Time: 2 Hours Page 1 of 20 Biology 2201 Midterm Examination January 2012 Instructor: Mr. Cooze Instructions: Read ALL instructions before proceeding with the exam. Students are required to do ALL items. This examination consists of the following parts: Part 1 50 Multiple Choice (50 Marks) Part 2 Constructed Response (25 Marks) Answers to the multiple choice questions are to be placed on the attached Multiple Choice Answer Sheet. All other items are to be answered on the exam paper in the space provided. Write your name and/or initials on all pages of this exam. Check to ensure that you have all of the pages required for this exam as indicated at the top of each page. Hand in ALL papers, in the appropriate page order, when you have completed the exam.
Time: 2 Hours Page 2 of 20 Biology 2201 Midterm Examination Multiple Choice Answer Sheet 1. 11. 21. 31. 41. 2. 12. 22. 32. 42. 3. 13. 23. 33. 43. 4. 14. 24. 34. 44. 5. 15. 25. 35. 45. 6. 16. 26. 36. 46. 7. 17. 27. 37. 47. 8. 18. 28. 38. 48. 9. 19. 29. 39. 49. 10. 20. 30. 40. 50.
Time: 2 Hours Page 3 of 20 Part 1 Multiple Choice (50 Marks) Instructions: Write the correct answer for each question on the Multiple Choice Answer Sheet provided. 1. The statement, All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. supports which of the following ideas? A. abiogenesis B. biogenesis C. cell theory D. spontaneous generation 2. Which scientist performed the first real experiment in support of biogenesis by proving that meat in a sealed jar did not produce flies? A. Aristotle B. Hooke C. Redi D. Spallanzani 3. Which of the following statements best describes the modern cell theory? A. all organisms are composed of numerous cells B. different cells are specialized to perform various functions C. the cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all organisms D. the total activity of an organism depends on the function of some specialized cells 4. Which scientist invented one of the first great tools for biological research, the microscope? A. Brown B. Leeuwenhoek C. Schleiden D. Virchow
Time: 2 Hours Page 4 of 20 5. Which instrument was used to produce the following image of mitochondria? A. compound light microscope B. scanning electron microscope C. simple light microscope D. transmission electron microscope 6. Which is a difference between scanning electron microscopes (SEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM)? A. SEM are battery operated, while TEM are electrical B. SEM has two ocular structures, while TEM has one ocular structure C. SEM uses only fine adjustments, while TEM uses only coarse adjustments D. SEM view in 3-dimensions, while TEM view in 2 - dimensions 7. If the microscope you are using has an eyepiece with a magnification of 10X and an objective with a magnification of 4X, what is the total magnification? A. 2.5X B. 6.0X C. 14X D. 40X 8. The diagram below shows the diameter of the field of view (in mm) under low power. Calculate the field of view under medium power if the low power objective is 4X and the medium power objective is 10X? A. 1.6 mm B. 4.0 mm C. 16 mm D. 40 mm 9. If the field of view in the diagram has a diameter of 1.6 mm, what is the approximate size of a cell? A. 100 B. 200 C. 300 D. 400
Time: 2 Hours Page 5 of 20 10. When using the microscope you find that the cell you want to observe is in the upper right-hand area of the field. To center the cell, you would move the slide in which direction? A. down and left B. down and right C. up and left D. up and right 11. The ability of a microscope to show two points close together as two separate images are referred to as which? A. contrast B. magnification C. ocular power D. resolution Use the diagram below to answer questions 12 and 13. 12. Which structure is used to move the stage up or down to bring an object into focus when viewing under low power? A. 3 B. 4 C. 6 D. 7 13. Bill tries to view a specimen under the microscope but finds it too dark. Which structure would be used to correct this problem? A. 1 B. 5 C. 7 D. 8
