New York Social Studies Core Curriculum: The Eastern Hemisphere (Grade 6) Grade 6: The Eastern Hemisphere The grade 6 social studies program emphasizes the interdependence of all people, keying on the Eastern Hemisphere. Many of the lessons and activities for this grade level draw on specific examples of nations and regions in the Eastern Hemisphere chosen by the district. It is highly recommended that lessons also compare and contrast this specific information with similar data from the United States, Canada, and Latin America. The grade 6 program focuses on a social science perspective emphasizing the interaction of geography and economics. The core disciplines of geography and economics are used to develop and draw relationships and understandings about social/cultural, political, and historic aspects of life in the Eastern Hemisphere. Historical insights are used as a means of developing a total perspective rather than an organizing framework. The focus should be on major turning points that segue into the 7th-grade social history of the United States. Each district has a responsibility for extending the student s content examples from cultures other than the student s own, and from a variety of geographic, socioeconomic, ethnic, and racial groups. Grade 6 Content Understandings History of Eastern Hemisphere nations Time can be measured in years, decades, centuries, and millennia. SE/TE: Timelines, 52 53 SE/TE: Timelines, 80 SE/TE: Timelines, 180 SE/TE: Using Timelines, 14 15; Timelines, 78, 190 191, 199, 213, 237 SE/TE: Timelines, 47, 87 1
Key turning points and events in the histories of Eastern Hemisphere nations can be organized into different historical time periods. The study of Eastern Hemisphere nations should include countries from each continent. SE/TE: Timelines, 52 53; Using Cause and Effect, 104; Recognize Causes and Effects, 110; Use Signal Words, 118; Understand Sequence, 200; Recognize Words That Signal Sequence, 208 SE/TE: Identifying Cause and Effect, 66 67; Timelines, 80; Test-Taking Tips, 93; Sequence, 120; Understand Sequence, 122; Recognize Signal Words, 130; Cause and Effect, 170; Identify Causes and Effects, 184; Understand Effects, 190; Recognize Multiple Causes, 195; Understand Effects, 200; Recognize Cause-and-Effect Signal Words, 208 SE/TE: Timelines, 180; also see: From Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages, 36 44; Renaissance and the Age of Revolution, 45 54; Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59; Imperial Russia to the Soviet Union, 62 69; Set a Purpose for Reading, 10; Predict, 17; Preview and Ask Questions, 26 SE/TE: Reading Informational Texts, RW1; Using Timelines, 14 15; Identify Cause and Effect, 30, 66, 164, 242; Finding Sequence, 66, 202; Timelines, 78, 190 191, 199, 213, 237; Using Cause and Effect, 106; Using Sequence, 208; Test-Taking Tips, 243 TE: Sequence, 14 15 SE/TE: Timelines, 47, 87; Identifying Cause and Effect, 68 69; Cause and Effect, 88; Identify Causes and Effects, 90; Making an Outline, 98 99; Understand Effects, 100; Recognize Cause and Effect Signal Words, 108; Sequence, 116; Recognize Sequence Signal Words, 118; Identify Sequence, 126 2
Different peoples may view the same event or issue from different perspectives. SE/TE: Reading Informational Texts, RW1; Distinguish Between Facts and Opinions, RW1; Distinguishing Fact and Opinion, 116; 186 189; Analyzing Primary Sources, 206 SE/TE: Reading Informational Texts, RW1; Distinguish Between Facts and Opinions, RW1; 138 141; Recognizing Bias, 110 111 SE/TE: Target Reading Skill, 8 9, 10 16, 17 23, 26 32, 33 34, 35, 36 44, 45 54, 55 59, 62 69, 70 77, 84 90, 91 97, 100 106, 122 129, 130 137, 138 144, 145 151, 154 160; Skills for Life, 60 61, 98 99, 152 153 SE/TE: Reading Informational Texts, RW1; Distinguish Between Facts and Opinions, RW1; Critical Thinking: Evaluate Information, 129, 134, 200, 228 TE: Identify frame of reference/point of view, 49; Use reliable information, 112; Distinguish between fact and opinion, 123; Analyze primary sources, 161; Recognize bias and propaganda, 198 SE/TE: Using Reliable Information, 42 43; Distinguishing Fact and Opinion, 138 139; Target Reading Skills, 8, 10, 18, 26, 34, 36, 37, 39, 44, 52, 60, 62, 70, 78, 88, 90, 100, 108, 116, 118, 126, 133, 140; Literature: Of Swords and Sorcerers, 148 151 The Neolithic Revolution was a technological development that radically changed the nature of human society. SE/TE: n Beginnings, 36 38 SE/TE: Prehistory, 16 21; Focus on Hunter- Gatherers, 22 23 3
As the river civilizations of the Eastern Hemisphere (Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and the Indus Valley) turned to agriculture, world populations grew. (Focus on two of these.) SE/TE: Egypt: A Nation on the Nile, 110 117 SE/TE: South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109 SE/TE: The Fertile Crescent, 32 33; Land Between Two Rivers, 34 39; The of the Nile, 70 75; The Indus and Ganges River Valleys, 108 115; The of China s River Valleys, 138 145 Across time, technological innovations have had both positive and negative effects on people, places, and regions. For example, the invention of writing made more complex civilizations and more advanced technologies possible. SE/TE: Farming, 14, 18, 19, 20, 26, 27, 30, 38, 39, 66, 67, 69, 95, 99, 113, 115, 121, 137, 151, 170, 173; Irrigation, 14, 19, 66, 113, 146, 147; Technology, 36, 37, 51, 54, 69, 72; Astrolabe, 51; Lateen Sail, 51; Shipping, 151; Writing systems, 167 SE/TE: Farming, 17, 24, 33, 34, 41, 48, 58, 72, 104, 151, 163, 239, 240; Technology, 81, 88, 204; Printing Press, 79; Transportation, 88, 125, 148, 150 SE/TE: Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59; Eyewitness Technology, 66, 103 SE/TE: Natural resources and civilizations, 6; Writing Systems, 11 12, 34, 49 51, 93 94, 102, 141, 153, 162, 170, 171; Copper, 10, 27, 88; Focus On Farming in Mesopotamia, 41; Technology, 85, 112, 161 162, 221, 222; Silk, 160 SE/TE: Greek fire, 10; Aqueducts, 11; Farming, 37, 71, on chinampas, 73, 80, 81, 84, 93; Metalworking, 41; Mining, 45, 49; Architecture, 50, Churches of Lalibela, 54, Machu Picchu, 62, 64, Mounds, 78, 79, 80, 81, Multi story pueblos, 81, 82, tipis, 83, Taj Mahal, 112, cathedrals, 126, 127; Bridges, 66; Irrigation, 82, 93; Gunpowder, 95; Silk, 94; Moveable type, books, 95 TE: Industrial Revolution, 188g 4
