Spatial and Temporal Variations of Global Frictional Torque during the Period
|
|
- Tiffany Dixon
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 128 JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH VOL.30 Spatial and Temporal Variations of Global Frictional Torque during the Period GONG He 1 ( å), HUANG Mei 2 ( p), ZHU Lin 3 (Á»), GUO Shengli 1 (H ), and SHAO Yaping 4 (Ωæ ) 1 Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing , China 2 Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China 3 National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing , China 4 Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Germany (Received July 27, 2015; in final form October 13, 2015) ABSTRACT Frictional torque is an important mean for momentum exchange between the atmosphere and earth, and significantly influences the variation in atmospheric angular momentum. Using NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data for the period , we examined the spatial and temporal patterns of frictional torque. It was found that the globally integrated frictional torque turned from positive to negative in 1972, suggesting that angular momentum was transferred from the earth to the atmosphere before 1972, but from the atmosphere to the earth thereafter. The global frictional torque steadily declined from 1948 to 1994, but has been increasing since It was also found that the global frictional torque is mainly determined by the wind systems in the mid and low latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere (SH), where large changes in frictional torque occurred during the study period. Westerly wind increased continuously in the midlatitudes after 1948, while easterly wind decreased in the tropics of the SH after the 1980s. Key words: frictional torque, atmospheric angular momentum, wind speed Citation: Gong He, Huang Mei, Zhu Lin, et al., 2016: Spatial and temporal variations of global frictional torque during the period J. Meteor. Res., 30(1), , doi: /s y. 1. Introduction Frictional torque is the torque exerted by the atmosphere on the surface of the solid earth due to friction (Driscoll, 2010). It is one of the most important means for angular momentum exchange between these two components of the earth system. For the atmosphere, the tropical easterlies act as angular momentum sources and the midlatitude westerlies as angular momentum sinks (Weickmann and Sardeshmukh, 1994). The variations in atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) influence the earth s rotation, with possible yet unknown feedbacks on atmospheric circulation (De Viron and Dehant, 1999). Much is known about the frictional torque and AAM cycle from earlier studies, but the results are not always consistent. In the 1950s, the concept of torque was already used to explain changes in AAM and the earth s rotation. Oort (1989) used meteorological data for the period to calculate the meridional profiles of the total surface torque and mountain torque, and later, Peixoto and Oort (1992) gave a more detailed review on torques and the AAM balance. Madden (1995) used data from the ECMWF to estimate the frictional torque from May 1978 to May 1988, and found that on the 50-day timescale, the frictional torque works together with the mountain torque to alter the AAM. In contrast, Egger and Hoinka Supported by the National (Key) Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China (2012CB957802). Corresponding author: huangm@igsnrr.ac.cn. The Chinese Meteorological Society and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016
2 NO.1 GONG He, HUANG Mei, ZHU Lin, et al. 129 (2002) reported that these two torques act almost independently. Weickmann (2003) found that frictional torque anomalies are associated with high-latitude SLP anomalies. Studies on frictional torques also suggest that the fluctuations of AAM can be attributed to major climate events, such as ENSO and MJO events (Weickmann et al., 1997; Ponte and Rosen, 1999; De Viron et al., 2001; Egger and Weickmann, 2007). It is important to study the spatial pattern and temporal (especially long-term) variations of frictional torque to improve understanding of angular momentum exchanges between the atmosphere and earth, and the AAM balance. To this end, we estimated the frictional torque for the period using NCEP- NCAR reanalysis data and studied its trend and the likely causes of its long-term variations. In Section 2, the theory of angular momentum balance and the data used are described. The results are presented in Section 3, and interpreted in Section 4. Concluding remarks are given in Section Data and method The data used for calculating the frictional torque, including the surface frictional stresses and the wind speed at the 10-m level for the period , were from NCEP-NCAR reanalysis I. The surface frictional stresses data have a temporal resolution of fourtimes per day and a spatial resolution of (Gaussian grid). The wind speed data have a spatial resolution of (Kalnay et al., 1996). The total AAM, M atm, is composed of a georotational component, M Ω, determined by the mass distribution of the atmosphere, and a relative AAM, M r, determined by the zonal winds (Oort, 1989; Weickmann and Sardeshmukh, 1994), i.e., M atm = ρuacosϕdv + ρωa 2 cos 2 ϕdv V V = M r + M Ω, (1) where Ω is the earth s angular velocity, ρ is air density, u is zonal wind, a is the earth s radius, and ϕ is latitude. The integration is over the entire volume (V )of the atmosphere. Based on the equation of motion, the angular momentum for unit air mass, m, satisfies (Pu, 1994) dm dt = 1 p ρ λ + acosϕf λ, (2) where λ is longitude, p is atmospheric pressure, and F λ is meridional frictional force. In the pressure coordinate system, Eq. (2) can be written as dm dt = H λ + acosϕf λ, (3) where H is geopotential. An integration of Eq. (3) over the atmosphere gives dm atm = T m + T f, dt (4) where T m is mountain torque and T f is frictional torque. The global frictional torque is approximately T F = a 3 2π 0 2/π 2/π τcos 2 ϕdϕdλ, (5) where τ is the surface stress due to the zonal wind. For a westerly surface wind, τ is negative, the atmosphere speeds up the earth s rotation, and the angular momentum is transferred from the atmosphere to the earth. For an easterly surface wind, τ is positive, the atmosphere slows down the earth s rotation, and the angular momentum is transferred from the earth to the atmosphere. 