Betelgeuse. The Life of Stars. Stars can be grouped into 4 major categories based on size: supergiants giants main sequence stars dwarfs.

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1 The Life of A Star

2 The Life of Stars Stars can be grouped into 4 major categories based on size: supergiants giants main sequence stars dwarfs dwarf star Rigel Sun Betelgeuse

3 The Life of Stars Stars can be grouped into 4 major categories based on size: supergiants giants main sequence stars dwarfs However, the size of a star is not constant throughout its life. All stars begin their lives as clouds of gas called nebulae. The size of the nebula from which a star is formed will determine the rest of that stars life. Let s look at the Sun for example.

4 The Life of Stars Stars can be grouped into 4 major categories based on size: supergiants giants main sequence stars dwarfs However, the size of a star is not constant throughout its life. All stars begin their lives as as clouds of of gas gas called called nebulae. The The m mass of the nebula from which a star is formed will determine the rest of that stars star s life. Trifid Nebula star formation

5 The Life of Stars Type of Star Small or Medium Mass (Sun) Large Mass (10X Sun s Mass) Very Large Mass (100X Sun s Mass) Birth (nebula) Early Life Gradually becomes hot and dense (gravity) Rapidly becomes hot and dense (gravity) Very rapidly becomes hot and dense (gravity) Most of Life Uses nuclear fusion to produce energy ( billion year) Fusion energy produced is 5000 times more than sun (a few million year) Fusion energy produced is even greater than large mass stars (1 million years) Old Age Uses up hydrogen, swells to become a red giant Uses up hydrogen, swells to become a red supergiant Uses up hydrogen, swells to become a red supergiant Death The core shrinks to become a small dense white dwarf Core collapses due to gravity resulting in a supernova Core collapses due to gravity resulting in a supernova Remains White dwarf stars eventually cool and fade Core material is packed tightly together to form a neutron star Core material is packed so tightly that it forms a black hole The Life of Different Types of Stars

6 Types of Galaxies

7 Types of Galaxies In 1755, Immanuel Kant first suggested the idea that some of the brightest points of light in the night sky may not be single stars, but distant galaxies of uncounted numbers of stars. In 1845, Lord Rosse even drew sketches of what he observed through his telescope. But it was not until the work of Edwin Hubble, in the 1920 s, that the existence of galaxies was generally accepted. Here s some history. No need to write it down. Edwin Hubble Lord Rosse Immanuel Kant

8 Types of Galaxies Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, appears to us on Earth as a hazy white band of light in the night sky. In fact, it consists of about 400 billion stars. Our solar system is only a very small part of the Milky Way galaxy. There may be over 100 billion galaxies in the universe. This you do have to write down.

9 Types of Galaxies Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, appears to us on Earth as a hazy white band of light in the night sky. In fact, it consists of about 400 billion stars. Our solar system is only a very small part of 200 the Milky Way galaxy. There may be over 100 billion galaxies in the universe. An image of the night sky from the Hubble Space Telescope. How many of these specks of light are galaxies and how many are stars? Only t wo are stars. The rest are individual galaxies.

10 Types of Galaxies Galaxies can be classified into 4 groups: Elliptical - most common galaxy - spherical or football shape - contain mostly old stars and very little gas & dust Spiral - the Milky Way is one Lenticular - between elliptical and spiral galaxy - pinwheel shape - mostly gas & dust, with mainly bright, young, blue stars Irregular - least common galaxy - a variety of shapes - no new star forming - contains some gas and dust - a mixture of old and new stars embedded in gas & dust

Classifying Stars. Scientists classify stars by: 1. Temperature 2. Brightness

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