27 3 2008 5 GEO GRA P HICAL RESEA RCH Vol127, No13 May, 2008 CBD CBD 1, 1, 1,2 3 (11, 310027 ; 21, 310027) : CBD, CBD, CBD,,, 1 (A ) 4 (B ) 18 (C ) CBD, 32,,,, CBD B3 (01 4085) B4 (013392), CBD, : CBD ; ; ; : 100020585 (2008) 0320649210,,, 2001, CBD (Central Business District, ) CBD,,,,, :,,,, 1518km 2, CBD, 1 CBD,,,, CBD, CBD (2006 2010) (2011 2015) (2016 2020) (2021 ),, CBD? CBD, CBD, : 2007208222 ; : 2008201224 : (05CJ Y017) : (19622),,,,,, 3 : (19752),,,, E2mail : wenhaizhen @2631 net
650 27 CBD 1 ( : ) 1 Fig1 1 The location of Qianjiang New City Burgess, 1923,, 5,, CBD, Hoyt Harris, CBD [ 1 ], CBD,, CBD,, (t he Peak Land Value Intersection,PL V I) Murp hy, (Central business Height Index,CB H I) > 1, (Central Business In2 tensity Index,CBII) > 50 % CBD [2 ], Darvis ( Hard Core) : CB HI > 4, CBII > 80 %, CBD ; (Core Fringe) CBD, Murp hy [2 ] 9, CBD : 40 %, 16 %, 22 %, 12 %, 10 % CBD CBD,
3 : CBD CBD 651 4, Scott [ 3 ], CBD, ( ) ( ) 3 Herbert [4 ], CBD : ( ) ( ) ( ) 20 70, CBD Russ2 wurm CBD, Davies CBD [5 ], Friedman [ 6 ] 91 1954 1967 CBD,,,, 20 80, CBD, [7 ], CBD, Nakamura [ 8 ] Webb [9 ] Nagai [10 ] CBD CBD CBD, CBD, CBD [11 13 ] [14 ], CBD [15 17 ] [11, 15, 18 ], CBD,, CBD, CBD 20 90, : CBD [19 ] CBD [20 25 ], CBD [26 28 ] 80 CBD, [23 ], CBD,,, CBD [24 ] ( GDP ) CBD [22, 28 ] CBD, CBD, CBD, [23 ], CBD CBD [ 29,30 ], 2 CBD 211 CBD, CBD : ;
652 27 (1) CBD,,, CBD, (2),,, (3) CBD CBD,, (4),, CBD, 212 CBD CBD, CBD,, 4 CBD, 1 (A ) 4 (B ) 18 (C ) CBD ( 1) 1 CBD Tab1 1 Weighting number in the functional maturity of CBD (B) (C) C1 01 0417 CBD GDP 01 0790 4 C2 01 0093 CBD B1 C3 01 0280 CBD C4 01 0136 CBD CBD C5 01 0779 CBD CBD 01 1733 3 C6 01 0218 CBD CBD B2 C7 01 0422 CBD CBD C8 01 0179 CBD C9 01 0581 CBD GDP C10 01 0198 CBD 01 4085 1 C11 01 1167 CBD B3 C12 01 1292 CBD C13 01 0339 CBD C14 01 0507 CBD C15 01 0348 CBD 01 3392 2 C16 01 0447 CBD B4 C17 01 1159 CBD C18 01 1438 CBD 21211 CBD, (1) CBD,,, ; (2) CBD,, CBD,,
3 : CBD CBD 653 2000 m 2 ; CBD ; (3) CBD CBD,, CBD, CBD,, CBD CBD, 21212 CBD, CBD,, CBD, CBD [ 23 ], CBD,,,,, 20 80, CBD,,,,, CBD, CBD,, CBD, ( ) 5 21213,, CBD,, CBD 1000m,,, CBD,,,, CBD CBD,, CBD [23 ],,, CBD : 6 21214 CBD, CBD, CBD,,,,, CBD, 4 ( )
654 27, CBD,, CBD [23 ], CBD 4, : (1) (CBD ) ; (2) ( ) ; (3) ( ) ; (4) ( ),, [ 31 ] [32 ] [33 ] [34 ] [35 ] [36 ],,,, [31 35 ], CBD 4 : n Rij = Pi Gi Pj Gj / D 2 ij ; Fij = Rij / Rij (1) j = 1 (1), Rij ( ) ; Fij ( ), ( ) ; Pi Pj ( ) ; Gi Gj ( ) GDP ; Dij ( ), CBD 3 311 (A H P),, [37 ] Saaty 20 70 [38 ],,,,,,,, Satty 1 9 (9, 5, 1, 1/ 5, 1/ 9, ) A = aij n n (2) (2) aij i a i j a j 312,
3 : CBD CBD 655, n T i : n n Ti = aij ( i = 1,2,, n) (3) j = 1 : n, W i : W i = Ti n Ti W = [ W 1, W 2,, W n ] T i = 1 ( i = 1,2,, n) (4), CBD 36, 32, ( 1), CBD B3 (014085) B4 (013392), CBD 4 : (1), C1 (010417) ; (2), C5 (010779) CBD,, C7 (010422) C6 (010218) ; (3), C12 (011292) C11 (011167), CBD ; (4),, CBD C18 (011438) C17 (011159) 313 : max = n i = 1 ( A W ) i ( A W) i A W i nw i Saaty : CI = max - n n = 9, R I = 1145, n - 1 CR = CI CR < 011, R I A2B B12C B22C B32C B42C, CR 010026 010746 010233 010772 010113 011 ( 2),, 314 2 Tab1 2 Consistency test of the judgement matrix max CI CR A2B 41 0111 01 0037 010026 B12C 31 2165 01 1082 010746 B22C 51 1350 01 0338 010233 B32C 61 5599 01 1120 010772 B42C 41 0493 01 0164 010113 CBD,, CBD CBD,,
