p- -Xn sxs m- p-an- ;- th- -Xm-Wv. XnI pw \ymb-amb Hcp Imcyw. ]t \ymb-amb BhiysØ A\ym-b-amb am -Øn-eqsS Xr]vXn-s -Sp-Øp-hm-\mWp kmøm Bh-iy-s -Sp- -Xv. ]t tbip AXn\p hgn-s - n-. kz w Bh-iysØ sszh-ln-x-øn\pw D]-cn-bmbn {]Xn-jvTn- m- \p {]tem-`\w. tbip AXn\p hn -Ω-Xn- p. eqt m-kns kphn-ti-j-øn c m-asø ]co- -bmbn hnhcn- n-cn- p- Xp temi-ønse ki-e-a-l-xzhpw W-t\-c-Øn-\p- n ImWn- n v "howv Fs \a-kvi-cn- m AsX mw \nt -XmIpw' F ]nim-nns {]tem-`-\-am-wv. H m-asø ]co Hcp-hs D n Xs bp XrjvW-Isf A\ym-b-amb am -Øn-eqsS Xr]vXns -Sp-Øm-\p- -Xm-bn-cp-s - n c m-asø ]co Ah\p ]pd- Øp BI j-w-ßsf kz -am n t\ -ap- m- m-\p Xmbn-cp- p. F m CXn\pw tbip Xøm-dm-bn-. aq m-asø ]co- -bn kmøm tbip-hns\ sbcp-i-te-an-te p Iq n-s m- p-t]mbn sszhm-e-b-øns A{K-Øn-t \n Øn AhnsS \n p \nc-]mbw Xmtg- p-nmsn Hc- pxw {]h Øn- p-hm- \mwv Bh-iy-s -Sp- -Xv. CXnse "sbcp-i-tew, "sszhm-e-b-øns A{K-Øn-t \n p NmSpI' F o kqn-\-i-sf mw \ Ip- Xv CXp ax-tem-i-hp-ambn _ -s Hcp ]co- -bm-sw- -Xm-Wv. Bflo-b-tem-IØv Hc- pxw {]h Øn v sszh-]p-{x-\m-sw p sxfn- 3

... bn v Bfp-I-fpsS IÆn\p ap ]n Hcp henb Bfm-Im-\p kzb- Øns Hfn- n-cn- p Xm ]-cysø Xr]vXn-s -Sp-Øm-\p W-am-bn-cp p CXv. F m AXp sszh-ln-x-øn\v FXn-cmsW p a\- n-em n tbip B {]tem-`-\-øn\pw hg-ßn-bn-. Cu aq p ]co- -I-fp-sSbpw XpS bpw Ah-bpsS h [n phcp Xo{h-Xbpw {i n- pi: BZy ]co hy n-]-c-amb Hcp Xe-Ønem-bn-cp-s - n c m-a-tøxp hy nbpw ]pdw-tem-ihpw XΩn _ -s - -Xm-bn-cp- p. aq m-a-tø-xm-is hnizm-k-tem-iøp sszhlnxhncp- -amb t\ -ßƒ Iøm-fp- -Xp-ambn _ -s - -Xpw. Cu aq p ]co- -Ifpw tbip-hn-\p-xm-c-x-tay\ Ffp- -am-bn-cp p F mtwm \mw Nn n- p- Xv?. F m Aß-s\-bm-bn-cp- n-. ` - W-hp-ambn _ -s BZysØ ]co- -bmwp kmøm BZ-ans t\scbpw {]tbm-kn- -Xv. (D ] 3:1 6). F m BZna a\p-jy B H m-asø ]co- -bpss ap ]n Xs txm p-t]m-bn. CtXk-a-bw, H m-asø BZw- txm- n-søv HSp- sø BZ-amb tbip Xm ]q W a\-kvi-\m-b-xp-sim- mwp Pbm-fn-bm-b-Xv. tbip-hns H m-asø ]co- -bnse Pbw \ap p \ Ip ap -dn-bn v Fs - m-amwv? H v: sszh-ln-x-øn\v D]-cn- hy- n-]-c-amb Xm ]-cy-ßsf {]Xn-jvTn- -cpxv. c v: \ymb-amb Bh-iy-ß-sf-t]mepw A\ym-bamb am -Øn-eqsS Xr]vXn-s -Sp-Ø-cp-Xv. c m-asø ]co- bpw Ffp- -am-bn-cp- n-. hy n-]-c-amb a\pjy-po-hn-x-hp-ambn _ -s Xmc-X-tay\ EPp-hmb H m-asø ]co- -bn \n p `n -ambn c m-asø ]co A ]wiqsn k o Wam-bn-cp- p. temi-ønse ki-e-cm-py-ß-sfbpw W-t\-c-Øn tbip-hns\ ImWn- n v kmøm ]d-bp- Xv ""Cu A[n-Imcw Hs bpw AXns al-xzhpw \n\- p-x-cmw. AXv F Gev]n- n-cn- p- p. F\n p a\- p- -h\p Rm simsp- p p'' F m- Wv. BZ-an\p ap ]p ImeØp sszhw eqkn-^-dns\ B Ime- Øns A[n-]-\mbn Ccp-Øn-bn-cp p (sbml28:13,14). temi-øns A[n-Im-chpw al-xzhpw Ah-\n \n n-]vx-am-bn-cp- p. tbml- m 12:31 se tbip-hns hm p-ifpw CXns\ ÿnco-i-cn- p- p. a - cn v Ah sszh-øns FXn-cm-fn-bm-bn-Xo -t mƒ eqkn-^-dns\ in n-s - nepw (sb-i.14:12 15) Ah-\p ]q W-\ym-b-hn[n bpkm- y-øn-em-wt m kw`-hn- p- Xv (sh-fn.20: 7 10). AXp-hsc temicm-py-ß-fpss ta Ah\v A[n-Im-chpw B[n-]-Xyhpw Ds pw AXp tbip-hn\p \ Im-sa- p-am-bn-cp p Ahs hmkvzm\w. tbip AXp ]q W-ambn \nc-kn- p.- F- m A y-im-eøv FXn {InkvXp Cu hmkvzm\w kk-t mjw kzoi-cn v apgp-h temi-øn-t bpw Bcm-[\ kmøm-t\m-ssm w ] n-sp- -Xmbn \mw ImWp p (sh-fn- msv 13:4). CXp \ap p \ Ip ]mtw tijw t]pv 40 4

... ktµiw tbip-hns ]co- -Iƒ \ΩpsS Hm -Øn\v D mlw kmiv ]p ""F nepw F\n p em`-am-bn-cp- -sxm-s bpw Rm -{InkvXp \nanøw tnxw F v FÆn-bn-cn- p- p. A{X-bp-a-. Fs I Ømhmb {InkvXp-tb-ip-hn-s\- p-dn- p ]cn- m-\-øns t{ijvtx \nanøw Rm Ct mgpw F mw tnxw F v FÆp- p. Rm {InkvXp-hns\ t\ts- -Xn-\pw, \ymb-{]-am-w- Øn \n- p Fs kz \oxnb-. {InkvXp-hn- -ep hnizmkw aqew sszhw hniz-kn- p- -h p \ Ip \oxn Xs e`n- n v Ah-\n Ccn-t - -Xn\pw Ahs ac-w-tømsv A\p-cq-]-s - KpkvXn- m-c ]e-cp-ambn KpkvXn ]nsn p \nc- -c-hym-bm-a-øn Xs - Øm ]cn-io-en- n-t - -Xm-h-iy-amWv. AXp-t]mse ]co- -I-fn \n p \mw Hgn-hm- -s - m \ΩpsS Bflo-b-i n Hcn- epw hf Ønsb-Sp- m Ign-bp-I-bn-. 5

... c sb \c-im- n-bn \n p c -s]-sp- -Xn-\p Hcp C jpd kv t]mfn-kn-bmbn IW- m- p- Xv Bflo-binip-Xz-Øns AS-bm-f-am- Wv. Bflo-b-ambn hf {]m]n- p-tºmƒ \ap- mbn Hcp- n-bn-cn- p ]mx-bn \mw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw A\p- Zn\w \S-t - -Xn-\m-sW p a\- n-em- p p. \ΩpsS Pohn-X-sØ- p-dn- p Ahs CjvSw \nd-th- phm ka n- m-ø-h-cm-bncn- p-s - n, \mw F{X Xs kphn-ti-j-hn-ln-x-cmbn-cp- mepw sszh-øn-\pth n Fs - nepw ÿnc-aqey-ap- Xp snøp-hm IgnbmsX PohnXw hn p-t]m-ti- n-h-cpw. n v Ah-s\bpw Ahs ]p\-cp- m-\-øns i n-sbbpw Ahs IjvSm-\p-`-h-ß-fpsS Iq mbvabpw A\p-`-hn- -dn-tb- -Xn\pw Cßs\ h hnt[-\bpw acn- -hcpss CS-bn \n- p ]p\-cp- m\w {]m]n-t Ww F pw h pw Rm Ahs \nanøw F mw Dt]- n p Nhdv F v FÆp- p. e`n- p-i-gn psht m XnI- -h-\mbn Ft m A, Rm {InkvXp-tb-ip-hn-\m ]nsn- -s - n-cn- p- -Xp-sIm v AXv F\n pw ]nsn- mtam F p-h p ]n Xp-S-cp- -tx-bp- q. ktlm-z-c- mtc, Rm ]nsn- n-cn- p p F p \ncq-]n- p- n-. Rm H p snøp p; ]nºn-ep- Xp ad pw apºn-ep- -Xn\v B pw-sim p {Ink-Xp-tb-ip-hn sszh-øns ]c-a-hn-fn-bpss hncp-xn-\mbn em nte v HmSp p'' (^n-en. 3:7-14). ]usemkv At m-kvx-es Cu hm p-iƒ {InkvXob ]mx-bnte p ]mzw h n-d-ßp Hcp bphkm-l-kn-is hm p-i-f-s p \ap v H m-a-xmbn A\p-kva-cn- mw. Hcp ]Iz-X-bn-se-Ønb hnizmkn-bpss kar- hpw ]q Æ-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øns A y-ønse km y-am-wn-xv. ]usem-kns am\-km- -c-øn-\p-tijw ap Xp h jw Ign- n- p- v. Cu Ime-ßfn-se mw AZv`p-X-ß-fmepw AS-bmf-ß-fmepw Ahs ip{iq-jbv p km n \n p-sim v At\Iw k`-iƒ ÿm]n- p- -Xn\p sszhw Ahs\ D]-tbm-Kn- n-cp- p. kphnti-j-th-e-bn BZyw apx ]usemkv hfsc Zqcw bm{x snbvxp hfsc IjvS- m-sp-iƒ A\p-`-hn p kzbw \n t m-]ambn sne-h-gn- n-cp- p. {InkvXm-\p-cq-]- ambn Ah hf -txmss ]m]- Øn-t -ep hnp-b-øns bmym yw A\p-`-hn- n-cp- p. A\-h[n Bflo-b-k-t m-j-ßfpss Iq -Øn Ah tcj-s -Sp- Øn-bn-cn- p- -Xp-t]mse aq mw kz -tømfw FSp-Øp-sIm- -s - p. t{ijvt-amb Bflo-b-k-Xy-ßfpsS shfn- m-sp-iƒ e`n p F \nkvxp-eym-\p-`-hhpw Ah-\p- mbn. F nepw CXns F mw HSphn Ah {]kvxm-hn- p- Xp Xs Pohn-X-Øn sszhw-x-\n- pth n Dt±-in- n-cp- -sx mw 6

... C\nbpw {]m]n- n F m-wv. F m-e-øp-ap- m-bn- p- -Xnepw AXn-t{i-jvT-\mb Hcp hnizmkn ChnsS Pohn-Xm- y-tøm-s-spø ka-b-øv, Xm C\nbpw D -X-e- y-ß-fn-te p apt -td nbncn- p- p-sh p ]d-bp-i-bm-wv. ]cn- Xm-]-I-c-sa p ]d-b-s, At\Iw hnizm-kn-isf kw_- n- n-stømfw c -sb- Xp ]pxp-p-\-\- Ønepw AXns ^e-ambn sszhn- Im-\ym-b-hn-[n-bn \n- p hnsp-xenepw Bcw-`n v Ahn-sS-Øs Ah-km-\n- p- p. ]t At mkvx-es Imcy-Øn Aß-s\- b ; Ah-s\-t mse {InkvXphns Hcp bym injy-\m-bncn- m B{K-ln- p GsXmcmfpsSbpw A\p-`-h-Ønepw c Aß-s\-b-. {InkvXp Xs Hcp Dt±-iy-tØm-Sp-IqsS ]nsn p F p ]q Æ hnizmkw Cu `mkøv Ah {]Jym-]n- p- p. Xs `mk-øp-\n v F p hne simspøpw B Dt±-iysØ apdpsi- n-sn- p-hm Ah Xocp-am-\n- n-cp- p. I Ømhp \ΩpsS Bflm- sf \c-im- n-bn \n p c n p kz -Øn-em- pi F e y-sø- mƒ F{Xtbm D -Xamb Dt±-iy-tØm-Sp-Iq-sS-bmWp \sω hnfn- p- -Xv F p- Xv G hpw hepxpw Kuc-h-hp-amb Hcp kxy-am-wv. At m-kvx-e-\mb ]usem-kn-s\-t mse ]Iz-a-Xnbmb Hcp a\p-jy ap -Xph jsø A o-w-{in-kvxo-btk-h-\-øn\ptijw Xs - p-dn- p ]q Æ-ssZ-thm-t±iyw CXph-scbpw {]m]n- n-s - pw, C\nbpw AXn-\mbn A[zm-\n- -W-sa pw P\-ßsf I Øm-hmb tbip-{in-kvxp-hn-ep sszh-ir-]-sb- p-dn v A - cm- n-øo Øv Fß-s\-sb- nepw c -bpss A\p-`-h- Øn-te p hcmsx Ahsc XS- -s -Sp-Øp-I F p- Xp Xo -bmbpw ]nim- Nns H m-asø e yamwv. F m AXn Ah Pbn- p- n-s - n ]n osv Ahs e yw ]pxnb hnizm-kn-bpss Pohn- X-sØ- p-dn p sszh-øn\p \n n-x-amb Hcp Dt±iyw Ds - p- -Xn-s\- p-dn p hnizm-knsb A -\m- pi F p- -Xm-Wv. ]d-bp- p-sh- n B Dt±iyw F{X hnim-e-am-bn-cn- Ww! Cu `mkøp ]usemkv C\nbpw aptºm p t]mip- p- v. Xs kw_- n- n-s-tømfw sszthm-t±iyw {Kln v AXp \ndth- p- -Xp-ambn Xmc-X-ays Sp-Øptºmƒ temiw hne-tb-dn-b-xmbn Icp-Xp- -sxm-s bpw tihew hne-bn- mø N pw Nh-dp-am-Wv. temi-øn-ep- -sxm-s bpw hn p-if-b-ø- -hæw hne-tb-dnb H mbn CXns\ Ah IW- m- p p (14- mw hmiyw). \mw Np pw t\m p-tºmƒ hnizm-kn-iƒ euin- I-k-ºm-Zy-ßƒ B{K-ln- v, hkvxph-i-i-fn ] n- n-sn p sszh-im-cyß-sf- mƒ Ahbv p Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn IqSp-X ÿm\w 7

... I - m Zcn-{Z-cpsS `h-s\- sø- mƒ A[n-I-ambn [\n- I-cpsS `h-\-ßƒ sim -snøp- -Xp-t]mse kmøm Xs Aºp-Iƒ p e y-am- p- Xp PUn-I-sc- mƒ A[nIw Bflo-b-sc-bm-Wv. Aßs\ \mw Bflo-b]Iz-Xbn hf-cp-t mdpw Hmtcm Nhn- -Sn-bnepw t]mcm w D{Kam-Ip- p- v. sszhw \sω ]nsn- n-cn- p- -Xns Dt±-iysØ \mw {]m]-n -W-sa- n sszhtøm-sp-iqss \S- p-hm \mw ]Tn- -Ww. simsp- p- Xp ImWp-tºmƒ AhcpsS {InkvXym-\nXzw ]usemkns {InkvXym-\n-Xz-Øn \n v F{X hyxy-kvx-sa p \mw Nn n- p-t]m-ipw. c sb \c-im- n-bn \n p c -s]-sp- -Xn-\p Hcp C jpd kv t]mfn-kn-bmbn IW- m- p- Xv Bflo-b-inipXz- Øns AS-bm-f-am-Wv. Bflo-bambn hf {]m]n- p-tºmƒ sszhw \sω hos -Sp-Øn-cn- p- Xp \nxyx apx \ap- mbn Hcp- n-bn-cn- p ]mx-bn \mw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw A\p-Zn\w \S-t - -Xn-\m-sW p a\- n-em- p p (F-t^. 2:10). Xs Pohn-X-sØ- p-dn- p sszthm-t±-iy-sa p ]usemkv hnfn- Xv Cu ]mx-sbbm-wv. sszh-ir] {]m]n- -Xn \mw kwxr-]vx-cm-bn, \ΩpsS Pohn- X-sØ- p-dn- p Ahs CjvSw \nd-th- p-hm ka n- m-ø-h-cmbn-cn- p-s - n, \mw F{X Xs kphn-ti-j-hn-ln-x-cm-bn-cp- mepw sszh-øn-\p-th n Fs - nepw ÿnc-aq-ey-ap- Xp snøp-hm IgnbmsX PohnXw hn p-t]m-ti- n-hcpw. P\-ßsf I Øm-hmb tbip- {In-kvXp-hn-ep sszh-ir-]-sb- pdn v A -cm- n-øo Øv Fß-s\- sb- nepw c -bpss A\p-`-h-Ønte p hcmsx Ahsc XS- -s - Sp-Øp-I. F p- Xp Xo -bmbpw ]nim-nns H m-asø e yamwv (2 simcn.4:4). F m AXn Ah Pbn- p- n-s - n ]n osv Ahs e yw ]pxnb hnizm-kn-bpss Pohn-X-sØ- p-dn p sszh-øn\p \n n-x-amb Hcp Dt±iyw Ds - p- -Xn-s\- p-dn p hnizm-knsb A -\m- pi F p- -Xm-Wv. Ah CXn Ht sd hnp-bn- n- p- v. Xß-fpsS Pohn-X- Ønse kp{]-[m\ Xocp-am-\-ßfn t]mepw sszthjvsw Imcyambn At\z-jn- mø Bbn-c- - W- n\p hnizm-kn-i-fp- v. ^nen- y-te-j-\-øns Cu `mkøp {InkvXob Pohn-X-sØ- p-dn p simsp-øn-cn- p Nn{Xw \nc- -c-ambn apt -td- p H v F \ne-bn-em-wv. Cu temiøn h p {]m]-n m Ignbp bmsxmcp \ne-hm-c-øn-ep Bflob-]-Iz-Xbpw \nc- -c-amb Cu apt - -a-t\m-`m-h-øn \n p \sω tamnn- n- p-hm axn-bm-ibn-. At\-I-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Cu ]mtw Ah-Wn- -Xn-\m-emWv Ah p Pohn- p km y-an- m- Ø-Xv. `qx-im-e-øn-set m Hcp kphn-ti-j-tbm-k-øn ssi 8

