United Nations University Geothermal Training Programme Iceland Ingvar B. Fridleifsson, director United Nations University Geothermal Training Programme Reykjavik, Iceland www.unugtp.is
United Nations University Geothermal Training Programme.. has operated in Iceland since 1979.. aims at assisting developing countries with significant geothermal potential to build up or strengthen groups of specialists that cover most aspects of geothermal exploration and development.. offers annually six month specialised courses for professionals in geothermal work and MSc programme.. candidates selected by personal interviews in their home country by UNU-GTP representatives.. is hosted at Orkustofnun National Energy Authority
W E E K 1 2 3 4 5 Geological Exploration Lines of training and time schedule UNU Geothermal Training Programme Borehole Geology Geophysical Exploration Borehole Geophysics Reservoir Engineering Environmental Studies Chemistry of Thermal Fluids Introductory Lecture Course All main aspects of geothermal energy, exploration, and utilization Practicals and short field excursions Geothermal Utilization Drilling Technology 6 7 8 9 10 Field Geology Maps and photos Structural Analysis Hydrogeology Drilling Petrological logging Alteration Mineralogy Resistivity methods Thermal methods Magnetics Gravity Course on well logging and reservoir engineering including logging and well testing, reservoir physics and stimulation, tracer tests, and computer programs EIA planning Chemistry Physics Biology Revegetation Health & safety Sampling of fluids and gas Scaling and corrosion Analytical methods Thermodynamics Geothermometers Heat transfer & fluid flow Control systems Drilling equip. & procedures Well design Safety Management Rig operations 11 12 Excursion to the main geothermal fields of Iceland 13 Field work in deeply eroded 14 strata Aquifer modelling Data processing techniques Logging methods Data eval. Responses to exploitation Gas dispersion and abatement Water rock interaction Design of plants and systems Cementing Completion 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Project and Report Project and Report Project and Report Project and Report Project and Report Project and Report Project and Report Project and Report Project and Report 23 24 25 26
Research projects Are selected from home country if possible and data is available Otherwise, data is provided from Icelandic geothermal fields of similar characteristics Are published in UNU-GTP yearbook Geothermal Training in Iceland
Class of 2009
Number of Fellows 1979-2009 UNU Fellows for 6 Months Training MSc Fellows PhD Fellows 45 40 35 1 2 30 16 13 25 20 1 3 4 4 5 6 9 12 15 10 5 0 1 6 7 7 6 8 11 10 11 6 8 11 13 14 15 16 18 16 18 18 18 20 20 21 21 22 22 18 16 14 12 2 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09
Fellows of the UNU Geothermal Training Programme in Iceland 1979-2009 Mexico 6 Guatemala 3 El Salvador 28 Costa Rica 16 Lithuania 2 Poland 14 Latvia 1 Ukraine 2 Slovakia 2 Romania 5 Mongolia 9 Russia 9 Serbia 3 Bulgaria 5 China 72 Albania 2 Azerbaijan 1 Macedonia 1 Georgia 1 Greece 3 Turkey 10 Iran 20 Nepal 2 Tunisia 6 Honduras 2 Algeria 4 Egypt 4 Pakistan 4 Thailand 5 Jordan 6 Vietnam 5 Nicaragua 8 Yemen 3 Philippines 31 Eritrea 6 Djibouti 5 Ethiopia 26 Uganda 13 Rwanda3 Kenya 45 Burundi 1 Indonesia 24 Tanzania 5 Zambia 1
Participation UNU-GTP Asia 43% Central & Eastern Europe 14% Central America 15% Africa 28% 1979-2009 424 scientists and engineers from 44 countries have completed the 6 month specialized course Thereof 72 women (17%) MSc programme offered with University of Iceland since 2000. 20 graduates PhD programme offered with UI from 2008