3. Results 3.1 Seasonal variations of frictional torque We used the months of December, January, and February (DJF); March, April, and May (MAM); June, July, and August (JJA); and September, October, and November (SON) to represent the seasons of winter, spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. The spatial patterns of the seasonal mean frictional torque, averaged over the study period, are shown in Fig. 1. For all four seasons, the spatial patterns of the frictional torque have almost the same characteristics: near the equator, where easterlies prevail, the frictional torque is positive, while in the mid and high latitudes, where westerlies prevail, the frictional torque is negative. In the polar region, the distance from an air particle to the earth s axis is small, and thus the
3 130 JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH VOL.30 Fig. 1. Seasonal mean friction torque (10 16 kg m 2 s 2 ) averaged over for (a) spring, (b) summer, (c) autumn, and (d) winter. frictional torque is small despite the strong nearsurface easterlies in that region. In summer and autumn, the positive frictional torque centers are mainly located in the tropics of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) (Figs. 1b and 1c), while in winter and spring, they are located in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) (Figs. 1a and 1d). Over the Asian and African continents around the Indian Ocean, the frictional torque changes from positive in winter to negative in summer, as a consequence of the Indian monsoon. The meridional profiles of the annual and seasonal mean frictional torques are shown in Fig. 2. The frictional torques vary from strongly positive in winter to negative or nearly zero in summer. This result is in agreement with the earlier study of Madden and Speth (1995), although the range of the variations found in this study is larger. A likely reason for this difference is that the wind stress data used in the latter are the ECMWF 24-h forecasts; it has been found that forecasted wind stress data tend to give more negative frictional torques (Arpe and Esbensen, 1989). 3.2 Frictional torque anomalies Figure 3 shows the spatial and temporal variations of frictional torque anomalies. The anomalies are defined as the zonally aggregated annual frictional torque minus the mean. Strong variations occurred in the mid and low latitudes of the SH. In the midlatitudes (40 60 S), the frictional torque anomaly was positive prior to 1985 but turned to be negative after In the low latitudes (0 20 S),itwaspositive prior to 1975 but became negative thereafter. Observations consistent with this finding have been made in the AAM cycle and East Asian monsoon index (Li and Zeng, 2005; Yang et al., 2014). Overall, the frictional torque decreased with time in the mid and low latitudes of the SH. Fig. 2. Meridional profile of annual and seasonal mean frictional torques (10 18 kg m 2 s 2 ), averaged over
4 NO.1 GONG He, HUANG Mei, ZHU Lin, et al. 131 Fig. 3. Spatial and temporal distribution of frictional torque anomalies (10 18 kg m 2 s 2 ). 4. Discussion 4.1 Relationship between global frictional torque and mean zonal wind A decline of near-surface wind speed in recent years has been observed in China, the Czech Republic, the United States, and Australia (McVicar et al., 2008; Brázdil et al., 2009; Pryor et al., 2009; Yang et al., 2012). It has been reported that wind speed declined by 5% 15% in the midlatitudes of the NH between 1979 and 2008 (Vautard et al., 2010). Figure 4a compares the variations of global frictional torque with global-mean zonal wind at 10 m (U 10m hereafter) over As seen, the stronger the wind, the larger the absolute value of frictional torque. During , U 10m was easterly but its magnitude was decreasing, and correspondingly, the frictional torque was positive but decreasing. After 1972, westerly wind steadily increased, reaching a maximum of 0.14 m s 1 in 1994; correspondingly, the frictional torque became more negative and reached its lowest value in Since 1994, the westerly wind weakened, and the frictional torque gradually increased. The above discussion confirms that frictional torque and global mean zonal wind speed are closely (negatively) correlated, as expected. The negative Fig. 4. (a) Frictional torque and global-mean zonal wind at 10 m (U 10m). (b) Cross-correlation coefficients between the frictional torque at time t and global-mean zonal wind at time (t + k), where k is the time lag in yr.
5 132 JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH VOL.30 cross-correlation between the two quantities is shown in Fig. 4b. The maximum of the correlation coefficient occurs at zero-time lag, reaching With time lag, the correlation coefficients are smaller. 4.2 Zonal wind speed and frictional torque in different latitudes In order to study the spatial pattern of correla- Fig. 5. Five-year running mean of zonal wind (m s 1 ; solid line) and frictional torque (10 18 kg m 2 s 2 ; dashed line) for different latitudinal zones: (a) 0 30 N, (b) N, (c) N, (d) 0 30 S, (e) S, and (f) S.