... Db Øn-b-tXm, As - n Hcp Xocp-am-\- m Up ]qcn- n- txm Bb A\p-`hw am{x-amwv AhcpsS GI-km yw. AXp Xo bmbpw AZv`p-X-I-c-am-bn-cn- p- p; ]t AXn-\p-tijw H pw \S- n- n! c -bpss A\p-`-h-Øn-\ptijw Ae-k-\m-bn-cn- p- -hs Ahÿ kzy. 24:30-34 h Æn- n- p Dt]- n- -s txm Øns Nn{Xw t]mse-bm-wv. Hcp txm -Øn If-Ifpw ]mgvsn- Sn-Ifpw Ib-dmsX kq n- -W-sa- n AXns\ \nc- -c-ambn ip{iqjn- p-ibpw At\z-jn- p-ibpw sntø- -Xm-Wv. a\p-jym-flm-hns\bpw Aßs\ kq n-t - -Xm- Wv. tpm sh n-bmwv F p txm p- p, BZy sax-unãv km y-tbm-k-ß-fn Hcm-gvN-bn IqSp-X ]g- -ap km y-ßƒ Bcpw ]db-cpsx p \nb-a-ap- m nb-xv. Ign Ggp Znh-kß-fn Xß-tfmSp I Ømhv CSs]- -Xn-s\- p-dn p ]d-bp-hm C m- Ø-h-sc mw kzbw ]n m- - msc p Icp-tX- n-bn-cp- p. \Ωn F{X-t] v Cu ]cn-tim-[-\-bn \nh p \n p-hm Ignbpw? Aßs\ \n_- -\-bp Hcp tbmk-øn \mw hmaqsn im cmbn Ccn-t - n-h-cptam? 13, 14 hmiy-ß-fn ]usemkns hm p-iƒ {i n- pi: ""H p Rm snøp p; ]n n-ep- Xp ad pw apºn-ep- -Xn\v B pw-sim p {InkvXp-tb-iphn sszh-øns ]cahnfn-bpss hncp-xn-\mbn em n-te v HmSp- p.'' Hcp hnizm-kn-bpss ap K-W-\-Ifn HscÆw IqsS \mw ChnsS ImWp- p. sszthm-t±iyw a\- n- em n AXp {]m]n- m HmSp- Xv Bflo-b\v Hgn-hm- m-hp H -. adn v Hmtcm bym sszh-hss]-x-en-s bpw PohnXw Xs Aß-s\-bm-bn-cn- -Ww. Cu hnjbw aq p ho -W-tIm- W-ß-fn \n p \ap p Nn n- mw. H m-a-xv, sszh-øns ]q tæm-t±-iy-øn-te p apt -dp- -Xn \n p \sω XS- -s -Sp- Øm-hp kwk-xn-isf pdn p Nn n- mw. c m-a-xmbn, apt -dp- -Xn-\mbn \sω klm-bn- mhp i nsb n; HSp-hn-em-bn. Aßs\ apt -dm \ΩpsS Pohn- Xm yw hsc \sω klm-bn- p at\m-`m-h-sø- - nbpw Nn n- mw. \sω XS- -s -Sp-Øm-hp kwk-xn-iƒ sszhw bn{km-tb-eysc an{k-boan \n p hnsp-hn- -t mƒ I\m tzi-tø- p Ah-cpsS bm{x-bn acp-`q-an-bn qss Hcp ]mx \n t±-in- n-cp- p. Hmtcm Znh-khpw A n-kvxw-`-søbpw tal-kvxw-`søbpw ]n Xp-S-cp-tºmƒ am{xta B ]mx Ah p Xncn- -dn-bp-hm Ign- n-cp- p- q. hos -Sp- -s - -Xmb Hmtcm sszhss]-x-en-\p-th- nbpw sszhw \n Æ-bn- n- p Hcp ]mx-bp- v. sszhw \sω ]nsn- n-cn- p- -Xns Dt±-iysØ \mw {]m]-n -W-sa- n sszh-tøm-sp-iqss \S- phm \mw ]Tn- -Ww. ChnsSbmWp i{xp-hn \n p \ΩpsS Hmtcm Nhn- -Sn-bnepw FXn p- m-ip- -Xv. I - m Zcn- 9

... {Z-cpsS `h-s\-sø- mƒ A[n-Iambn [\n-i-cpss `h-\-ßƒ sim -sn-øp- -Xp-t]mse kmøm Xs Aºp-Iƒ p e y-am- p- Xp PUn-I-sc- mƒ A[nIw Bflo-b-sc-bm-Wv. Aßs\ \mw Bflo-b]Iz-X-bn hf-cp-t mdpw Hmtcm Nhn- -Sn-bnepw t]mcm w D{Kam-Ip- p- v. sszthjvsw ]q Æ-ambn \nd-th- p-hm apt -dp hnizm-knsb XS- -s -Sp-Øp- -Xn\p {ian- p i n-iƒ ]e-xm-wv: temihpw AXn-t -Xmb ]e BI j-w-ßfpw, PUhpw AXns Aip- -taml-ß-fpw, ]nim-npw Ahs Iuitem-]m-b-ßfpw. hnizm-kn-bpss Bflo-b-h-f -bn Ch XS- -ßfm-sW- n F p-sim- m-wp sszhw Ahsb Hgn-hm- m-øxv? As - n hnizm-knsb AXn \n p kwc- n- p-i-sb- nepw snøm-øxv? \mw AZv`p-Xs -t - mw. \q m- p-i-fmbn At\Iw lrz-b-ßsf Ipg- n-bn- p Hcp {]iv\-am-wn-xv. Cu i n-iƒ D m-bn-cn- p-hm A\ph-Zn kz o-b-]n-xmhp \sω F m-h-sc- mfpw _p n-am-\msw v ChnsS Adn- m axnbm-ipw. \ΩpsS Bflo-b-i n ]Sp-Øp-b ØpI F -Xm-bncn mw Hcp apjy Imc-Ww. `uxn- I-tem-I-Øn \ΩpsS amwk-t]-in- Iƒ i n-s SpØp- -Xn\p hymbm-a-øn qsn am{xta km[n- q. hymbm-a-an-s - n \ΩpsS amwk-t]-in-iƒ arzphpw _e-lo- \-hp-am-bn-cn- pw. a -bp- -Øn\v Hcpßp KpkvXn- m-c a p ]e-cpambn KpkvXn ]nsn p \nc- -c-hymbm-a-øn Xs -Øm ]cn-io-en- n-t - -Xm-h-iy-amWv. AXpt]mse temi-øn-s bpw PU-Øns bpw ]nim-nn-s bpw ]co- -Ifn \n p \mw Hgn-hm- -s - m \ΩpsS Bflo-b-i n Hcn- epw hf Øn-sb-Sp- m Ign-bp-I-bn-. \ap v Hmtcm-cp-Ø pw t\cn- Sp ]co- -Ifm tbip-{inkvxp Xs bpw ]co- n- -s p F p- Xp \sω Biz-kn- n-t - - XmWv (F-{_m. 4:15). Ah "]cnip- m-flm-hn-\m \nd-b-s - -h- \mbn' acp-`q-an-bn-te p t]msb pw ]co- -Iƒ p-tijw "B flm-hns i n-tbmss' as-ßnsb pw eqt m-kns kphn-ti-j- Øn hmbn- p p (eq-t m. 4:1,14). a\p-jy p t\cn-sp ]co- - Isf Ah Pbn- Xv Hcp a\p-jys\ \ne-bn Ah-s\bpw i o- I-cn- p. ]co- -I-fp-sS-ta hnp-bn- m \mapw i o-i-cn- -s -Sp-Ibnt? {InkvXo-b-]p-kvX-I-ßƒ hmbn- p-ibpw Bflo-b-tbm-K-ßfn kw_- n- p-ibpw snøp- - Xp-sIm- p-am{xw Bflo-b-ambn i n {]m]n- p-hm Ign-bp-sa p \mw Hcn- epw hnnm-cn- -cp-xv. Ch ` Ww Ign- p- -Xn-t\mSp ka-am- Wv. F m \mw i -cm-bn-øo-c- W-sa- n ` -W-tØm-Sp-IqsS hymbm-ahpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. CXpsIm- p-x-s -bmwv Bfp-I-fp-ambp kº -Øn \n p amdn GIm- -amb {InkvXo-b-Po-hnXw \bn- p- -h Bfln-I-a- - m-cm-im- Xn-cn- p- -Xv. (Xp-S-cpw) 10

... Nn bv v Xmgva-bpsS bym A w Gen-bmkv Akvem-Ivk c -bpss ASn-ÿm\ \nbaw Xmgva-bm-sW p hfsc h j-ßfmbn Rm ]Tn- n- p- p. ]t Xmgvasb kw_- n v F\n v e`n- n- p shfn w ASpØ Ime- Ømbn ]Xn- -Sßp h n- n- p- v. c -bpss {]my-an-ihpw ASn-ÿm- \-]-c-hp-amb \nbaw F -Xn-\- pdøv Xmgvasb F m-sa- m-ambn Rm C p ImWp- p. ki-ehpw Xmgvasb B{i-bn- m- Wn-cn- p- -Xv. sszhw CXp hfsc hy -ambn Fgp-Xn-bn- p- v. bmt m-_n-s bpw ]t{xm-knt bpw tej-\-ß-fn C mcyw ]Zm-\p-]Zw Htc-t]m-se-bmWp tcjs -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p- -Xv. "sszhw Xmgva-bp- -h p Ir] \evip- p.' sszh-amwv CXp snøp- -Xv. Pohs Cu \nbaw \Ωƒ ewln- mepw sszh-øn\p ewln- m Ign-bp-I-bn-. ""sszhw Xmgva-bp- -h p Ir] \evip p'' F p am{x-a Cu hmiyw ]d-bp- Xv. "Ahn-Sp v \nkfn-i-tfmsv FXn Øp-\n p p' F pw XpS p ]d-bp- p- v. Xmgva-bpsS t\tc FXn-cmWv \nkfw. a\p-jy-cpss apºn-ep am\w C -s -Sp-I, [m y-tømss s]cpam-dp-i, kzbw ansp- -\mbn txm p- I, Ah-\-h-s\- p-dn v D -X-Nn ]pe Øp-I CsX- m-amwp \nkf-øns e -Ww. sszhw Xs \ -bn Hcn- -e-s - n as m-cn- \nß-fntem \nß-fn-eq-sstbm snbvx Imcy-ßƒ Nn n p kzbw hen-b-h-\mbn k -ev]n- m Ignbpw. ]t AØcw D X `mh-sa mw AXns F m sshir- Xy-ß-tfmSpw IqSn Hcp \mƒ shfns - p-h-cpw. Xmgvasb kw_- n \nb-aßƒ {]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-ßƒ t]msebm-wv. \nb-a-ßƒ A\p-k-cn p t]mbns - n kr n-i-sf mw \in- pt]m-ipw. F m {]IrXn sszhni \nb-a-ßƒ AWp-hnS sx msx A\p-k-cn- p- p. kqcy\pw N{µ\pw \ -{X-ß-fpsa mw Ahbv p h n-cn- p \nb-a-ßƒ hc-hæw ]men- p- p. {]] w apgp-h sszhw h n-cn- p \nb-a-ßƒ -\p-k-cn- mwp Ncn- p- -Xv. "\mw hnx Xp Xs simøpw' F Xpw Hcp \nb-a-am-wv. {]]- - Ønepw Bflo-b-tem-IØpw Cu \nbaw Hcp-t]mse {]h Øn- p- p. PU-Øn hnx- m \mw \miw 11

... Xmgva-bpsS t\tc FXncmWv \nk-fw. a\p-jy-cpss apºn-ep am\w C -s -Sp- I, [m y-tømss s]cp-amdp-i, kzbw ansp- -\mbn txm p-i, Ah-\-h-s\- pdn v D -X-Nn ]pe Øp- I CsX- m-amwp \nk-f-øns e -Ww. D X `mh-sa mw AXns F m sshir-xy-ß-tfmspw IqSn Hcp \mƒ shfn-s - p-h-cpw. simøpw. Aew-L-\o-b-amb Hcp \nb-a-am-w-xv. AXp-t]mse Bflmhn hnx m \nxy-po-h (sszh-kz-`m-hw) simøm Ign-bpw. \mw PU-Øn hnx- p-t]mbn ps n ]m]-ßƒ G p-]- d v sszhc bv p-th n bmnn- m sszhw ]q Æ-ambn \tωmsp an pw F Xp t\cm- Wv. F m \mw t\csø hnx- -Xns ^ew simbvtx axn-bm- Iq. AXp sszh-øns \nb-a-am- Wv. sx p an p F -Xp-sIm v Hcn- PU-Øn hnx- -Xns ^ew A\p-`-hn-t - n-h-cn-i-bn F p Icp-X-cp-Xv. AXp-sIm v ho pw P\n tijw \mw Ign-bp- {X Bflmhn Xs hnx-bv -Ww. F m am{xta t\csø PU-Øn hnx- p-t]m-b-xn \n- p \ sø adn-i-s- m-\m-iq. IW- n \n- p Hcp DZm-lcWw \ap-s -Sp- mw. PU-Øn hnx- n- p- -Xns\ F mw ssa\kv Bbn (\- -am-bn) FSp- p-i. Aßs\ t\m p-tºmƒ \ΩpsS c n- -s -SmØ \mfp-i-fn \aps mw ssa\kv (\- w) am{xta D q. \ΩpsS A u- n H pw Ah-ti-jn- p- n-. \mw ]m -cmbn. F m \mw a\w Xncn p ]pxp-po-h\n-te p h v Bflmhn hnx-bv m XpS-ßptºmtgm? \mw simøp- -sx mw \nxy-po-hs\ kw_- n- n-stømfw t\ -am-wv, em`-am-wv. AXp-sIm v C\n Bflm-hn hnx-bv p Imcy-Øn sszhlnxw snøp-i, sszh-h-n-\hpw I ]-\-Ifpw A\p-k-cn- pi F o Imcy-Øn Gsd Fcn-hp- -h-cm-bn-cn- pi. Aßs\ F n HSp-hn Bflo-b-ambn AXoh kº- -cmbn sszh-cm-py- Øn {]th-in- p-hm \ap p Ign-bpw. CXm-Wt m \sω- p-dn- p sszh-ln-xw. CXp-t]mse Hcp \nb-a-amwp "sszhw Xmgva-bp- -h p Ir] \evip p' F -Xv. sszh-øns Cu \nbaw IW- nse IrXy-X-tbmsS F m-bn- SØpw F m-ehpw {]h Øn- p H m-wv. Cu \nb-a-øn\v Hcn-SØpw Hcp A]-hm-Z-hp-an-. a p- -h \sω- n F p-nn- n- mepw ]d- mepw \mw Xmgva-bp- -h-cmsw- n sszhw \ap p Ir] \ Ipw. sszhw Ir] Xcp-tºmƒ \ap v F{X-tØmfw Xmgva-bpt m A{XtØmfw Ir]-bmWp ]I-cp- -Xv. sszh-øns Ir] F p ]d- 12

