GUIDE
TABLE OF CONTENTS PACING GUIDE 2 SCIENCE SAFETY 3 SELF CARVING PUMPKIN 4 GHOST BUBBLES 7 SPOOKY CLOUD 9 TEA BAG GHOST 11 BLOODY HAND PRINT 13 QUIZ 15 SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 1
PACING GUIDE TEACHER DEMONSTRATIONS Self-Carving Pumpkin Ghost Bubbles Spooky Cloud Tea Bag Ghost STUDENT EXPERIMENT Bloody Hand Print ASSESSMENT QUIZ 10 min 10 min 5 min 5 min 20 min 10 min SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 2
SCIENCE SAFETY Each experiment in this guide is safe to perform with an adult present. Please follow these safety precautions when doing any science experiment: ALWAYS have an adult present. ALWAYS wear the correct safety gear while doing any experiment. NEVER eat or drink anything when performing experiments. For your safety, you will discover these safety symbols throughout this guide. They warn of possible dangers with each experiment and remind you to work carefully. SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 3
SELF-CARVING PUMPKIN INGREDIENTS Pumpkin Calcium Carbide Water Grill Lighter Small Metal Can Work Gloves INSTRUCTIONS STEP 1: Carve a jack-o -lantern face into the pumpkin and a small triangle into the back of the pumpkin. Replace the pieces. Make sure you are able to easily remove the triangle in the back of the pumpkin. STEP 2: Place one teaspoon of calcium carbide into the small metal can and then place the small metal can inside the pumpkin. STEP 3: Pour 20ml of water over the calcium carbide and quickly place the top on the pumpkin. SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 4
STEP 4: Wearing work gloves, remove the triangle from the back of the pumpkin, place your hand on top of the pumpkin, insert the grill lighter, ignite the grill lighter, and observe. EXPLANATION When the water is added to the calcium carbide, a chemical reaction occurs. Acetylene is created, which is a flammable gas. When the grill lighter is placed into the back of the pumpkin and ignited, combustion occurs. The force created by the combustion is strong enough to push the pumpkin pieces out of the jack-o -lantern. EXPERIMENT LEARNING TARGETS Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter can exist in three states. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. The pumpkin is a solid, the water is a liquid, and the acetylene is a gas. Matter can change in many ways. For example, when a jack-o -lantern face is carved in the pumpkin, a change happens. During this change you do not get a new substance. It s still a pumpkin if it s a whole pumpkin or if it s cut into many pieces. This is considered a physical reaction. A physical reaction does not result in a new substance. When the water is added to the calcium carbide, a reaction happens, which creates a flammable gas called acetylene. This is considered a chemical reaction, which is a change that results in one or more new substances. I can describe how matter can change from one state to another. I can plan and conduct an investigation to describe and classify different kinds of materials by their observable properties. I can classify changes in substances as physical or chemical changes. I can design an experiment, which demonstrates a chemical change. NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDS CONNECTION 2 Structure and Properties of Matter 5 Structure and Properties of Matter SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 5
MS Structure and Properties of Matter SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 6
GHOST BUBBLES INGREDIENTS Rubbermaid MixerMate Clear 2qt Bottle w/ Chili Red Lid ½ Vinyl Tube Dishwashing Liquid Warm Water Dry Ice Thermal Gloves Fuzzy Glove INSTRUCTIONS STEP 1: Attach the ½ vinyl tube to the Rubbermaid MixerMate clear 2qt bottle chili red lid. STEP 2: Pour warm water into the Rubbermaid MixerMate clear 2qt bottle, add a few pieces of dry ice, and then secure the chili red lid onto the Rubbermaid MixerMate clear 2qt bottle. STEP 3: Place the fuzzy glove on your hand, put the end of the ½ vinyl tube into the dishwashing liquid, and hold the ½ vinyl tube over your hand allowing the bubble to fall on the fuzzy glove. STEP 3: Pop the bubble and observe. EXPLANATION When dry ice is placed into the warm water a cloud forms. Dry ice is frozen carbon dioxide gas and is -109.3 F. As dry ice breaks down it turns directly into carbon dioxide gas. This process is called sublimation. The bubbles are filled with the cloud, which is SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 7
created by the dry ice sublimating. When you pop the bubble, the cloud rushes out, which looks like a ghost. EXPERIMENT LEARNING TARGETS Weather is a combination of sunlight, wind, snow or rain, and temperature in a particular region at a particular time. Air is the mixture of gases surrounding Earth. Clouds form when water vapor in the air condenses to form liquid water or ice crystals. Scientists classify clouds into three main types. The three main types of clouds are cirrus, cumulus, and stratus. Clouds are further classified by their altitude. Scientists record patterns of the weather across different areas and times, so they can make predictions about what kind of weather might happen. I can define weather as a combination of sunlight, wind, snow or rain, and temperature in a particular region at a particular time. I can design an experiment, which demonstrates how a cloud forms. I can explain why scientists record patterns of the weather across different areas and times. NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDS CONNECTION K Weather and Climate 3 Weather and Climate MS Weather and Climate SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 8
SPOOKY CLOUD INGREDIENTS Pan Water Dry Ice Bowl Thermal Glove Goggles INSTRUCTIONS STEP 1: Fill the pan half of the way with water. STEP 2: Place thermal gloves on your hands. Using a hammer, crush the dry ice into pieces. Place the pieces of dry ice into a bowl. STEP 3: Place the pan on the stove and bring the water to a boil. STEP 4: Using thermal gloves, remove the pan of water from the stove. Place the pan of water on a heat-resistant surface. SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 9
