Zigzag Paths and Binary Strings Counting, Pascal s Triangle, and Combinations Part I
|
|
- Ginger Neal
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Zigzag Paths and Binary Strings Counting, Pascal s Triangle, and Combinations Part I LAUNCH In this task, you will learn about a special triangular array of numbers called Pascal s triangle. You will explore the triangle using zigzag paths and binary strings. In the companion Part II task, you will learn more about counting, subsets, and combinations in Pascal s triangle. Suppose a frog hops downward from START through the triangular array of lily pads below. The frog can jump only to lily pads that are on the row just below it to the right or to the left, so the frog hops downward right or left in a zigzag fashion. You can code its path as a binary string of 0s and 1s. Use a 0 to denote a hop downward and to the left from your perspective and a 1 to denote a hop downward and to the right. For example, a frog can use any of four zigzag paths to hop from START to location F. These paths are recorded in the figure at location F as four binary strings: 0111, 1011, 1101, and You will analyze this figure by working through the problems below. Record your work on separate sheets of paper as needed. START 0 1 <--- row one A 11 B 001 C D E F G 1. The figure shows all the binary strings for rows 1 and 2. That is, for each location in rows 1 and 2, the binary strings representing all paths from START to the location have been recorded at that location. (Row 1 is the first row after START, row 2 is the second row after START, and so on.) Consider row 3. a. Trace the path represented by 010. b. Use a different color to trace a path from START to location C. Represent the path as a binary string. c. Record all the binary strings for each location in row 3. d. Why do all of the binary strings in row 3 have exactly three digits? e. List all the strings in row 3. List them in systematic order, and describe the order that you use. NCTM Adapted from Navigating through Discrete Mathematics in Grades 6-12 Page 1 of 5
2 EXPLORE 2. Explain why there is just one string in each outside location of the triangle. 3. In row 4, consider locations D and F. a. Do you think that the number of strings at location D will be the same as the number of strings at location F? Explain your thinking. b. List the binary strings for all zigzag paths from START to location D. c. Compare the strings for location D with those for location F. What do they have in common? How do they differ? Explain. 4. Consider all the locations in row 4. a. How many strings would you need to code all zigzag paths to E? Write down all the strings. b. Find all the binary strings for each location in row 4 (you have already found many of the locations, so just complete row 4). Describe some patterns you see in the strings in row Consider the locations E, F, and G. a. Strings for location G represent zigzag paths from START to G. Find several strings for location G. b. Study the zigzag paths to G in the triangle. To zig and zag from START to G, a path must travel through E or F. Use the strings in locations E and F to determine all the strings for G. Explain your method. NCTM Adapted from Navigating through Discrete Mathematics in Grades 6-12 Page 2 of 5
3 So far you have been finding and describing the binary strings for each location in the triangle. Next, consider the number of strings at each location. That is, as you work on the following problems, look for answers to this question: How many zigzag paths are there from START to each location? The how many paths question can be answered with the help of the array below. It is known as Pascal s triangle. The numbers in the array are calculated using the following rules: i. Row one consists of two 1s. ii. Each row begins and ends with a 1. iii. To compute any other number in any row, add the two numbers that are just above to the left and just above to the right. (This is the addition rule for Pascal s triangle.) S 1 1 row one Complete row 10 of Pascal s triangle. 7. Compare Pascal s triangle to the triangle of lily pad locations, as follows. a. In Problem 4, you found all the binary strings for each location in row 4 of the lily pad triangle. Compare the binary strings with the numbers in row 4 of Pascal s triangle. Describe the relationship between row 4 of the lily-pad triangle and row 4 of Pascal s triangle. b. In Problem 5, you considered how you can determine the strings for location G from the strings for E and F. Underline the entries in Pascal s triangle that correspond to locations E, F, and G. Describe how the three numbers you have underlined relate to the numbers of strings in locations E, F, and G. The addition rule for Pascal s triangle (see rule iii above), describes how the three numbers in locations E, F, and G are related. Explain why this addition relationship makes sense in terms of paths to E, F, and G in the lily pad triangle. NCTM Adapted from Navigating through Discrete Mathematics in Grades 6-12 Page 3 of 5
4 c. Explain the addition rule for Pascal s triangle in terms of zigzag paths. (For the addition rule, see rule iii for creating Pascal s triangle, above.) d. State the connection between the number of binary strings in each location of the lily pad triangle and the corresponding numbers in Pascal s triangle. 8. Consider zigzag paths from the apex (S) of the triangle to the underlined 35. a. A binary string that describes one such path is Sketch this path. b. Write the binary strings for two other paths from S to the underlined 35. c. What is the length of each binary string that represents a path from S to the underlined 35? What does the length of the string represent? d. How many 1s are in each string corresponding to the underlined 35? How many 0s are in each string corresponding to the underlined 35? Explain the number of 1s and 0s in terms of zigzag paths. e. Consider all zigzag paths of length 7. If you assume that all paths are equally likely, what is the probability that such a path stops at the underlined 35? 9. Consider zigzag paths to locations in row 9. a. What is common to every path from S to the underlined 84 in the triangle? b. What is the length of any path from S to any location in row 9? c. How many nine-step paths from S contain four downward steps to the right? Explain how you determined your answer. d. How many strings of length 9 contain three digits that are 1s? Explain your answer in terms of zigzag paths. List two such strings and mark the paths they represent in the triangle. 10. Pascal s triangle has left-right symmetry. Explain the reasons for this left-right symmetry in terms of zigzag paths. NCTM Adapted from Navigating through Discrete Mathematics in Grades 6-12 Page 4 of 5
5 SUMMARIZE Pascal's triangle is named for Blaise Pascal ( ), who studied and wrote about the patterns it contains. Pascal was an influential French mathematician and philosopher who contributed to many areas of mathematics. However, the triangle was partially described in China beginning 500 years earlier, in the 11th century, by a Chinese mathematician named Jia Xian and later by Yang Hui (13 th century) and Chu Shih-Chieh (14 th century), and was also known to Islamic mathematicians al-karaji (11 th century) and al-kashi (15 th century) and the famous Persian poet Omar Khayyam, who was also a mathematician and astronomer. In China, Pascal's triangle is called Jia s triangle and sometimes Yang Hui s triangle, since Yang s work, although building on Jia's initial discoveries, was evidently more widely known. In this task you explored zigzag paths, binary strings, and Pascal s triangle. Review and summarize what you learned by answering the following questions. a. Describe how a zigzag path is coded as a binary string. Give an example. b. What does the length of a binary string tell you about its location in the triangular array? c. What does the number of 1s in a binary string tell you about the zigzag path that it encodes? d. Describe the relationship between the numbers in Pascal s triangle and zigzag paths. e. Explain the addition rule for Pascal s triangle in terms of zigzag paths. So far, you have represented and explored Pascal s triangle using zigzag paths and binary strings. In the companion Part II task, you will investigate the triangle using subsets and combinations. In the process, you will learn more about Pascal s triangle and many important ideas of systematic counting associated with the triangle. NCTM Adapted from Navigating through Discrete Mathematics in Grades 6-12 Page 5 of 5
Pascal s Triangle Introduction!