... m klm-bw, ]pxnb shfn- w, c, cq]m- cw F n-h-bm-wv. \ΩpsS Xmgva-bv -\p-k-cn v \ap p c bpw klm-bhpw e`n- p-sa v kmcw. as mcp Xncp-sh-gpØp t\m pi: "Xs -Øm Db Øp -h-s\ mw XmgvØ-s -Spw. Xs -Øm XmgvØp- -h-s\ mw Db Ø-s - Spw.' (a-øm. 23:12) Cu \nb-a-øn\pw A]-hm-Zw- H- p-an. \ -h pw Zp - m pw c n- -s - -h pw A m-øh pw F mw B \nbaw Hcpt]mse _m[-i-am-wv. P Ω-\n-bnse ssik N{Ih Øn-bpsS A\p-`hw t\m pi: At\I cmpy-ßƒ Iog-S n kzbw GIm-[n-]-Xn-bmbn hmgphm B{K-ln v Np p-ap cmpyß-tfmsv Ct±lw bp Øn\v Cdßn ]pd-s - p. ]t sszhw Cu ] -Xn-I-sf mw \njv^-e-am- n. Nne h j-ßƒ p-tijw h ln ve-dns apºn ssik-dns A\p-`hw Zr m- -am-bp- m-bncp p. ]t AXn \n pw ]mtw ]Tn- p-hm At±-l-Øn\p Ign- n-. At±-lhpw AtX sx p- Xs Bh Øn- p. ssik-sd- mƒ Zb-\o-b-amb Ah-ÿ-bn Ah-km-\n- p. sszhw Xs -bmwv Xmgva-bp- h p Ir] \ Ip-Ibpw \nk-fn- I-tfmSv FXn Øp-\n p-ibpw snøp- Xv F -XpsIm v \ΩpsS c -bpw, ip o-i-c-whpw, Bflob hf bpw hnim-khpw F p-th XpS w apx HSp- w-hsc Hmtcm Imcy-ßfpw \mw Xmgva-bn-emtWm A tbm F - Xns\ B{i-bn- mwv Ccn- p- -Xv. F m-sa mw ]q Æ-ambpw Xmgvasb am{xw B{i-bn- ncn p p. Aßs\ F n kvt\ltam? kvt\l-sø- p-dn p \mw hmbn- p- Xv kvt\l-an F n H p-an F m-w-t m. CXp ti m Xmgvasb- mƒ hep-xmwv kvt\lw F p txm mw. ]t kxy- Øn Aß-s\-b-, sszhw X ns - n \ap p kvt\lw D mhp-i-bn-. sszhw kvt\lhpw Xmgva-bp- -h p \ Ip- p. CXp-t]mse hnizm-k-øns {]m[m-\y-sø- p-dn pw Gsd tiƒ m-dp- v. D v, hnizm-khpw hfsc {][m-\-s - -Xp- Xs. ]t Xmgva-bn-s - n hnizmkhpw e`n- p- -sx-ßs\? Xmgva IqSmsX sszh-øn \n p hnebp- -sxm pw \ap p e`n- p-i-bn-. AXp-sIm p hnth-i-tømss \ap p snøm-hp Hcp Imcyw \sω- p-dn v Ft mgpw sndnb Nn -bn hkn- bpw \sω- Øs XmgvØm In p Hchk-chpw ]mgm- m-xn-cn- p-ibpw snøpi F -Xm-Wv. Xs -Øm XmgvØpI F Xp XmgvabpsS G hpw Db ]Sn-bm- Wv. ]t ZpxJ-tØmsS Rm ]db-s, hnizm-kn-i-fn hfsc hfsc Ipd- p-t] am{xta Ah-c-hsc Xs hn\-b-s -Sp-Øm-dp- q. sszh-h-n-\-ønse "Xs -Øm XmgvØp- -h ' F `mkw {]txyiw {i n- p-i. Bsc- nepw ]d- -Xp-sImt m 13

... Bh-iy-s - -Xp-sImt m A kzb-ambn Xs Xmg-Ww. hn\-bs -S \nß-fpss am{xw sxcs -Sp- m-bn-cn- -Ww. XmgvØ-s - Sp- Xpw kzbw Xmgp- Xpw XΩn hyxym-k-ap- v. sszh-amwv Bfp- Isf XmgvØp- -Xv. Hm Øp-t\m- pi: \nßƒ kzbw XmgvØnb G hpw HSp-hnesØ kµ `-ta-xmwv? Xs -Øm XmgvØp- -Xn\v Hcp DZm-l-cWw Ipdn- s : A ln- mø Hcp Imcy-Øn\p \nßƒ {]iw-kn- -s -Sp- p-sh- n-cn- -s. B _lp-axn kzoi-cn- msx kzbw AXp \ntj-[n- m Xs - Øm XmgvØnb Hcp kµ `-am- W-Xv. A ln- m-ø-xn\v Bfp- Iƒ ]pi-gvøp-tºmƒ AXp icnb-s p i -am-bn-øs ]dbm Xs -Øm XmgvØp Hcmƒt Ign-bq. Bfp-Iƒ _p n-ap- p-iƒ t\cn-sptºmƒ Xs -Øm hn\-b-s -Sp- - Xn\p ]Icw km[m-cw kzbw {]Xn-tcm-[n- m\pw a p- -hsc Ip - s -Sp-Øm\pw {ian- m-dp- v. Bflo-b-ambn t\m n-bm CXp shdpw t`mj-ø-am-wv. \nß-fpss Bflo-b-amb t]mcm-bva-iƒ v Hcn- epw Hcn- epw as m-cmƒ snbvxtxm snøm-øtxm Imc-Wam-Ip- n-. sszhni \nb-a-øn\v FXn-cm-W-Xv. Bsc kw_- n p Imcy-ßƒ Ipg- -Øn-te p \oßn-bmepw AXv Ahs am{xw Ip -am-wv. hfsc h j-ß-fmbn k`-bn hcp Bfm-bn-cn- mw. sszh-h- N\w hfsc {]kw-kn- n- p- -h-\p-ambn-cn- mw. F m Xt msv a p- h th -t]mse s]cp-amdp n F A`n-{]mbw h p ]pe Øp- -Xp-sIm p am{xw Abmƒ Ccpfn-te p t]mip-hm CS-bp- v. Hcp k`-bnse aq - m Hcp-ht\mSp th -t]mse s]cp-am-dm-xncn- p-ibpw Ah-t\mSp sx mb \ne-bn CS-s]-Sp-Ibpw snøp- psh v k -ev]n- p-i. sszhw Xmgvabp- -h p Ir] \ Ip p F ImcysØ CXp-ambn Fßs\ _ n- n pw? \ap v Cßs\ ]dbmw: sx n- -cn- -s Bƒ bym -Øn Xmgva-bp- -h-\msw- n Ah Xo -bmbpw sszh-øn \n p Ir] {]m]n- p- Ibpw Ah\v AXp hfsc KpW- I-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bpw snøpw. aq - mtcm a p- -htcm Fßs\ s]cpam-dn-bmepw Ahs\ _m[n- -bn-. XS- -ß-fpsS ta Ah hnpbw t\spi Xs snøpw. Hcp-h Bflo-b-ambn ]ptcm-kxn {]m]n- p- Xp I m Ah Akm-[m-c-W-amb Xmgva-bp- -h-\msw p \ap p Xo -s -Sp-Ømw. AXp-t]mse as m-cp-h-\n Bflo-b-amb hf ImWp- n-s - n Ah D X Nn -Iƒ h p- ]p-e Øp-Ibpw kzbw ansp- -\msw p Icp-Xp-Ibpw bym -Ønep- -Xn-t\- mƒ Xm Bflo-b-\msW p Nn n- p-ibpw snøp- -h- \m-sw p hy w. B a\p-jy Gsd hn\-b-s -ts- -Xp- v. ]t \n `m-ky-h-im Ah kzbw B Bhiyw a\- n-em- p-i-bn-. ]Icw kzbw \oxo-i-cn- m\pw a p- -h Xs th -t]mse ]cn-k- Wn- p- n-s p ]cmxn ]d-bm\pw apxn-cp p! (Xp-S-cpw) 14

... [ym\-nn- -Iƒ ""Bfl-l-Xy p t]mip sndp- - m-cm, \ns {]iv\-øn\pw ]cn-lm-c-ap v '' cm{xn H ]Xp awn-tbm-s-sp-øp. ssaxm-\øv Hcp kphn-ti-jtbmkw kam-]n- p-i-bm-wv. A sø hn\ {]tlm-j-i ao n-ßns A y-øn hnhn[ Bh-iy-ßƒ mbn {]m n- -Wsa- m-h-iy-s p tãpn-\-sp-tø p h Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-tSbpw {]iv\- ßƒ ti v Ah-tcmSv kwkm-cn- p- Ibpw {]m n- p-ibpw snbvxp sim n-cn- p- p. P\-ßƒ c pw \mep-ambn ]ncn- p-t]m-ip-i-bm- Wv. s]s v Hcp sndp- - m-c P\- Øn-\n-S-bn-eqsS apt m v X n- b-dn-h- p. XnSp- -Øn Abmƒ {]kw-k-is\ kao-]n p: ""tlbv anã, Hcp an\n- v.'' sndp- - m-cs [rxn-bn-ep hchpw kwkm-c- Ønse ] n-tispw a\- n-em- nb kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-k-i Ft m A]-ISw aw-øp. At±lw sndp- - m-cs\ am n \n Øn Imcyw At\z-jn- p. sndp- - m-c apj-hp-c-sbm pw IqSmsX ]d- Xv Cß-s\-bmWv: ""tlbv anã, Rm Bfl-lXy snøm t]mip-i-bm-wv. ASpØ ] -W-Øn cm{xn Gsd sship- -Xn\p ap ]v FØ-Ww. tlm en apdn FSp- -Ww. ]ns t\cw ]pe-cp- -Xn\p ap ]v Imcyw \S- Ø-Ww. Atßm p t]mip t]m n-emwv ChnsS Hcmƒ q- hpw ao nßpw I -Xv. Rm h n \n Øn. s]s p ssa neqss \nßfpss i_vzw Cßs\ ti p: GXp {]iv\-øn\pw ]cn-lmc-ap- v. Bfl-lXy snøm t]mip sndp- - m-cm, \ns {]iv\-øn\pw ]cn-lm-c-ap- v. AXptI- t mƒ F m \nß-fpss ]cnlmcw F -dn-bm h -Xm.'' {]kw-k-i F p adp-]sn ]dbww F -dn-bmsx \n»-_vz-\mbn \n p t]mbn. Xm {]kwkw Ahkm-\n- n- p- -Xns `mk-ambn hnhn[ {]iv\-ß-fn s] -h-sc- pdn p ]d- -t mƒ Bfl-l-Xy p Xp\n-bp- -hsc Hm Øpw Aßs\ B\p-jw-Kn-I-ambn ]d p F Xp icn-bm-wv. ]t IrXy- Øn\v Aßs\ Hcmƒ CXm apt m p h n-cn- p- p. s]s v At±lw PmK-cq-I-\m-bn. Cu bphmhp ]d-bp- Xv icn-bm-sw- n F p hne simspøpw Cu Bfl-lXy XSt axn-bm-iq. kphn-ti-j-i sndp- - m-ct\msv Ahs {]iv\-ß-sf- p-dn v At\z-jn- p. A-h Npcp-ßnb hmn-i-ß-fn ]d- Xv Hcp NXnbpsS IY-bm-Wv. \K-c-Øn \ \ne-bn _nkn-\kp \SØn hcn- I-bm-bn-cp p sndp- - m-c. F m hniz-kn p _nkn-\-kn 15

... [ym\-nn- -Iƒ \n m ka-b-an-. Ah hn p t]mim-\p ]pd- m-sn-em-wv. kphnti-j-i s]s v Hcp IS-emkp IjWw FSpØv Ft m H p IpØn- p-dn v Ah\v \ In. Fgp- Xn-b-sX- m-sw v H p hmbn p t\m pi t]mepw snømsx Ah B IS-emkv Ioi-bn XncpIn \µn ]d v \S p Ign- p. B t]m p t\m n kphn-ti-j- I CXn-I Øhy-Xm-aq-V-\mbn \n p. Xnc- n-\n-s-bn Ahs t]cp tnmzn- m ad- p. GXp tlm -en-em-w-h apdn-sb-sp- pi? Bfl-l-Xym-{i-a-sØ- p-dn v kphn-ti-j-i CXn- I Øhy-Xm-aq-V-\mbn \n p. Xnc- n-\n-s-bn Ahs t]cp tnmzn- m ad- p. GXp tlm -en-em- W-h apdn-sb-sp- pi? Bfl-l-Xym-{i-a-sØ- pdn v t]meo-kns\ Adn-bn- m t]mepw th hnhc-ßƒ X\n- -dn-bn-. C\n PohnXØn-sem-cn- epw Xm\n-hs\ It - p-i-bns v kphn-ti-j-i\p txm n. sszh-ta, F p snøpw? H w Iq nb ] mfn NXn- p. henb Hcp XpI ISw h p. _nkn-\kv ] mfn ssia-e Øn. _m p-im \nc- cw ieyw snøp- p. ]nsn p \n m C\n Ign-bp-I-bn-. Bfl-l-Xy-b- msx a p am -an-. kphn-ti-ji Ahs\ ]expw ]d v Biz-kn- n- m {ian- p. Pohn-X-Øns A -sø- p-dn v t_m[-h -cn- m Xp\n- p. ]t Ah\v H pw tiƒ m- \p a-bn-. C\n Xma-kn- m tlm -en apdn In n-sb p hcn-ib-bn-. Aßs\ h m ]cn-]m- Sn-I-sf mw ]mfpw. ""Hcp an\n- n-\iw \nßƒ v {]iv\-øn\v Fs - nepw H -aqen \n tz-in- m- \pt m?'' Ah XnSp w Iq n. F p snøpw? Btem-Nn p t]meo-kns\ Adn-bn- m t]mepw th hnh-c-ßƒ X\n- dn-bn-. C\n PohnXØn-sem-cn- epw Xm\n-hs\ It - p-i-bns v kphn-ti-j-i\p txm n. sszh-ta, F p snøpw? Fßs\bpw B sndp- - m-cs\ Bfll-Xy-bn \n p c n- -W-tasb p {]m n- p-i-b- msx as m pw snøm At mƒ At±l-Øn\p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp- n-. sndp- - m-c ] -Xn-bn- n-cp- - Xp -t]mse ASpØ ] -W-ØnseØn tlm -en apdn-sb-sp-øp. F mw ]cn-]m-sn-bn- -Xp-t]mse snøm Xp\n-b-sh-bmWv s]msp- s\ Ah Ioi-bn InS- p IS-emkp Ij-W-sØ- p-dn v Hm Ø-Xv. AXp X n-sb-sp-øt mƒ ^nen-]y 4:13 F p am{xw Ipdn- n-cn- p- p. AsXmcp ss nƒ hn-\-øns kqn-\-bmsw p a\- n-em- m-\p {]myani ss nƒ ]cn-nbw Ah-\p- m-bn-cp- p. tlm apdn-bn 16

... I "KnZ-tbm kv ss nƒ' X n-sb-spøv AXn ^nen-]y F ]pkvxiw Is Øn AXns \memw A[ymbw 13 mw hn\w Ah Cßs\ hmbn p: ""Fs i -\m- p- -h apjm- ncw Rm F m- n\pw Ign-hp- h-\m-wv.'' GXp kml-n-cy-søbpw AXn- Po-hn- m kvt\l-hm-\mb sszhw Hcp-hs\ klm-bn- pw, i o-i-cn pw F mwv B hn\w ]d-bp- -sx v Ah\p a\- n-em-bn. AX-h\p ]pxn-sbmcp shfn w \evin. Bfl-lXy snøm- \p Xocp-am\w Ah ]p\x-]-cntim-[n- m XpS-ßn. kml-ncyw F{X tami-am-bmepw AXns\ AXn-Po-hn- m k i \mb sszhw, Xs i n-s -Sp-Øm Xbm-dm-sW- n AXp t]mtc? cmhnse tlm apdn-bn \n v Ah as-ßn-bxv Hcp ]pxnb a\pjy-\m-bm-wv. sndp- - m-c kz w ] -W- Øn-seØn hnizm-k-tøm-ss, kss[-cyw, Xs {]iv\sø t\cn-sm apt m p h -t mƒ A{]-Xo- n-x-ambn ]e hgn-iƒ Xpd- -s - p. ]ecpw Ahs\ klm-bn- m Xbm-dm-bn. Ahs Bflm X _m p-im pw t_m[y-am-b-t mƒ Ah Ah\p ISw ho m kmh-imiw A\p-h-Zn- p. F n-\-[niw? Nne \mfp- Iƒ Iw Ah IS-ß-sf mw ho n. _nkn-\kv ho pw ] -]n-sn- p. C p \K-c-Ønse Ahs kz w IS-bn Ahs Ccn SØn\p ]n n-embn Hcp GXp kml-n-cy-søbpw AXn-Po-hn- m kvt\lhm-\mb sszhw Hcphs\ klm-bn- pw, i o-i-cn pw F mwv B hn\w ]d-bp- -sx v Ah\p a\- n-em-bn. AX-h\p ]pxn-sbmcp shfn w \evin. Bfl-lXy snøm-\p Xocp-am\w Ah ]p\x-]-cn-tim-[n- m XpS-ßn. hn\w s{^bnw snbvxp Xq n-bn- p- v. D v, AXv B hn\w Xs : ""Fs i -\m- p- -h apjm- ncw Rm ki-e-øn\pw axn-bm- Ip- p.'' CXns A Yw Fs p tnmzn- p- -h-tcmsv Ah hni-zo- I-cn p p: CXv "F mw Fs s m p km[n pw' F Bfl hnizm-ktam "F mw \ mbn hcpw' F tih-e-amb Hcp ip`m]vxn hniz-mktam A. adn v Fs i -\m- p Hcp-h-\p- v. X nep hnizmkw Fs GXp kml-n-cy-søbpw AXn-Po-hn- m klm-bn- p p F mwv CXns A Yw.'' Cu ktµiw \nßƒ pw C p {]k- -am-wv... 17

