2017 WSP UPDATE Section 5 Source Water Protection As written in WAC 246-290-135, -668, and -690, Group A water systems are required to have source water protection. Source water protection is accomplished by identifying, monitoring, limiting and/or controlling all facilities and activities within the zone of contribution which may contaminate source water. The City of West Richland currently uses wells (No. 1, 2, 7, and 9) and an inter-tie with the City of Richland as its sources of supply. A new well (Well No. 11) has just been drilled. Since the City does not use surface water, a Watershed Control Program has not been implemented and is not included in this Water System Plan. The City has put into practice a Wellhead Protection Program (WHPP) for its well sources. This WHPP is included in Appendix O. Since the time the WHPP was written, Well No. 8 has been abandoned, and a new well (Well No. 10) has replaced it. The 2009 Water System Plan Update included an amendment to the WHPP for Well No. 8 and Well No. 10. Information from the 2009 Water System Plan along with information for Well No. 11 is included in an Addendum to the WHPP and is included in Appendix O. 5.1 Wellhead Protection Program All Group A Public Water Systems with ground water sources are required to develop a Wellhead Protection Program (WHPP). The goal of the WHPP is to identify potential threats of contamination and establish protective measures for local groundwater supplies. As a minimum the WHPP should include the following: A completed susceptibility assessment; A delineated wellhead protection area for each well, wellfield, or spring; An inventory within the wellhead protection area of all potential sources of contamination that may pose a threat to the water bearing zone (aquifer) utilized by the well, spring, or wellfield; Documentation that delineation and inventory findings are distributed to required entities; Contingency plans for providing alternate sources of drinking water in the event that contamination does occur; and Coordination with local emergency responders for appropriate spill/incident response measures. In 2002, a Wellhead Protection Plan was prepared for the City of West Richland. This document is included in Appendix O. Since the time the WHPP was prepared, well No. 11 has been drilled. This section serves as an addendum to the existing Wellhead Protection Plan, to account for these source alterations. Only the WHPP elements listed above, that have changes since the 2002 WHPP and the 2006 Addendum are included in this section. Included at the end of this section is the well formation log for Well #11. 5.1.1 Groundwater Contamination Susceptibility Assessment Survey Forms The Department of Health has developed the Susceptibility Assessment Survey Form in order to determine a source s vulnerability of susceptibility to surface contamination. This serves as the first step in determining the wellhead protection area. This Assessment Survey Form is included for well #11 at the end of this section. It includes information on the well s construction, hydrogeologic information, calculated fixed head radius contaminant time of travel, water quality, and potential contamination sources. J-U-B Engineers/30-15-056/COWR WSP City of West Richland 90
2017 WSP UPDATE 5.1.2 Wellhead Protection Area As part of the Contamination Susceptibility Survey a Calculated Fixed Radius (CFR) was determined to estimate the ground water movement within a 6-month, 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year travel times. These travel time zones are shown for Well #11 in Figure 5-1. This method assumes that the travel time of contaminants in the ground will travel at the same speed as a particle of water. The CFR method also does not take into account the vertical movement of a water particle or contaminant from the land surface down to the aquifer. Since the infiltration rate is not taken into account, the rings of travel time shown in Figure 5-1 are conservative estimates. 