Time: 2 Hours Page 6 of 20 14. Chlamydomonas is a motile, unicellular and photosynthetic organism with a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, but lacks a cellulose cell wall. Which statement best describes Chlamydomonas? A. it is a eukaryotic animal because it is motile and has mitochondria B. it is a eukaryotic protist because it has membranous organelles and is unicellular C. it is a prokaryote because it lacks a cellulose cell wall and a nuclear membrane D. it is a true plant because it is photosynthetic and has a cell wall 15. Which is a characteristic of both human and bacteria cells? A. they both have a nucleus B. they both have equal amounts of DNA C. they both have extracellular fluid D. they both have membrane bound organelles 16. Which organism has cell walls? A. domestic cat B. giant kelp C. parakeet D. rabbit 17. Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, and vacuoles are examples of which term? A. bodies B. cells C. organs D. organelles 18. A unicellular organism engulfs food by phagocytosis. Which cellular organelle would be important in breaking down the food? A. chromosome B. lysosome C. mitochondrion D. ribosome
Time: 2 Hours Page 7 of 20 19. In which of these cells would you expect to find the most chloroplast activity? A. growing muscle cells B. liver cells C. plant leaf cells D. plant root cells 20. What are mitochondria? A. they are initiators of cell divisions B. they are organelles in which proteins are synthesized C. they are structures in the nucleus where RNA is manufactured D. they are structures that create energy in a cell Use the diagram below to answer questions 21 and 22. B C A D 21. Which organelle allows the movement of materials into and out of the cell? A. A B. B C. C D. D 22. What is the organelle that functions as a storage and packaging site for certain products that are formed elsewhere in the cell? A. A B. B C. C D. D
Time: 2 Hours Page 8 of 20 23. A cellophane bag contains starch and water. The bag is surrounded by water and iodine. The bag is permeable to water and iodine but not to starch. Which type(s) of molecule(s) will move into or out of the bag? A. both water and iodine B. iodine only C. starch only D. water only 24. What process is pictured in the diagram at the right? A. diffusion B. exocytosis C. phagocytosis D. pinocytosis 25. Why do local grocery stores spray fresh vegetables with water on a regular basis? A. to keep them clean B. to maintain a hypertonic situation C. to maintain a hypotonic situation D. to maintain an isotonic situation 26. Which of the following would be the smallest cell? Cell Surface Area /Volume Ratio A. 1 0.033 : 1 B. 2 0.3 : 1 C. 3 3: 1 D. 4 30: 1 27. 27. Which of the following will complete the following chemical equation? light 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O -------------> C 6 H 12 O 6 +? A. energy B. 12H 2 O C. 6O 2 D. 6CO 2 + 6O 2
Time: 2 Hours Page 9 of 20 Use the diagram below to answer questions 28 and 29. 28. If the solution in X contains a 60% glucose solution, what type of solution would be present? A. hypertonic B. hypotonic C. isotonic D. neutral 29. If solution X represented an amoeba, what would eventually happen to the organism? A. crenation B. cytolysis C. plasmolysis D. turgor pressure 30. Which of the following statements shows that photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complimentary processes? A. energy is produced in both reactions B. they have the same products C. they have the same reactants D. the products of one are the reactants of the other 31. Which scientist classified all living organisms into two kingdoms, the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom? A. Aristotle B. Brown C. Schwann D. Virchow
Time: 2 Hours Page 10 of 20 32. Which prokaryote can live in acid runoff or sulfur vents of volcanoes? A. archaea B. bacteria C. eubacteria D. protista 33. Which of the following correctly describes the branch of biology that deals with the classification and naming of living things? A. botany B. ecology C. taxonomy D. zoology 34. Using numbers to represent taxonomic categories as listed below, which sequence indicates progressively increasing specificity? Class - 1; Phylum - 2; Order - 3; Family - 4; Species - 5; Genus - 6. A. 2-3-1-5-4-6 B. 2-1-4-5-6-3 C. 4-1-3-2-6-5 D. 2-1-3-4-6-5 35. When proceeding down the classification system from species to kingdom, there is increasing among the organisms. A. activity B. diversity among individuals C. individuality D. similarity among individuals 36. Which of the following would fix the error in Capsicum Frutescens? A. it should read capsicum Frutescens B. it should read frutescens capsicum C. it should read Capsicum frutescens D. it should read frutescens Capsicum