6 NO.1 GONG He, HUANG Mei, ZHU Lin, et al. 133 tions between the frictional torque and near-surface zonal wind, we divided the earth s surface into six latitudinal zones of 0 30,30 60,and60 90 in both hemispheres. Figure 5 compares the time series of U 10m (annually averaged) with the integrals of the frictional torque in these zones. Obviously, the frictional torque changes simultaneously with the wind. In the NH low latitudes, the averaged easterly wind speed fell between 2.2 and 2.0 m s 1 and fluctuated quasi-periodically with a period of around 10 years (Fig. 5a). It reached minima in 1952, 1974, 1989, and 2004, and maxima in 1966, 1982, and The frictional torque for this zone fell between 18.5 and 21.5 Hadley units (1 Hadley unit=10 18 kg m 2 s 1 ), and fluctuated similarly to the wind speed. In the SH low latitudes, the averaged easterly wind fell between 3 and 2.7 m s 1. It strengthened before the 1960s and weakened from then until the mid 1980s. It again strengthened between the late 1980s and The frictional torque of this zone fell in the range of Hadley units, and again, it showed similar changes to the wind (Fig. 5d). In the NH midlatitudes, the westerly wind was about 1.0 to 1.2 m s 1. It increased from the late 1960s to the late 1970s, and remained steady after in the 1980s (Fig. 5b). The frictional torque of this zone ranged between 19.5 and 16.5 Hadley units. The strongest westerly wind of m s 1 occurred in the SH midlatitudes, which showed an increasing trend of about 0.16 m s 1 (10 yr) 1 (P < ) during Only after 1995 did this increasing rate begin to slow down. The frictional torque in this zone ranged between 32.0 and 42.0 Hadley units and decreased with time; and correspondingly, the frictional torque increased (Fig. 5e). In the northern polar region, the averaged wind was westerly in most years and the wind speed was generally low (between 0.5 and 0.25 m s 1 ). The frictional torque was also low ( 1.2 to 0.2 Hadley units). The westerly wind peaked in the mid 1950s, early 1970s, and early 1990s (Fig. 5c). In the southern polar region, the wind speed was in the range of 0.9 to 0.5 m s 1. It exhibited two peaks and two valleys before the 1980s and the easterly wind increased after the late 1980s (Fig. 5f). The frictional torque was in the range of 0.6 to 1.6 Hadley units. By comparing the frictional torques in the different latitudinal zones, we found their magnitudes in the mid and low latitudes to be much larger than those in the polar regions. The magnitude of the frictional torque in the SH is generally larger than that in the NH. This suggests that wind changes in the SH mid and low latitudes play a dominant role in the variations of frictional torque on the global scale. The continuous enhancement of the westerlies in the midlatitudes of the SH appears to be the main contributor to the increasingly negative frictional torque globally. After 1995, the westerly wind weakened while the easterly wind strengthened in the SH low latitudes, corresponding to a frictional torque in that area. 5. Conclusions In this paper, we used NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data to estimate the spatial and temporal variations of global frictional torque and studied its relationship with wind speed for the period The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) The pattern of frictional torque exhibits significant seasonal variation. In boreal summer and autumn, a positive frictional torque center is located in the SH low latitudes, which moves to the NH low latitudes in winter and spring. The Indian monsoon has a strong effect on this relocation of the frictional torque center. (2) Regarding the long-term frictional torque distribution, large variations occur in the mid (40 60 S) and low (0 20 S) latitudes of the SH. In the midlatitudes, the frictional torque anomaly was positive prior to 1985 but negative thereafter. In the low latitudes, it was positive prior to 1975 and has been substantially negative since that time. (3) The global frictional torque was in the range of 12 to 10 Hadley units during the study period. It was positive but decreasing during , and then turned to be negative in It continued to decrease and reached its most negative value in 1994,
7 134 JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH VOL.30 but has increased since then. (4) Global frictional torque variations are mainly determined by the zonal winds in the mid and low latitudes of the SH. During the study period, the westerly in the midlatitudes increased after the 1980s, while the easterly decreased. The innovation of this paper lies in the fact that we used new and longer data series to compute the frictional torque. Also, it reveals the spatial pattern and temporal (especially long-term) variations of frictional torque. Lastly, comparisons were made with zonal wind speed globally and in different latitudes. This is important for understanding angular momentum exchanges and optimizing climate models. Acknowledgments. We thank Prof. Gongbing Peng, Prof. Suxia Liu, Prof. Ziniu Xiao, Dr. Yafei Wang, and Dr. Klaus M. Weickmann for their helpful comments. REFERENCES Arpe, K., and S. K. Esbensen, 1989: Surface stresses and latent heat fluxes over oceans in short range forecasts: Their annual and interannual variability and comparison with climatological estimates. Ann. Meteor., 26, Brázdil, R., K. Chromá, P. Dobrovolný, et al., 2009: Climate fluctuations in the Czech Republic during the period Int. J. Climatol., 29, De Viron, O., and V. Dehant, 1999: Earth s rotation and high frequency equatorial angular momentum budget of the atmosphere. Surv. Geophys., 20, De Viron, O., S. L. Marcus, and J. O. Dickey, 2001: Atmospheric torques during the winter of 1989: Impact of ENSO and NAO positive phases. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, Driscoll, S., 2010: The earth s atmospheric angular momentum budget and its representation in reanalysis observation datasets and climate models. Master dissertation, University of Reading, England, UK, 74 pp. Egger, J., and K.-P. Hoinka, 2002: Covariance analysis of the global atmospheric axial angular momentum budget. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, Egger, J., and K. Weickmann, 2007: Latitude-height structure of the atmospheric angular momentum cycle associated with the Madden Julian oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, Kalnay, E., M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, et al., 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, Li Jianping and Zeng Qingcun, 2005: A new monsoon index, its interannual variability and relation with monsoon precipitation. Climatic Environ. Res., 10, (in Chinese) Madden, R. A., and P. Speth, 1995: Estimates of atmospheric angular momentum, friction, and mountain torques during J. Atmos. Sci., 52, McVicar, T. R., T. G. Van Niel, L. T. Li, et al., 2008: Wind speed climatology and trends for Australia, : Capturing the stilling phenomenon and comparison with near-surface reanalysis output. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L Oort, A. H., 1989: Angular momentum cycle in the atmosphere-ocean-solid earth system. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 70, Peixoto, J. P., and A. H. Oort, 1992: Physics of Climate. American Institute of Physics, Ponte, R. M., and R. D. Rosen, 1999: Torques responsible for evolution of atmospheric angular momentum during the El Niño. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, Pryor, S. C., R. J. Barthelmie, D. T. Young, et al., 2009: Wind speed trends over the contiguous United States. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D Pu Yukang, 1994: Basic of the Atmospheric Circulation. China Meteorological Press, Beijing, Vautard, R., J. Cattiaux, P. Yiou, et al., 2010: Northern Hemisphere atmospheric stilling partly attributed to an increase in surface roughness. Nature Geosci., 3, Weickmann, K., 2003: Mountains, the global frictional torque, and the circulation over the Pacific North American region. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, Weickmann, K., and P. D. Sardeshmukh, 1994: The atmospheric angular momentum cycle associated with a Madden Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, Weickmann, K., G. N. Kiladis, and P. D. Sardeshmukh, 1997: The dynamics of intraseasonal atmospheric angular momentum oscillations. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, Yang Ping, Shi Wenjing, Xiao Ziniu, et al., 2014: Spatial and temporal variations of atmospheric angular momentum and its relation to the earth length of day. J. Meteor. Res., 28, Yang, X. M., Z. X. Li, Q. Feng, et al., 2012: The decreasing wind speed in southwestern China during , and possible causes. Quatern. Int., 263,