Across time, technological innovations have had both positive and negative effects on people, places, and regions. For example, the invention of writing made more complex civilizations and more advanced technologies possible. Civilizations and cultures of the Eastern Hemisphere (China, India, Greece, and Rome) are explored through the arts and sciences, key documents, and other important artifacts. SE/TE: Eyewitness Technology, 46, 130; Interacting with Environment, 13; Describe Population Density, 66; Reasons to Move, 71; Culture has Changed the Landscape, 95; How People Use the Land, 120 127; People s Effect on the Environment, 128 132; Map Master, 11, 12, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 29, 32, 38, 42, 44, 53, 56, 61, 62, 69, 73, 77, 86, 98, 100, 110, 115, 124, 134; Video Link: Discovery Channel Video: Migration; The Natural Resources of an Island Nation SE/TE: Links to Art, 100; Links to Language Arts, 138, 167; Literature, 186 189; Reading Informational Texts, RW1; Distinguish Between Facts and Opinions, RW1; Distinguishing Fact and Opinion, 116; 186 189; Analyzing Primary Sources, 206 SE/TE: Links to Art, 213, 232; Reading Informational Texts, RW1; Distinguish Between Facts and Opinions, RW1; 138 141; Recognizing Bias, 110 111 SE/TE: Links to Language Arts, 174; Target Reading Skill, 8 9, 10 16, 17 23, 26 32, 33 34, 35, 36 44, 45 54, 55 59, 62 69, 70 77, 84 90, 91 97, 100 106, 122 129, 130 137, 138 144, 145 151, 154 160; Skills for Life, 60 61, 98 99, 152 153 SE/TE: Links to Art: Han Dynasty Bronze Work, 154, Painting Their Lives, 184; Links to Language Arts: Common Roots, 119, The Latin Language, 227, Sign of the Fish, 230; Reading Informational Texts, RW1; Distinguish Between Facts and Opinions, RW1; Critical Thinking: Evaluate Information, 129, 134, 200, 228 TE: Identify frame of reference/point of view, 49; Use reliable information, 112; Distinguish between fact and opinion, 123; Analyze primary sources, 161; Recognize bias and propaganda, 198 5
Civilizations and cultures of the Eastern Hemisphere (China, India, Greece, and Rome) are explored through the arts and sciences, key documents, and other important artifacts. Religions and other belief systems (animism, ancestor worship, Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam) have both united and divided the peoples of the Eastern Hemisphere. SE/TE: Links to Art, 49; Links to Language Arts, 93; Using Reliable Information, 42 43; Distinguishing Fact and Opinion, 138 139; Target Reading Skills, 8, 10, 18, 26, 34, 36, 37, 39, 44, 52, 60, 62, 70, 78, 88, 90, 100, 108, 116, 118, 126, 133, 140; Literature: Of Swords and Sorcerers, 148 151 SE/TE: Ethiopia: Religious Roots, 166 170; Christianity, 43, 46, 94, 111, 140, 144; Islam, 46, 94, 80, 110, 111, 103, 168; Judaism, 168 SE/TE: Buddhism, 76, 77, 82, 86, 95, 96, 98, 123; Islam, 95, 99, 105, 121, 123, 199, 200, 203, 205, 209; Hinduism, 95, 96, 98, 101, 102, 121, 122, 123; Israel: Economics and Cultures, 195 199; Christianity, 106, 121, 123 SE/TE: From Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages, 36 44; Renaissance and the Age of Revolution, 45 54; The Cultures of, 82 109 SE/TE: Judaism, 60 64; Egyptian Religion, 82 89; Hinduism in Ancient India, 116 120; The Beginnings of Buddhism, 121 127; Confucius and His Teachings, 146 150; Religion, Philosophy, and the Arts, 174 180; Christianity and the Roman Empire, 229 235 SE/TE: Christianity, 13, 14, 22, 27, 53, 54, 104, 105, 119, 133 137, 141; Islam, 15, 18 23, 27 28, 29, 30, 46, 52, 110, 112, 134; Judaism, 22; Hinduism, 109, 110, 112; Buddhism, 105 SE/TE: Religions, 95, 98, 100, 101, 110 TE: Religion in daily life, 98 6
The civilizations and cultures of the Eastern Hemisphere have contributed important ideas, beliefs, and traditions to the history of humankind. SE/TE: : Shaped by Its History, 35; n Beginnings, 36 41; Kingdoms, City States, and Empires, 42 49; European Conquest of, 50 56; Independence and Its Challenges, 57 65; Today, 66 72; Cultures of, 76 77; The Cultures of North, 78 83; The Cultures of West, 84 91; The Cultures of East, 92 96; The Cultures of Southern and Central, 97 100 SE/TE: East Asia: Cultures and History, 76 77; Historic Traditions, 78 83; People and Cultures, 86 90; South, Southwest, and Central Asia: Cultures and History, 94 95; SE/TE: South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109; Central Asia, Cultures and History, 110 116; Southeast Region: Cultures and History, 120 121; Southeast Asia: Cultures and History, 122 127; The Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 128 134; China: Transforming Itself, 148 153; Japan: Tradition and Change, 154 159 SE/TE: From Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages, 36 44; Renaissance and the Age of Revolution, 45 54; Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59; Imperial Russia to the Soviet Union, 62 69; The European Union, 70 77; The Cultures of Western Europe, 84 90; The Cultures of Eastern Europe, 91 97; The Cultures of the Russian Federation, 100 106; Links to Government, 155; Links to Language Arts, 174; Links Across the World, 183 SE/TE: The Beginnings of Human Society, 8 9; The Beginnings of Civilizations, 24 28; Egyptian Religion, 82 89; Ancient Egyptian Culture, 90 97; The Cultures of Nubia, 98 102; Hinduism in Ancient India, 116 120; The Beginnings of Buddhism, 121 127; Confucius and His Teachings, 146 150; Religion, Philosophy, and the Arts, 174 180; The Spread of Greek Culture, 196 200; Roman Daily Life, 224 228 7