5.1.3 Inventory of potential sources of contamination The 2002 inventory revealed a variety of potential contaminant sources located at thirty specific locations. Well #11 is located primarily in areas zoned as residential and agricultural. Most of the surrounding area is farmland. Possible sources of contaminants within the wellhead protection zone, as found in the susceptibility assessment survey form, are residential septic systems, and commercial fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides applied on the farm. Residential areas within the protection zone of well #11 are not served by the municipal sewer system, and as such have private septic systems. However, given the depth of Well #11 (1,117 ft) and the surface casing depth of 745 ft, the total load of potential nitrogen and/or other contaminants from these sources is minimal. Once water quality samples are returned from the lab a summary will be given here. The complete Wellhead Protection Program in Appendix O, contains a complete inventory of potential sources of contamination for all wells. It also lists how the risk assessment for each source was determined. The risk assessments of possible contaminants found in the protection zone of well #11 are shown in Table 5.1. Table 5.1 Well #11 Contaminant Risk Contaminant (Category No.) Irrigation/chem.. application-agriculture (IV-2) Septic systems throughout city (I-1) Overall Risk Medium Medium J-U-B Engineers/30-15-056/COWR WSP City of West Richland 91
2017 WSP UPDATE Figure 5-1 Well #11 Calculated Fixed Radius Time of Travel 5.1.4 Notification of Contact Agencies and Owners-Operators Following the WDOH guidelines, all owners/operators of known or potential contaminants sources must be notified of their location within the wellhead protection boundaries. A sample notification letter along with all entities contacted is contained in the complete WHPP in Appendix O. 5.1.5 Contingency Plan As part of the Water System Plan the City of West Richland has analyzed the overall source and storage of the system. This analysis involved identification of the water systems sources as compared to its water right restrictions and demand of the system. An evaluation was also done for expansion options so that the system s capacity could meet water rights and availability. J-U-B Engineers/30-15-056/COWR WSP City of West Richland 92
2017 WSP UPDATE A detailed contingency plan is contained in the complete WHPP located in Appendix O. This contingency plan addresses the long term replacement of the current principal sources of supply, and the cost of developing the new source of supply. 5.1.6 Spill Response Plan The City s Spill Response Plan is included in the City s WHPP contained in Appendix O. J-U-B Engineers/30-15-056/COWR WSP City of West Richland 93
5/24/16 Screen-Liner Assembly West Richland Well 11 0' ground surface surface seal bottom: 24" csg & seal -118.5' 24" casing formation seal 20" casing bottom: 20" csg & seal -355.6' Reinforced J-receptor 16" casing top: 10" liner -640' 640 CG bottom: 16" casing -745' 740 10-20 sand 640-750 CG 750 depth drilled 20" nom dia - 779' screen 740-830 CG amount of 10" screen 130 amount of 10"x.365 M&M pipe 347 total screen assy length 477 830 pea gravel 750-1044 CG CG = Centering Guide 1024 CG 1044 1024-1044 screen CG 1044-1090 1090 10-20 sand 1095 CG 1090-bottom 1115 pea gravel 1095-1115 depth drilled 16" nom dia - 1117' 1117 screen CG NTS ~5-10' cement plug near the bottom bottom 2' is blank with angle cut
FM TO DESCRIPTION CITY OF WEST RICHLAND Well #11 Formation Log by Schneider Water Services Formation Pre-bid (actual) 0 2 Silt, sandy brown, medium, loose 2 14 Silt, brown fine, compacted 14 16 Sand, brown and grey, medium-fine, some gravel, 2" minus 16 22 Gravel, 2" minus 22 37 Gravel, 2" minus, some cementation 0-90 37 40 Gravel, 4" minus Hanford actual: 40 44 Cobbles & boulders Formation 0-59 44 48 Cobbles, boulders & some clay, brown, soft-medium 48 53 Cobbles, 6" minus & sand, tan, medium 53 56 Cobbles, boulders & some sand, dark grey, medium-fine 56 57 Cobbles & sand, grey, medium 57 59 Cobbles & sand, dark grey, medium-fine 59 74 Basalt, dark grey, medium, some fractures Ice Harbor Member 90-170 74 78 Claystone, grey, medium-hard & some basalt, grey, medium 170-190 78 83 Clay, grey, medium Levey Interbed actual: 83 89 Clay, sandy, grey, soft 74-102 89 102 Clay, tan, soft, silty 102 106 Basalt, black, soft, vesicular, broken 106 161 Basalt, grey, hard, fractured 161 174 Basalt, black, medium, fractured, broken, vesicular w/some claystone, green-gray 190-340 174 184 Basalt, dark grey, medium-hard, fractured Elephant Mtn actual: 184 207 Basalt, dark grey, hard, fractured w/some pyrite 102-243 207 218 Basalt, dark grey, hard 218 233 Basalt, grey, hard, fractured 233 243 Basalt, black, soft, fractured, vesicular w/some claystone, blue green 243 253 Claystone, green, hard 253 260 Claystone, green, medium 340-410 Rattlesnake Ridge 260 275 Claystone, gray & green, firm to medium actual: Interbed 275 295 Claystone, green, medium 243-300 295 300 Claystone, tan, medium-hard 300 319 Basalt, black, soft, fractured, vesicular 319 320 Basalt, black & brown, fractured, soft 320 323 Basalt, dark grey, hard 323 328 Basalt, brown & dark grey, medium-hard, fractured, some vesicles 328 334 