Year 7 Science - Learning Aims Learning Aim 1 - Beginning 2 - Working towards 3 - Secure 4 - Mastered 1 Living Organisms. List the seven life processes. Define sensitivity, excretion, respiration and nutrition. Explain what a cell is. Evaluate why viruses are not currently classed as living. 2 Unicellular and Multicellular Organisms. Define the term unicellular. Give examples of unicellular organisms. Describe what makes them unicellular. Explain the structural adaptations of the following multicellular organisms: Bacteria, Protzoa, unicellular fungi (yeast). Describe the hierarchical organisation of multicellular organisms from cells to tissues to organs to systems to organisms. Give examples of different organ systems and how they allow humans to function. 3 Eukaryotic Cells. Label organelles in eukaryotic cells - to include plants and animals. Describe the functions of eukaryotic cell organelles. Compare plant and animal cells, explain how their differences allow them to survive in their environment. Explain why some organelles cannot be seen under the light microscope. 4 Microscopy. Label selected parts of the light microscope, and describe how they function. Describe a method to use a microscope. Explain the importance of staining in microscopy. Evaluate the importance of microscopes in scientific research. 5 Magnification. Define magnification and resolution. Use prefixes milli, micro and nano. Apply magnification equation to magnified specimins. Compare a light and electron microscope. 6 Specialised Cells. Define speicalised cells as differentiated cells. Give examples of specialised cells Explain the adaptations of and where they are found in specialised cells. eukaryotic cells. Include sperm, root hair, red blood cell, ovum, leaf palisade. Link the adaptations of specialised cells to their environments. 7 Diffusion. Describe the movements of particles during diffusion. Give examples of the molecules that can diffuse - to include oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide. Explain the factors that speed up the rate of diffusion. Evaluate what makes a good diffusion surface. 8 Cell Division. State why cells need to divide. Describe how new cells are made. Explain what a tumour is. Compare begnign and malignant tumurs.
9 Particle Model. Differentiate between solids, liquids and gases. State properties of solids, liquids and gases. Draw particle model s of solids, liquids and gases. Compare forces of attraction in solids, liquids and gases. 10 Changes in State. Identify changes of state (melting freezing, boiling, evaporation and sublimation) with references to the particle model. Define melting point and boiling point, and interpret data on temperatures. Predict the state of a substance at specificed temperatures based on melting and boiling points. Use cooling curves to predict the state of a substance at particular temperatures. 11 Volume. Define and measure different volumes. Describe how the volumes of different substances are measured. Explain how compressibility changes for the different states of matter (use the particle model) Compare volumes of solids, liquids and gases. 12 Density. State what density means. Explain why some objects float, and others sink. Use the formula for density Calculate the density of more complex shapes. 13 Gas Pressure Explain gas pressure using ideas about particle collisions. Explain how the number of particles and temperature affect gas pressure. Create a model to show gas pressure - include numbers of particles and temperature in your model. Evaluate the importance of gas pressure in everyday life. 14 Pure and Impure Substances Define a pure and impure substance. Describe how to identify a pure substance. Explain why we separate mixtures. Evaluate the suitability of different sepatation techniques. 15 Solutions. Know the difference between a solution, solvent and solution. Compare soluble and insoluble substances. Explain the factors that affect solubility. Expalin the properties of a saturated solution. 16 Separation Techniques. Give eamples of filtrates and residues. Describe different separation techniques - to include evaporation, crystallisation, chromatography and distillation. Compare the mobile and stationary pahases of chromatgraphy. Identify substances using chromatography. 17 Plant Structure. List the main organs of a plant. Describe the functions of plant organs. Explain the adaptations of the leaf. Evaluate how life on Earth depends on plants and algae. 18 Plant Reproduction. Describe the purpose of a flower. Distinguish between male and female parts of the flower. Describe the roles of the structures in a flower. Explain the process of plant fertilisation.