Top five countries and specializations China Kenya Philippines El Salvador Ethiopia Geological Exploration 1 1 Borehole Geology 3 4 4 1 3 Geophysical Exploration 1 10 5 3 4 Borehole Geophysics 2 4 2 1 Reservoir Engineering 26 6 9 4 5 Chemistry of Fluids 14 8 6 4 4 Environmental Studies 9 8 3 1 Geothermal Utilization 15 3 3 6 6 Drilling Technology 2 5 4 2 Total 72 45 31 28 26
Olkaria power station in Kenya Operated by KenGen since 1981 130 MWe in 2006 19% of national electricity 167 MW in 2010 Plan 530 MWe by 2015 Many key geothermal specialists of KenGen and GDC are graduates of UNU-GTP Waste water used to heat greenhouses
Good houses are provided for workers families with electricity, running water, health centres and schools for the children. If each worker has a family of five, then 200 thousand people are provided for by the rose farms. UN Millenium Goals met. Greenhouses near Olkaria
Geothermal Greenhouses in Tunisia Replace cooling towers to cool irrigation water from deep wells in the oasis from 75 C to 30 C. Geothermal is biproduct of the irrigation. First UNDP experimental greenhouse in 1985
Geothermal Greenhouses in Tunisia Fast expansion to 194 hectares in 2009. Main products tomatoes and melons for export to Europe. Many jobs created for men and women.
Graduates of UNU-GTP in Africa Country No. Trained Retired or not in geothermal Available Algeria 4 3 1 Burundi 1 1 0 Djibouti 5 1 4 Egypt 4 0 4 Eritrea 6 2 4 Ethiopia 26 11 15 Kenya 45 7 38 Tanzania 5 1 4 Tunisia 6 0 6 Uganda 13 2 11 Rwanda 3 0 3 Zambia 1 0 1 Total 119 29 91
UNU-GTP graduates.. are among the leading specialists in geothermal research and development in many countries in Africa, Asia, Central America and Eastern Europe.. have been very successful, and have contributed significantly to renewable energy development in their parts of the world.. are very active in the international geothermal community
World Geothermal Congress 2005 77 UNU Fellows from 25 countries presented papers
UNU-GTP graduates from Africa Will be in the frontline at World Geothermal Congress in April 2010 35 UNU-GTP Fellows from 9 African countries are authors or co-authors of 40 refereed papers in Conference Proceedings The papers are divided between 10 technical sessions A total of 139 UNU-GTP Fellows from 31 countries in the world are authors or co-authors of 199 papers in 25 sessions at WGC 2010 About 1000 papers included in WGC 2010 Conference Proceedings
Short courses as Contribution to UN Millennium Development Goals Government of Iceland has secured core funding for UNU-GTP to expand its capacity building activities by workshops/short courses in geothermal development in selected countries in Africa (started in Kenya in 2005), Central America (started in El Salvador in 2006), and in Asia (started in China 2008) A part of the objective is to increase cooperation between geothermal specialists in different countries in regions/continents The courses may in the future develop into regional geothermal training centres in co-operation with UNU-GTP. The first such centre will probably be established in Kenya for African countries
Workshop for Decision Makers on Geothermal Projects and their Management Kenya 2005
Short Courses on Surface Exploration held in Kenya 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Total of 187 participants from 14 African countries Lake Bogoria,Kenya 2007
Year UNU Geothermal Training Programme UNU-GTP financial support in Africa, 2002-2009 6M-trainees MSc-students PhD-students ShoCou UNU Tot No. USD No. USD No. USD USD USD 2002 5 200000 2 80000 280000 2003 3 120000 2 80000 200000 2004 6 240000 3 120000 360000 2005 7 280000 2.5 100000 105000 485000 2006 7 280000 2.5 100000 150000 530000 2007 6 240000 3 120000 170000 530000 2008 7 280000 3 120000 0.5 25000 240000 665000 2009 11 440000 3 120000 2 100000 180000 840000 Total 2,080,000 840,000 125,000 845,000 3,890,000
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