... sszh-øns F m ] -Xn-Ifpw \ΩpsS \ bv p th n-bm-wv. _me-in- -Iƒ t]mepw \mw Ahs hnip n {]m]n-t - -Xn- \-t{x. (F-{_m. 12 : 10) \ΩpsS kz -amb Hcp hnip n \mw {]m]n- m-sxbn-cn- m-\pw. ki-ehpw \ΩpsS \ -bv mbn sszhw πm snbvxn-cn- p- p. AXp-sIm v Hcp {InkvXp-in-jys Pohn-X-Øn BIp-e-Nn- -bvt m `b-ønt\m bmsxmcp ÿm\-hp-an-. BIp-e-Nn- bpw `bhpw Ahn-izm-k-ap Hcp ZpjvS-lr-Z-b-Øn \n p hcp- -Xm-I-bm ]m]-ß-f-t{x. hnizmkhpw BIpe Nn bpw Htc lrzb-øn Hcp-an p IpSn-sIm- p-hm Hcn- epw km[y-a-. ""Rßƒ p hnizm-k-ap v ; F mepw Rßƒ `b-s SpIbpw hymipecmibpw snøp p'' F p \mw ]d-bp- p-sh- n \mw \sω- Øs h n- p p; kxyw \Ωn C m-sx-bm-bn. tbip-hns injy- m ]e-t mgpw hymipe Nn bpw `bhpw {]Z in- -t mƒ tbip Ah-cpsS Ahn-izm-ksØ imkn- n- p- v. (a p- -h-tcm-sp kvt\l-øn \mw XnI- -h-cm-bn-øo-c-w-sa- n BZyta Xs \mw sszhsszh-tømspw a\p-jy-tcm-sp-ap kvt\lw- - - II kvt\lw Bflm-hns ]c-tam- X ^ew (I-gn e w XpS..) kvt\-l-øn-ep ]q Æ-amb kpc- n-xt_m[w ssih-cn- -Ww. Fs - m \mw kzbw sszh- Øn kpc- n-x-c- m-sx-bn-cn- ptºm-gmwv a p- -h-cpss t\tc hna i-\hpw kvt\l-lo-\-hp-amb at\m-`mhw \Ωn A p-cn- p- -Xv. At mƒ a p- -hsc hn[n- m\pw Ip -s -Sp-Øp-hm\pw \ap v hfsc Ffp- -am-wv.) sszhw ITn-\-Nn-Ø\pw hfsc {]bm-k-ap Imcy-ßƒ \tωm-smh-iys -Sp- -h-\p-sa v \mw Icp-Xp- p-sh- n \mw hniz-kn- p B km -ev]ni sszh-sø-t mse \mapw Adn-bmsX Xs a p- -htcmsp ITn-\-Nn-Øcpw \n ±m- n- Wy-cp-am-bn-Øo-cpw. sszhw Hcp t]meo-kp-im-c-s\-t mse \ΩpsS Hmtcm Zp \-S-]-Snbpw I p-]n-sn- m PmK-cq-I-s\ p \mw Icp-Xp- p-sh- n \mapw a p- -h-tcmsv AtX at\m-`m-h-ap- -h-cm-bn- Øocpw. kzm -Xbv p acn- pi F Xv sszhw \ap- m-bn-h- n- p c m-am -sa p Icp-XmsX (1 simcn 10 : 13) AXns\ sszhw \ap p hn[n ZpjvI-chpw `mc-tadn-b-xp-amb Hcp am -sa p \mw Icp-Xp- -] w \mapw ]co-i- m-sct mse a p- -h-cpss ta `mcw 18

... ASn-t -ev]n- p- -h-cm-bn-øo-cpw. AXn-\m BZy-ambn \mw Xs sszh-øns ]cn-]q Ækvt\-l-Øn A[n-jvTn-X-amb Hcp lrz-b-hn-{i-a-øn h p-tn-tc- Xv Bh-iy-a-t{X. `mhn-sb- - n, \sωbpw \ΩpsS IpSpw-_-tØbpw ] n, AYhm as - n-\m-sb- nepw ] n-bp F m-øcw hymip-e-nn- -bn \n pw `b-øn \n pw \mw ]q Æ-hn-Sp-X {]m]n- -Ww. Kncn-{]-`m-j-W-Øn I Ømhpw Xs injy- mtcmsv ""hnnm-c-s -ScpXv'' F {]t_m-[\w aq p {]mhiyw ]d-bp- p- v. (a-ømbn 6 : 25; 31, 34) ]n osv AtX izmk- Øn Øs "a p- -hsc hn[n- cpxv, ktlm-z-cs IÆnse IcSp t\m -cpxv' F {]t_m-[-\hpw Ahn-Sp p \ Ip- p. (a-ømbn 7 : 1-5) sszh-hp-am-bp \ΩpsS _ sø XI-cm-dn-em- p BIp-e-Nn- bpw `bhpw thk- Øn \sω a p- -h-sc- - n-bp hna i\ {]h-w-x-bn-te p \bn- p- p. \mw kvt\l-øn XnI- -h-cm-i-ww, k Kp-W-]q Æ-cm- IWw F v I Ømhp ]d-bp- p. (a-ømbn 5 : 44 48) A{]-Im-cap kvt\l-øn a p- -hsc hn[n- p-hm-\p bmsxmcp km[y- X-bp-an-. \ΩpsS ktlm-z-c- msc AhcpsS _e-lo-\-x-iƒ hn p-am-d-ø- -hn[w klm-bn-t Hcm-hiyw \ap- p- v. AXns\ \ntj-[n- p- I-b ChnsS snøp- -Xv. aømbn 7 : 5 ktlmz-cs IÆnse IcSp \o p- -Xn Ahs\ klmbn- p- -Xn-s\- n tbip ]d-bp- p- v. F m BZyw \ΩpsS a p- -h-tcm-sp kvt\l- Øn \mw XnI- -h-cmbn-øo-c-w-sa- n BZyta Xs \mw sszh-kvt\-l-øn-ep ]q Æ-amb kpc- n- Xt_m[w ssih-cn- - Ww. Fs - m \mw kzbw sszh-øn kpc- n-x-c- m-sx-bn-cn- ptºm-gmwv a p- -h-cpss t\tc hna i-\hpw kvt\l-lo-\-hp-amb at\m-`mhw \Ωn A pcn- p- -Xv. tim \mw \o n- -f-b-ww. Cu tim F mwv? \ΩpsS ktlm- Z-cs t\tc-bp kvt\l-lo-\- amb at\m-`m-h-at{x CXv. kvt\lamwv k t m- -X-amb Iev]-\. as m Iev]-\-Ifpw AXn\p Xmsgbm-Wv. X qew kvt\l-sa {]amww \mw ewln ptºmƒ \mw G hpw henb Iev]\ ewln- p-ibpw Aßs\ \ΩpsS IÆp- I-fn Hcp tim hcp-øn-h-bv p- I-bp-amWv snøp- -Xv. CXn-t\mSp XmcX-ay-s -Sp-Øn-bm a p- -hcpss Ipd-hp-I-sf mw Ic-Sp-Iƒ am{x-am-wv. AXp-sIm v a p- hsc klm-bn- p-hm \ap p Ign-b-W-sa- n \mw kvt\l- Øn XnI- -h-cm-bn-øo t axn-bm-hq. Cu kvt\l-lo-\-amb at\m-`m-hsø \mw hn[n- p-ibpw 19

... sszh-kvt\-l-sa- Xv Bflmhns ^e-am-wv. k`-bn \ap- m-h-iyambn-cn- p- Xv a\p-jy-kvt\-l-a-. AXv sszh-th-ebv v Hcp {]Xn-_- -am-bn-cn-øo-cmw. sszhn-iam-b-xn \mw ] m-fn-i-fm-i- W-sa- n am\p-jn-i-am-b- Xns\ ac-w-øn\v Hgp- n- ft axn-bmhp. \ΩpsS lrz-b-øn-\p- n-te pw lrzb-øn \n p ]pd-tø pw sszh-kvt\lw {]hln- n p- Xv sszh-øns Bflm-hm- Wv. kxy-ap- n-cn-h- n-bmb I Øm-hn \mw hkn- ptºmƒ am{xta Bflm-hm- Ip Poh-ckw \Ωn-te v Hgp-Ip-Ibpw sszh-a-l-xz-øn- \mbn kvt\l-sa Cu ^ew \Ωn DZv`-hn- bpw snbvi-bp- q. \Ωn \n p XpS p \o p-ibpw snø-ww. A\- cw \ΩpsS lrzb-ßƒ ktlm-z-c-kvt\lw sim p \nd-b-ww. At mƒ \ap v hy -amb ImgvN e`n- pw. (a-ømbn 7 7) At mƒ am{xta a p- -h-cpss IÆnse Ic-Sp-Iƒ \o p-hm \mw {]m]vx-cm-iq. kz -k-tlm-z-cs\ C{]-Im-cap ]q Æ-kvt\-l-tØmsS kvt\ln- mø Hcp-h\v hy -amb ImgvN-i- n-bn-. Fs - m ktlm-z-cs\ kvt\ln- p-tºmƒ am{x-amwp \mw shfn- -Øn hkn- p- -Xv. (1 tbml. 2 ; 10, 11) At mƒ am{xta IÆnse IcSp \o p-hm-\p ImgvN \ap p kn n- p- p- q. ktlm-z-cs\ kvt\ln- m-ø-h Ccp- n \S- p- p. Ccp v Ahs IÆp Ipcp- Sm- p- Xv Ahs IÆn Hcp XSn- -jww Xd-bv p- Xp t]mse-bm-wv. B ÿnxn-bn Ah\v ImgvN-i n \in- p- p. At mƒ IcSp \o pi F Xv hfsc kq v-a-z i-\-am-h-iy-amb Hcp {]h Ø-\-am-Wv. sxfn {]Im-i-Ønte AXp snøm Ignbq. A m-ø-] w \mw Abmƒ v \ -sb- m-f-[niw Xn bm-bn-cn pw hcp-øp- -Xv. kvt\l-øn XnI- -h-cm-bn- Øo-cp- n-s - n a p- -hsc ^e- {]-Z-ambn {]t_m-[n- n- p-hm \ap v km[y-a-. \ bpw Icp- Wbpw XnI h p am{xta a p- -hsc {]t_m-[n- p-hm Ignbq. (tdma 15 : 14) bym {]t_m[\w DZv`-hn- p- Xv kvt\l-]q Æ-amb Hcp lrz-b- Øn \n m-wv. AXn-\m BZyw \mw kvt\l-am-n-cn- p-hm D mln- -W-sa pw ]n osv {]h- N-\-hcw hm -n- -W-sa pw sszhh-n\w \tωmsmh-iy-s -Sp p. (1 simcn. 14 : 1, 3) sszh-kvt\-l-sa- Xv Bflmhns ^e-am-wv. k`-bn \ap- mh-iyambn-cn- p- Xv a\p-jy-kvt\- l-a-. AXv sszh-th-ebv v Hcp {]Xn-_- -am-bn-cn-øo-cmw. sszhn-iam-b-xn \mw ] m-fn-i-fm-i-w-sa- n am\p-jn-i-am-b-xns\ ac-w- Øn\v Hgp- n- -ft axn-bmhp. 20

... \ΩpsS lrz-b-øn-\p- n-te pw lrz-b-øn \n p ]pd-tø pw sszh-kvt\lw {]hln- n p- Xv sszh-øns Bflm-hm-Wv. kxyap- n-cn-h- n-bmb I Øm-hn \mw hkn- p-tºmƒ am{xta Bflm-hm-Ip Poh-ckw \Ωnte v Hgp-Ip-Ibpw sszh-a-l-xz- Øn-\mbn kvt\l-sa Cu ^ew \Ωn DZv`-hn- bpw snbvi-bp- q. Hcp k`-sb \ne-bn sszh- Øns k thm- -X-Zm-\-Øn \n pw Ipd-hm-b-sXm pw sim v \mw Xr]vXn-s -S-cp-Xv. ]nxmhpw ]p{x\pw H m-bn-cn- p- -Xp-t]mse \mapw H m-bn-øo-c-w-sa- mwv \sω - n-bp sszh-lnxw (tbml. 17 : 21-23). CXn p-d- sx mw XmW \ne-hm-c- Øn s Xt{X. hnizm-kn-isf p hnfn- -s -Sp- -h-cp-ambn \mw \sω- Øs Xmc-Xays SpØn ]c-kv]- c-kvt\-l-øns Imcy-Øn Ahtc- mƒ Db Hcp \ne-hm-c- Øn \mw Pohn- p- -Xm-bn- n- n- m-àm-zn- -cp-xv. sszh-øns \nehm-c-hp-ambn am{xta \mw \sω Xmc-X-ay-s -Sp-Øm-\m-hq. \mw kvt\l-øn kºq ÆX {]m]n- -W-sa- -XmWv sszh-ln-xw. CXn p-d- -sxm pw sszh lrz-bsø Xr]vXn-s -Sp-Øp-I-bn-. tbip \sω kvt\ln- p- -Xpt]mse \mw At\ym\yw kvt\ln- p-tºmƒ \mw shfn- -Øn \S- p- -h-cm-ipw ; At mƒ \ap p XΩn Iq m-bva-bp- m-hp-ibpw snøpw. At mƒ Hcp k`-sb \ne-bn \ΩpsS CS-bn shfn w tim`-tbmss {]Im-in- pw. Cu ÿnxn-bn sszhw B{K-ln- p Xc-Øn-ep Hcp \ne-hn-f- mbn \mw Xocp-Ibpw sszh-øns sxfn {]Im-i-Øn Ccp- ns ad- n-cn- p {]hr-øn-iƒ shfn-s -Sp-Ibpw snøpw. (a t mkv 4 : 21, 22; Ft^. 5 : 11) AXn-\m k`-bnse Iq m-bvabv mbn \ap v sszhsø kvxpxn- mw. {InkvXp-hns kxyk-`-bpss AwK-ß-fm-bn-Øo-cpI F Xv temi-øn \ap p e`n- m-hp G hpw al-xz-i-c-amb ]Z-hn-bm-Wv. AhnsS shfn w tim`-tbmss {]Im-in- p- p; F m Xn bpw ]m]hpw thiym-{]-hr- Ønbpw Ccp pw PUn-I-Xzhpw AhnsS shfn-s p hcp- p. \mw kvt\l-øn {InkvXphns ]q Æ-X-tbmfw hf p hcp-amdv At\ym\yw BflnI h \ hcp-ø- -hn-[-øn \sω k`-bmbn Hcpan p-tn Ø sszh-ir-]-bv p-th n axn-bm-ipthmfw kvtxm{xw snbvhm \ap p Ign-hn-. ]nxmhpw ]p{x\pw H m-bn-cn- p- -Xp-t]mse sszh-øns k -k-ºq Æ- Xbpw Dƒs m- p Hcp k`bmbn \mw XocWw F -XmWv sszh-øns \nxy-amb Xncp-ln- Xw. (F-t^-ky 1 : 23) At mƒ Bflob temi-ønse hmgvn- Iƒ pw A[n-Im-c-ßƒ pw sszh- Øns _lp-hn-[-amb m\w t_m[y-s -Sp-amdv k` sszhn-i-k- ºq Æ-X-bpsS \nhm-k-ÿm-\-am-bn- Øo-cpw. (F-t^. 3 : 10, 11) (A-h-km-\n- p) 21

... Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Isf ]cn-tim-[n- pi ss n-fn-eqss... 2 Xnsam-sY-tbmkv A n P zen- p-sim- n-cn- s k`-bpss t\xm- - m F mhcpw Xnsam-sY-tbm-kns\ t]msebp- -h-cm-sw- n k`-bn-ep- -hsc mw HØp Xo p-im-cmbn t]mipw. t\xm- - m ]usemkns\ t]mse-bp- -h-cm-sw- n k`-bn Bcpw D m-in ImcWw `qcn-`mkw t]cpw \ncm-i- Hcp \ ]S-bmfn Ft mgpw i{xp-hn-t\msp t]mcmsn Xs cmpy-øn\p th n bp w Pbn- pi F Imcy-Øn {i ti{µo-i-cn- -h-\m-bn-cn- pw. kmøms A[n-Im-c-Øns ta {InkvXp-hns Pbw ÿm]n- pi F -Xn a\ v Dd- n- -h-\mwv Hcp bym sszh-zm-k. 22

