Cart A Cart B Cart C Cart D Mass (kg) 4.0kg 1.0kg 3.5kg 12kg Velocity (m/s)

Transcription

1 Position (m) Physics 03_14 Momentum Remediation 1. A 65 kg person runs to catch the bus at 1.31 m/s. What is their momentum? Name 4. A 10.2 kg ball has a momentum of 4340 kg m/s. What is the object s velocity? 2. A 0.13 kg object flies 2410 m in 3.50 s. What is the object s momentum? 5. A dog named is running with a velocity of 5.2 m/s with a momentum of 150 kg m/s. What is the dog s mass? 3. Using physics terms, explain object has more momentum: a 3 kg baseball pitched at 35 m/s, or 450 kg car rolling at 0.20 m/s? 6. What is Terry Physics momentum as she chases students out of the classroom? Terry runs at 3.5 m/s and weighs 450 N. Use the following information to answer question 7. Renatta Gas did it again. She failed to record her team s momenta during the last four weeks of motion trials. The chart below represents the motion data for her team s vehicles before being stranded on a highway in route to the VHS mini cart derby. Cart A Cart B Cart C Cart D Mass (kg) 4.0kg 1.0kg 3.5kg 12kg Velocity (m/s) Rank the carts in order from greatest to least momentum. Use the following information for questions 8 and 9. A 2 kg toy car was recorded moving over 60 seconds, and the data was graphed on a position time graph. 8. What is the average velocity of the car from 0 10 sec? Toy Car s Velocity Time (s) 9. What is the momentum of the car from seconds?

2 10. Is the momentum of a car traveling south different from that of the same car moving north at the same speed? Explain. 11. Explain which has more momentum, a small boat tied at the dock or an ant dragging food back to the nest. 15. Using physics terms explain why is it that when you jump off a table, as your feet hit the floor you let your legs bend at the knees. 12. Under what conditions can an ant have the same momentum as a boat? 16. You are sitting at a baseball game when a foul ball comes in your direction. You prepare to catch it barehanded. Describe how to catch the ball as safely as possible using physics terms. 13. A pitcher throws a fastball to the catcher. Assuming the speed of the ball does not change in flight, a) Which player exerts the smaller force on the ball? Explain using physics terms. 17. An archer shoots arrows at a target. Some arrows stick in the target while others bounce off. Assuming the mass and velocity are the same, which arrow experiences a smaller impulse? Explain using physics terms. b) Which player exerts the smaller impulse on the ball? Explain using physics terms. 18. A football player kicks a ball with a force of 50N. Find the impulse on the ball if his foot stays in contact with the football for 0.01s. 14. Explain how it is possible for an object to obtain a larger impulse from a smaller force than it does from a larger force. 19. A hockey player applies an average force of 80N to a 0.25kg hockey puck for a time of 0.2s.

3 Determine the impulse experienced by the hockey puck. 20. Aunt Mary needs to hang a picture in her bedroom. She uses a hammer to drive the nail into the wall. Find the force exerted by the hammer on the nail if the hammer stays in contact with the nail for 0.5s and has an impulse of 25Ns. by the fuel on the shuttle if in 2s the shuttle experiences a change in momentum of 325,000kgm/s. 23. A van of mass 1200kg was moving at a velocity of 8m/s when it was involved in a head on collision with a lorry moving in the opposite direction. Assume that the van came to stop after the collision. a) Calculate the momentum of the van before the collision b) Calculate the momentum of the van after the collision 21. A 0.5kg baseball experiences a 10N force for a duration of 0.1s. What is the change in momentum of the baseball? What is the change in velocity of the baseball? c) Find the change in momentum of the van d) If the van took 0.3s to stop, calculate the force that acted on each driver. 22. A space shuttle burns fuel at the rate of 13,000kg in each second. Find the force exerted

4 Experiment #1 Gymkhana Safety Technology is evaluating two new airbag models for use in high-performance automobiles. To evaluate the airbags, a 10kg titanium sphere is launched from an air canon at 40 m/s towards the center of a deployed airbag. A high speed camera is then used to determine the velocity of the sphere and the time it takes to come to a complete stop. Velocity (m/s) Airbag A Time (s) Airbag B Time (s) (Impact) 0.0 (Impact) (Rest) (Rest) 24. Based on data from the table, a rider in a headon collision would likely want to have which airbag in their vehicle in order to best avoid head trauma? a. Airbag A because they would experience a smaller force during the collision relative to B. b. Airbag B because they would experience a shorter time of collision relative to A. c. Airbag A because they would experience a shorter time of collision relative to B. d. Airbag B because they would experience a smaller force during the collision relative to A. e. None of the above explanations are correct. 25. What is the impulse experienced by the sphere hitting Airbag A from impact to rest? 26. What is the average Force experienced by the sphere hitting Airbag A from impact to rest? 27. When struck by an object, in this case a titanium sphere, airbags compress some distance. How does compressed distance effect the force on the sphere if all other factors stay the same? a. Smaller distance compressed results in more force b. Larger distance compressed results in less force c. Larger distance compressed results in more force d. Smaller distance compressed results in less force

5 Experiment #2 Students arrange the cars so that the magnets repel each other before contact is made. One again, they place car 2 at rest on the track and push car 1 towards car 2. At the collision, the cars move along the track at separate velocities. Several trials are conducted using varying masses for each car. The data is shown in the table below. Trial Mass of Car 1 (kg) Mass of car 2 (kg) Pre-Collision Velocity of car 2 (m/s) Experiment #3 Students place car 2 at rest on a track. They push car 1 towards car 2. The two cars are equipped with magnets so that they stick together when they collide. The students conduct several trials with varying masses for each of the cars. The data is shown in the table below. Trial Mass of Car 1 (kg) Mass of car 2 (kg) Pre-Collision Velocity Which experiment represents an elastic collision? Explain your reasoning using physics terms. 31. In trial 2, how much momentum is transferred from car 1 to car 2? 29. In trial 3, what is the post-collision velocity of car 2? 30. In another trail, car 1 (8kg) travels towards car 2 (8kg) at 10m/s. If car 2 is at rest and the magnets in the cars repel each other, which of the following trials could be used to predict the velocity of car 1 after the collision? 32. If the mass of car 2 is decreased in experiment 2, then a. The post-collision velocity of car 1 decreases b. The post-collision velocity of car 1 increases. c. The mass of car 1 is less. d. The pre-collision velocity of car 1 increases.