The Formation of Precipitation Anomaly Patterns during the Developing and Decaying Phases of ENSO
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2010, VOL. 3, NO. 1, 25 30 The Formation of Precipitation Anomaly Patterns during the Developing and Decaying Phases of ENSO HU Kai-Ming and HUANG Gang State Key
More informationThe Coupled Model Predictability of the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon with Different Leading Times
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2012, VOL. 5, NO. 3, 219 224 The Coupled Model Predictability of the Western North Pacific Summer Monsoon with Different Leading Times LU Ri-Yu 1, LI Chao-Fan 1,
More informationThe Interdecadal Variation of the Western Pacific Subtropical High as Measured by 500 hpa Eddy Geopotential Height
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2015, VOL. 8, NO. 6, 371 375 The Interdecadal Variation of the Western Pacific Subtropical High as Measured by 500 hpa Eddy Geopotential Height HUANG Yan-Yan and
More informationEvaluation of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Dataset in Describing East Asian Winter Monsoon Variability
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, VOL. 30, NO. 6, 2013, 1645 1652 Evaluation of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Dataset in Describing East Asian Winter Monsoon Variability ZHANG Ziyin 1,2 ( ), GUO Wenli
More informationAtmospheric Angular Momentum Transport and Balance in the AGCM-SAMIL
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, VOL. 27, NO. 5, 2010, 1183 1192 Atmospheric Angular Momentum Transport and Balance in the AGCM-SAMIL LI Jun 1,2,3 ( ) and WU Guoxiong 1 ( ) 1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical
More informationThe Atmospheric Dynamics of Intraseasonal Length-of-Day Fluctuations during the Austral Winter
1SEPTEMBER 1999 FELDSTEIN 3043 The Atmospheric Dynamics of Intraseasonal Length-of-Day Fluctuations during the Austral Winter STEVEN B. FELDSTEIN Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University,
More informationWeakening relationship between East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO after mid-1970s
Article Progress of Projects Supported by NSFC Atmospheric Science doi: 10.1007/s11434-012-5285-x Weakening relationship between East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO after mid-1970s WANG HuiJun 1,2* & HE
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 5 August 2013
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 5 August 2013 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationNOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE. Seasonal Variation of the Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall in Southern Contiguous China
6036 J O U R N A L O F C L I M A T E VOLUME 21 NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE Seasonal Variation of the Diurnal Cycle of Rainfall in Southern Contiguous China JIAN LI LaSW, Chinese Academy of Meteorological
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 23 April 2012
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 23 April 2012 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationInterdecadal and Interannnual Variabilities of the Antarctic Oscillation Simulated by CAM3
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2014, VOL. 7, NO. 6, 515 520 Interdecadal and Interannnual Variabilities of the Antarctic Oscillation Simulated by CAM3 XUE Feng 1, SUN Dan 2,3, and ZHOU Tian-Jun
More informationLarge-scale atmospheric singularities and summer long-cycle droughts-floods abrupt alternation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Chinese Science Bulletin 2006 Vol. 51 No. 16 2027 2034 DOI: 10.1007/s11434-006-2060-x Large-scale atmospheric singularities and summer long-cycle droughts-floods abrupt alternation in the middle and lower
More informationThe increase of snowfall in Northeast China after the mid 1980s
Article Atmospheric Science doi: 10.1007/s11434-012-5508-1 The increase of snowfall in Northeast China after the mid 1980s WANG HuiJun 1,2* & HE ShengPing 1,2,3 1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Center,
More information!"#$%&'()#*+,-./0123 = = = = = ====1970!"#$%& '()* 1980!"#$%&'()*+,-./01"2 !"#$% ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
www.climatechange.cn = = = = = 7 = 6!"#$% 211 11 ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH Vol. 7 No. 6 November 211!"1673-1719 (211) 6-385-8!"#$%&'()#*+,-./123 N O N=!"# $%&=NMMMUNO=!"#$!%&'()*+=NMMNMN = 1979
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 24 September 2012
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 24 September 2012 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño
More information1. Introduction. 3. Climatology of Genesis Potential Index. Figure 1: Genesis potential index climatology annual
C. ENSO AND GENESIS POTENTIAL INDEX IN REANALYSIS AND AGCMS Suzana J. Camargo, Kerry A. Emanuel, and Adam H. Sobel International Research Institute for Climate and Society, Columbia Earth Institute, Palisades,
More informationDecrease of light rain events in summer associated with a warming environment in China during
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 34, L11705, doi:10.1029/2007gl029631, 2007 Decrease of light rain events in summer associated with a warming environment in China during 1961 2005 Weihong Qian, 1 Jiaolan
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 15 July 2013
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 15 July 2013 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 25 February 2013
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 25 February 2013 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 11 November 2013
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 11 November 2013 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index
More informationUncertainties in Seasonal Wind Torques over the Ocean
15 FEBRUARY 2003 PONTE ET AL. 715 Uncertainties in Seasonal Wind Torques over the Ocean RUI M. PONTE, AMALA MAHADEVAN, JAYENDRAN RAJAMONY, AND RICHARD D. ROSEN Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc.,
More informationENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP July 26, 2004
ENSO Cycle: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by Climate Prediction Center / NCEP July 26, 2004 Outline Overview Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic NiZo Index
More informationEast-west SST contrast over the tropical oceans and the post El Niño western North Pacific summer monsoon
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 32, L15706, doi:10.1029/2005gl023010, 2005 East-west SST contrast over the tropical oceans and the post El Niño western North Pacific summer monsoon Toru Terao Faculty
More informationOceanic origin of the interannual and interdecadal variability of the summertime western Pacific subtropical high
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 35, L13701, doi:10.1029/2008gl034584, 2008 Oceanic origin of the interannual and interdecadal variability of the summertime western Pacific
More informationIs the Atmospheric Zonal Index Driven by an Eddy Feedback?