STEP 5: Using thermal gloves, from a distance above the pan of hot water, quickly pour the dry ice into the pan of hot water and observe. EXPLANATION When you placed the dry ice into the warm water, a cloud formed. Dry ice is frozen carbon dioxide and is -109.3 degrees. As dry ice breaks down, it turns directly into carbon dioxide gas. In science this process is called sublimation. EXPERIMENT LEARNING TARGETS Weather is a combination of sunlight, wind, snow or rain, and temperature in a particular region at a particular time. Air is the mixture of gases surrounding Earth. Clouds form when water vapor in the air condenses to form liquid water or ice crystals. Scientists classify clouds into three main types. The three main types of clouds are cirrus, cumulus, and stratus. Clouds are further classified by their altitude. Scientists record patterns of the weather across different areas and times, so they can make predictions about what kind of weather might happen. I can define weather as a combination of sunlight, wind, snow or rain, and temperature in a particular region at a particular time. I can design an experiment, which demonstrates how a cloud forms. I can explain why scientists record patterns of the weather across different areas and times. NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDS CONNECTION K Weather and Climate 3 Weather and Climate MS Weather and Climate SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 10
TEA BAG GHOST INGREDIENTS Tea Bag Scissors Grill Lighter INSTRUCTIONS STEP 1: Using the scissors remove the staple and string from the tea bag. STEP 2: Open the tea bag and remove the tea leaves. STEP 3: Open the bag to form a cylinder. Place the cylinder upright on a flat surface, away from curtains or anything that might catch fire. STEP 4: Using the grill lighter, ignite the top of the tea bag, and observe. EXPLANATION The flow of rising hot air within the cylinder creates a convection current, which generates an upward force. As the tea bag burns, it loses some mass. Eventually, the upward force created by the convection current will lift what s left of the tea bag upward, into the air. EXPERIMENT LEARNING TARGETS Heat is a form of energy, which is created by the movement of particles in a substance. Heat moves through some object better than others. Heat can move easily through conductors and not so easily through insulators. Metal is a good conductor, while wood SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 11
and plastic are good insulators. Heat can travel from one location to another through conduction, convection, or radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat between objects that are in direct contact with each other. Convection is the transfer of heat by currents through a liquid or gas. The flow of rising hot air within the tea bag cylinder creates a convection current, which generates an upward force. Radiation is the transfer of heat through space. I can give examples of heat conductors and insulators. I can make observation to provide evidence that energy can be transferred from place to place by heat currents. I can explain the three ways heat is transferred. I can design an experiment, which shows how heat is transferred through convection. NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDS CONNECTION 4 - Energy MS Energy SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 12
BLOODY HANDPRINT INGREDIENTS Goldenrod Paper - http://www.teachersource.com/product/color-changinggoldenrod-paper/chemistry Baking Soda Water INSTRUCTIONS STEP 1: Mix one cup of baking soda with 1 cup of warm water. Dip the palm of your hand into the baking soda and water. STEP 2: Slap your hand on a piece of goldenrod paper and observe. EXPLANATION The goldenrod paper turns bright red when slapped with the palm of your hand, which is covered with baking soda and water. Goldenrod paper is made from a dye which is a ph indicator. This goldenrod paper turns bright red when exposed to a base such as ammonia or baking soda and turns a bright yellow when exposed to an acid such as vinegar or lemon juice. EXPERIMENT LEARNING TARGETS Scientists use a ph scale to measure the strength of acids and bases. A ph indicator is a substance that indicates the degree of acidity or basicity through a color change. The goldenrod paper is a ph indicator. The ph scale ranges from 0-14. A substance with a ph of less than 7 is considered an acid, while a substance with a ph of more than 7 is considered a base. An acid has a sour taste and a ph of less than 7. A base has a bitter taste and a ph of more than 7. I can design an experiment which demonstrates how a ph indicator, indicates the degree of an acid and a base through a color change. I can analyze ph data obtained from testing different materials to determine which materials have the properties that are best suited for an intended purpose. I can make observation and measurements to identify materials based on their ph properties. I can identify the ph of an acid and the ph of a base. I can explain the taste of an acid and the taste of a base. SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 13
NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDS CONNECTION 2 Structure and Properties of Matter 5 Structure and Properties of Matter MS Structure and Properties of Matter SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 14
QUIZ Write the word(s) from the box that completes each sentence. PHYSICAL REACTION BASE SOLID CLOUD MATTER RADIATION CONVECTION CHEMICAL REACTION LIQUID CONDUCTION INSULATORS GAS HEAT ACID CONDUCTORS 1. is a form of energy, which is created by the movement of particles in a substance. 2. is anything that has mass and takes up space. 3. A substance with a ph of less than 7 is considered an, while a substance with a ph of more than 7 is considered a. 4. form when water vapor in the air condenses to form liquid water or ice crystals. 5. The three states of matter are,, and. 6. A does not result in a new substance. 7. Heat can move easily through and not so easily through. 8. Heat can travel from one location to another through,, or. 9. A is a change that results in one or more new substances. SPOOKY SCIENCE GUIDE l 15