The civilizations and cultures of the Eastern Hemisphere have contributed important ideas, beliefs, and traditions to the history of humankind. From earliest times, networks of trade have connected the various civilizations of the Eastern Hemisphere. SE/TE: The Beginnings of Islam, 18 23; The Golden Age of Muslim Civilization, 24 30; West n Kingdoms, 44 51; Cultures of Middle America, 70 75; Cultures of North America, 78 84; Golden Ages of China, 90 97; The Church and the Rise of Cities, 126 132 SE/TE: Earth s Human, 58 89; Cultures of the World, 90 111; Earth s Human, 58 59; Population, 60 66; Why People Migrate, 67 73; Cultures of the World, 90 91; What Is Culture? 92 95; Social Groups, Language, and Religion, 96 103; Cultural Change, 104 108; Review and Activities, 109 110 SE/TE: Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Trade, 82, 104, 156, 186, 198, 239, 240; Immigrants, 132 33, 137, 159, 198 SE/TE: Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59; The European Union, 70 77 SE/TE: Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; The Spread of Greek Culture, 196 200; Christianity and the Roman Empire, 229 235 SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 8
Individuals and groups in the Eastern Hemisphere have played important roles and made important contributions to world history. SE/TE: : Shaped by Its History, 35; n Beginnings, 36 41; Kingdoms, City States, and Empires, 42 49; European Conquest of, 50 56; Independence and Its Challenges, 57 65; Today, 66 72; Cultures of, 76 77; The Cultures of North, 78 83; The Cultures of West, 84 91; The Cultures of East, 92 96; The Cultures of Southern and Central, 97 100 SE/TE: East Asia: Cultures and History, 76 77; Historic Traditions, 78 83; People and Cultures, 86 90; South, Southwest, and Central Asia: Cultures and History, 94 95; South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109; Central Asia, Cultures and History, 110 116; Southeast Region: Cultures and History, 120 121; Southeast Asia: Cultures and History, 122 127; The Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 128 134; China: Transforming Itself, 148 153; Japan: Tradition and Change, 154 159 SE/TE: From Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages, 36 44; Renaissance and the Age of Revolution, 45 54; Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59; Imperial Russia to the Soviet Union, 62 69; The European Union, 70 77; The Cultures of Western Europe, 84 90; The Cultures of Eastern Europe, 91 97; The Cultures of the Russian Federation, 100 106; Links to Government, 155; Links to Language Arts, 174; Links Across the World, 183 SE/TE: The Beginnings of Human Society, 8 9; The Beginnings of Civilizations, 24 28; Egyptian Religion, 82 89; Ancient Egyptian Culture, 90 97; The Cultures of Nubia, 98 102; Hinduism in Ancient India, 116 120; The Beginnings of Buddhism, 121 127; Confucius and His Teachings, 146 150; Religion, Philosophy, and the Arts, 174 180; The Spread of Greek Culture, 196 200; Roman Daily Life, 224 228 9
Individuals and groups in the Eastern Hemisphere have played important roles and made important contributions to world history. SE/TE: The Beginnings of Islam, 18 23; The Golden Age of Muslim Civilization, 24 30; West n Kingdoms, 44 51; Cultures of Middle America, 70 75; Cultures of North America, 78 84; Golden Ages of China, 90 97; The Church and the Rise of Cities, 126 132 SE/TE: Earth s Human, 58 89; Cultures of the World, 90 111; Earth s Human, 58 59; Population, 60 66; Why People Migrate, 67 73; Cultures of the World, 90 91; What Is Culture? 92 95; Social Groups, Language, and Religion, 96 103; Cultural Change, 104 108; Review and Activities, 109 110 Slavery has existed across eras and regions in the Eastern Hemisphere. SE/TE: Slave Trade, 50, 52 54, 98, 132; Sierra Leone, 134 TE: Slave Trade, 126f SE/TE: Slavery, 28, 91, 184 185, 228, 286 TE: Slavery, 184 SE/TE: Slavery, 7, 49, 183, 184 185 Internal and external factors altered civilizations in the Eastern Hemisphere and eventually contributed to their decline. SE/TE: Kingdoms, City States, and Empires, 42 49; European Conquest of, 50 56 SE/TE: East Asia: Cultures and History, 76 77; Historic Traditions, 78 83; People and Cultures, 86 90; South, Southwest, and Central Asia: Cultures and History, 94 95; South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109; Central Asia, Cultures and History, 110 116; Southeast Region: Cultures and History, 120 121; Southeast Asia: Cultures and History, 122 127; The Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 128 134 10
Internal and external factors altered civilizations in the Eastern Hemisphere and eventually contributed to their decline. SE/TE: From Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages, 36 44; Renaissance and the Age of Revolution, 45 54; Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59; Imperial Russia to the Soviet Union, 62 69 SE/TE: Babylonia and Assyria, 42 46; The Legacy of Mesopotamia, 47 51; Mediterranean Civilizations, 52 57; The Rulers of Egypt, 76 81; The Cultures of Nubia, 98 102; The Maurya Empire, 128 132; Warring Kingdoms Unite, 151 156; Achievements of Ancient China, 158 162; Sparta and Athens, 188 195; Christianity and the Roman Empire, 229 235; The Fall of Rome, 236 240 SE/TE: Byzantine and Muslim Civilizations, 8 9; The Byzantine Empire, 10 17; The Beginnings of Islam, 18 23; SE/TE: The Golden Age of Muslim Civilization, 24 30; West n Kingdoms, 44 51; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; South America and the Incas, 62 67; Civilizations of Asia, 88 89; Golden Ages of China, 90 97; Medieval Japan, 100 105; The Great Mughal Empire in India, 108 112 11
During the late Middle Ages and Renaissance periods, new long distance trade routes emerged, linking the peoples of, Asia, and Europe. SE/TE: Kingdoms, City States, and Empires, 45 49; European Conquest of, 50 56 SE/TE: West n Kingdoms, 44 51; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; South America and the Incas, 62 67 SE/TE: East Asia: Cultures and History, 76 77; Historic Traditions, 78 83; People and Cultures, 86 90; South, Southwest, and Central Asia: Cultures and History, 94 95; South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109; Central Asia, Cultures and History, 110 116; Southeast Region: Cultures and History, 120 121; Southeast Asia: Cultures and History, 122 127; The Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 128 134 SE/TE: Renaissance and the Age of Revolution, 45 54 In Europe, the Renaissance was marked by major achievements in literature, music, painting, sculpture, and architecture. SE/TE: Renaissance and the Age of Revolution, 45 54 SE/TE: Europe in the Middle Ages, 116 117; The Church and the Rise of Cities, 126 132 The crime of genocide crosses cultures and eras. Jews and other groups experienced devastation at the hands of Nazi Germany. Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: SE/TE: Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59 12