1OCTOBER 1998 FELDSTEIN AND LEE 3077 Is the Atmospheric Zonal Index Driven by an Eddy Feedback? STEVEN FELDSTEIN Earth System Science Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
More informationThe Spring Predictability Barrier Phenomenon of ENSO Predictions Generated with the FGOALS-g Model
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2010, VOL. 3, NO. 2, 87 92 The Spring Predictability Barrier Phenomenon of ENSO Predictions Generated with the FGOALS-g Model WEI Chao 1,2 and DUAN Wan-Suo 1 1
More informationNOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE. On the Seasonality of the Hadley Cell
1522 JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES VOLUME 60 NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE On the Seasonality of the Hadley Cell IOANA M. DIMA AND JOHN M. WALLACE Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington,
More informationExtremely cold and persistent stratospheric Arctic vortex in the winter of
Article Atmospheric Science September 2013 Vol.58 No.25: 3155 3160 doi: 10.1007/s11434-013-5945-5 Extremely cold and persistent stratospheric Arctic vortex in the winter of 2010 2011 HU YongYun 1* & XIA
More informationLong-Term Trend and Decadal Variability of Persistence of Daily 500-mb Geopotential Height Anomalies during Boreal Winter
OCTOBER 2009 D I N G A N D L I 3519 Long-Term Trend and Decadal Variability of Persistence of Daily 500-mb Geopotential Height Anomalies during Boreal Winter RUIQIANG DING AND JIANPING LI State Key Laboratory
More informationIntroduction of products for Climate System Monitoring
Introduction of products for Climate System Monitoring 1 Typical flow of making one month forecast Textbook P.66 Observed data Atmospheric and Oceanic conditions Analysis Numerical model Ensemble forecast
More informationENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 9 November 2015
ENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 9 November 2015 Outline Summary Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index (ONI)
More informationThe ENSO s Effect on Eastern China Rainfall in the Following Early Summer
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, VOL. 26, NO. 2, 2009, 333 342 The ENSO s Effect on Eastern China Rainfall in the Following Early Summer LIN Zhongda ( ) andluriyu( F ) Center for Monsoon System Research,
More informationENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions. Update prepared by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 30 October 2017
ENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions Update prepared by: Climate Prediction Center / NCEP 30 October 2017 Outline Summary Recent Evolution and Current Conditions Oceanic Niño Index (ONI)
More informationA Multidecadal Variation in Summer Season Diurnal Rainfall in the Central United States*
174 JOURNAL OF CLIMATE VOLUME 16 A Multidecadal Variation in Summer Season Diurnal Rainfall in the Central United States* QI HU Climate and Bio-Atmospheric Sciences Group, School of Natural Resource Sciences,
More informationSea surface temperature east of Australia: A predictor of tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific?
Article Atmospheric Science January 2011 Vol.56 No.2: 196 201 doi: 10.1007/s11434-010-4157-5 SPECIAL TOPICS: Sea surface temperature east of Australia: A predictor of tropical cyclone frequency over the
More informationWATER VAPOR FLUXES OVER EQUATORIAL CENTRAL AFRICA
WATER VAPOR FLUXES OVER EQUATORIAL CENTRAL AFRICA INTRODUCTION A good understanding of the causes of climate variability depend, to the large extend, on the precise knowledge of the functioning of the
More informationEffect of anomalous warming in the central Pacific on the Australian monsoon
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 36, L12704, doi:10.1029/2009gl038416, 2009 Effect of anomalous warming in the central Pacific on the Australian monsoon A. S. Taschetto, 1
More informationInterannual Relationship between the Winter Aleutian Low and Rainfall in the Following Summer in South China
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2015, VOL. 8, NO. 5, 271 276 Interannual Relationship between the Winter Aleutian Low and Rainfall in the Following Summer in South China SONG Lin-Ye 1,2 and DUAN
More informationP2.11 DOES THE ANTARCTIC OSCILLATION MODULATE TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY IN THE NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC
P2.11 DOES THE ANTARCTIC OSCILLATION MODULATE TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY IN THE NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC Joo-Hong Kim*, Chang-Hoi Ho School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
More informationSeasonal Climate Outlook for South Asia (June to September) Issued in May 2014
Ministry of Earth Sciences Earth System Science Organization India Meteorological Department WMO Regional Climate Centre (Demonstration Phase) Pune, India Seasonal Climate Outlook for South Asia (June
More informationZonal Momentum Balance in the Tropical Atmospheric Circulation during the Global Monsoon Mature Months
FEBRUARY 2013 Y A N G E T A L. 583 Zonal Momentum Balance in the Tropical Atmospheric Circulation during the Global Monsoon Mature Months WENCHANG YANG, RICHARD SEAGER, AND MARK A. CANE Lamont-Doherty
More informationThe Influence of Intraseasonal Variations on Medium- to Extended-Range Weather Forecasts over South America
486 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW The Influence of Intraseasonal Variations on Medium- to Extended-Range Weather Forecasts over South America CHARLES JONES Institute for Computational Earth System Science (ICESS),
More informationVariations in the Mechanical Energy Cycle of the Atmosphere
Variations in the echanical nergy Cycle of the Atmosphere Liming Li * Andrew P. Ingersoll Xun Jiang Yuk L. Yung Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 1200 ast
More informationKUALA LUMPUR MONSOON ACTIVITY CENT
T KUALA LUMPUR MONSOON ACTIVITY CENT 2 ALAYSIAN METEOROLOGICAL http://www.met.gov.my DEPARTMENT MINISTRY OF SCIENCE. TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATIO Introduction Atmospheric and oceanic conditions over the tropical