19 Pollination. State how flowers are adapted for pollination. Describe how seeds are produced. Explain how different forms of seed dispersal work. Evaluate the success of wind and insect seed dispersal mechanisms. 20 Photosynthesis. List what plants need to grow - to include minerals. State the word and symbol equation for photosynthesis, and where the products and reactants come from. Explain how iodine can be used to show the production of starches during photosynthesis. Analyse the effect of light levels on the amount of starcg produced during photosynthesis. 21 Physical and Chemical reactions. Describe what reactants and products are in word equations. Apply state symbols to reactants and products. Explain, with examples, what physical and chemical changes are. Suggest if a reaction is chemical or physical. 22 Exothermic and Endothermic reactions. State what exothermic and endothermic reactions are. Give examples of exothermic and endothermic reactions. Compare exothermic and endothermic reactions Compare energy level diagrams. 23 Chemical Equations. Highlight reactions, products and state symbols in chemical reactions. Write word equations for reactions. Write balanced symbol equations for reactions. Explain how mass is conserved in terms of the rearrangement of atoms in an equation. 24 Combustion. State what combustion is in terms of reactants and products. Describe how to test for carbon dioxide. Compare complete and incomlete combustion. Explain the dangers of the products of incomplete combustion. 25 Thermal Decomposition. Describe the process of thermal decomposition. Write equations to summarise thermal decomposition. Explain why equations should be balanced. Balance equations. 26 Representing Electricity and Circuits. Match components to their circuit symbols. Describe the nature of current and potential difference. Compare the current to potential difference. Evaluate the importance of electricity to society. 27 Series and Parallel. Draw a series and parallel circuit. Describe how current flows through series and parallel circuits. Explain what happens if there is a fault in a series and parallel curcuit. Explain how the current and potential difference vary in a series and parallel circuit. 28 Resistance. Describe resistance - to include units and symbols. Explain what low and high resistance metals are called, giving examples. Suggest how to reduce the effect of resistance. Use and rearrange the equation that links resistance, voltage and current.
29 Reproduction. Identify gametes in males and females. Explain why gametes only contain half the required amount of genetic material. Compare the gametes of different organisms. Explain meiosis in terms of variation. 30 Human Reproductive Anatomy. Recal the main parts of the female and male anatomy. Label diagrams of the female and male reproductive system. Explain the function of each part of the reproductive system. Evaluate external and internal reproduction. 31 Puberty. What changes occur in boyd and girls during puberty. describe the function of hormones produced during puberty. Explain why humans go through puberty. Analyse data that compares puberty in males and females. 32 Gestation to Birth. Describe what happens over the course of pregnancy. Explain the role of the placenta, unbilical cord, and amniotic fluid in supporting the survival of the foetus. Study the relationship between body mass and gestation time in mammals. Explain why it is important for pregnant women to avoid alcohol, drugs and smoking during pregnancy. 33 Menstrual Cycle. Describe the timeline of events during the menstrual cycle. Know what stage in the cycle an egg is released, the uterus lining is at its thickets, and the lining starts to break down during menstruation. Suggest when a female is most likely to become pregnant. Evaluate different forms of contraception. 34 Asexual reproduction. State what asexual reproduction involves. Give examples of organisms that reproduce asexually. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of asecual reporduction. Compare asexual and sexual reproduction. 35 The Periodic Table. Define an element. Describe the history of the periodic table. Explain the advantages of the periodic table. Compare different versions of the periodic table. 36 Properties of Metals. List properties of metals. Describe why metals are good conductors. Explain why metals have high melting points. Compare metals to non-metals. 37 Group 1. State the names and symbols of group 1 metals. List the properties of group 1 metals. Describe reactions that involve group 1 metals. Evaluate the uses of products of group 1 reactions. 38 Group 7. State the names and symbols of group 7 metals. List the properties of group 7 metals. Describe reactions that involve group 7 metals. Evaluate the uses of products of group 7 reactions. 39 Group 0 State the names and symbols of group 0 metals. List the properties of group 0 metals. Describe reactions that involve group 0 metals. Evaluate the uses of products of group 0 reactions.