... ]cn-ip- m-flm-hn \n pw F{X henb A\p- `-h-ap- m-bmepw \ΩpsS ka-bw, ]Ww F nh sne-h-gn- p- -Xn Hcp A -S- -ap- m- p-hm ]cn-ip- m-flm-hns\ \mw A\p-h-Zn- p- n-s - n, \ΩpsS hm p-isf \nb- { n- p-hm ]cn-ip- mflm-hns\ A\p-h-Zn- p- n-s - n \Ωsfm-cn- epw sszh-ln-x-øn\p Iogn-em-bn-cn- p-i-bn-. cmbn k` hn n- p- m-ipw. F m CØ-c-Øn-ep c p t] Hcpan v t\xr-xz-øn D -t mƒ AhnsS Ir]bpw kxyhpw k pen-xm-h-ÿ-bn D m-ip- p. AXn- \m Ct mƒ \nßfpss IqSbp kl-{]-h Ø-I \nß-fp-ts- Xn \n pw XnI pw hyxykvx kz`m-h-ap Bfm-sW- n AXp \nßƒ p-th- n-bp sszh- Øns ani Xnc-s -Sp- msw p Icp-Xp-I. \nß-fpss kz`mh-øn\p t\sc hn]-cox kz`m-hap Hcp `mcy-bmwv \nßƒ p- -sx- n AXv sszh-øns G hpw \ Xnc-s -Sp- m-wv. \ap p sszh-tøm-sp ka - Whpw kvt\lhpw Hcp-t]mse Bbn-cn- p-tºmƒ Xs kz`mhw XnI pw hyxy-kvx-am-bn- mw. ]usem-kn\pw Xnsam-sY-tbmkn\pw sszh-tøm-sp ka - Whpw ` nbpw Hcp-t]mse Bbncp-s - nepw Ah hyxykvx kz`m-h-ap- -h-cm-bn-cp- p. sszh-tømsv ka -W-ap- -hcpw F m F n \n pw XnI pw hyxykvx kz`m-h-ap- -h-cpambn sszhw X Fs kl-{]-h Ø- I mbn Rm sszh-øn\p \µn ]d-bp- p. Fs k p-en-xm-hÿ-bn \nd-øp-hm Fß-s\- bp kl-{]-h Ø-I-cmWv F\n p th -sx p IrXy-ambn Adn-bp sszhw CØ-c-Øn-ep- hsc Xs -bmwv F\n p Iq p-the- m-cmbn X n-cn- p- -Xv. Rm Ahsc AwKo-I-cn- bpw Atßb w _lp-am-\n pibpw snøp- p. sszhw \ap- mbn Xnc-s - SpØncn p kl-{]-h Ø-Isc AwKo-I-cn- p-hm\pw _lp-am-\n- phm\pw \mw ]Tn- -Ww. AXn-\m Nne-tcmSv \mw ]dbpw. "\ns `ocpxzw \ns Pohn- XsØ Iogvs -Sp-Ø-cpXv' a p NnetcmSv "\nß-fpss lrzbw ImTn\yw \nß-fpss Pohn-XsØ Iogvs -Sp- Ø-cp-sX' pw ]d-b-ww. ]usemkv ]d-bp p ""i n-bptsbpw kvt\l-øn-t bpw kwb-a- \-Øn-s bpw Bflm-hn-s\-bmWv sszhw \ap v \ In-bn- p- Xv'' (1:7) sszh-øns Bflmhv \ap p i nbpw a p- -h-tcm- Sp kvt\lhpw \ Ip- p. AtXm-sSm w \sω A -S- -ap- h-cm- p-ibpw snøp- p. ]cn-ip- m-flm-hn \n pw F{X henb A\p-`-h-ap- m-bmepw 23

... \ne-hmcw Ipd IqSp- X Bfp-I-fp Hcp k`tb- mƒ \ne-hm-c-ap Ipd- m-fp-i-fpss k`-bm-bncn pw sszh-øns Zr nbn \ k`. aq qdv HØp-Xo p-im-cmb hnizmkn-i-sf mƒ aq p injy- m-cpss k`-bmwv \ -Xv. aq p injy- m v ap qdv HØp-Xo p-im-cmb hnizm-kn-i-sf- mƒ Hcp {KmasØ apgp-h kzm[o- \n- p-hm Ign-bpw. CXmbn-cn- Ww ASpØ Xe-ap-dsb- p-dn v Hcp bym sszh-zm-k-\p- m-ti `mcw. \ΩpsS ka-bw, ]Ww F nh sne-h-gn- p- -Xn Hcp A -S- ap- m- p-hm ]cn-ip- m-flm-hns\ \mw A\p-h-Zn- p- n-s - n, \ΩpsS hm p-isf \nb-{ n- phm ]cn-ip- m-flm-hns\ A\p-h- Zn- p- n-s - n \Ωsfm-cn- epw sszh-ln-x-øn\p Iogn-em-bn-cn- p- I-bn-. k`m Ncn-{X-Ønse G hpw {]ap-j-cm-b-sszh the- m F m-hcpw Xs Xß-fpsS Pohn-XsØ A -S- -tømss \nb- { n p-hm ]cn-ip- m-flm-hns\ A\p-h-Zn- -h-cm-wv. Dd-ßp Imcy- Øn, ` -W-Im-cy-Øn, {]m n- p- -Xn, hn\w ]Tn- p- -Xn CXn-sems Ah s mcp A -S- -ap- m-bn-cp- p. F m `uxni B{K-lßƒ pw api-fn sszh-ø-n\p ÿm\w \ Ip A -S w Ah p- m-bn-cp- p. ]e {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw Hcn- ]cn-ip- mfl kv\m\w e`n- m ]ns F mw `wkn-bmbn \S p-sim pw F Nn -bn Xr]vX-cm-bn v Ccn- p- p. F m \nß-fpss Pohn- X-Øn sszh-lnxw ]q Æambn \nd-th- -s -S-W-sa- n \nßƒ v A -S- -ap- m-ip-ibpw thww. sszhni \ne-hm-c-ßsf Db Øn- n-sn- pi ]usemkv XpS p ]d-bp p ""XS-hp-Im-c-\mb Fs p-dn v e n- -cpxv (1:8) At m-kvx-e- \mb ]usemkv A p-x-ßƒ {]h Øn v k`-iƒ ÿm]n- p sim n-cp Ah-k-Øn At±l-tØmSp IqsS tn v {]h Øn- p- Xv ]e hnizm-kn-iƒ pw A`n-am-\-am-bn-cp- p. F m Ct mƒ ]usemkv XS-hp-Im-c-\mbn-cn- p ka-bøv At±-ltØmSv tn p \n phm ]e pw asn-bmwv. ImcWw AXv Ah p e m-i-c-ambn txm n. Hcp {]kw-k-i hfsc {]i-kvxnbn \n p-tºmƒ At±-ltØmSv tn p \n p-hm ]e pw henb Xmev]-cy-am-Wv. F m Abm-fpsS {]ikvxn C m-xm-ip \nanjw Ah ]n amdp-ibpw snøpw. F m ]usem-kn-t\msp IqsS Ah-km\w hsc tn p \n -h-sc-bmwv sszhw AwKo-I-cn v Xs k`bpss ]Wn-bn D]-tbm-Kn- -Xv. ]usemkv {]i-kvx-\- mø Ahk-c-Øn ]cn-tim-[n- -s v hnizkvx-s\ p I -h-cm-w-h. A`nj- -\mb Hcp sszh-zm-k {]i- 24

... kvx-\- m-ø-t mgpw \mw Aht\mSv tn p \n p- pt m F p sszhw ]cn-tim-[n- p- p. Aßs\ \nßƒ kz -Xm-ev]cyw am{xw t\m p-i-bmtwm AtXm hmkvx-h-ambn At±-l-tØmSv tn p \n p- pthm F p sszhw Adn-bpw. ]n osv 1:12 ]usemkv ]dbp p ""Rm Bsc hniz-kn- n-cn- p p F -dn-bp p Ah Fs D]-\n[n B Znhkw hsc kq n- m i F p Dd- p-an-cn- p p''. Xs sszhw Ah-km\w hsc ImØp sim p-sa pw At±l-Øn\p \ Bflhnizmkw D m-bn-cp- p. ]q Æ-lr-Z-btØmsS sszhsø tkhn ]usem-kn\p AXv ]d-bp-hm Ignbpw. F m B hmiyw ]mxn a\- t mss sszhsø tkhn- p Hcp-h D -cn- m AXv Im]-Syam-bn-cn- pw. ""Hcn- epw \ne-hmcw XmgvØcpXv'' AXmWv Xnsam-sY-sbm-kn- \p ]usem-kns ASpØ {]t_m-[\w (1:3). Cu Ime-L- - Ønse {Inkv{Xob {]kw-k- I pw F{X-am{Xw Bh-iy-ap Hcp {]t_m-[-am-wn-xv, IqSp-X Bfp-Isf k`-bn-te p sim ph-cp- -Xn\p sszh-h-n-\-øn ImWp \ne-hmcw XmgvØ-cp-Xv. \ne-hmcw Ipd IqSp-X Bfp- I-fp Hcp k`-tb- mƒ \ne-hmc-ap Ipd- m-fp-i-fpss k`-bm-bncn pw sszh-øns Zr n-bn \ k`. aq qdv HØp-Xo p-imcmb hnizm-kn-i-sf mƒ aq p injy- m-cpss k`-bmwv \ -Xv. aq p injy- m v ap qdv HØp- Xo p-im-cmb hnizm-kn-i-sf- mƒ GsXmcp ]pxnb DW ns bpw c mw Xe-ap-d-bpsS \ne-hmcw Ipd-bp- -Xm-bn- mwv {InkvXob k`m-n-cn- {X-Øn \mw Ft mgpw ImWp- -Xv. ÿm]i-cn D m-bn-cp ImgvN- msv Ah n F -Xm-Wn- Xn\p ImcWw. C sø ]e ]mc-º-cy-k-`bpw AXns ÿm]-i-cpss Ime-L- -Øn Fß-s\-bmbn-cp p F v Xmc-Xayw snbvxp t\m p-i. B k`- I-fpsS ÿm]-i C v `qan-bn-te p h m Hcn epw B k`-i-fn tncp-i-bn-. Hcp {KmasØ apgp-h kzm[o-\n- p-hm Ign-bpw. CXm-bn-cn- Ww ASpØ Xe-ap-d-sb- p-dn v Hcp bym sszh-zm-k-\p- m-ti `mcw. GsXmcp ]pxnb DW ns bpw c mw Xe-ap-d-bpsS \nehmcw Ipd-bp- -Xm-bn- mwv {InkvXob k`m-n-cn-{x-øn \mw Ft mgpw ImWp- -Xv. ÿm]icn D m-bn-cp ImgvN- msv Ah n F -Xm-Wn-Xn\p ImcWw. C sø ]e ]mc-º-cyk-`bpw AXns ÿm]-i-cpss Ime-L- -Øn Fß-s\-bm-bncp p F v Xmc-Xayw snbvxp t\m p-i. B k`-i-fpss ÿm]- I C v `qan-bn-te p h m 25

... ip- m-flm-hns m\ømepw \nß-fpss Iº\n 50 i n-bmepw A msx \ap Xn\p Ign-bp-I-bn-. timsn cq] _m q-cn ]usemkv Xnsam-sY-tbm-knt\mSv ]d-bp- Xv ""Gjy-bn-ep \n pw U ln hsc {Sbn- \n sim p-t]m-ip-hm ]e hnizm-kn-ifpw Xs hn p Bh-iy-s - m \nß-ƒ s]mbvi-f p'' F mwv (1:15). tbip-hn-\p- mb A\p-`-hßfneqsS ]usemkv Xs Pohnhfsc {i -tbmss AXns\ kwc- n v Aßv Xm-h-km-\-Øn IS p t]mbn. U ln-bn sn p-tºmƒ hnizm-kn-iƒ ]ecpw Xt m-sp 50 timsn cq] Xs Iq mbva XI Øv Xs hn p-t]mbn. ]usemkv Ct mƒ Imcm-Kr-l- D m-bn-cn- -W-sa v Dd- Øn Bb-Xn-\m At±-ltØmSv Hcp Iq mbva B hnizm-kn- m- p- p. Cßs\ Xs Bbn-cn- Ww \mw sszhh-n-\-øns \ne-hmcw l-øn \n pw Ah AIew Iƒ B{K-ln- n-. AXn-\m At±- kwc- n-t - Xv. ]men- p. At±-lsØ hn p-t]mb ^pk-temkpw sl sω-k-t\kpw ap ]v ]usem-kns kl-{]- Hcn epw B k`-i-fn tncp-ibn-. Ah A p {]tlm-jn- n- Ht\-kn-s^m-scmkv ]usem-kns h Ø-I-cm-bn-cp- n-cn- mw. F m cp \ne-hmcw B k`-iƒ v C Nße-sb- p-dn v e n- m-sx-bncp p (1:6) Ah ]usem-kns\ F Xm-W-Xn\p Imc-Ww. thz-imk-{x-]-c-amb D]tZ-i-ßƒ AhnsS Fs^-tkm-knepw Ct mƒ ImWpw. F m A`n-tj-Ihpw tdmanepw ip{iq-jn p F p-am-{xa Nß-e-bn Bbn-cp ]usem- i nbpw, PohnXhpw sszhn-i-]- cn- m-\hpw F mw \ -s - n-cn- kns\ t]mbn I v At±-l-Øn\p pw. Iq mbva \ In. Aßs\ Hcp Cu \ne-hm-csø \mw \Ωnep ]cn-ip- m-flm-hn-\m-emwv \n p hniz-kvx-cmb ktlm- sszh-zm-k-t\msv tn p kwc- n-t - -Xv. AXn hnip- am-sbmcp \n[n-bm-wxv. \nß-fpss p- p. ]usemkv ]d-bp p ""Ht\- Z-c- m mbn sszhsø kvxpxn- Iº\n 50 timsn cq] _m q-cn kn-s^m-scmkv tdma-bn FØnb \n pw U ln hsc {Sbn-\n DSs\ Xmev]-cy-tØmsS Fs sim p-t]m-ip-hm Bh-iy-s - Xnc p Is -Øp-Ibpw m \nß-ƒ hfsc {i -tbmss snbvxp. B Znh-k-Øn I Ømhns ] IcpW Is -Øp- AXns\ kwc- n v Aßv U lnbn sn p-tºmƒ 50 timsn cq] hm I Ømhv Ah\p kwkxn Xs D m-bn-cn- -W-sa v Dd- m- hcp-øs '' (1:18) tbip-hns \ma- p- p. Cßs\ Xs Bbn-cn- Øn Hcp injy\p Hcp mkv Ww \mw sszh-h-n-\-øns sh w simsp-øm AXn\p {]Xn- \ne-hmcw kwc- n-t - Xv. ]cn- ^ew \nßƒ p e`n- msx 26

... t]mhp-i-bn-. bym sszh-th-e- m-cs kz`m-h-ßƒ c mw A ym-b-øn ]utem kv Hcp bym sszh-zm-ks kz`mhw Fßs\ Bbn-cn- Ww F p ]d-bp- p. H m-a-xmbn Hcp bym sszh- Zm-k sszh-h-n-\-øns hnizkvx-\mb Hcp D]-tZ- m-hm-bn-cn- Ww. ]utemkv Xntam-Yn-tbm-knt\mSp ]d-bp p ""\o Ft msv ti sx mw a p- -hsc D]-tZ-in- m ka -cmb hnizkvx a\p-jysc `c-ta n '' (2 Xntam 2:2). \mep Xe-apd hsc kphn-tijw FØ- W-sa ]utem-kns `mc-amwv \mw ChnsS ImWp- -Xv. Xntam-Yntbm-kn\p (c mw Xe-ap-d-bnse Hcp injy ) \memw Xe-ap-d-bnse hniz-kvx-cm-b-hsc Is -Øphm {]m]vx-cmb aq mw Xe-ap-dbnse hniz-kvxsc Is -tø- - Xp- m-bn-cp- p. (k-a -cm-b-h-scb hniz-kvx-cm-b-h-sc) sszhw Hcn- epw ka -tcbpw [\n-itcbpw At\z-jn- n ]I-cw hnizkvx-cm-b-h-sc-bm-wv. c m-a-xmbn Hcp sszh-zm-k Hcp ]S-bmfn Bbn-cn- -Ww. Cu temi-im-cy-ß-fn CS-s]-SmsX AXn \n pw hn p \n p- -h- \m-bn-cn- Ww (2:3,4). Ah Cu temi-øn Pohn- p-t{\mƒ Xs Xm Cu temi-øn-\p- -h-\ F p Ft mgpw Xncn- -dn-hp- -h- \m-bn-cn- pw. Hcp \ ]S-bmfn Ft mgpw i{xp-hn-t\msp t]mcmsn Xs cmpy-øn\p th n bp w Pbn- pi F Imcy-Øn {i ti{µo-i-cn- -h-\m-bn-cn- pw. a p ]usemkv Hcp bym sszh-zm-ks kz`mhw Fßs\ Bbn-cn- Ww F p ]d-bp- p.h m-a- Xmbn Hcp bym sszh- Zm-k sszh-h-n-\-øns hniz-kvx-\mb Hcp D]-tZ- m-hm-bn-cn- Ww. ]usemkv Xntam-Yn-tbm-knt\mSp ]d-bp p ""\o Ft msv ti -sx mw a p- -hsc D]-tZ-in- m ka -cmb hnizkvx a\p-jysc `c-ta n ''. \mep Xe-apd hsc kphntijw FØ-W-sa ]usem-kns `mc-amwv \mw ChnsS ImWp- -Xv. Imcy-ßƒs mw Ahs a\ n c mw ÿm\ta D mhp-i-bp- q. kmøms A[n-Im-c- Øns ta {InkvXp-hns Pbw ÿm]n- pi F -Xn a\ v Dd- n- -h-\mwv Hcp bym sszh- Zm-k. AXn-\-bmƒ temi-im-cyß-fn \n pw ]q Æ-kzm-X{ yw t\sn-b-h-\m-bn-cn- -Ww. ""\nßƒ {InkvXp-hn-t\mSp IqsS Dbn søgp-t - n-cn p- p-sh- n {InkvXp sszh-øns he-xp-`m-køp Ccn- p- n-s-amb Db-c-Øn-ep- Xv At\z-jn- n. `qan-bn-ep- -X Dbc-Øn-ep- Xp Xs Nn n- n '' (simtem 3:1,2) (XpS-cpw) samgn-am w: kmpp tpmk^v 27