More informationOn the Relationship between Western Maritime Continent Monsoon Rainfall and ENSO during Northern Winter
1FEBRUARY 2004 CHANG ET AL. 665 On the Relationship between Western Maritime Continent Monsoon Rainfall and ENSO during Northern Winter C.-P. CHANG Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate School,
More informationCharacteristics of Storm Tracks in JMA s Seasonal Forecast Model
Characteristics of Storm Tracks in JMA s Seasonal Forecast Model Akihiko Shimpo 1 1 Climate Prediction Division, Japan Meteorological Agency, Japan Correspondence: ashimpo@naps.kishou.go.jp INTRODUCTION
More informationSeasonal Prediction of Summer Temperature over Northeast China Using a Year-to-Year Incremental Approach
NO.3 FAN Ke and WANG Huijun 269 Seasonal Prediction of Summer Temperature over Northeast China Using a Year-to-Year Incremental Approach FAN Ke 1,2 ( ) and WANG Huijun 1 ( ) 1 Nansen-Zhu International
More informationIntroduction of climate monitoring and analysis products for one-month forecast
Introduction of climate monitoring and analysis products for one-month forecast TCC Training Seminar on One-month Forecast on 13 November 2018 10:30 11:00 1 Typical flow of making one-month forecast Observed
More informationPredictability and prediction of the North Atlantic Oscillation
Predictability and prediction of the North Atlantic Oscillation Hai Lin Meteorological Research Division, Environment Canada Acknowledgements: Gilbert Brunet, Jacques Derome ECMWF Seminar 2010 September
More informationHigh initial time sensitivity of medium range forecasting observed for a stratospheric sudden warming
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 37,, doi:10.1029/2010gl044119, 2010 High initial time sensitivity of medium range forecasting observed for a stratospheric sudden warming Yuhji Kuroda 1 Received 27 May
More informationMountain Torques Caused by Normal-Mode Global Rossby Waves, and the Impact on Atmospheric Angular Momentum
1045 Mountain Torques Caused by Normal-Mode Global Rossby Waves, and the Impact on Atmospheric Angular Momentum HARALD LEJENÄS Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden ROLAND
More informationClimate Outlook and Review
Climate Outlook and Review September 2018 Author: Prof Roger C Stone Overview The European, UK, and US long-term climate models that focus on forecasting central Pacific sea surface temperatures are continuing
More informationDecadal variability of the IOD-ENSO relationship
Chinese Science Bulletin 2008 SCIENCE IN CHINA PRESS ARTICLES Springer Decadal variability of the IOD-ENSO relationship YUAN Yuan 1,2 & LI ChongYin 1 1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric
More informationInstability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon-ENSO Relationship in a coupled global atmosphere-ocean GCM
Instability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon-ENSO Relationship in a coupled global atmosphere-ocean GCM JIANG Dabang 1 WANG Huijun 1 DRANGE Helge 2 LANG Xianmei 1 1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling
More informationWill a warmer world change Queensland s rainfall?
Will a warmer world change Queensland s rainfall? Nicholas P. Klingaman National Centre for Atmospheric Science-Climate Walker Institute for Climate System Research University of Reading The Walker-QCCCE
More informationInterannual Variability of the South Atlantic High and rainfall in Southeastern South America during summer months
Interannual Variability of the South Atlantic High and rainfall in Southeastern South America during summer months Inés Camilloni 1, 2, Moira Doyle 1 and Vicente Barros 1, 3 1 Dto. Ciencias de la Atmósfera
More informationAnalysis on the decadal scale variation of the dust storm in North China
2260 Science in China Ser. D Earth Sciences 2005 Vol.48 No.12 2260 2266 Analysis on the decadal scale variation of the dust storm in North China KANG Dujuan 1,2 & WANG Huijun 1 1. NZC/LASG, Institute of
More informationResearch progress of snow cover and its influence on China climate
34 5 Vol. 34 No. 5 2011 10 Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences Oct. 2011. 2011. J. 34 5 627-636. Li Dong-liang Wang Chun-xue. 2011. Research progress of snow cover and its influence on China climate J.
More informationDefinition of Antarctic Oscillation Index
1 Definition of Antarctic Oscillation Index Daoyi Gong and Shaowu Wang Department of Geophysics, Peking University, P.R. China Abstract. Following Walker s work about his famous three oscillations published
More informationInterannual Variability of the Wintertime Polar Vortex in the Northern Hemisphere Middle Stratosphere1
February 1982 j. M. Wallace and Fong-Chiau Chang 149 Interannual Variability of the Wintertime Polar Vortex in the Northern Hemisphere Middle Stratosphere1 By John M. Wallace and Fong-Chiau Chang Department
More informationForcing of Tropical SST Anomalies by Wintertime AO-like Variability
15 MAY 2010 W U 2465 Forcing of Tropical SST Anomalies by Wintertime AO-like Variability QIGANG WU School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma (Manuscript received 25 July 2008, in
More informationLarge-Scale Circulation Features Typical of Wintertime Extensive and Persistent Low Temperature Events in China
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2011, VOL. 4, NO. 4, 235 241 Large-Scale Circulation Features Typical of Wintertime Extensive and Persistent Low Temperature Events in China BUEH Cholaw 1, 2, FU
More informationTropical drivers of the Antarctic atmosphere
Tropical drivers of the Antarctic atmosphere Bradford S. Barrett Gina R. Henderson Oceanography Department U. S. Naval Academy Acknowledge support of: NSF awards ARC-1203843 and AGS-1240143 ONR award N1416WX01752
More informationTests on the validity of atmospheric torques on Earth computed from atmospheric model outputs
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 108, NO. B2, 2068, doi:10.1029/2001jb001196, 2003 Tests on the validity of atmospheric torques on Earth computed from atmospheric model outputs O. de Viron and V.
