Homework - Lecture 11.
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1 Homework - Lecture 11. Name: Topic: Heat Capacity and Specific Heat Type: Numerical 1. Two liquids, A and B, are mixed together, and the resulting temperature is 22 C. If liquid A has mass m and was initially at temperature 35 C, and liquid B has mass 3m and was initially at temperature 11 C, calculate the ratio of the specific heats of A divided by B. A) 0.85 B) 2.5 C) 1.2 D) 0.45 E) 0.94 Topic: Heat Capacity and Specific Heat Type: Numerical 2. Two liquids, A and B, are mixed together. Liquid A has mass m and was initially at temperature 40 C, and liquid B has mass 2m and was initially at temperature 5 C. The specific heat of liquid A is 1.5 times that of liquid B. Calculate the final temperature of the mixture. A) 33.5 C B) 14.3 C C) 17.0 C D) 20.0 C E) 25.7 C Topic: Heat Capacity and Specific Heat Type: Numerical 3. The quantity of heat absorbed by a body is determined from the formula Q = cm(t f T i ). A certain metal has a specific heat c = 0.21 cal/g Cº and a mass m = 25.6 g. The initial temperature is T i = 34.6ºC, and the final temperature T f = 54.6ºC. The quantity of heat absorbed is A) +23 cal B) cal C) +14 cal D) +110 cal E) +207 cal Topic: Heat Capacity and Specific Heat Type: Conceptual 4. Aluminum has a specific heat more than twice that of copper. Identical masses of aluminum and copper, both at 0ºC, are dropped together into a can of hot water. When the system has come to equilibrium, A) the aluminum is at a higher temperature than the copper. B) the copper is at a higher temperature than the aluminum. C) the aluminum and copper are at the same temperature. D) the difference in temperature between the aluminum and the copper depends on the amount of water in the can. E) the difference in temperature between the aluminum and the copper depends on the initial temperature of the water in the can.
2 Topic: Heat Capacity and Specific Heat Type: Conceptual 5. Which of the following statements about heat and work is the proper usage of the terms? A) a system has 50 J of heat B) 50 J of heat is transferred from the environment to the system C) a system has 50 J of work D) a system does 50 J of work on the environment E) (B) and (D) Topic: Heat Capacity and Specific Heat Type: Factual 6. The specific heat of a gas is A) the same for all gases. B) directly proportional to the absolute temperature. C) independent of constraints imposed on it while heating. D) a negligible quantity. E) greater at constant pressure than at constant volume. 7. A 2.0-kg mass of iron (specific heat = 0.12 kcal/kg C) at a temperature of 430 C is dropped into 0.4 kg of ice and 0.4 kg of water both at 0 C. With no heat losses to the surroundings, the equilibrium temperature of the mixture is approximately A) 0 C B) 100 C C) 23 C D) 69 C E) 87 C 8. A 4-kg mass of metal of unknown specific heat at a temperature of 600 C is dropped into 0.5 kg of ice and 0.5 kg of water both at 0 C. With no heat losses to the surroundings, the equilibrium temperature of the mixture is 85 C. Calculate the specific heat of the metal. A) 0.04 kcal/kg C D) 1.6 kcal/kg C B) 0.06 kcal/kg C E) 1.2 kcal/kg C C) 0.08 kcal/kg C
3 9. A 3-kg mass of metal of specific heat = 0.1 kcal/kg C at a temperature of 600 C is dropped into 1.0 kg water at 20 C. With no heat losses to the surroundings, determine the equilibrium temperature of the mixture, and if it is 100 C, calculate what mass of water is turned into steam at this temperature. A) 100 C and 110 g of steam B) 100 C and 150 g of steam C) 100 C and 130 g of steam D) 100 C and 70 g of steam E) The equilibrium temperature is not 100 C. Topic: Change of Phase and Latent Heat Type: Factual 10. When a substance changes phase, from solid to liquid or liquid to vapor and vice versa, there is no change in temperature, even though heat is being added or removed. Why is there no change in temperature? A) During a phase change, energy is used to break/establish the intermolecular bonds rather than stored as kinetic energy of the molecules. B) During a phase change, temperature is not well defined since there are two phases involved. C) During a phase change, energy is needed to overcome the gravitational pull. D) During a phase change, the temperature measured is the last temperature of the measuring device. E) none of the above
4 Topic: Change of Phase and Latent Heat Type: Conceptual 11. Heat is added to a substance at a constant rate. The substance starts as a solid and is melted; the liquid is heated and vaporized; finally, the vapor is heated. This process is shown in the graph. The latent heat of vaporization can be found by A) multiplying the length of B (in seconds) by the rate at which heat is added, and dividing by the mass of the substance. B) multiplying the length of D (in seconds) by the rate at which heat is added, and dividing by the mass of the substance. C) multiplying the slope of A by the rate at which heat is added, and dividing by the mass of the substance. D) multiplying the slope of C by the rate at which heat is added, and dividing by the mass of the substance. E) multiplying the slope of E by the rate at which heat is added, and dividing by the mass of the substance. Topic: Change of Phase and Latent Heat Type: Factual 12. When a substance goes directly from a solid state to a gaseous form, the process is known as A) vaporization. D) sublimation. B) evaporization. E) deposition. C) condensation. 13. A small water reactor recently installed at Podunk College is operating at the boiling point of water due to the malfunctioning of the cooling system. The operators observe that the water boils away at the rate of 10 L/min. If they assume that all of the reactor energy is absorbed in the water, the power developed by the reactor is approximately A) 1 hp B) 378 W C) 56 kw D) 378 kw E) 22.7 MW 2
5 Topic: Change of Phase and Latent Heat 14. Type: Conceptual The temperature of a solid during conversion to a liquid and then to a vapor by the addition of heat is best represented by curve A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 Use the following to answer questions 15-17: 15. The graph shows the temperature of a 1.0-g sample of material as heat is added to it. chemical change. The melting point temperature is A) 10ºC B) 100ºC C) 60ºC D) 73ºC E) None of these is correct. 16. The graph shows the temperature of a 1.0-g sample of material as heat is added to it. chemical change. The heat of fusion of the material is A) 10 cal/g D) 90 cal/g B) 50 cal/g E) None of these is correct. C) 30 cal/g
6 17. The graph shows the temperature of a 1.0-g sample of material as heat is added to it. chemical change. The specific heat of the solid phase is A) 0.6 cal/g Cº D) 1.7 cal/g Cº B) 0.25 cal/g Cº E) None of these is correct. C) 1.6 cal/g Cº 18. The graph shows the temperature of a 1.0-g sample of material as heat is added to it. chemical change. The specific heat of the liquid phase is A) 0.84 cal/g Cº D) 1.7 cal/g Cº B) 0.25 cal/g Cº E) None of these is correct. C) 1.6 cal/g Cº Topic: Joule's Experiment and the First Law... Type: Numerical 19. A 6.0-g lead bullet traveling at 300 m/s penetrates a wooden block and stops. If 50 percent of the initial kinetic energy of the bullet is converted into thermal energy in the bullet, by how much does the bullet's temperature increase? (The specific heat of lead is 128 J/kg K.) A) 0.17º C B) ºC C) 17 ºC D) ºC E) 35 ºC
7 Topic: Joule's Experiment and the First Law Type: Factual The figure shows a schematic of Joule s classic experiment, in which weights are dropped a certain distance. As the weights drop, they turn a paddle immersed in water. The experiment proves that A) mechanical energy can be transformed into heat. B) 1 cal of heat equals J. C) work and heat cannot be separated. D) in order to change the temperature of the water you have to do work on it. E) (A) and (B)
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