Time: 2 Hours Page 11 of 20 37. According to binomial nomenclature, the organism Acetabularia mediterranea is most closely related to which of the following organisms? A. Acetabularia crenulata B. Crenulata acetabularia C. Mediterranea crassa D. Mediterranea crenulata 38. Which modern classification technique is based upon similar amino acid sequences? A. comparative anatomy B. comparative biochemistry C. comparative embryology D. phylogeny 39. What is the simple tool which consists of pairs of opposite statements used by biologist to identify organisms? A. dichotomous key B. DNA testing C. gel electrophoresis D. polymerase chain reaction Use the following diagram to answer question 40. 40. Which organism is most closely related to Caratopsia? A. Ankylosauria B. Ornithopoda C. Pachycephalosauria D. Stegasauria
Time: 2 Hours Page 12 of 20 41. Which organism would reproduce asexually by binary fission? A. bacteria B. bread mould C. fern D. plasmodium Use the diagram to answer question 42. 42. What is the correct sequence of events in the Lytic Cycle of a virus? A. A,B,C,D,E,F B. B,A,E,F,C,D C. C,A,E,F,B,D D. C,E,A,F,B,D 43. Specimen X belongs to Kingdom Protista. What can be concluded about it based on this classification? A. it is aquatic B. it is multicellular C. it is eukaryotic D. it is prokaryotic
Time: 2 Hours Page 13 of 20 44. An organism was discovered that could undergo photosynthesis, is multi-cellular but lacked roots and leaves. What Kingdom would this organism best fit into? A. bacteria B. fungi C. plantae D. protista 45. A botanist discovers a new species of plant in a tropical rainforest. After observing its anatomy and life cycle, the following characteristics are noted: xylem and phloem present and no seeds. To what classification is this plant most closely related? A. conifers B. ferns C. flowering plants D. mosses 46. Which structure acts as an anchoring system in mosses? A. anthers B. rhizoids C. root system D. xylem 47. What is the purpose of double fertilization within flowering plants? A. one fertilization creates the seed and the other creates the fruit B. one fertilization creates the zygote and the other creates a food source C. one fertilization creates the egg and the other creates the seed D. one fertilization creates the ovule and the other creates the fruit 48. Which group contains the cone bearing trees? A. angiosperms B. bryophytes C. fungi D. gymnosperms
Time: 2 Hours Page 14 of 20 49. The leaves of a plant are drying out and wilting from a lack of water. What structure in the plant may be at fault? A. anther B. phloem C. rhizoid D. xylem 50. Which structure in the diagram contains the ovules? A. A B. B C. C D. D
Time: 2 Hours Page 15 of 20 Part 2: Constructed Response Total Value: 25 Marks Instructions: Complete each question in the space(s) provided. Be sure to write clear and concise answers. 1. Using ONE (1) example, explain how the work of an early biologist has contributed to the modern cell theory. (2 Mark) 2. Students used a compound light microscope to examine some skin cells. They estimated the diameter of the field of view to be 3.5 mm. They also estimated there were 40 cells side by side across the field of view. Calculate the size of each skin cell. Show all your calculations. (2 Marks)
Time: 2 Hours Page 16 of 20 3. In November 2010 three teenagers were found after surviving 50 days adrift in the Pacific Ocean. Near the end of their ordeal they resorted to drinking sea water. Why would this have been disastrous for them if they were not rescued? (2 marks) 4. The image here shows a sow bug, sometimes locally referred to as carpenters. What is the problem with using these common local names of organisms? (1 Mark)
Time: 2 Hours Page 17 of 20 5. Dichotomous keys are important tools scientists use to help them classify organisms. Use the images below to create a dichotomous key. (3 Marks)
Time: 2 Hours Page 18 of 20 6. A 390-million-year-old fossil has yielded new insights into the evolutionary origins of the front claws of scorpions and horseshoe crabs. The fossils recovered from this region, known as the Hunsrück Slate, are extremely durable and have previously produced other arthropod fossils such as shrimp-like creatures, scorpions, sea spiders and trilobites. What are TWO (2) evidences that these archaeologists could use in order to concretely classify this fossil? (4 Marks) 7. How have bryophytes adapted to survive considering that they do not have vascular tissues? (2 Marks)
Time: 2 Hours Page 19 of 20 8. Using a diagram, describe the life cycle/reproduction of any ONE of the following: (4 Marks) a. Bread mould (Rhizopus) b. Fern c. Moss
Time: 2 Hours Page 20 of 20 9. (a) What is the difference between pollination and fertilization? (2 Marks) (b) Briefly explain why there is such a great variety of angiosperms. (2 Marks) (c) Name TWO (2) differences between monocots and dicots. (1 Mark)