of Eastern Hemisphere nations The use of various grids, symbols, and notations makes it possible to locate specific places and indicate distance and direction in the Eastern Hemisphere. SE/TE: The Five Themes of, 10 15; The Geographer s Tools, 16 22; Latitude, 30 32, 41, 42, 171, 172; Longitude, 29 TE: Trimetrogon method, 8f SE/TE: Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 TE: Use cartographer s tools, 29 SE/TE: Reading Route Maps, 84 85; Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 SE/TE: Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 SE/TE: Using Route Maps, 96 97; Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 SE/TE: Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 13
Special purpose maps can be used to show various geographic aspects of Earth s surface as seen in the Eastern Hemisphere. SE/TE: The Five Themes of, 10 15; The Geographer s Tools, 16 22 SE/TE: Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 TE: Special Purpose Maps, 40 SE/TE: Reading Route Maps, 84 85; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 SE/TE: Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 SE/TE: Using Route Maps, 96 97; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 SE/TE: Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17 The nations and regions of the Eastern Hemisphere can be studied using maps, globes, aerial and other photographs, satelliteproduced images, and models. (Taken from: National Standards, 1994). SE/TE: The Five Themes of, 10 15; The Geographer s Tools, 16 22; Latitude, 30 32, 41, 42, 171, 172; Longitude, 29; Map Master, 11, 12, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 29, 32, 38, 42, 44, 53, 56, 61, 62, 69, 73, 77, 86, 98, 100, 110, 115, 124, 134 TE: Trimetrogon method, 8f SE/TE: Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17; Map Master, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 17, 21, 27, 29, 32, 35, 40, 43, 47, 55, 60, 74, 77, 82, 102, 105, 112, 120, 124, 127, 139, 145, 153, 156, 159, 169, 174, 180, 184, 191, 203, 211, 214 TE: Use cartographer s tools, 29; Special Purpose Maps, 40 14
The nations and regions of the Eastern Hemisphere can be studied using maps, globes, aerial and other photographs, satelliteproduced images, and models. (Taken from: National Standards, 1994). SE/TE: Reading Route Maps, 84 85; Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17; Map Master, 9, 12, 15, 16, 21, 29, 31, 32, 36, 38, 40, 45, 46, 47, 50, 53, 55, 56, 59, 63, 74, 77, 89, 92, 95, 97, 104, 118, 121, 124, 136, 143, 168, 171, 187, 193, 197, 202, 211, 216, 219, 244 SE/TE: Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17; Map Master, 9, 12, 18, 21, 22, 27, 30, 37, 40, 59, 63, 72, 77, 83, 86, 92, 94, 101, 108, 124, 134, 140, 147, 155, 156 SE/TE: Using Route Maps, 96 97; Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17; Map Master, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 19, 30, 33, 35, 43, 53, 55, 63, 66, 69, 79, 100, 104, 107, 109, 124, 130, 134, 137, 154, 159, 164, 167, 192, 198, 202, 209, 211, 232, 238, 242 SE/TE: Understanding Globes, M4 M5; Map Projections, M6 M7; How To Use Map, M8 M9; Political Maps, M10; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps, M12 M13; Human Migration, M14 M15; World Land Use, M16 M17; Map Master, 9, 27, 32, 35, 37, 39, 61, 63, 80, 86, 89, 92, 101, 111, 114, 117, 119, 130, 135 15
The nations and regions of the Eastern Hemisphere can be analyzed in terms of spatial organization, places and regions, physical settings (including natural resources), human systems, and environment and society. SE/TE: Human-environment interaction, 11, 22, 23; Congo River, 13,14; Land and Water, 10 15; Sahara Desert, 20, 21, 36, 81, 118; Climate and Vegetation, 16 25; Tropical savanna, 20, 84; Resources and Land Use, 26 30; Huntergatherers, 37; n Beginnings, 36 41; Flooding, 39; The Cultures of North, 78 83; The Cultures of West, 84 91; The Cultures of East, 92 96; The Cultures of Southern and Central, 97 100; Egypt: A Nation on the Nile, 110 117; Algeria: Varied, Varied History, 118 122; Mali: Desert Living, 150 154; Tanzania: Determined to Succeed, 171 177; Mount Kenya, 179; Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Wealth of Possibilities, 200 207 TE: Use cartographer s tools, 29; Special Purpose Maps, 40 SE/TE: Human-environment interaction, M1, 47, 59, 166; Human Migration, M14 15; Volcanoes, 11, 54, 56, 64, 69, 71; Aral Sea, 46, 48; Historic Traditions, 78 83; People and Cultures, 86 90; South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109; Central Asia, Cultures and History, 110 116; Southeast Asia: Cultures and History, 122 127; The Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 128 134; Industry, 149, 151, 154 155, 156, 164, 186, 192, 194, 196; China: Transforming Itself, 148 153; Japan: Tradition and Change, 154 159; The Koreas: A Divided Land, 162; Urban areas, 185; India: In the Midst of Change, 184 189; Israel: Economics and Cultures, 195 199; Saudi Arabia: Oil and Islam, 200 205; The Stans: A Diverse Region, 206 214 SE/TE: Five Themes of, M1; Natural barriers and civilizations, 5; Natural resources and civilizations, 6; and History, 10 13; Human-environment interaction, 18, 154; Land Between Two Rivers, 35 36; The of the Nile, 70 75; Himalaya mountains, 108, 109; Rivers in India, 109, 110; Great Wall of China, 136, 152, 154, 156; The of China s River Valleys, 138 140; and ancient communities, 169 16