656 27 CBD : : 18 Pj = W i X ij ( i = 1,2,,18 ; j = 1,2,,20) (5) i = 1 Pj CBD j ( 2005, 20 ) ; W j i ( 18 ) ; X ij j i, CBD, CBD 0 1, 1 CBD 4 CBD,,,, CBD, CBD, CBD,, CBD,, : ; CBD, ; CBD ;, CBD CBD,,,,, CBD (, ), CBD, CBD, CBD, CBD,, CBD,, CBD,,,,, CBD : [ 1 ] Harris C D, Ulman E1 The nature of cities1 American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1945, 242 : 7 171 [ 2 ] Murphy R E, Vance J E, Epstein B T1 Internal structure of t he CBD1 Economic Geography, 1955, 31 (1) : 21 461 [ 3 ] Scott P1 The Australian CBD1 Economic Geography, 1959, 35 (3) : 290 3141 [ 4 ] Herbert D T, Thomas C J1 Urban Geography : A First Approach1 London : John Villey and Sons, 19821 200 2161 [ 5 ] Davies D H1 Zambia in maps : Graphic perspectives of a developing country1 New York : Africana Pub1 Corp1, 19721
3 : CBD CBD 657 [ 6 ] Friedman J J1 Variations in t he level of cent ral business district retail activity among large U1 S1 cities : 1954 and 19671Land Economics, 1973, 49 (3) : 326 3351 [ 7 ] Brooks J S, Young A H1 Revitalising t he central business district in t he face of decline : The case of New Orleans, 1973 19931 Town Planning Review1,1993, 64 (3) : 251 2711 [ 8 ] Nakamura R1 Ofisu2Biru Chintai2ry no Hedonikku Bunseki ( An hedonic analysis of t he rent of office building), Okayama Daigaku Keizai Gakkai Zasshi1 (Journal of Economic Society of Okayama University), 1994, 25 : 239 2561 [ 9 ] Webb R B, Fisher J D1 Development of an effective rent (Lease) index for t he Chicago CBD1 Journal of Urban E2 conomics, 1996, 39 : 1 191 [ 10 ] Nagai K, Kondo Y, Ohta M1 An hedonic analysis of t he rental office market in t he Tokyo central business district : 1985-1994 Fiscal Years1 The Japanese Economic Review, 2000, 52 (1) : 130 1541 [11 ] Alperovich G, Deut sch J1 Joint estimation of population density functions and t he location of t he central business district1 Journal of Urban Economics, 1994, 36 (3) : 239 2481 [ 12 ] O Hara D J1 Location of firms within a square central business district1 Journal of Political Economy, 1977, 85 (6) : 1189 12071 [ 13 ] Atack J, Margo R A1Location, Location, Location! The price gradient for vacant urban land : New York, 1835 to 19001 Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 1998, 16 (2) : 151 1621 [ 14 ] Colwell, P F, Munneke H J1Land prices and land assembly in t he CBD1 The Journal of Real Estate Finance and E2 conomics, 1999, 18 (2) : 163 1801 [ 15 ] Voit h R1 Parking, transit, and employment in a central business district1 Journal of Urban Economics, 1998, 44 : 43 581 [ 16 ] Hensher D A, King J1 Parking demand and responsiveness to supply, pricing and location in t he Sydney Central Business District1 Transportation Research Part A, 2001, 35 : 177 1961 [ 17 ] Goudie D1 Zonal met hod