More information1. Introduction. 2. Verification of the 2010 forecasts. Research Brief 2011/ February 2011
Research Brief 2011/01 Verification of Forecasts of Tropical Cyclone Activity over the Western North Pacific and Number of Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall in South China and the Korea and Japan region
More informationEast China Summer Rainfall during ENSO Decaying Years Simulated by a Regional Climate Model
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2011, VOL. 4, NO. 2, 91 97 East China Summer Rainfall during ENSO Decaying Years Simulated by a Regional Climate Model ZENG Xian-Feng 1, 2, LI Bo 1, 2, FENG Lei
More informationMJO Influence in Continental United States Temperatures
MJO Influence in Continental United States Temperatures An honors thesis presented to the Department of Atmospheric Science, University at Albany, State University Of New York in partial fulfillment of
More informationImpacts of Climate Change on Autumn North Atlantic Wave Climate
Impacts of Climate Change on Autumn North Atlantic Wave Climate Will Perrie, Lanli Guo, Zhenxia Long, Bash Toulany Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS Abstract
More informationRespective impacts of the East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO on winter rainfall in China
Click Here for Full Article JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 115,, doi:10.1029/2009jd012502, 2010 Respective impacts of the East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO on winter rainfall in China Lian-Tong
More informationENSO Outlook by JMA. Hiroyuki Sugimoto. El Niño Monitoring and Prediction Group Climate Prediction Division Japan Meteorological Agency
ENSO Outlook by JMA Hiroyuki Sugimoto El Niño Monitoring and Prediction Group Climate Prediction Division Outline 1. ENSO impacts on the climate 2. Current Conditions 3. Prediction by JMA/MRI-CGCM 4. Summary
More informationINFLUENCE OF LARGE-SCALE ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE FLUXES ON THE INTERANNUAL TO MULTIDECADAL RAINFALL VARIABILITY OF THE WEST AFRICAN MONSOON
3C.4 INFLUENCE OF LARGE-SCALE ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE FLUXES ON THE INTERANNUAL TO MULTIDECADAL RAINFALL VARIABILITY OF THE WEST AFRICAN MONSOON Andreas H. Fink*, and Sonja Eikenberg University of Cologne,
More informationClimate Forecast Applications Network (CFAN)
Forecast of 2018 Atlantic Hurricane Activity April 5, 2018 Summary CFAN s inaugural April seasonal forecast for Atlantic tropical cyclone activity is based on systematic interactions among ENSO, stratospheric
More information2013 ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON OUTLOOK. June RMS Cat Response
2013 ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON OUTLOOK June 2013 - RMS Cat Response Season Outlook At the start of the 2013 Atlantic hurricane season, which officially runs from June 1 to November 30, seasonal forecasts
More informationP2.18 Recent trend of Hadley and Walker circulation shown in water vapor transport potential
P.8 Recent trend of Hadley and Walker circulation shown in water vapor transport potential Seong-Chan Park and *Byung-Ju Sohn School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University, Seoul,
More informationPossible Roles of Atlantic Circulations on the Weakening Indian Monsoon Rainfall ENSO Relationship
2376 JOURNAL OF CLIMATE Possible Roles of Atlantic Circulations on the Weakening Indian Monsoon Rainfall ENSO Relationship C.-P. CHANG, PATRICK HARR, AND JIANHUA JU Department of Meteorology, Naval Postgraduate
More informationSouthern Hemisphere mean zonal wind in upper troposphere and East Asian summer monsoon circulation
Chinese Science Bulletin 2006 Vol. 51 No. 12 1508 1514 DOI: 10.1007/s11434-006-2009-0 Southern Hemisphere mean zonal wind in upper troposphere and East Asian summer monsoon circulation WANG Huijun 1 &
More informationTropical Meteorology. Roger K. Smith INDO IR
Tropical Meteorology Roger K. Smith INDO IR 01010510 1 GMS IR 01022621 GOES IR 00112909 2 Introduction to the tropics The zonal mean circulation (Hadley circulation) The data network in the tropics (field
More informationAn observational study of the impact of the North Pacific SST on the atmosphere
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 33, L18611, doi:10.1029/2006gl026082, 2006 An observational study of the impact of the North Pacific SST on the atmosphere Qinyu Liu, 1 Na
More informationAnticorrelated intensity change of the quasi-biweekly and day oscillations over the South China Sea
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 35, L16702, doi:10.1029/2008gl034449, 2008 Anticorrelated intensity change of the quasi-biweekly and 30 50-day oscillations over the South
More informationImpacts of Two Types of El Niño on Atmospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES, VOL. 30, NO. 6, 2013, 1732 1742 Impacts of Two Types of El Niño on Atmospheric Circulation in the Southern Hemisphere SUN Dan 1,2 ( ), XUE Feng 1 ( ), and ZHOU Tianjun
More informationObservational Zonal Mean Flow Anomalies: Vacillation or Poleward
ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCE LETTERS, 2013, VOL. 6, NO. 1, 1 7 Observational Zonal Mean Flow Anomalies: Vacillation or Poleward Propagation? SONG Jie The State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for
More informationNorth Pacific Climate Overview N. Bond (UW/JISAO), J. Overland (NOAA/PMEL) Contact: Last updated: August 2009
North Pacific Climate Overview N. Bond (UW/JISAO), J. Overland (NOAA/PMEL) Contact: Nicholas.Bond@noaa.gov Last updated: August 2009 Summary. The North Pacific atmosphere-ocean system from fall 2008 through