The nations and regions of the Eastern Hemisphere can be analyzed in terms of spatial organization, places and regions, physical settings (including natural resources), human systems, and environment and society. A region is an area which is tied together for some identifiable reason, such as physical, political, economic, or cultural features. TE: Agriculture, M16; Grains, Floods, 8f, 141; Aswan High Dam, 68h; Nile River and Egypt, 74 SE/TE: Aqueducts, 11; Farming, 37, 71, on chinampas, 73, 80, 81, 84, 93; Metalworking, 41; Mining, 45, 49; Terrace farming, 66; Slash and burn farming, 72; Natural resources, 79; Irrigation, 82, 93; Economics, feudalism, 103, 121 123, 127, guilds, 131 SE/TE: Earth s Human, 58 89; Cultures of the World, 90 111; Earth s Human, 58 59; Population, 60 66; Why People Migrate, 67 73; Cultures of the World, 90 91; What Is Culture? 92 95; Social Groups, Language, and Religion, 96 103; Cultural Change, 104 108; Review and Activities, 109 110 SE/TE: : Shaped by Its History, 35; n Beginnings, 36 41; Kingdoms, City States, and Empires, 42 49; European Conquest of, 50 56; Independence and Its Challenges, 57 65; Today, 66 72; Cultures of, 76 77; The Cultures of North, 78 83; The Cultures of West, 84 91; The Cultures of East, 92 96; The Cultures of Southern and Central, 97 100 SE/TE: East Asia: Cultures and History, 76 77; Historic Traditions, 78 83; People and Cultures, 86 90; South, Southwest, and Central Asia: Cultures and History, 94 95; South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109; Central Asia, Cultures and History, 110 116; Southeast Region: Cultures and History, 120 121; Southeast Asia: Cultures and History, 122 127; The Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 128 134; China: Transforming Itself, 148 153; Japan: Tradition and Change, 154 159 17
A region is an area which is tied together for some identifiable reason, such as physical, political, economic, or cultural features. SE/TE: : Physical, 8 9; Land and Water, 10 16; Climate and Vegetation, 17 23; The European Union, 70 77; The Cultures of Western Europe, 84 90; The Cultures of Eastern Europe, 91 97; The Cultures of the Russian Federation, 100 106; France: Cultural Heritage and Diversity, 130 137; Italy: Northern and Southern Divisions, 145 151; Germany: A Unified Nation, 154 160 SE/TE: The Beginnings of Human Society, 8 9; The Beginnings of Civilizations, 24 28; Egyptian Religion, 82 89; Ancient Egyptian Culture, 90 97; The Cultures of Nubia, 98 102; Hinduism in Ancient India, 116 120; The Beginnings of Buddhism, 121 127; Confucius and His Teachings, 146 150; Religion, Philosophy, and the Arts, 174 180; The Spread of Greek Culture, 196 200; Roman Daily Life, 224 228 SE/TE: The Beginnings of Islam, 18 23; The Golden Age of Muslim Civilization, 24 30; West n Kingdoms, 44 51; Cultures of Middle America, 70 75; Cultures of North America, 78 84; Golden Ages of China, 90 97; The Church and the Rise of Cities, 126 132 Civilizations developed where geographic conditions were most favorable. SE/TE: Great Rift Valley, 12; Human-environment interaction, 11, 22, 23; Congo River, 13,14; Land and Water, 10 15; Sahara Desert, 20, 21, 36, 81, 118; Climate and Vegetation, 16 25; Tropical savanna, 20, 84; Resources and Land Use, 26 30; Hunter-gatherers, 37; n Beginnings, 36 41; Flooding, 39; The Cultures of North, 78 83; The Cultures of West, 84 91; The Cultures of East, 92 96; The Cultures of Southern and Central, 97 100; Egypt: A Nation on the Nile, 110 117; Algeria: Varied, Varied History, 118 122; Mali: Desert Living, 150 154; Tanzania: Determined to Succeed, 171 177; Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Wealth of Possibilities, 200 207 18
Civilizations developed where geographic conditions were most favorable. SE/TE: Human Migration, M14 15; Huang River, 9, 11, 17, 26, 27; Himalayas, 11, 28, 30, 31; Natural Resources and Land Use, 18 24; Ganges, 32; Indus, 32; Euphrates, 37, 104; Tigris, 37, 104; Great Wall of China, 79; South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109; Central Asia, Cultures and History, 110 116; Southeast Asia: Cultures and History, 122 127; The Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 128 134; China: Transforming Itself, 148 153; Japan: Tradition and Change, 154 159; The Koreas: A Divided Land, 162 166; India: In the Midst of Change, 184 189; Israel: Economics and Cultures, 195 199; Saudi Arabia: Oil and Islam, 200 205; The Stans: A Diverse Region, 206 214; Australia: A Pacific Rim Country, 238 242 SE/TE: : Physical, 8 9; Land and Water, 10 16; Climate and Vegetation, 17 23; Resources and Land Use, 26 32 SE/TE: Five Themes of, M1; Natural barriers and civilizations, 5; Natural resources and civilizations, 6; and History, 10 13; Human-environment interaction, 18, 154;, 35 36, 70 75, 109 110, 138 140; Rivers in India, 109, 110; Himalaya mountains, 108, 109; Rivers in China, 138 140; and ancient communities, 169 TE: Agriculture, M16; Floods, 8f, 141; Nile River and Egypt, 74; Aswan High Dam, 68h; Silk Road, 136h SE/TE: and the Bantu, 36 41; also see: East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Hunter gatherers, 79, 82; Mississippi river, 63; Transportation, roads, 65, 66, 81, 97, horses, 83, silk road, 89, 90, Grand Canal, 92, compass, 95, Viking ships, 121, better ships, maps, 137; A Sailor s Life at Sea, 168 169 19
Geographic features and climatic conditions in the Eastern Hemisphere influence land use. SE/TE: : Physical, 8 9; Land and Water, 10 15; Climate and Vegetation, 16 25; Resources and Land Use, 26 30; Review and Assessment, 31 32 SE/TE: Climate, 15, 16 17, 56 57, 64, 71, 190; Deserts, 35, 36, 37, 38, 45, 269; East Asia: Physical : Land and Water, 10 13, Climate and Vegetation, 14 17; South, Southwest, and Central Asia: Physical, 28 29; South Asia, Physical, 30 34; Southwest Asia, Physical, 35 41; Central Asia, Physical, 42 48; Southeast Asia and the Pacific Region: Physical, 52 53; Southeast Asia: Physical, 54 60; Australia and New Zealand: Physical, 61 65; The Pacific Islands: Physical, 66 72; Physical Maps, M11; Special Purpose Maps: Climate, M12 SE/TE: : Physical, 8 9; Land and Water, 10 16; Climate and Vegetation, 17 23; Resources and Land Use, 26 32; Review and Assessment, 33 34; Standardized Test Prep, 35 SE/TE: Natural barriers and civilizations, 5; and History, 10 13; Land Between Two Rivers, 34 39; The of the Nile, 70 75; The Indus and Ganges River Valleys, 108 115; The of China s River Valleys, 138 145; Climate of China, 137, 139; Climate of India, 109 110 The geographic diversity of the Eastern Hemisphere has significantly influenced physical mobility and the course of human development. SE/TE: Human Migration, M14 15; n Beginnings, 36 41; Bantu migrations, 40 41; European Conquest of, 50 56; Cultural diffusion, 82, 83, 93; Urbanization, 87, 98, 113; Mali: Desert Living, 150 154; Ethiopia: Religious Roots, 166 170; Migration, 179 SE/TE: Human Migration, M14 15; Immigrants, 132 33, 137, 159, 198 20
