Enhancements for FFGS improved operations Hydrologic Research Center 3-5 May 2017 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 1
Enhancements to be discussed A. Multiple Mesoscale Model Input B. Urban Flash Flood Warning C. Use of satellite inundation mapping to correct soil moisture D. Landslide occurrence prediction E. Riverine routing capability 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 2
A. Multiple Mesoscale Model Input 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 3
B. Urban Flash Flood Warning Gridded Adjusted Radar Input and other local rainfall input Q/C Gridded Precipitation Input (observations and forecasts) from FFGS High res DEM and spatiallydistributed data : UFFWS : FFGS High Resolution Soil Water Model Urban Routing Model (surface and subsurface) Displays Initial States from FFGS Urban infrastructure and control data 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 4
Basic technical elements UFFWS ϑy/ϑt + ϑ(vy)/ϑx = 2q L /B - f S f = S 0 - ϑy/ϑx 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 5
Basic technical elements UFFWS Total Rainfall Generating Inlet Capacity: (N s +N m ) Q T = (1/3.6) U 0 f A A Total Storm Sewer Volume Capacity: XX 0 MM ss = kk=0 ( ππ 2 DDkk / 4) LL kk Time to Strom Sewer Overflow: T s0 = - (1 / b) ln{1 b X s0 / [(1/3.6) U 0 f A A]} Scaling of Bankfull Q and Bankfull v: Q BNKF = α A β 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 6
Demonstration of feasibility (city of Pretoria) 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 7
Demonstration of feasibility (city of Pretoria) Basin Areas: 1-5 km 2 Rain Grid Area: 16 km 2 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 8
Demonstration of feasibility (city of Pretoria) Av. Basin Area: 1-5 km 2 Rain Grid Area: 16 km 2 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 9
Demonstration of feasibility (city of Pretoria) 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 10
Demonstration of feasibility (city of Pretoria) 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 11
Demonstration of feasibility (city of Pretoria) 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 12
Surface Drainage Flow 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 13
C. Inundation Mapping for SM Estimation MRC FLASH FLOOD GUIDANCE SYSTEM - MRCFFG In Operation Since 2009 Development/Implementation/Training: Hydrologic Research Center Purpose: Provide Regional Products with High Resolution to Forecasters in Thailand, Lao PDR, Cambodia and Vietnam to Provide Real-Time Warnings for Flash Floods Sample Products for Flash Flood Prone Basins Delineated in Vietnam (Son Tinh Typhoon Landfall in Northern Vietnam in October 2012) Precipitation at Landfall from NESDIS HydroEstimator Upper-Soil Water Saturation Fraction at Landfall from operational MRCFFG (uses bias-adjusted HE pixel values) 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 14
C. Inundation Mapping for SM Estimation MODIS-Based Observed Inundation Area in Cambodia MRCFFG Modeled Drying Surface Soil Water in Cambodia HRC Current Work: Feasibility and Effectiveness of Correcting Operational Model Soil Water with MODIS Inundation Information in Real Time 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 15
C. Inundation Mapping for SM Estimation Posner et al. Remote Sens. 2014, 6, 10835-10859 Open Access Bangkok 25 Tonle Sap 20 Assimilated Not Assimilated Mekong River Frequency (%) 15 10 5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 6-hr FFG Method: Assimilation of saturation of upper soil in catchments with inundation greater than 85% and use of soil model to adjust lower soil water. 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 16
C. SMOS Data Working with WMO(Bijinski), ESA(Drusch), CESBIO(Kerr) and UGent(Verhoest) to develop a project for HRC to examine the utility of incorporating SMOS in FFG systems Radio Frequency Interference -RFI 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 17
D. Landslide prediction using FFGS output D.1 Susceptibility map development in a region with an adequate database (El Salvador, Central America) (completed) D.2 Real Time landslide prediction using FFGS rainfall and soil water thresholds in El Salvador (completed) D.3 Generalization for Central America and implementation/demonstration in CAFFG (on going) 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 18
D.1 Susceptibility Mapping Parameter Classes Landslide Class Density Landslide Map Density (e.g. Slope) Low Medium NN pppppppppppp (wwwwwww LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL iiii PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP CCCCCCCCCC) NN pppppppppppp (iiii PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP CCCCCCCCCC) TTTTTTTTTT NN pppppppppppp (wwwwwww LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL) TTTTTTTTTT NN pppppppppppp (iiii rrrrrrrrrrrr) High Landslide Inventory Map Factor Weight for each Class (i) WW ii = ln LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL CCCCCCCCCC DDDDDDDDDDDDDD LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL MMMMMM DDDDDDDDDDDDDD Normalized Factor Weight for each Class (i) nnnn ii = WW ii # oooo cccccccccccccc iiii FFFFFFFFFFFF Total Susceptibility nnnn ii Continuous Susceptibility Weight Values to Discrete Classes 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 19
D.2 Real-time Occurrence Prediction based on FFGS Rainfall and SM 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 20
D.3 Generalization for Central America 3-5 May 2017 HRC CAFFG 21
Channel Routing for FFGS Goal: To provide capability to forecast flow discharge at pre-specified locations along the channel network of selected river basins and to train forecasters and others on the use of information Prerequisites: 1. Mesoscale numerical weather prediction forecasts (single or ensemble forecasts) for FFGS ingest (countries and the RC) 2. Selection of a specific river basin and forecast points within the river basin (countries and the RC) 3. Information at sites of the river channel and reservoir information for those reservoirs included (countries) 12 Oct 2016 HRC BSMEFFG+ROUTING 22
Geospatial Analysis for Routing Subbasin Av. Resolution: 2 km 2 SRTM 30m Madden Lake boundary (SRTM water boundary & Google Earth Adjustments) 29 June 2015 HRC PANDHM V.2015 23
Simulations and Forecasts 29 June 2015 HRC PANDHM V.2015 24
Initial Adjustment of Parameters from Operational Model Values BEFORE AFTER 29 June 2015 HRC PANDHM V.2015 25
PANWRF Ensemble Run Configuration 20-Member Ensembles 4-km resolution 00 UTC and 12 UTC starts NCEP GEFS forcing 29 June 2015 HRC PANDHM V.2015 26
Example Routing Simulation Products 29 June 2015 HRC PANDHM V.2015 27
Type of Interface: Ensemble Traces and Table 12 Oct 2016 HRC BSMEFFG+ROUTING 28