... hn-\-zo]w ""\oxn-ams {i -tbm-sp-iq-sn-b- {]m \ hfsc ^en- p p'' bms m5:16. sszhw Xs Ic-Øn D]-tbm-Kn- n- p Xs Zmk- m-sc- m-hcpw Xs {]m -\m-ho-c- mcm-bn-cp- p. At\Iw \mfp-iƒ, Xs Zmk- m Bcpw Adn-bmsX Xß-fpsS {]m -\m-ap-dn-bn sszh-tømsp {]m n- -Xns ^eam-bn- mwv BflnI DW p- m-bn- p- Xv F v BfloI DW ns Ncn{Xw \sω ]Tn- n- p- p. I Øm-hmb tbip-{inkvxp \mev]xp cmhpw \mev]xp ]Iepw acp-`q-an-bn {]m n- p-sim- n-cp- p. aøm. 4:1 11. ]usemkv CS-hn- SmsX {]m n- p. Ah cmhpw ]Iepw sszh-k- n-[n-bn a yÿx snbvxp-h- p. As m.16:25; ^nen 1:3 11; simsem.1:3, 9 11. ]Øp- Zn-h-k-ßƒ Hcp-an- p-iqsn {]m n- p-sim- n-cp injy- m-cp-ss-taemwv s]s -t m-kvxp-\m-fn ]cnip- m-flmhv h -Xv. Ah XpS p {]m n- p-sim- n-cp- p. Hcp Znhkw Aøm-bn-cw-t] c n- -s p. ]ptcm-ln-x- m-cn Hcp- Iq w tbip-{in-kvxp-hn hniz-kn- p. As m. {]hr.2:4 6; 4: 4; 6: 4- - 7. eqy Hcp-Zn-hkw aq p-a-wn- q hoxw {]m -\-bn sne-h-gn- ph- p. \q m- p-i-fmbn _ -\-Ønhnip- -Po-hn-Xw 18 Ign- -e w XpS {InkvXo-b-th-e- mcpw {]m -\m-po-hn-xhpw kmap-h tem-k s{_ nƒ en-cp P\sØ kphn-ti-j-øns kzmx-{ y-øn-te p \S-Øn-bXp Ah-\m-Wv. tpm t\mivkv ]e cm{xn apgp-h {]m -\-bn sne-hm- n-b-xmbn Xs Ncn-{X- Øn \n p \mw hmbn- p- p. sszhw kvtim ve- ns\ Ah\p simsp-øp. _mivã Xs {]m -\m-ap-dnbn Xs Pohn p F p ]d-bmw. tpm sh- n-bpss Ub-dnbn \n pw Ah cm{xn-im-e-ßfn sszh-hp-am-bp kwk - Øn kabw sne-hm n F p \mw hmbn- p- p. sszhw Ahs\bpw Ah-t\mSp IqsS-bp- -h-scbpw-sim v Cw ns\ c n- p. tuhnuv {_bn-\m Uv Hcp txm ]px- p-sim v cm{xn-bn Xs apdn-bn Xd-bn InS v Dcp-fp- Ibpw {]m n- p-ibpw snbvxp-h- p. sszhw Ahs {]m \ ti p. A m-\n-ifpw Incm-X- mcp-am-bn-cp Hcp kaq-l-øn \n p Hcp henb Iq sø c n- p. Cw - ns\ Cf- nb BfloI DW v Bcw-`n- p- -Xns Xse cm{xn apgp-h tbm\m-ym FtUz Upw Xs kvt\ln-x- mcpw {]m -\- bn kabw sne-hm n. ]nt -Znhkw tbm\m-ym FtUz Uv {]kw-kn- m XpS-ßn-b-t mƒ sszh-øns ]cn-ip- m-flmhv P\- ß-fpsS CS-bn Bg-amb ]m]- t_m[w Df-hm- n. enhnw-kvã 28

... F t]tcm-sp-iq-snb Hcp kphn-tij-i Hcp Znhkw Hcp alm-tbm- K-Øn {]kw-kn- m-\mbn Wn- -s - p. C{X henb kaq-ltømsp {]kw-kn- p- -Xn-\p Xs i n-lo-\x a\- n-em n cm{xn apgp-h Ah sszhtømsp \ne-hn-fn- p. ]ns -Zn-hkw Xm {]kw-kn tbmk-øn 500 Bfp-Iƒ c n- -s - p. I Ømsh, {]m n- p the- msc Fgp-t -ev n-t -W-sa. Xm {]kw-kn p sim n-cp ÿe-ß-fn sszh-øns Bflmhv P\-Øn-s -ta hcn- Ibpw Bh-amb ]m]-t_m[w \evip-ibpw snøp- Xp ImWp- hsc ^n n {]m n- p. ^n n C{]-Imcw \ -s - p-t]m-ip P\- sø- p-dn v A[nIw `mc-s - -Xn- \m Ahs BscKyw \in- pt]m-ip-sa v IcpXn Ahs kvt\ln-x- m Ahs\ hn{i-a-øn- \mbn ]d- -b- p. F m Ah hn{i-an- p-hm a\- n- m- Ø-h-\mbn XncnsI h v ho pw {]m n- p-hm XpS-ßn. Hcp-Znhkw sszhw Xs {]m -\bv v adp-]sn \evin F v Ah\v Dd p e`n- p. AXns\ XpS p-ff Xs {]kw-k-ß-fn sszhw A pxw {]h Øn- p-hm XpS-ßn. A me-ß-fn Ah snbvx {]kw-kßƒ Hcp ]pkvx-i-ambn A -Sn- p. At\I cmpy-ß-fn Cu DW v hym]n- p- -Xn\v sszhw Ahs\ Bbp-[-ambn D]-tbm-Kn- p. Ata-cn- -bn Hcp kphn-ti-j- Is\ sszhw A p-x-ambn D]-tbm- Kn- p- Xv Rm I p. Ahs {]h Ø-\-Ønse hnp-b-øns clkyw Fs v Rm At\zjn- -t mƒ Ah \nc- -c-ambn {]m n- p a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp p F v Rm a\- n-em- n. {_mwsh Xs {]kw-k-ß-fn c n- -s -Sp Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcmSpw 5 an\n-s - nepw X\n p {]m n- p- -Xn\v Xß-fpsS the-i-fpss \Sphn kabw th Xn-cn- p- -Xn\v D]-tZ-in- pi ]Xn-hm-bn-cp- p. hym]m-c-ÿ-e-ß-fn km[-\-ßfpss CS-bn Ibdn Hfn- n-cp v {]m n- n- p- -h-cpss Ncn{Xw Rm ti n- p- v. Hcp CS-h-I-bn 13 h j- m-eßƒ XpS -bmbn BfloI DW v D m-bn-s m- n-cp- p. F m s]s v sszh-p-\-ßƒ Bflo-I-ambn Xf p. CXns Imc-W-sa v F p Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw At\ym\yw tnmzn- p-hm XpS-ßn. Hcp Znhkw Hcp km[p-hmb hnizmkn AhnsS Fgp-t - p-\n- psim v C{]-Imcw ]d p: ""13 h j-ß-fmbn F m i\n-bm-gvnbpw A -cm{xn Ign-bp- -Xp-hsc Rm {]m n- pi ]Xn-hm-bn-cp- p. F m c v BgvN-I-fmbn Rm AXp aps- n- -f- v.'' CXp Hcp bmym -sa- n {]m n- phm Npa-Xes n-cn- p \ΩpsS DØ-c-hmZw F{X hfsc F v \mw a\- n-em-t - -Xs? C{]-Imcw BgvN-bn Hcp cm{xn {]m n- p- -Xn\v Hmtcm CS-h-I-I-fnepw Iq ß-fnepw Nne Fgp-t -ev p-sa- n AXp F{X A\p-{K-lo-X-am- W-v. a p ÿe-ß-fn t]mbn {]h Øn- p- -Xn\v \n\ v kml- Ncyw A\p-Iq-e-a F n \n\ v snøm Ign-bp Hcp the-bs{x CXv. F m CXv elp-hmb Hcp the-bmwv F v Bcpw \ncq-]n- cp-xv. CXv hfsc {]bm-khpw ITn- \-hp-amb H -s{x. F m CXv kt mjw \evip- Xpw {]Xn-^-ehp-ap- -Xm-b-th-e-bp-am-Wv. Znh-kt mdpw c -c-a-wn- q hoxw {Iaambn {]m n- p-sim- n-cp Hcp kphn-ti-j-is\ F\n- -dn-bmw. At±-l-Øns the-bpss ^e- 29

... ambn At\-I c n- -s - p. 3. {]m -\-bv p t{]cw F m At±lw Ft msv cl-kyambn C{]-Imcw ]d- p. cl-ky- tºmƒ \mw XpS v hmbn- p-i- sszh-øns Bflmhv \ap v Xcp- {]m \ G hpw {]bm-k-amb tbm, \ΩpsS the-i-fn G s - H m-wv. ]e-t mfpw {]m -\m-apdn-bn-te v hfsc asn-tbm-sp-iq-ss- bv p t{]c-w-bpss i n Ipd- Sp-Itbm snbvxm {]m -\- bmwv Rm Ibdnt m-bn- p- -Xv. p-t]m-ip- p. {]m n- m-\p {_mwsh- ns A\p-`-hhpw CXm-bncp- p. At±lw Znh-k-t mdpw Bdp XΩn kvt\ln- p c m-fp- Bfl-i- nbpw C m-sx-bm-ipw. awn- q hoxw {]m n- p-h- p. Iƒ v Hcp-an- n-cp v kwkm-cn- F m {]m -\-bv mbn Xs - m\pw kt m-jn- m\pw D Xs ]e-t mgpw \n _- n-t - - hmrvo-t]mse \ap pw tbip-{inkvxp-hn-t\m-sp Iq -bva-bn Xmbn h n- p- v. {]m -\-bn A{i bpw, {]m -\-bn \n p kabw sne-hm- p- -Xn-\p Fgp-t - p-t]m-ip- -Xn-\p t{]c- Xmev]cyw D m-ti- -Xm-Wv. Wbpw Xm \nc- -c-ambn {]m -\-bpss B{K-lsØ Ipd- FXn t i n-i-fm-bn-cp p. p-i-f-bp i{xp-hn-t\msv adp-]sn e`n- p- n F p txm ptºmgpw hnkz-kn v Dd- n-cn- p- Xv \nßsf hn v HmSn-t m-ipw. FXn Øp-\n-ev pi. Ah G w {]bm-k-hp-am-bn-cp- p. adp-]sn asp-øp-t]m-imsx {]m ne`n- p- -Xp-hsc Ah sszhtømsv t]mcm-sn-s m- n-cn- pw. eqt m.18:1. CS-hn-SmsX {]m n- Ww F v I Ømhv ]Tn- n p F m Ah {]kw-kn- p-hm n F v hnip ]usemkv D]- Fgp-t -ev p-tºmƒ Im ta-lßƒ Bflo-I-amb amcn-bm-bn-øos\-s m v Hcp ] -WsØ c n- tz-in- p. {]m n- p Hcp a\p-jycpi ]Xn-hm-bn-cp- p. m-\pw, Hcp cmpysø Cf- phm\pw sszh-øn\v Ign-bpw. Gen- C{]-Imcw {]m n- p sszha- ƒ v {]m -\-bn Ccn- p- - bmhv I tω-en sh- pw, Zm\n-tb Xn\v {]bm-k-ap- m- p Imcyßƒ Fs - m-amwv? Øns P\-Øn-\p-th n tlmtd- _m_n-tem-wn h- pw, tami sszh- 1. Zp m-flm- ƒ ]c-ky-tbm-k-ßfn Bfp-Iƒ ap n-t \nev p- p-i. C{]-Imcw sszh-a- ƒ _n sh pw {]m n- Xp {i n- Xv I m i{xp-hn\v `b-an-. {]m n- p-sa- n \mw A p-xßƒ ImWpw. Xs a -fpss AXp-sIm v ]e-t mgpw henb t\ -ß-sfm pw D m-ip-i-bn {]m -\bv v adp-]-sn \evi-p-hm F v Ah-\-dn-bmw. A m clky-ambn Hcp hnizmkn ap n- tkmtzm-an-\p-th n {]m n- p. sszhw ImØn-cn- p- p. A{_lmw t \n v Ah sszh-øn \n v Ah tnmzn- -Xn-s\ mw sszhw Imcyw t\spw F v k{xp-hn\v Adnbm-hp- -Xn-\m-es{X AXn-t\mSv \-Øn- -te v \ap v ss[cy- adp-]sn \evin. AXn-\m Ir]m-k- FXn p- -Xv. tømss ASp-Øp-h-cn-I-bpw, 2. tcmk-ßƒ, Dd- n-f- v, Aan-Xamb ` Ww F nh \nanøw ico-c-ønepw a\- nepw D m-ip Xf Hcp Imc-W-am-bnØo-cm-hp- - Xm-Wv. \ΩpsS kv\txmjw ]q Æ-am-tI- -Xn\v \ΩpsS Bh-iy-ßsf sszhsø Adn-bn- p-ibpw snømw (F-{_m. 4:16.) (XpS-cpw.) 30

... anj-\dn Ncn-{X-ßƒ sl {Sn: \ t]m s]mcp-xn, Hm w XnI- p Ata-cn- -bnse sduv C y- m-cpss CS-bn {]h Øn bphan-j-\-dn-bmb tuhnuv {_bn- \m Uns (1718 1747) Ub-dn- pdn- p-iƒ sl {Sn am ns\ Bg- Øn kzm[o-\n- n-cp p. {_bn- \m Un-s\-t mse am n-\pw buh- \-Øn Xs I Xr-k- n-[n-bnte v tn -s - p. ]t Ccphcpw D m-l-øn asp- n- msx I Øm-hns\ tkhn- -Xn-\m hfsc henb t\ -ßƒ Npcp-ßnb Ime-ßƒs m v D m n. Ccph-cp-sSbpw Ub-dn- p-dn- p-ifpw Fgp-Øp-Ifpw ac-w-tijw At\- Im-bn-c-ßsf kzm[o-\n- p-hm-\n-sbm-bn. Xß-fpsSbp n \S- psim- n-cp Bflo-b-kw-L- \-ßsf- p-dn v Xpd- -a-\t mss Ccphcpw Ub-dn- p-dn- p-i-fn shfns -Sp-Øn-bn- p- v. C y-bn FØn-t v GXm\pw Znh-k-ßƒ p-tijw 1806 G{]n 30 \v am n Xs Ub-dn-bn Ipdn- n Nne hcn-iƒ Xmsg simsp- p p: kphn-ti-j-the-bn {]Xn-^-en \nem-sh-fn- - Øn \S p \oßp- p. hnj-æamb Nn -I-fm Fs lrzbw XpS- -Øn Xo{h-th-Z-\-bm Xf n-cp p. F m Xs HuZm-cy-Zm-\-ß-fpsS m\-øn- \mbn X n B{i-bn- p-hm-\p Ir] A p-x-i-c-ambn sszhw F\n p ]I p-\ In. Xo bmbpw AXp-sIm v Rm ho pw ]dbpw "skcp- m-t_- ens apºn-ep alm-] -Xta \o B? \o ka-`q-an-bmbv Xocpw'. AXp-sN-øpI F Xv sszh-øn\v F{X Ffp- -amwv! X -k-a-bøv AXp \S- n-cn pw. Xt±-io-b-\mb Hcp-hs t]mepw am\-km- cw Rm Hcn- epw ImWp- n-s - nepw Fs abpw kln-jvwp- Xbpw `mhn-an-j-\-dn-amsc D m-ln- n- p-hm sszhw D]-tbm-Kn-t - mw. F m Fs A p-x-s - Sp-Øp- Xv C sø Fs ImgvN- m-sp-iƒ Cw - n Bbn-cp- t mƒ D m-bn-cp- -Xn \n v F{X-tØmfw amdn-bn-cn- p p F -XmWv. Ahn-iz-kn-I-fpsS thk-øn-ep am\-km- -c-øns Z i\w \ Ip kt m-jhpw {]Xo- -Ifpw Fs lrz-bsø hni-kn- n- n-cp- p. F m ChnsS Akm- y-x-iƒ kv]jvs-ambn shfn-s -Sp-tºmƒ Bflm-hns\ Xmßn-\n Øp-hm i -amb hnizmkw Bh-iy-amWv. k o Ø-\-ßƒ 131:2 Rm Fs {]mws\ Xmtem-en pan m- Xm- p p Xs AΩ-bpsS ASp- 31