The geographic diversity of the Eastern Hemisphere has significantly influenced physical mobility and the course of human development. SE/TE: Using Route Maps, 178 179; From Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages, 36 44; Links Across the World, 183 SE/TE: Human Migration, M14 15; Five Themes of, M1; Natural barriers and civilizations, 5; Migration, 9, 110, 112; Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 75, 97, 98, 102, 158 160; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; of Ancient China, 138 140; Warring Kingdoms Unite, 149 156; The Spread of Greek Culture, 196 200; Christianity and the Roman Empire, 229 235 SE/TE: and the Bantu, 36 41; also see: East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Hunter gatherers, 79, 82; Mississippi river, 63; Transportation, roads, 65, 66, 81, 97, horses, 83, silk road, 89, 90, Grand Canal, 92, compass, 95, Viking ships, 121, better ships, maps, 137; A Sailor s Life at Sea, 168 169 The migration of groups of people has led to cultural diffusion because people carry their ideas and ways of life with them when they move from one place to another. SE/TE: Cultures of the World, 90 91; What Is Culture? 92 95; Social Groups, Language, and Religion, 96 103; Cultural Change, 104 108 SE/TE: Human Migration, M14 15; Migration, 9, 110, 112; Bronze, 27, 75, 79, 98, 154, 155; The Beginnings of Civilizations, 24 28; Babylonia and Assyria, 42 46; Mediterranean Civilizations, 52 57; Judaism, 60 64; Egyptian Religion, 82 89; Hinduism in ancient India, 116 120; The Beginnings of Buddhism, 121 127; The Maurya Empire, 128 132; Confucius and His Teachings, 146 150; Warring Kingdoms Unite, 149 156; Achievements of Ancient China, 158 162; Religion, Philosophy, and the Arts, 174 180; The Fall of Rome, 236 240; Links Across the World: A King With One God, 84; Links to Art, Han Dynasty Bronze Work, 154; Painting Their Lives, 184; Links to Language Arts, Common Roots, 119; 21
The migration of groups of people has led to cultural diffusion because people carry their ideas and ways of life with them when they move from one place to another. SE/TE: The Fall of Rome, 236 240; Links Across the World: A King With One God, 84; Links to Art, Han Dynasty Bronze Work, 154; Painting Their Lives, 184; Links to Language Arts, Common Roots, 119; The Latin Language, 227; Sign of the Fish, 230; Greek Influence on Rome, 220 222; Christianity and the Roman Empire, 229 235 SE/TE: The Great Temple, 20 21; Bedouin Life, 24 25; Links to Art, 49; Timbuktu, 50 51; Cultures of Middle America, 70 75; Cultures of North America, 78 84; Links to Language Arts, 93; A Japanese Home, 106 107; A Medieval Manor, 124 125; Literature: Of Swords and Sorcerers, 148 151; A Sailor s Life at Sea, 168 169; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Arrival of Europeans, 83; The Crusades, 133 137 SE/TE: Human Migration, M14 15; Buddhism, 76, 77, 82, 86, 95, 96, 98, 123; Historic Traditions, 78 83; People and Cultures, 86 90; Islam, 95, 99, 105, 121, 123, 199, 200, 203, 205, 209; Hinduism, 95, 96, 98, 101, 102, 121, 122, 123; Trade, 82, 104, 156, 186, 198, 239, 240; Immigrants, 132 33, 137, 159, 198; East Asia: Cultures and History, 76 77; People and Cultures, 86 90; South, Southwest, and Central Asia: Cultures and History, 94 95; South Asia, Cultures and History, 96 102; Southwest Asia, Cultures and History, 103 109; Central Asia, Cultures and History, 110 116; Southeast Asia and the Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 120 121; Southeast Asia: Cultures and History, 122 127; The Pacific Region: Cultures and History, 128 134; Japan: Tradition and Change, 154 159; India: In the Midst of Change, 184 189; Israel: Economics and Cultures, 195 199; Saudi Arabia: Oil and Islam, 200 205 22
The migration of groups of people has led to cultural diffusion because people carry their ideas and ways of life with them when they move from one place to another. SE/TE: The Renaissance and Reformation, 154 160; Conquests in the Americas and, 180 184; Architecture, Versailles, 172; Art, 154, 155, 156, 157, 171, 180; Religion, 157, Protestants, 158, 159, 160, 174, Catholicism, 158, 159, 160, 174, 175, Christianity, 158, 176; Lutherans, 159; Jesuits, 160; Judaism, 175; Aztec religion, 180; Trade, 155, 163, 176, 183 SE/TE: Cultures of, 76 77; The Cultures of North, 78 83; The Cultures of West, 84 91; The Cultures of East, 92 96; The Cultures of Southern and Central, 97 100 Overpopulation and widespread poverty threaten the political stability of some nations in the Eastern Hemisphere. SE/TE: Describe Population Density, 66; Reasons to Move, 71; Culture has Changed the Landscape, 95; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Urbanization, 87, 98; Urban areas, 85, 170, 181 182; Population density, 112, 120, 211 SE/TE: Urban areas, 185; Population density, 12, 13, 271 SE/TE: Growth of Cities, 26 27 SE/TE: Slash and burn farming, 72; Cities, growth of, 131 SE/TE: Describe Population Density, 66; Reasons to Move, 71; Culture has Changed the Landscape, 95; How People Use the Land, 120 127 TE: Urbanization, 58g SE/TE: Urbanization, 87, 98; Urban areas, 85, 170, 181 182; Population density, 112, 120, 211 23