40 Representing Forces. State what a force is - to include vectors. Describe how fores are measured. Represen balanced / unbalanced forces on diagrams - to include interactive pairs, reaction forces, resultant forces. Compare and contrast contact and non-contact forces. 41 Friction. Define friction. List the problems that friction causes. Describe uses of friction. Explain how friction can be reduced. 42 Drag Forces. Give examples of drag forces. Explain the causes of drag. Explain how drag can be reduced. Explain how more streamlined objects experience less drag at a given speed. 43 Upthrust. State what a fluid is. Describe what causes water resistance. Explain why an onject may sink or float. Evaluate the suitablility of different materials to make a boat buoyant. 44 Animal Survival. List what animals need to survive. Sort animal survival needs into biotic and abiotic factos. Explain the significance of biotic and abiotic factors to animals. Explain what a niche is, with examples. 45 Plant Survival. List what plants need to survive. Sort plants survival needs into biotic and abiotic factos. Explain the significance of biotic and abiotic factors to plants. Compare biotic and abiotic factors in plants and animals. 46 Competition. State what competition is. Analyse data on predator / prey relationships. Explain how animals are adapted to compete. Evaluate how etremeophiles have advantages in their adaptations. 47 Surface Area to Volume Ratio. State what is meant by SA:V. Give examples of organisms that have high SA:V. Calculate the SA:V ration of different size cubes. Calclate the SA:V of more complex shapes. 48 Interdependence. Describe how life is classified - to include species, populations, community. Give examples of interdependence. Explain the effect of pollinators - include their importance to plant reproduction and food production. Evaluate factors that affect the stability of a community. 49 Atmosphere. Label a digrams to show the Earth's List the gases currently in the Analyse data to show the proportion of gases in the Evaluate the effect of volcanoes on the changing 50 Carbon Cycle. List the molecules involved in the carbon cycle. Draw and label a diagram of the carbon cycle. Explain the effect of combustion, photosynthesis and respiration on the levels of carbon dioxide in the Apply the carbon cycle to different scenarios. 51 Water Cycle. State how the oceans were formed. Describe the main stages of the water cycle. Explain how clouds form. Evaluate the importance of water to living organisms. 52 Fossil Fuels. Describe how fossils are formed to include both plants and animals. State with examples what a fossil fuel is. Write a word equation for the burning of fossil fuels, highlight the products. Analyse data to show the effect of fossil fuels on society, economy and the environment. 53 Pollutants. State what an atmospheric pollutant is. Describe how pollutants are produced. Explain the health problems caused by pollutants. Evaluate the costs of pollutants to society.
54 Greenhouse Effect. List greenhouse gases. Describe what causes the greenhouse effect. Explain the significance of the greenhouse effect. Use graphical data to suggest what will happen to future global temperatures. 55 Climate Change. State what climate change is. Describe the causes of climate change. Explain the issues assiciated with climate change. Suggest how you can reduce the effect of climate change. 56 Conservation of Energy. State what energy is - to include units. List the different ways that energy can be stored. Describe how energy is transferred. Explain the principal of energy conservation. 57 Kinetic Energy. State the measurements you need to calculate KE In terms of mass, velocity and force explain how much KE an object has. Use the KE equation. Rearrange the KE equation to calculate mass. 58 Gravitational Potential Energy. Describe how to increase the GPE of an object. Explain what happens to GPE when an object is falling. Use the PGE equation. Rearrange the GPE equation to work out the height an object needs to be dropped from to reach a specific GPE. 59 Thermal Equilibria. State the direction of thermal energy movement. Describe how a system reaches thermal equilibria. Design an experiment to qualitatively demonstrate thermal equilibria. Write a full method including justification of equipment. Use your understanding of the scientific method to produce a full write up to show how energy is transferred when a system reaches thermal equilibria. 60 Thermal Energy Transfer. List the ways that thermal energy is transferred. Describe what happens when particles are heated up. Explain how energy is transferred by conduction and radiation. Explain why different materials are either conductos or insulators. 61 Energy Efficiency State what the most common form of energy loss is. Draw / analyse Sankey diagrams. Work out the mathematical link between useful energy and wasted energy. Explain energy efficency and how we calculate it. 62 Fuels. State the energy stores that different fuels have. Describe how energy stores are released and the problems caused. Explain how renewable energy resources link to the sun's energy. Evaluate the efficiency of renewable energy sources.