for urban travel surveys : Sustainability and sample distance from t he CBD1 Journal of Transport Geography, 2002, 10 : 287 3011 [ 18 ] McMillen D P, McDonald J F1 Suburban subcenters and employment density in metropolitan Chicago1 Journal of Urban Economics, 1998, 43 : 157 1801 [ 19 ] 1 CBD 1, 1994, (5) : 19 211 [ 20 ] 1 CBD 1, 1995, (3) : 35 381 [ 21 ] 1 20 CBD 1, 2000, (4) : 43 461 [ 22 ] 1 CBD 1 ( ), 2000, (7) : 41 441 [ 23 ],,, 1 CBD 1, 2000, 55 (4) : 475 4861 [ 24 ],, 1 1, 2003, 26 (3) : 110 1131 [ 25 ], 1 CBD 1, 2004, 24 (1) : 48 521 [ 26 ] 1 1, 1993, (4) : 35 381 [ 27 ] 1 CBD 1, 1995, (3) : 32 341 [ 28 ], 1 CBD 1, 2003, (5) : 22 291 [29 ], 1 CBD CBD 1, 2006, 30 (1) : 13 191 [30 ], 1 CBD CBD 1, 2006, 30 (3) : 13 191 [ 31 ], 1 1, 1996, 16 (1) :51 571 [ 32 ],,, 1 1, 1998, 18 (3) :51 561 [ 33 ],, 1 1, 2001, 21 (1) : 33 371 [ 34 ], 1 1, 2004, 23 (5) :51 541 [35 ], 1 1, 2006,
658 27 25 (2) :222 2321 [ 36 ],,, 1 1, 2007, 26 (1) : 197 2091 [ 37 ] Eeturck D M1 The approach to consistency in t he Analytic Hierarchy Process1 Modelling, 1987 (9) : 61 651 [ 38 ] Saaty T L1 The Analytic Hierechy Process1 New York : Hill, 19801 The construction of the CBD f unctional maturity index system :A case of Qianjiang Ne w City CBD J IA Sheng2hua 1, N IE Chong 1, WEN Hai2zhen 1,2 (11 Center for Real Estate Study,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027,China ; 21 Department of Civil Engineering,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027,China) Abstract :This paper was based on t he practically significant problem,how to weigh the de2 velop ment degree of f unction in CBD1 Based on the case of Qianjiang New City CBD, we constructed a whole f unctional mat urity index system which included 4 subgroup s, namely collective scale, harmony f unction, agglomeration f unction and radiation f unction1 From t he perspective of feasibility, we subdivided t hose 4 subgroup s into 18 indices1 U sing t he A HP(Analytical Hierarchy Process), we acquired weight of each basic index, and t he in2 dices judgement matrix also passed t hrough t he consistency test1 As to t he criterion level indices, we found t he degree of agglomeration f unction and radiation f unction of CBD is dominant in t he regional economy1 Then, in the index level, we found that t he economic scale is more important t han t he scale of construction and t he pop ulation ; and t hat office building is still t he core part of CBD, but t he retail/ service and housing are also impor2 tant ; next, t he cluster of the corporate headquarters and t he financial industry is t he main characters of t he agglo merative f unctio n of CBD ; and t he last but not least, under t he background of economic globalization, the radiation f unction p ut more emp hasis on t he e2 conomic relationship between t he international/ regional economic body and CBD than on ot hers1 And also, the paper aims to do some help to t he practical and theoretical society1 Key words :CBD ; Qianjiang New City ; f unctional mat urity ; Analytical Hierarchy Process (A HP)