Urbanization has been a characteristic of the civilizations and cultures of the Eastern Hemisphere. SE/TE: Urban areas, 185; Population density, 12, 13, 271 SE/TE: Growth of Cities, 26 27 SE/TE: Slash and burn farming, 72; Cities, growth of, 131 The environment is affected by people as they interact with it. SE/TE: Eyewitness Technology, 46, 130; Interacting with Environment, 13; Describe Population Density, 66; Reasons to Move, 71; Culture has Changed the Landscape, 95; How People Use the Land, 120 127; People s Effect on the Environment, 128 132 SE/TE: Human-environment interaction, 11, 22, 23; Resources and Land Use, 26 30; Egypt: A Nation on the Nile, 110 117; Algeria: Varied, Varied History, 118 122; Mali: Desert Living, 150 154; Tanzania: Determined to Succeed, 171 177; Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Wealth of Possibilities, 200 207 SE/TE: Human-environment interaction, M1, 47, 59, 166; Human Migration, M14 15; Natural Resources and Land Use, 18 24; Environmental Disasters, 48; Historic Traditions, 78 83; Industry, 149, 151, 154 155, 156, 164, 186, 192, 194, 196; China: Transforming Itself, 148 153; Japan: Tradition and Change, 154 159; Urban areas, 185; Saudi Arabia: Oil and Islam, 200 205; Environmental Issues, 213 214 SE/TE: Farming in Mesopotamia, 40; The Pyramid Builder, 88; Mohenjo-Daro, 114; Eyewitness Technology: The Great Pyramid, 85; The Roman Aqueduct, 221; and History, 10 13; Land Between Two Rivers, 34 39; The of the Nile, 70 75 24
The environment is affected by people as they interact with it. The effects of geographic conditions are moderated by technology. SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 32, 33 34; Eyewitness Technology, 66, 103; Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59 SE/TE: Eyewitness Technology, 46, 130; Interacting with Environment, 13; Describe Population Density, 66; Reasons to Move, 71; Culture has Changed the Landscape, 95; How People Use the Land, 120 127; People s Effect on the Environment, 128 132 SE/TE: Human-environment interaction, 11, 22, 23; Resources and Land Use, 26 30; Egypt: A Nation on the Nile, 110 117; Algeria: Varied, Varied History, 118 122; Mali: Desert Living, 150 154; Tanzania: Determined to Succeed, 171 177; Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Wealth of Possibilities, 200 207 SE/TE: Human-environment interaction, M1, 47, 59, 166; Human Migration, M14 15; Natural Resources and Land Use, 18 24; Environmental Disasters, 48; Historic Traditions, 78 83; Industry, 149, 151, 154 155, 156, 164, 186, 192, 194, 196; China: Transforming Itself, 148 153; Japan: Tradition and Change, 154 159; Urban areas, 185; Saudi Arabia: Oil and Islam, 200 205; Environmental Issues, 213 214 SE/TE: Farming in Mesopotamia, 40; The Pyramid Builder, 88; Mohenjo-Daro, 114; Eyewitness Technology: The Great Pyramid, 85; The Roman Aqueduct, 221; and History, 10 13; Land Between Two Rivers, 34 39; The of the Nile, 70 75 SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 32, 33 34; Eyewitness Technology, 66, 103; Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59 25
Economies of Eastern Hemisphere nations The three basic economic questions that must be addressed by every society are: What goods and services shall be produced and in what quantities? How shall goods and services be produced? For whom shall goods and services be produced? SE/TE: Economy, 61, 67, 69, 99, 140, 146; Resources and Land Use, 26 30, 172, 174, 202; Taxes, 45, 47, 119; Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Economy, 34, 39, 72, 150, 148 153, 154 157, 161, 212 213, 234 235, 238 241; Land Use, 41, 58, 72, 151; Farming, 17, 24, 33, 34, 41, 48, 58, 72, 104, 151, 163, 239, 240; Terrace farming, 24; Natural Resources, 20 23, 39 40, 47, 58, 59 60, 72, 165 SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 32; Sweden: A Welfare State, 138 144; Germany: A Unified Nation, 154 160 SE/TE: Economic Systems, 74 79 What Are Natural Resources? 114 119; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Economy, 153, 219, 238 239; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160 TE: Agriculture, M16; Grains, 8f; Silk Road, 136h SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 The ways resources are used impact the economic, political, and historic aspects of life throughout the world. SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 30, 172, 174, 202; Economy, 61, 67, 69, 99, 140, 146; Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Natural Resources, 20 23, 39 40, 47, 58, 59 60, 72, 165; Land Use, 41, 58, 72, 151; Farming, 17, 24, 33, 34, 41, 48, 58, 72, 104, 151, 163, 239, 240; Terrace farming, 24; Economy, 34, 39, 72, 150, 148 153, 154 157, 161, 212 213, 234 235, 238 241 26
The ways resources are used impact the economic, political, and historic aspects of life throughout the world. SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 32; Sweden: A Welfare State, 138 144; Germany: A Unified Nation, 154 160 SE/TE: Economic Systems, 74 79; What Are Natural Resources? 114 119; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Economy, 153, 219, 238 239; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160 TE: Agriculture, M16; Grains, 8f; Silk Road, 136h SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 People have unlimited needs and wants which they must meet with limited resources. SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 30, 172, 174, 202; Economy, 61, 67, 69, 99, 140, 146; Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Natural Resources, 20 23, 39 40, 47, 58, 59 60, 72, 165; Land Use, 41, 58, 72, 151; Farming, 17, 24, 33, 34, 41, 48, 58, 72, 104, 151, 163, 239, 240; Terrace farming, 24; Economy, 34, 39, 72, 150, 148 153, 154 157, 161, 212 213, 234 235, 238 241 SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 32; Sweden: A Welfare State, 138 144; Germany: A Unified Nation, 154 160 SE/TE: Economic Systems, 74 79; What Are Natural Resources? 114 119; How People Use the Land, 120 127 27