v... ape-ip-sn-am-dnb ss]x F -t]mse Fs {]mw Fs ASp- ape-ipsn amdn-b-xpt]mse BIp p F v ZmhoZv ]msp- -Xp-t]mse Pohn-X-Øn t\cn {]Xn-Iq-e-ß-fpsS a y- Øn sszh-øns ASp- \n v e`n {]Xym-i-bpsS hn-\- ß-fm lrzbsø i n-s -Sp- Øp-I-bmWv am n\pw snbvxxv. anj-\-dn-am p-am-{x-a km[m-cw hnizm-kn-iƒ pw amxr-i-bm- phm Ign-bp \s mcp ioe-am-wn- Xv. anj-\-dn-po-hn-xsø pdn- p am ns kz w \nb-a-ßƒ kxy- Øn hfsc efn-x-am-bn-cp- p. Bfp-Isf pdn- p Adnhpw Xncpsh-gp-Øp-I-tfm-Sp ASp- hpw sszh-tøm-sp Iq m-bvabpw kz w lrz-b-sø- p-dn- p ]T- \hpw Ch-bm-bn-cp p Ah. efnxamb Cu Imcy-ßƒ sl {Snam n Xs Pohn-X-Øn I i-ambn \S- m- n-bn-cp- -Xn-\m kphn-ti-j-tlm-j-w-øn Xt msv kl-i-cn- n-cp F m-hcpssbpw kvt\lhpw {]iw-kbpw t\sn-sb-sp- p-hm At±-l-Øn\v Ign- n-cp- p. "kvt\l-øns ]q Æ{]`m-h-Øn At±lw {]tim-`n- n-cp p. hnh-c-w-ßƒ - Xo-X-ambn lrz-bsø kzm[o-\n- p Hcp kz o-b-tx-p Ft mgpw At±lw hln- n-cp p' F mwv am ns I - -bnse Hcp kplrøv A`n-{]m-b-s - -Xv. am ns ax-hnizmk-ß-tfmsv hntbm-pn- p- m-bn-cp- n pw At±-ltØmSv _ -s - n-cp ]e pw hy n-]-c-ambn At±-l-tØmSv kvt\lhpw _lp-am-\hpw D m-bncp- p. Xs \nkzm -amb tkh- \-ßƒ A\p-`-hn- n-cp Zcn-{Zcpw \ncm-ew-_-cp-amb Bfp-Iƒ am{xa kaq-l-øn A[n-Im-chpw kzm[o-\hpw D m-bn-cp At\- Icpw C q- -Øn D m-bn-cp- p.- "R-ßƒ p am n-\n Hcp AXnt{ijvT ]WvUn-Xs\ am{x-a G hpw kuay\pw {]k- \pw kvt\l-k-º- -\p-amb hy n-sb- q-sn-bmwv ImWp-hm Ign- Xv. At±lw ax-im-cy-ß-fn AXyp- m-ln-bm-bn-cp- p. hnizm-k-hn-j-bß-sf- p-dn v hmkv m-z-ßƒ \S-Ønbn-cp- p-sh- nepw hnip- hpw A m-ø-xp-amb H -t\iw Imcy-ßsf- p-dn v kwkm-cn- p-ibpw a p- -hsc Nncn- n- p-ibpw snøp-ambn-cp p' F mwv t_ms_-bn-te- p I bm-{x-bn H -ap- mbn-cp ]ps\-bnse {_n ojv dkn- U m-bn-cp F ^n tãm am ns\ pdn v A`n-{]m-b-s - -Xv. CSp-ßnb hn`m-ko-b-nn- -Ifn \n v amdn a p k`-i-fp-ambn sfiy-x-bn t]mipif -Xm-bncp p am ns coxn. C y-bnse 32

... hn]-co-x-]-cn-xÿn-xn-ifpw sh phn-fn-ifpw XcWw snøp-hm k`- Iƒ XΩn tbmpn v \oß-wsa v am n hniz-kn- n-cp- p. {]txy-in v lnµp- -ap nw hn`m-k-ßtfm-sp Bi-b-hn-\n-abw, ss nƒ X a F n-h-tbm- Sp _ -Øn A ao-\n-b k`-bp-ambn I - -bn sh v At±lw ÿm]n kulrzw t] jy-bn sn -t mgpw XpS-cp- I-bp- m-bn. Xp n-bn sh v am n ac-wa-s- -t mƒ At±-l-Øns `uxn- I-i-cocw D]-Nm-c-]q w kwkvicn- p-hm A ao-\n-b ]ptcm-ln- X- m H pw asn-im-wn- n. {_n ojv anen- dn Kh sa n \n v ]ou-\-ßƒ G p-hm-tß- nh ItØm-en- m, _m]v nãv kaq-l-ßƒ v am n Nne kµ `-ß-fn-sems klm-b-ßƒ snbvxn-cp- p. Cßs\sbms -bm-sw- nepw kphn-ti-jo-i-c-w-øn hnhm-z-hnj-b-ßsf ]q Æ-ambn Hgn-hm- phm-s\m pw am n Xøm-dm-bn. C mw ax-øns ]Tn- n- -ep- Isf hna in- p-sim- p hmzßƒ \nd- -h-bm-bn-cp p t] jybn sh v At±lw ]pd-øn-d- nb hnhmz elp-te-j-iƒ. Cw - n \n p I Ib-dp-tºmƒ Jpdms Cw ojv ]Xn- nse t]mepw Hcp hm pw Xm hmbn- n-cp- n-. F m ap owßtfmsp kphn-ti-jo-i-c-w- Øn\v Jpdm-s\- - n-bp Adnhv AXym-h-iy-am-sW v At±lw Xncn- dnbpibpw Jpdm hmbn v Bh-iy-Øn\v ]mwvunxyw t\sp- Ibpw snbvxp. am ns\ Hcp ]WvUn-X-an-j-\-dn-bmbn ]ecpw ImWp- Xv Cu Imc-W-ß-fmsems bmwv. C y-bnse {_n ojv DtZym-K-ÿ- m-cn `qcn-]- hpw Xt±-io-b-tcmSv ]p -tømss-bmwv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp- -Xv. F m C y- msc ho n kzoi-cn- n-cp am n\v IdpØ ] - m-c Fs mcp hnfn-t cv e`n- ncp p. kmam-py-xz-im-gvn- m-sp-isf X n- -f v Xm sns -Øp \msns\bpw Ahn-SpsØ kwkvimc-søbpw Dƒs m- p-sim v Ahn-SpØ P\-ß-fp-sS-bn-S-bn {]h Øn- p-hm-\mwv am n {ian- -Xv. hmkzm-z-ßƒ pw N -Iƒ p-a- pdw sszh-kvt\-l-øns kv] i\w lrz-b-ß-fn D m-h- W-sa v At±lw B{K-ln- n-cp p. Hcn- am n C{]-Im-c-sa-gp-Xn: ""temi-ønse a\p-jysc AXp {InkvXym-\n-I-fm-bmepw apl-ω-zob-cm-bmepw ax-sa v Ah hnfn- p Imcyw Ah-cpsSXs Hcp I p-]n-sp-ø-am-sw pw AXn\v sszh-hp-ambn bmsxm-cp-_- -hp-ans pw t_m[y-s -Sp-ØpI F Xv icn pw Akm- y-amwv''. hy n-]-c-amb kw`m-j-w-ß-fneqss kphn-ti-j-k-tµ-i-ßƒ sndp-kw-l-ß-tfmsv ] n-sp coxnsb At±lw CjvS-s - n-cp- p. Npcp- -Øn Bflm-hns\ ti{µo- I-cn- p Hcp {]h Ø\ coxnbmwv am n ]n p-s n-cp- -Xv. kphn-ti-jo-i-cn- p-hm B{Kln P\-ß-fpsS `mj-iƒ am{xa Ah-cpsS Nn m-tem-i-søbpw a\- n-em- p-hm am n ]cn-{i- 33

... an- n-cp- p. C y-bn Atlm-cm{Xw {]h Øn- n-cp sl {Sn am ns G hpw henb {]iv\w Chn-SsØ Imem-h-ÿ-bm-bn-cp- p. CXp-aqew At±-l-Øns BtcmKyw h msx bn- p. kztz-itø p as-ßm Xocp-am- \n- p. F m t] jy, Ad_n ]pxn-b-\n-b-a-ß-fpss hnh Ø\w ]q Øo-I-cn- pi F Dt±-iytØmsS bm{x t] jy-h-gn-bm- n. Ahn-sS-h v sl {Sn am ns Btcm-Ky-ÿnXn Cu ka-bøv IqSp-X hj-fm-bn. Ahn-SsØ {_n ojv ÿm\-]xn Hukvtebpw `mcybpw At±-lsØ kt m-jtømss ip{iq-jn- p. \m n-te p as-ßp-hm-\mbn tim Ãm n-t\m- nƒ e y-am-bn-t m-ip Hcp kwl-øn-s\m w sl {Sn am n A[nIw Xma-kn- msx ho pw bm{x-bm-cw-`n- p. 1812 sk]v w-_-dnem-bn-cp- pcu sndn-b-kwlw bm{x XpS-ßn-b-Xv. ]pcm-x-\- t] jy cmp-]m-x-bn-eqss GXm v 1200 ssaep-iƒ Xm nbp Hcp bm{x-bm-bn-cp p AXv. Xp n-bn Im kv F ÿe- Øp-IqSn t]mip-tºmƒ tim Ãm n-t\m- n-fn tπkv ]S p-]n-sn- p- -Xm-bp hm Ø Ah-c-dn- p. hfsc thk-øn bm{x XpS-cp-hm klm-bn-iƒ At±-lsØ \n _- n- p-sim- ncp- p. F m AXy-[nIw own- X-\m-bn-cp sl {Sn am n\v CXv Xmßp-hm-\m-hp-am-bn-cp- n-. 1812 HIvtSm-_ Bdn-\mWv sl {Sn Xs Ub-dn-bn Ah-km-\-ambn Nne hcn-iƒ Ipdn- -Xv. XpS p ]Øv Znh-k-ß-sf- p-dn- p hnhc-ß-sfm pw e`y-a-. 1812 HIvtSm- _ 16 \v sl {Sn am n Xs {]b-xv\-ß-fn \n p hn{i-an p I Øm-hn \n{z {]m]n- p. tsm v F ÿeøv Xs kplr-øp- -fmb A ao-\n-b k`m-hn-izm-kn-i-fmwv At±-l- Øns arx-tzlw kwkv -cn- Xv. hfsc h j-ßƒ p-tijw At±l-Øns Hm Ω-bv m-bp Hcp ih-ip-socw AhnsS ]Wn-bp-I-bp- m-bn. sszh-øn-\mbn Fcn- -Sßnb B Pohn-Xw, Xs Xe-ap-dbnepw ]n X-e-ap-d-Ifnepw At\- I v Bth-ihpw D m-lhpw ]I-cp- -Xm-bn-cp- p. ]e coxn-i-fnep anj-\dn {]h Ø-\-co-Xn- Iƒ v amxr-i-bm-bn-cp p sl {Sn am ns Pohn-Xw. F m ss{ikvx-h-hn-`m-k-ß-tfmspw At±lw ASp w ÿm]n- n-cp- p. C y kwkvim-csø At±lw kvt\ln- p. C y-bnse lnµp- tfmspw Ckvemw ax-hnizmknitfmspw hfsc ]mwvun-xy-tømss kphn-tijw ] p-h- p. Ip n- Iƒ mbn kviqfp-iƒ ÿm]n- p. CXn-s\ mw ]pdta _lp-`mjm ]WvUn-X\pw ss nƒ hnh Ø- I-\p-am-bn-cp sl {Sn am n kxy-øn Hcp _lp-apj {]Xn- `-bm-bn-cp- p. I Øm-hn-t\m-Sp Af-h kvt\lhpw kphn-ti-jtøm-s-p ka -W-hp-am-bn-cp p sl {Sn am n F bph anj- \-dn v anj-\dn hoc- m-cpss ] n- I-bn AXp-ey-amb CSw t\sns m-sp-ø-xv. (A-h-km-\n- p) t_m_n Ipcy 34

... YOUTH SECTION The Making of Peter the Disciple -II Disciples Want To Walk On Top Of Every Sin Sandeep Poonen We saw how recognizing our deep sinfulness is a key basic ingredient of being a disciple of Jesus. Jesus welcomes all such people to follow Him. But when we choose to follow Him, we are making a momentous choice: We are following the Creator of the Universe, the most powerful Being. But by doing so, we ve also aroused the ferocious hatred of the devil. He hates God, and therefore hates every child of God. So it is natural to expect that the devil will seek to persecute all of God s children. We see this in the parable of the soils in Matthew 13. The first soil is the road where the seed doesn t even break the surface. They have no sense of their own sinfulness and are easily ensnared by Satan. But the next soil (the rocky soil) represents those who receive God s words with joy, but give up when faced with affliction. So I want to look at the story of Jesus and Peter walking on water in Matthew 14:22-33 and learn some lessons about dealing with afflictions in life. The story of Jesus walking on the water is a parable as much as a miracle. There were numerous times that Jesus had to cross the Sea of Galilee, and every other time He used the boat. So when He walked on water here, He was not showing off His Divinity. He was teaching His disciples (including us) a spiritual lesson. Battered as a result of obeying Jesus The story begins with the disciples getting onto a boat on the specific instructions of Jesus. But soon after, they were battered by the waves and winds (Matthew 14:24). Jesus never promises a smooth ride in our obedience to Him. Some Christian books and preachers can claim an easy and painless Christian life, but that simply isn t true. Our leader in the New Covenant is Jesus. He suffered resistance and ridicule, and ultimately a painful death. His closest disciples were all severely persecuted too. Daniel escaped the lions and Daniel s 3 friends escaped the fiery furnace, but countless Christians were eaten by lions and burned at the stake. There are definitely stories of miraculous escapes even in the New Covenant, but these miracles are the exceptions. Most Christians who were put in front of lions or in the fiery stake died! 35

... But there are other kinds of storms we also face: difficult workplaces, harassment from neighbors, rejection from family and friends, and so on. And such things can feel especially difficult where there isn t an end in sight. But whether or not we face external storms, every one of us deal with the storms of sin that can batter us. It could be unforgiveness towards someone, or strong sexual desires, anger, jealousy, greed, etc. Any one of these can haunt us constantly. And no matter what we try, we are not able to gain consistent victory. The word that might best summarize our lives could be this one: battered! Jesus walked on top of every temptation The first thing we must do to deal with our storms is to look at Jesus. We can very often be tempted to look at ourselves or those around us. But from where comes our help? From the Lord (Psalm 121:1-2)! So when we re feeling battered by sin, we must train our hearts to look to Jesus. When we look for Him, we will find that He is IN the storm, and pointing to a life that WALKS on top of the stormy waters. Jesus walked in total victory over every storm of sin that sought to batter Him. Jesus did not sin for even one second during his thirty-three plus years on this earth. To me, this is the most astounding truth in the Bible. It is a trillion times more majestic and magnificent than the fact that Jesus walked on water. The message of Jesus total victory over sin is indisputable (Hebrews 4:15). Jesus walked on top of every single temptation that He faced. And He overcome sin as a man, not as God (because God cannot be tempted James 1:13). Jesus calls disciples who are interested to walk on top of every storm of sin Verse 28-29a: Peter said to Him, Lord, if it is You, command me to come to You on the water. And He said, Come! In many miracles, Jesus invited disciples and others to help Him, but not to actually perform the miracle with Him. So the servants poured the water into the water pots, but it was still water until He turned that water into wine. Jesus took the little boy s 5 loaves and 2 fish, but they were still 5+2 when it left the little boy s hand. Jesus took it and used it to feed over 5000. But here s one miracle where Jesus invites Peter to perform the miracle too. Why was Peter alone able to walk on water, and not the other 11 disciples? Because He saw His Master walking on the water and remembered the call of Jesus for him: Follow Me. So if Peter was meant to follow Jesus, and Jesus walked on water, then maybe Peter could follow Him here too? But Peter didn t jump up in youthful exuberance and just do it. Yes, he was eager to do it, but he knew that it required the command of Jesus to make it possible. So when Jesus gave the simple command Come, Peter knew that he would surely be able to walk on water. What is the spiritual application? Jesus commands us to follow His example in walking in triumph over every sin that oppresses us. In our battle over sin, we are asked to follow in His footsteps, who was tempted in all points as we 36

... are, but without sin. 1 Peter 2:21-22 For you have been called for this purpose, since Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example for you to follow in His steps, who committed no sin, nor was any deceit found in His mouth Not all of us have been given the gifts of the Holy Spirit to heal or work miracles. But we are ALL asked to follow the example of Jesus to fight for victory over every sin. No one is exempt from that call. No sin should have dominion over us because we are living under grace (the rich power of God that helps us overcome sin) Romans 6:14. So while we don t copy Jesus in physically walking on water, we must seek to follow Jesus in overcoming all sin. Disciples can walk on water with Jesus Verse 29: And He said, Come! And Peter got out of the boat, and walked on the water and came toward Jesus. Our past experience will tell us that we cannot walk on top of our temptations. But this is nonetheless God s plan, and it is truth because it is written in God s Word. 1 Corinthians 10:13 No temptation has overtaken you but such as is common to man; and God is faithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with the temptation will provide the way of escape also, so that you will be able to endure it. Here are some truths that we can absolutely believe from this verse: The number of temptations that we uniquely face is zero. The number of temptations that do not have a way of escape is zero. The number of temptations where we simply cannot endure (through God s way of escape) is zero. So all disciples cannot settle for any lower goal than victory over all sin. If we believe that it was OUR SINS that nailed Jesus to the cross, then we must not tolerate living with any sins. We cannot settle for constantly taking cover under the blood of Jesus. Disciples seek to walk on top of their sins. If we truly long for Jesus, we will long to be like Him. And we will indeed be like Him when He returns. If this our genuine hope, we will purify ourselves based on His level of purity in the meantime (1 John 3:2-3). To purify yourself is crystal clear the active pursuit to be increasingly free from sin. 1 John 3:6 No one who abides in Him sins; no one who sins has seen Him or knows Him. One cannot choose to abide in God and tolerate any sin within. Disciples are disgusted by every trace of sin. Disciples are convinced that Jesus walked successfully on top of every storm of sin. Disciples are gripped with His call that they too can walk on top of their sins. May God find us to be such disciples. 37

