USE OF GEOREFERENCE INFORMATION FOR DRM Arnob Bormdoi Research Associate, GIC CONTENTS INTRODUCTION THE IMPORTANCE OF SPATIAL INFORMATION CASE STUDIES SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION The process of defining how raster is situated in map coordinates. The process of defining the position of geographical objects relative to a standard reference grid. For example the allocation of geographical coordinates to street intersections. (www.thelist.tas.gov.au/docs/gloss ary/glossary.html) Source: Georeferencing images and scanned maps -George McLeod gep.frec.vt.edu INTRODUCTION Scanned map datasets don't normally contain spatial reference information. Information collected from the field has to be put on a platform where the spatial information is there X,Y Source: Georeferencing images and scanned maps -George McLeod gep.frec.vt.edu
CONTRIBUTION OF RS AND GIS IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT Disaster Mitigation - Catalogues with spatial component - Hazard assessment - Elements at risk mapping - Vulnerability assessment - Risk assessment - Spatial Decision Support Systems Disaster preparedness - Disaster plans - Anomalies in a time series - Forecasting & Early warning - Monitoring of an ongoing situation Disaster relief - Mapping extent of disaster - Damage assessment - Relief coordination - Evacuation Disaster recovery - Post-disaster census - Identification of reconstruction sites - Update hazard, vulnerability and risk data bases MOTIVATION (IMPORTANCE OF SPATIAL INFORMATION)
DATA USED Scene ID Satellite/Sensor Date Source ALPSRP096650320 ALOS/PALSAR 2007-11-17 JAXA ALPSRP096650310 ALOS/PALSAR 2007-11-17 JAXA ALPSRP096650300 ALOS/PALSAR 2007-11-17 JAXA ASA_APP_1PNUPA ENVISAT 2008-09-14 ESA ASA_IMP_1PNUPA ENVISAT 2004-05-23 ESA PR-00CD1355BAC-PO00 ENVISAT 2008-09-25 Vietnam Ground Station PR-00CD1334A27-PO00 ENVISAT 2008-10-14 Vietnam Ground Station PR-008A9BCCDA-PO00-1 ENVISAT 2007-11-02 Vietnam Ground Station PR-00D8AABDE2C-PO00-1 ENVISAT 2007-11-04 Vietnam Ground Station Whole province SPOT5 2005 Vietnam Ground Station DATA USED: POSSIBLE LOCAL DATA Layer Type Date Source Weak_seaport Point Shapefile 2011 GPS data Water_tank Polygon Shapefile 2011 GPS data Weak_dam Point Shapefile 2011 GPS data Safe_area Polygon Shapefile 2011 GPS data Permanent_port Point Shapefile 2011 GPS data Flooded_mark_2007 Point Shapefile 2007 GPS data Equipments for fieldtrip to collect and update data and information
METHODOLOGY Activate disaster charter as Sentinel Asia during a flood disaster Image before Disaster Field Information/Other satellite data Comparison/Verification GIS Databas e Overlay Data Acquisition (Microwave RS Image) ALOS/PALSAR Co-registration Re-projection Threshold Selection/ Extracting Flooded Area Convert Amplitude to Decibel Difference Pre -During Image Comment: Pre-disaster Database and Technology Transfer Rapid Map Information Dissipation, Web GIS OUTCOME: A GIS DATABASE Paper Maps Local Knowledge RS data Flood information
OUTCOME: PRODUCT TO SUPPORT LOCAL AGENCIES LEGEND District Committee S&R team Health center Heath center of commune Enegy store Important water tank Flooded area District boundary Flooding detail of small area (providing for S&R team) CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS (BY PARTICIPANTS) The methodology will help space agencies in supporting disaster management organizations in a search and rescue work. The results show that in this province, flood maps achieved by this process are highly accurate and fine in resolution. One of the success of search and rescue operations depends on receiving of satellite images immediately after a flood. Sentinel Asia can help us a lot by providing near real time satellite data. Similar kind of a methodology can be adopted in other provinces affected by floods with a continuous update of the existing GIS database and field observations of past floods.
FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY) Data Collection Hazard Analysis Flood Hazard Runoff Modeling Inundation Modeling Vulnerability Analysis Database Social, Physical Risk Analysis FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS
FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY) LVI = (e d -a d )*S d Exposure(ed ) Adaptive capacity(ad ) Sensitivity (sd ) Sensitivity Demographic Standing Land Characteristics Rural Standing Gender of Residents Age Groups Health Condition Water Resources Educational Background VULNERABILITY Adaptive Capacity Economic Strength& Resilience Assets Exposure Previous Flood Events Position Relative to River Hahn, M. B., Riederer, A. M., & Foster, S. O. (2009). The Livelihood Vulnerability Index: A pragmatic approach to assessing risks from climate variability and change A case study in Mozambique. Global Environmental Change, 19(1), 74-88. FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY) MODEL ALOS/PALSAR
FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY) PVI GN Population Data Data Processing Age wise population data 4 GN ( i ) = FP GN ( i ) R ( i ) 1 Vulnerability Ranking Population Vulnerability Analysis i Age Group Ranking [R (i) ] 1 Age < 5 YRS 3 2 5 < Age < 25 YRS 2 3 25< Age < 60 YRS 1 4 Age > 60 YRS 3 Standardization Population Vulnerability Index Data FPGN (i) Age :- Fraction Population in a certain Group in a GN Division GN Divisions Polygon Map Data Link Preliminary Population Vulnerability Map Classification i Vulnerability index Range Vulnerability Classification Index 1 0.00 0.33 Low 1 2 0.33 0.66 Moderate 2 3 0.66 1.00 High 3 Population Vulnerability Map FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY) GN Population Data Buildings(Physical) Vulnerability Analysis BVI Data Processing Categorized Building Data According to Construction material 7 GN ( i ) = FB GN ( i ) R ( i ) 1 Standardization Vulnerability Ranking Building Vulnerability Index Data i Construction Material Ranking [R (i) ] 1 Brick 1 2 Kabok 3 3 Cement Blocks/ Stones 2 4 Pressed Soil Blocks 4 5 Mud 6 6 Cadjan / Palmyrah 7 7 Planks/Metal Sheets 5 GN Divisions Polygon Map Data Link FBGN (i) with :- Fraction of Buildings Constructed a particular material in a GN Division Preliminary Buildings Vulnerability Map Classification i Vulnerability index Range Vulnerability Classification Index 1 0.00 0.33 Low 1 2 0.33 0.66 Moderate 2 3 0.66 1.00 High 3 Biuldings Vulnerability Map
FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY) Population Vulnerability Map Flood Hazard Maps Population Risk Analysis Map Processing [Vulnerability Hazard] Preliminary Population Risk Map Classification i Risk Value Range Risk Classification Index 1 0-0 Risk Free 1 2 0-3 Low 2 3 3-6 Moderate 3 4 > 6 High 4 Population Risk Map FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY) Information gathering on the components of vulnerability
FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY) R=HXV Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., & Davis, I. (1994). At risk: Natural hazards, people's vulnerability, and disasters. DROUGHT RISK ANALYSIS (A CASE STUDY)
DATA Meteorological Data Rainfall and Maximum Temperature Agromet stations: Munoz Cabanatuan Rice Production Data (1971 2008) Rainfed and Irrigated Areas Sources: Socioeconomics Division (SED) PhilRice Provincial Agriculture Office of Nueva Ecija Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) Ground Control Points (GCPs) Vector Maps Boundary map, rice areas, irrigation METHODOLOGY
FIELD WORK November 24 28, 2008 Interview with farmers and municipal agriculturists Acquisition of Ground Control Points (GCPs) Source : Socioeconomics Division, PhilRice DROUGHT SMI values 0.0-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.2 0.3 > 0.3 Legend irrigation severe moderate slight no drought
SUMMARY Information can come from different sources Bringing them together is a challenge