People have unlimited needs and wants which they must meet with limited resources. SE/TE: Economy, 153, 219, 238 239; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160 TE: Agriculture, M16; Grains, 8f; Silk Road, 136h SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 A nation with limited natural resources must interact with other nations to secure its resource needs. SE/TE: Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Trade, 82, 104, 156, 186, 198, 239, 240; Immigrants, 132 33, 137, 159, 198 SE/TE: Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59; The European Union, 70 77 SE/TE: Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; The Spread of Greek Culture, 196 200; Christianity and the Roman Empire, 229 235 SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 28
In many areas of the world, improvement in life expectancy and health care have contributed to rapid population growth. Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: SE/TE: Describe Population Density, 66; Reasons to Move, 71; Culture has Changed the Landscape, 95; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Urbanization, 87, 98; Urban areas, 85, 170, 181 182; Population density, 112, 120, 211 SE/TE: Urban areas, 185; Population density, 12, 13, 271 SE/TE: Growth of Cities, 26 27 SE/TE: Slash and burn farming, 72; Cities, growth of, 131 Throughout the Eastern Hemisphere, there is great diversity in the standard of living. SE/TE: Describe Population Density, 66; Reasons to Move, 71; Culture has Changed the Landscape, 95; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Urbanization, 87, 98; Urban areas, 85, 170, 181 182; Population density, 112, 120, 211 SE/TE: Urban areas, 185; Population density, 12, 13, 271 29
Concepts such as scarcity, supply and demand, markets, opportunity costs, resources, productivity, economic growth, and systems can be used to study the economies and economic systems of the various nations of the Eastern Hemisphere. Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 30, 172, 174, 202; Economy, 61, 67, 69, 99, 140, 146; Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Natural Resources, 20 23, 39 40, 47, 58, 59 60, 72, 165; Land Use, 41, 58, 72, 151; Farming, 17, 24, 33, 34, 41, 48, 58, 72, 104, 151, 163, 239, 240; Terrace farming, 24; Economy, 34, 39, 72, 150, 148 153, 154 157, 161, 212 213, 234 235, 238 241 SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 32; Sweden: A Welfare State, 138 144; Germany: A Unified Nation, 154 160 SE/TE: Economic Systems, 74 79; What Are Natural Resources? 114 119; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Economy, 153, 219, 238 239; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160 TE: Agriculture, M16; Grains, 8f; Silk Road, 136h SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 The economic systems of the world have become an interdependent network. SE/TE: Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Trade, 82, 104, 156, 186, 198, 239, 240 SE/TE: The European Union, 70 77 30
Different economic systems have evolved to deal with economic decision making. Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 30, 172, 174, 202; Economy, 61, 67, 69, 99, 140, 146; Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Natural Resources, 20 23, 39 40, 47, 58, 59 60, 72, 165; Land Use, 41, 58, 72, 151; Farming, 17, 24, 33, 34, 41, 48, 58, 72, 104, 151, 163, 239, 240; Terrace farming, 24; Economy, 34, 39, 72, 150, 148 153, 154 157, 161, 212 213, 234 235, 238 241 SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 32; Sweden: A Welfare State, 138 144; Germany: A Unified Nation, 154 160 SE/TE: Economic Systems, 74 79; What Are Natural Resources? 114 119; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Economy, 153, 219, 238 239; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160 TE: Agriculture, M16; Grains, 8f; Silk Road, 136h SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 31
In traditional economies, decision making and problem solving are guided by the past. SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 30, 172, 174, 202; Economy, 61, 67, 69, 99, 140, 146; Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Natural Resources, 20 23, 39 40, 47, 58, 59 60, 72, 165; Land Use, 41, 58, 72, 151; Farming, 17, 24, 33, 34, 41, 48, 58, 72, 104, 151, 163, 239, 240; Terrace farming, 24; Economy, 34, 39, 72, 150, 148 153, 154 157, 161, 212 213, 234 235, 238 241 SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 32; Sweden: A Welfare State, 138 144; Germany: A Unified Nation, 154 160 SE/TE: Economic Systems, 74 79; What Are Natural Resources? 114 119; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Economy, 153, 219, 238 239; The Growth of Communities and Trade along the Nile, 74 75; Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160 TE: Agriculture, M16; Grains, 8f; Silk Road, 136h SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 32
In market economies, decisions regarding what is to be produced are based upon patterns of consumer purchases. SE/TE: Industrial Revolution and Nationalism, 55 59; The European Union, 70 77; Trade, 155, 163, 176, 183 SE/TE: Economic Systems, 74 79; What Are Natural Resources? 114 119; How People Use the Land, 120 127 SE/TE: Economy, 153, 219, 238 239; Trade, 27 28, 53 54, 97, 98, 102, 158 160 TE: Silk Road, 136h SE/TE: Links to Economics, 20, 94; East s Great Trading Centers, 52 56; Trade, 12, 20, 45, 47, 65, 80, 81, 82, 104, 120, 130 131, 137 SE/TE: Economy, 61, 67, 69, 99, 140, 146; Trade, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 78, 82, 83, 93, 95, 118, 137, 143, 151 SE/TE: Economy, 34, 39, 72, 150, 148 153, 154 157, 161, 212 213, 234 235, 238 241 In command economies, decisions regarding the control and use of the means of production and distribution are planned by the government. SE/TE: Imperial Russia to the Soviet Union, 62 69; Sweden: A Welfare State, 138 144; Germany: A Unified Nation, 154 160 SE/TE: Economic Systems, 74 79; What Are Natural Resources? 114 119; How People Use the Land, 120 127 In many countries mixed economies have evolved to deal with economic decision making. Opportunities to address this standard may be found on the following pages: SE/TE: Natural Resources, 20 23, 39 40, 47, 58, 59 60, 72, 165; Land Use, 41, 58, 72, 151; Farming, 17, 24, 33, 34, 41, 48, 58, 72, 104, 151, 163, 239, 240 SE/TE: Resources and Land Use, 26 30, 172, 174, 202; Economy, 61, 67, 69, 99, 140, 146 33