More informationTropical Zonal Momentum Balance in the NCEP Reanalyses
JULY 2005 D I M A E T A L. 2499 Tropical Zonal Momentum Balance in the NCEP Reanalyses IOANA M. DIMA, JOHN M. WALLACE, AND IAN KRAUCUNAS Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle,
More informationThe feature of atmospheric circulation in the extremely warm winter 2006/2007
The feature of atmospheric circulation in the extremely warm winter 2006/2007 Hiroshi Hasegawa 1, Yayoi Harada 1, Hiroshi Nakamigawa 1, Atsushi Goto 1 1 Climate Prediction Division, Japan Meteorological
More informationIntroduction to Climate ~ Part I ~
2015/11/16 TCC Seminar JMA Introduction to Climate ~ Part I ~ Shuhei MAEDA (MRI/JMA) Climate Research Department Meteorological Research Institute (MRI/JMA) 1 Outline of the lecture 1. Climate System (
More informationSCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences. Design and testing of a global climate prediction system based on a coupled climate model
SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences RESEARCH PAPER October 2014 Vol.57 No.10: 2417 2427 doi: 10.1007/s11430-014-4875-7 Design and testing of a global climate prediction system based on a coupled climate model
More informationInfluence of South China Sea SST and the ENSO on Winter Rainfall over South China CHAN 2,3
Influence of South China Sea SST and the ENSO on Winter Rainfall over South China ZHOU Lian-Tong ( 周连童 ) *1,2, Chi-Yung TAM 2,3, Wen ZHOU( 周文 ) 2,3, and Johnny C. L. CHAN 2,3 1 Center for Monsoon System
More informationGeneral Circulation. Nili Harnik DEES, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
General Circulation Nili Harnik DEES, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory nili@ldeo.columbia.edu Latitudinal Radiation Imbalance The annual mean, averaged around latitude circles, of the balance between the
More informationA study of the impacts of late spring Tibetan Plateau snow cover on Chinese early autumn precipitation
N U I S T Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology A study of the impacts of late spring Tibetan Plateau snow cover on Chinese early autumn precipitation JIANG Zhihong,HUO Fei,LIU Zhengyu
More informationThe spatio-temporal characteristics of total rainfall during September in South Korea according to the variation of ENSO
Clim Dyn DOI 1.17/s382-13-233- The spatio-temporal characteristics of total rainfall during September in South Korea according to the variation of ENSO Ki-Seon Choi Sung-Dae Kang Hae-Dong Kim Bin Wang
More informationSouth Asian Climate Outlook Forum (SASCOF-12)
Twelfth Session of South Asian Climate Outlook Forum (SASCOF-12) Pune, India, 19-20 April 2018 Consensus Statement Summary Normal rainfall is most likely during the 2018 southwest monsoon season (June
More informationAn Introduction to Coupled Models of the Atmosphere Ocean System
An Introduction to Coupled Models of the Atmosphere Ocean System Jonathon S. Wright jswright@tsinghua.edu.cn Atmosphere Ocean Coupling 1. Important to climate on a wide range of time scales Diurnal to
More informationIntroduction of Seasonal Forecast Guidance. TCC Training Seminar on Seasonal Prediction Products November 2013
Introduction of Seasonal Forecast Guidance TCC Training Seminar on Seasonal Prediction Products 11-15 November 2013 1 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Regression method Single/Multi regression model Selection
More informationLecture 5: Atmospheric General Circulation and Climate
Lecture 5: Atmospheric General Circulation and Climate Geostrophic balance Zonal-mean circulation Transients and eddies Meridional energy transport Moist static energy Angular momentum balance Atmosphere
More informationSouth Asian Climate Outlook Forum (SASCOF-6)
Sixth Session of South Asian Climate Outlook Forum (SASCOF-6) Dhaka, Bangladesh, 19-22 April 2015 Consensus Statement Summary Below normal rainfall is most likely during the 2015 southwest monsoon season
More informationImpact of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the Asian summer monsoon
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 33, L24701, doi:10.1029/2006gl027655, 2006 Impact of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the Asian summer monsoon Riyu Lu, 1,2 Buwen Dong, 3 and Hui Ding 2,4 Received
More informationThai Meteorological Department, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society
Thai Meteorological Department, Ministry of Digital Economy and Society Three-month Climate Outlook For November 2017 January 2018 Issued on 31 October 2017 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationPossible influence of the Antarctic Oscillation on tropical cyclone activity in the western North Pacific
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 110,, doi:10.1029/2005jd005766, 2005 Possible influence of the Antarctic Oscillation on tropical cyclone activity in the western North Pacific Chang-Hoi Ho, Joo-Hong
More informationCHAPTER 2 DATA AND METHODS. Errors using inadequate data are much less than those using no data at all. Charles Babbage, circa 1850
CHAPTER 2 DATA AND METHODS Errors using inadequate data are much less than those using no data at all. Charles Babbage, circa 185 2.1 Datasets 2.1.1 OLR The primary data used in this study are the outgoing
More informationBaroclinic anomalies associated with the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode: Roles of synoptic and low-frequency eddies
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 4, 361 366, doi:1.1/grl.5396, 13 Baroclinic anomalies associated with the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode: Roles of synoptic and low-frequency eddies Yu Nie, 1 Yang
More information