Basalt, dark grey, hard 334 347 Basalt, dark grey, hard, some fractures & claystone, grey Pomona Member - 410-660 347 356 Basalt, dark grey, hard, fractured w/some claystone/mineral, green Saddle Moutain actual: 31.5 356 406 Basalt, dark grey, hard Basalt 300-528 406 408 Basalt, dark grey, hard, some fractures 408 448 Basalt, grey, medium-hard, some fractures & minerals 448 506 Basalt, grey, medium, fractured, some minerals 506 513 Basalt, dark grey, medium hard 513 528 Basalt, dark grey, hard, fractured w/some siltstone, green 528 535 Basalt, black, soft, fractured, broken, weathered w/siltstone, green 660-670 535 537 Basalt, black, soft, fractured, broken, weathered w/siltstone, blue-grey Basalt Interbed actual: 537 540 Basalt, brown-grey, soft, fractured, broken, weathered 528-555 540 555 Basalt, dark grey, medium-soft, fractured, broken, weathered w/claystone, green 555 565 Basalt, dark grey, medium, fractured, some vesicles w/claystone, green 565 586 Basalt, dark grey, medium-hard, occasional fractures 670-750 Esquatzel Member - 586 615 Basalt, dark grey, medium-hard actual: Saddle Mtn Basalt 57 615 648 Basalt, grey, hard 555-655 57 648 655 Basalt, dark grey, soft, broken w/some claystone, brown, sandy 58 655 660 Claystone, green, medium-hard, silty 660 661 Gravel, 1/4" minus 661 668 Claystone, green, medium, silty 24" Casing 24" Casing to 118.5' 20" Casing 20" Casing to 355.6 16" Casing 16" Casing to 745' Page 1 of 2 SWL
FM TO DESCRIPTION CITY OF WEST RICHLAND Well #11 Formation Log by Schneider Water Services Formation 668 670 Sand, grey, fine-medium heaves 48? 670 672 Sand, grey, fine, silty w/wood heaves 672 675 Sandstone, brown, medium, soft w/wood 675 677 Sand, grey, fine, silty w/wood 750-850 unstable? 677 678 Clay, grey, medium Selah Interbed actual: 678 685 Claystone, dark grey, medium 655-743 69 685 690 Claystone, green-grey, medium unstable? 62 690 710 Clay, green, medium, silty 61.5 710 712 Clay, green, medium, sandy w/petrified wood 712 726 Sand, light grey, medium-fine 726 741 Clay, grey & some green, medium, silty-sandy 741 743 Claystone, grey & green, medium-hard unstable? 743 758 Basalt, dark grey, medium-soft, vesicular, fractured w/claystone, green 758 763 Basalt, dark grey, medium-soft, vesicular, fractured 763 769 Basalt, dark grey, medium-soft, vesicular, fractured w/claystone, brown-orange, hard 83.6 769 773 Basalt, dark grey, medium-soft, vesicular, fractured w/claystone, brown-tan, hard 773 779 Basalt, dark grey, medium-soft, some vesicles, fractured 779 783 Basalt, dark grey, mediium, vesicular, fractured 58.5 783 784 Basalt, dark grey, medium-hard 76.8 784 798 Basalt, dark grey, medium, some vesicular, fractured 798 803 Basalt, dark grey, medium, some vesiculars, fractures w/basalt, brown, weathered 803 820 Basalt, dark grey, medium, occasional vesicular, fractured 820 824 Basalt, dark grey, medium, some vesicular, fractured w/basalt, brown, weathered 824 825 Basalt, dark grey, medium, vesicular, fractured w/basalt, brown, weathered, broken 71.8 850-1150 825 889 Basalt, grey, hard Umatilla Member - actual: 69 889 892 Basalt, dark grey, medium hard, fractured, some weathered Saddle Mtn Basalt 743-1044 892 907 Basalt, grey, hard 67.6 907 915 Basalt, grey, hard, fractured 68.6 915 931 Basalt, grey, hard 67.8 931 964 Basalt, grey, hard, some fractures 67+ 964 972 Basalt, grey, hard 66.8 972 974 Basalt, grey, medium-hard, fractured 974 1024 Basalt, grey, hard 67 1024 1029 Basalt, dark grey, medium, fractured, vesicular w/minerals 67.5 1029 1036 Basalt, dark grey, medium, occasional fractures 1036 1038 Basalt, grey, hard, fractured 1038 1041 Basalt, dark grey, hard 66.8 1041 1044 Basalt, dark grey, medium-soft, fractured, broken 1044 1046 Clay, dark grey, medium-firm 1046 1051 Clay, dark grey, medium-firm, some silty & clayston, green-grey, medium-hard 1051 1075 Clay, green, medium-firm, silty 1150-1200 67.2 Local erosional 1075 1081 Clay, green-grey, medium, sandy, silty w/wood acttual unconformity 1081 1084 Sand, grey, fine, silty w/some clay 1044-1087 1084 1085 Clay, dark green, medium-firm, sandy 1085 1087 Sandstone, light tan, medium-hard 1087 1097 Basalt, dark grey, medium, fractured, weathered, some vesicles w/claystone, green 1097 1102 Basalt, dark grey, soft, fractured, vesicular, broken, weathered w/minerals 1200-1250 Priest Rapids 1102 1105 Basalt, dark grey & brown, soft, fractured actual Member - Wanapum 1105 1110 Basalt, dark grey, medium-hard 1087- Basalt 1110 1112 Basalt, dark grey, soft, fractured, broken, occasional vesicle 1117+ 1112 1117 Basalt, grey, hard, occasional fractures 68 Pre-bid (actual) 24" Casing 20" Casing 16" Casing SWL Page 2 of 2