... THOUGHT FOR THE MONTH GOD S WORK OR MAN S WORK Santosh Poonen In the opposite lives of Israel s first two kings, Saul and David, we can learn some valuable lessons about God s ways. Here are five areas we can consider: 1. Who s idea is it? Saul was chosen because the people demanded a king. In doing so, they rejected God s authority over their lives (I Samuel 8:7), wanting to make their own decisions like the rest of the world did. David on the other hand, was God s choice (I Samuel 13:14), signifying complete submission to God s authority. Application: Do the decisions that you make in your life begin with your bright ideas? Then they will end in destruction just like Saul s kingdom did. Instead, let God be the one who decides what you need and when. 2. How do you make choices? Saul was the tallest and most handsome man in the country (I Samuel 9:2) and was chosen by lot (I Samuel 10:20-21). Picking him based on these criteria was the human way of making choices. As a result, when he felt threatened by David later on, he had to protect his throne by human means. David, on the other hand, though despised by his own family, was chosen by the prophetic utterance of God, based not on the outward appearance, but on the heart (I Samuel 16:1-12). Since God s word never fails, David could always rely on God to defend His throne, instead of having to defend himself. Application: Is your life self-made, and something you can be proud of? Then you will always have to fight your own battles to protect your territory. And, unless you repent, you will eventually be exposed and God will remove the anointing from you, as He did with Saul. If your life is God-made, however, you can be sure that God will see you and defend you, even if no one else does! The God-made life is a life of faith one of constant 38

... dependence on God, and that comes from hearing the prophetic word of Christ (Romans 10:17). 3. Whose approval do you seek? Saul was led into disobedience as a result of wanting to please the people (I Samuel 15:15). Then, when Samuel exposed his sin, Saul was more worried about his reputation before these people than about the seriousness of his sin. His response was, I have sinned; but (I Samuel 15:30). When David s sins of adultery and murder were exposed, his repentance was without excuse: I have sinned against the Lord. He therefore received immediate forgiveness from God (II Samuel 12:12). Application: You face the choice of either pleasing people by your life, or serving Christ (Galatians 1:10). 4. How do you use your authority? Saul used his authority to take advantage of the people grabbing the best of their financial profits and using their children as his slaves for his own personal gain (I Samuel 8:11-17). David s use of authority, on the other hand, is exemplified in the way he shepherded his sheep. He was not willing that even one of the lambs under his care should perish, but risked his own life for their sake (I Samuel 17:34-36). He was loving and merciful even to his enemies (Saul, Shimei, Absalom, etc.). Application: Are you unwilling to lay down your life for the sake of those in your care? Do you derive personal gain out of your ministry? Then God will discard you and replace you with a shepherd after His own heart. 5. Whose glory do you seek? When Saul was established as king he built a monument to himself (I Samuel 15:12). David, however, lived to worship God, and so he wanted to build a house for God (II Samuel 7:1-2). Application: What is the goal of your life? Amid all the blessings and peace in your life, or the hardships and turmoil, is it your only desire to seek God s face and worship Him? God will honor you if you honor Him. In examining these areas, we can determine in every situation whether we are doing our own work, which will eventually come to nothing, or God s work, which will last forever. God s covenant with David was an everlasting one (II Samuel 23:5), which was fulfilled in Jesus, the Son of David, who lived such a life perfectly. Jesus is our Example from start to finish (Hebrews 12:2). Let us follow Him! 39

... FUn-t m-dnb XpS... F mwv? Cu temi-øns am\w, AwKo-Im-cw, Bcm-[\ XpS-ßn-bh t\sm \ap p KqV-amb Xm ]cyw Dt m?. C m-cy-øn \mw \nebp-d- n- n-cn- p- Xp tbip-hn-t\m-ssm- -a-s - n kwi-b-an \mw FXn {In-kvXp-hn-t\m-sSm- -am-wv. aq m-asø ]co ]nt bpw AhnsS \n v Hcp ]Sn apt m- m-wv. ]nimnv tbip-hns\ ]co- n- p ka-bøv Ahn-Sp- p-kv\m-\-ta p ]cky-ip-{iq-jbv p Cd-ßp- -tx-bp- p. Hcp \ bpw hcn-i-bn-s p P\w hniz-kn- n-cp \kvtd-øn \n v FØnb Hcp X anin-lm-bm-sw p sblqz ax-k-aqlw AwKo-I-cn- m Hcp km[y-xbpw C m-ø-t mƒ kmøm Hcp Ffp- -hgn \n t±-in- p-i-bm-bn-cp- p- -sb-lq-zs sbcpitew tzhm-e-b-øns A{K-Øn \n p Xs NmSn A pxw ImWn v ax-a-wvu-e-øn Hcp ÿm\w Iø-S- p-i. ]t temisø `cn- p AtX aqey-ßƒ Xs Bflo-b-cw-KØpw sim p-h-cp-hm-\p kmøms \n t±-isø tbip-x- n- -f- p. F m C p {InkvXob hnizm-k-tem-iøp {]h Øn- p- -h {InkvXp \ Ip Cu ]mtw F{X-tØmfw Dƒs m- n-cn- p p?. Cu aq p ]co- -Isf t\cn- -t mgpw Cu temi-øn X\n-s mcp Xm ]-cy-an- m-ø-h-s\-t m-se, Cu temi- m-c-\- m-ø-h-s\- t msebmwp tbip s]cp-am-dn-b-sx Imcyhpw {i n- p-i. Cu temiøp P\n- p Hmtcm Ip pw Npcp- n- n-sn apjvsn-i-fp-am-bmwp P\n p hogp- -sx p ]d-bm-dp- v. ChnsS In p Hmtcm Ah-k-chpw, Hmtcm km[y-xbpw X\n- p-th- n, Xs kzm -X-bv p-th n D]- tbm-kn- m-\p ]m]-øn howp-t]mb temi-øns apeyt_m[-søbmwv CXp ImWn- p- -Xv. ]t Cu temi-øn hnp-b-sa pw t\ sa pw ]d-bp- -Xns\ tbip \nc-kn- p. Cu temi-øns aqey-t_m[w A\p-k-cn p {]h Øn- m Ahn-Sp p hn -Ω-Xn- p. as mcp temi- Øns Bfn-s\-t m-se-bm-wv, Ahn-SsØ aqey-t_m[w Iøm-fp Hcphs\t mse-bmwp tbip Cu ]co- -Isf t\cn- -Xv. HSp-hn hns Ønb apjvsn-i-fn BWn-Iƒ Xd-bv -s v {Iqin acn p InS- p tbip Pohn-X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw Xm ]n Xp-S at\m-`m-h-øns {]Xo-I-ambn amdn. hnizm-k-øns A[ym-b-amb F{_m-b 11, tbiphns CtX at\m-`mhw ]n p-s -Nne hnizm-k-ho-c- m-sc- p-dn p tcjs -Sp-Øn-bn-cn- p- Xp {i n- pi:""...-hm-kvzø tziøv Hcp A\y-tZiØv F t]mse sn p...-iq-sm-c-ß-fn ]m Øp-sIm v sszhw inev]n-bmbn \n an- Xpw ASn-ÿm-\-ß-fp- -Xp-amb \K-c-Øn-\mbn ImØn-cp p'' (9,10) ""`qan-bn Xßƒ A\ycpw ]c-tz-in-ifpw F p G p-]-d- p-sim v hnizm-k-øn acn p'' (13). ""Ahtcm A[nIw \ -Xn-s\, kz o-b-am-b-xns\ Xt Imw n- - n-cp- p.'' (16). 40

... ""an{k-bo-anse \nt -]-ß-sf- mƒ {InkvXp-hns \nµ henb [\w F v FÆp-Ibpw snbvxp'' (26) ""temiw Ah p tbmky-am-bn-cp- n '' (38) Cu `qan-bn Pohn- p-tºmƒ Xs ChnsS A\ycpw ]c-tz-in-ifpw! {]hm-kniƒ F {]tbmkw C p hfsc ]cn-nn-x-am-wv. A\y-tZ-iØv B tzi-ønse ]uc- m-cpss Ah-Im-i-ß-sfm pan msx Ign-bp as mcp cmpy- m-sc-bmwp {]hm-kn-iƒ F p hnfn- p- -Xv. \mw Cu `qan-bn {]hm-kn-i-fm-sw t_m[yw Cu temiøp ]uc-xz-t_m-[- Øns Ah-Im-i-ßsfm pan- m-sx, Cu temi-øns aqey-t_m-[-ßƒ Iøm-fmsX Pohn- m \sωbpw klm-bn- pw (1 ]t{xm.2:11). tbip ]co- -Iƒ Pbn- Xn \sωkw_- n v Gsd {]k- -amb as mcp Imcy-ap- v Ahn-Sp p Xs a\p-jy-xz-øn-emwv ]nim-nns ]co- -Isf Pbn- -Xv. ]e-t mgpw Cu Imcyw \mw {i n- m-dn-. tbip `qan-bn-em-bn-cp- -t mƒ Ahn-Sp p ]q W sszhhpw ]q W a\p-jy\pw Bbn-cp- -t m. F m Ahn-Sp p ]nim-nns ]co- -Isf t\cn- -t mƒ Xs a\p-jy-xz-øn Xs \n p-sim v Ahsb Pbn- -W-sa- m-bn-cp p ]nxm-hns lnxw. ImcWw F m am{xta Ahn- Sp p k h-ønepw \ap p Xpey-ambn (F-{_m-b 4:15) \ap p apt m- Sn-bmbn (fore runner) Xocp-I-bp- t m (F-{_m. 6:20). F n am{xta kie-ønepw ktlm-z-c- m p kzr-i-\mbn (F-{_m. 2:17) \ap p ]n Xp- S-cp-hm Ahn-Sp-tØ v Hcp Im p-h-sp-h-t p t]mim Ign-bp-I-bp- -t m. (]-t{xmkv 2:21). ImcWw \mw \ΩpsS a\p-jy-xz-øn-emwp ]nim- Nns\ ]co- -bn txmev]n- p- -Xv. tbiphpw AXp-sIm p Xs sszh-xz-øns Ign-hp-I-sfm pw D]-tbm-Kn- msx a\p-jy-s\- p \ne- ]m-sn \n p-sim p kmøms\ txmev]n- -W-sa- m-bn-cp p sszhln-xw. AXp-sIm- p-xs ]co- -bpss L -Øn ]nimnv a\p-jy-xz- Øns \ne-]m-sn \n p tbip-hns\ am m {ian- p- Xpw tbip t_m[-]q hw Xs Xm Hcp a\p-jy-s\ \ne-]m-sn ASn-bp-d p \n p-sim p kmøms\ Pbn- p- Xpw B `mkw {i n p hmbn- m \ap p a\- n-em-ipw. ]nimnv H m-asø ]co- -bn tbip-hn-t\msp ]d-bp- Xv "\o sszh- ]p-{x-s\- n Cu I n-t\msv A -ambn Xocm Iev]n ' F m-wv. (a- Ømbn 4:3) CXn\p 40 Znhkw ap ]mwv tbm ±m IS-hn kz K-Ønse -sszhw "Ch Fs {]nb-]p-{x ' F p {]Jym-]n- Xv (aøm 3:17) ]co- -I ]nxm-hmb sszh-øns Cu {]Jym-]-\-Øns \ne- ]m-sp-x-d-bn \n p-sim v tbip-hn-t\msp ]d-bp p: "\o sszh-]p-{x- \t Cu I n-t\msv A -am-bn-øo-cm Iev]n- p.' D v, tbip sszh-]p-{x-\m-wv. sszh-am-wv. F m ChnsS Xs a\pjy-xz-øn ]nimnns\ Pbn- pi F \ne-]m-sn \n p am n sszhln-x-øn \n p Xs AI- m \S-Øp {iasø Xncn- -dn- p. AXp-sIm v tbip AXn-\p-\ Ip adp-]sn {i nt m? ""a\p-jy A w-sim- p- am{x-a-, sszh-øns hmbn IqSn hcp ki-e-h-n- \w-sim pw Pohn- p- p.'' (a-ømbn 4:4) tbip t_m[-]q hw a\p-jy 41

... F \ne-]m-sn Xs \nev p-i-bm-wv. DSs\ ]nimnp ho pw: ""\o sszh-]p-{x-s\- n Xmg-tØm p NmSpI'' F m-h-iy-s - p. tbip-hns\ ho pw sszh-]p-{x F \ne-]m-sn-te p sim p-h-cp-hm-\p X{ w. tbip AXn\p adp-]-sn-bmbn Hcp sszh-h- N-\-amWv D -cn- p- -Xv. AXv Bh Ø\ ]pkvxiw 6:16 BWv ""\ns sszh-amb I Øm-hns\ ]co- n- -cp-xv.'' bn{k-tb a ƒ km[mcw a\p-jy-sc \ne-bn a m-bn h p Xß-fpsS sszh-amb btlmhsb ]co- n p \in- n- -s pt]mb kµ `w Hm an- n v tamsi AhtcmSp sszh-am-b-i Øm-hns\ ]co- n- -cp-sx v Hm an- n v DW Øp- -cw-kw. Chn-sSbpw ]nimnv Bh-iy-s - -t]mse sszh-]p-{x-s\- -Xs ]Z-hn-I-øm-fm tbip hn -Ω-Xn- p-i-bm-wv. tbip Xs a\p-jy-xz- Øn Xs ]nim-nns ]co- -Isf Pbn- p. Ahs ta Ptbm- hw sim m-sn. F m C pw FXn {In-kvXp-hns Bflmhv CXp-k-Ω-Xn- p-i-bns - Xp {i n- pi: ""sszhm-flm-hns\ CXn-\m Adnbmw: tbip- {InkvXp PU-Øn h p F p kzoi-cn- p Bflm-shm-s bpw sszh- Øn \n p- -Xv. tbip-hns\ kzoi-cn- m-ø-bm-sxmcp Bflmhpw sszh- Øn \n p- -X-. AXv FXn {In-kvXp-hns Bflm-hp-X-t.'' (tbml. 4:2,3). ImcWw tbip-hns a\p-jy-xzsø AwKo-I-cn- m ^e- Øn ]nim-nn\p Xs txm hn AwKo-I-cn-t - n-h-cp-a-t m. ]nimnv AXp CjvS-s -Sp- n-. It m? tbip ]q W sszhhpw ]q W a\p-jy-\p-am-wv. Ahn-SpsØ sszh-xzsø AwKo-I-cn- p- -Xp-t]mse Ahn-SpsØ a\p-jy-xz-søbpw \mw AwKn-I-cn-t - Xv F{X {][m-\-am-wv. AXp-t]mse \ΩpsS ]co- -I-fpsS L -ß-fn kz Xm ]-cy-ßƒ, temiw, temi-øns aqeyßƒ F n-h-bvs -Xnsc \mw \ΩpsS a\p-jy-xz-øn Xs -bmwv Xocpam-\-ßƒ FSp-t - -Xv. AXn\p ]cn-ip- m-flmhp \sω i n-s -Sp- Øp-sa- Xv t\cv. F m "Rm sszh-]p-{x-\m-sw ' Bflo-b-`m-jbpsS ad-hn a\p-jy-xz-øn FSp-t Xocp-am-\-ßsf Ah-K-Wn- -cp-sx pw tbip Xs ]co- -bpss L -Øn FSpØ \ne-]msp \sω DZvt_m[n- n- p- nt? Npcp- -Øn tbip \ap p ]n p-s-cp-hm Hcp Im p-hsp ht - pt]m-bn-cn- p- p. ]co- -I-fpsS kµ `-ß-fn Ahn-Sp p \ap p amxr- Ibpw apt m-sn-bp-am-wv. tbip A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn- -Xn Ihn ]co- -Isfm pw XØz-Øn \ap pw t\cn-ts n hcn-i-bn-. tbip ]nim-nns X{ -ßsf Xncn- -dn v ]nxm-hn-ep B{i-b-Xz-Øn sszh-h-n-\- Øn ASn-bp-d- p-\n- p-sim v Ahs ta kºq W Pbw t\sn-sb- n \ap pw C Xp Ign-bpw. hnizm-k-øns \mb-i\pw ]q Øn hcp-øp h\p-amb tbip-hn-s\ t\m mw ]-co- -I-fpsS ap ]n D n own p asp- m-xn-cn- m ]m]n-i-fm-h hntcm-[w-k-ln- -hs\ [ym\n mw. ]m]-tømsp t]mcm-sp- -Xn {]mw-xym-k-tømfw FXn Øp- \n I Ømhp Xs \ap p amxr-i-bm-bn-cn- s (F-{_m. 12: 2 4) 42

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