5th Caribbean Environmental Forum and Exhibition (CEF 5) Montego Bay, Jamaica June 21-25, 2010 Watershed Modeling in the Caribbean: Application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the Assessment and Management of Land- Based Sources of Marine Pollution Marko Tosic, MSc Programme Assistant & GIS Specialist UNEP CAR/RCU
Presentation Outline Caribbean Environment Programme (CEP) Land-Based Sources of Pollution & GIS CEP GIS Capacity Building Initiative Case Studies of Watershed Modeling in the Caribbean
Caribbean Environment Programme (CEP) UNEP Regional Seas Programme Cartagena Convention 3 Protocols Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW) Oils Spills Land-Based Sources of Marine Pollution Assessment and Management of Environmental Pollution (AMEP) Sub-Programme
Land-Based Sources of Marine Pollution D A A I A D I D I
Land-Based Sources of Marine Pollution D A A I A D I D I
Land-Based Sources of Marine Pollution
GIS for Watershed Management
GIS for Watershed Management
GIS for Watershed Management
GIS for Watershed Management
GIS for Watershed Management
GIS for Watershed Management Water Quality (Pollutant Concentration) Water Quantity (Discharge) Pollutant Load Rain Data Water Quantity (Discharge) Water Quality (Pollutant Concentration) GIS Coverages (Elevation, Land Use, Soils) Model Hydrology & Water Quality
Rainfall Data Thiessen Polygons Interpolation
CEP GIS Capacity Building Initiative Benefits of GIS applications in Management of: Watersheds Land-Based Sources of Pollution Environmental Resources Training Needs Assessments
Regional Activity Center for the LBS Protocol Training: GIScience, Software, GPS Mapping National Workshop in Havana, Cuba, 2007: GIS Applications for the Environment Case Study: Havana Bay Watershed Geo-referenced inventory of pollution sources AMEP Atlas
Regional Training Activities Modeling Non-Point Sources of Marine Pollution and Sediment Discharges using GIS - Panama City N-SPECT Watershed Model GIS Training Workshop - Cienfuegos, Cuba General GIS Intro N-SPECT Watershed Model Promote Benefits of GIS use
GEF IWCAM Project Review of GIS Capacity Building Activities Initiatives largely dependent on external fund GIS Capacity Assessment National Frameworks for GIS (e.g. Jamaica) Road Map Towards Effective Mainstreaming of GIS for Watershed Management
GEF IWCAM Project Limitations & Recommendations GIS Training Needs: Basic, Advanced Lack of Commitment of National Resources Promote Benefits of GIS for Products, Services, Monitoring & Evaluation Limited funds for software upgrades (e.g. Satellite Imagery Processing) Data Resource Limitations Absence of Metadata
New CEP Project Concept on GIS Capacity Building Case Studies Compilation Advanced GIS Applications (Watershed, Marine) Guidelines for GIS Database Management Standardize Data Formats including Metadata Training Activities Basic GIS Software Database Management Watershed Applications Marine Applications Reference Material for Technical Personnel Promotional Material for Decision-Makers
New CEP Project Concept on GIS Capacity Building Case Studies Compilation: Watershed Applications Mapping Diagnostic Analyses Modeling National Level Examples Regional Level Examples
Caribbean Region Reefs At Risk in the Caribbean World Resource Institute 2006 Model: Simplified RUSLE Assessed the relative threat (low, medium, high) of sediment and pollution from watersheds on adjacent coral reefs
Mesoamerican Region ICRAN MAR World Resource Institute 2006 Model: N-SPECT Identified Sources of Pollution through comparison of Watersheds Estimated Impact of Land Use Change (Human Development) on Marine Pollution From WRI 2006
Greater & Lesser Antilles CEP Technical Report 33 RAC Cimab 2007 Model: N-SPECT Identified Sources of Pollution through comparison of Sub-Regions Estimated Change of Loadings Over Time
Cienfuegos, Cuba RAC Cimab & Blonde E. 2008 Model: N-SPECT Estimated Agricultural Contribution to Pollutant Loading Created sensitivity maps of erosion, agricultural-based and overall pollution Analyzed factors of erosion to prioritize among management practices in the study coastal zone. Figure from AMEP Atlas 2009
Saint Lucia Cox C. 2002 Model: AnnAGNPS Assessed Differences in Runoff and Soil Loss between Agricultural and Natural Watersheds Evaluated Impact of Best Management Practices on Runoff and Soil Loss Agricultural Watersheds Figure from Cox 2002
Trinidad & Tobago Jaramillo F. 2007 Models: RUSLE MUSLE Erosion3D Compared use of Models in Estimating Sediment Loads Figure from Jaramillo 2007
Tosic M. 2007 Watershed Diagnostic Identified Sources of Pollution Barbados Evaluated Impacts on Adjacent Coral Reef Baird & Associates 2006 Model: HEC HMS Estimated Peak Discharges to Assess Bridge Hydraulic Capacity Gonzalez Arriola S. 2008 Model: WARMF Demonstrated use of DSS for IWRM
Acknowledgements Chris Corbin, AMEP Programme Officer GEF IWCAM Project Case Study Authors
Thank You! Muchas Gracias! Merci Beaucoup! mt@cep.unep.org www.cep.unep.org