Math 0 Section 2A! Page! 209 Eitel Section 2A Lecture Pascal s Triangle Introduction! A Rich Source of Number Patterns Many interesting number patterns can be found in Pascal's Triangle. This pattern was
More informationELEC 405/ELEC 511 Error Control Coding and Sequences. Hamming Codes and the Hamming Bound
ELEC 45/ELEC 5 Error Control Coding and Sequences Hamming Codes and the Hamming Bound Single Error Correcting Codes ELEC 45 2 Hamming Codes One form of the (7,4,3) Hamming code is generated by This is
More informationELEC 405/ELEC 511 Error Control Coding. Hamming Codes and Bounds on Codes
ELEC 405/ELEC 511 Error Control Coding Hamming Codes and Bounds on Codes Single Error Correcting Codes (3,1,3) code (5,2,3) code (6,3,3) code G = rate R=1/3 n-k=2 [ 1 1 1] rate R=2/5 n-k=3 1 0 1 1 0 G
More informationUnit 4 POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS
Unit 4 POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS Not polynomials: 3 x 8 5y 2 m 0.75 m 2b 3 6b 1 2 x What is the degree? 8xy 3 a 2 bc 3 a 6 bc 2 2x 3 + 4x 2 + 3x - 1 3x + 4x 5 + 3x 7-1 Addition and Subtraction (2x 3 + 9 x)
More information{ 0! = 1 n! = n(n 1)!, n 1. n! =
Summations Question? What is the sum of the first 100 positive integers? Counting Question? In how many ways may the first three horses in a 10 horse race finish? Multiplication Principle: If an event
More informationDate: Tuesday, 18 February :00PM. Location: Museum of London
Probability and its Limits Transcript Date: Tuesday, 18 February 2014-1:00PM Location: Museum of London 18 FEBRUARY 2014 PROBABILITY AND ITS LIMITS PROFESSOR RAYMOND FLOOD Slide: Title slide Welcome to
More informationPascal s Triangle. Jean-Romain Roy. February, 2013
Pascal s Triangle Jean-Romain Roy February, 2013 Abstract In this paper, I investigate the hidden beauty of the Pascals triangle. This arithmetical object as proved over the year to encompass seemingly
More informationCISC-102 Fall 2018 Week 11
page! 1 of! 26 CISC-102 Fall 2018 Pascal s Triangle ( ) ( ) An easy ( ) ( way ) to calculate ( ) a table of binomial coefficients was recognized centuries ago by mathematicians in India, ) ( ) China, Iran
More informationAn Improvement of Rosenfeld-Gröbner Algorithm
An Improvement of Rosenfeld-Gröbner Algorithm Amir Hashemi 1,2 Zahra Touraji 1 1 Department of Mathematical Sciences Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan, Iran 2 School of Mathematics Institute for
More informationMthEd/Math 300 Williams Fall 2011 Midterm Exam 2
Name: MthEd/Math 300 Williams Fall 2011 Midterm Exam 2 Closed Book / Closed Note. Answer all problems. You may use a calculator for numerical computations. Section 1: For each event listed in the first
More informationHence, the sequence of triangular numbers is given by., the. n th square number, is the sum of the first. S n
Appendix A: The Principle of Mathematical Induction We now present an important deductive method widely used in mathematics: the principle of mathematical induction. First, we provide some historical context
More informationÌ I K JJ II J I 1 1 of 61 w «' 4 ò Ñ
1 of 61 201825-8 Inspiration of The Pascal Triangle (Yidong Sun) A Joint Work with Ma Fei and Ma Luping 2 of 61 College of Science of Dalian Maritime University Contents Pascal Triangle The Well-known
More informationMathematical Foundations of Computer Science
Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science CS 499, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Dominik Scheder Monday, 208-03-9, homework handed out Sunday, 208-03-25, 2:00: submit questions and first submissions.
More informationCounting With Repetitions
Counting With Repetitions The genetic code of an organism stored in DNA molecules consist of 4 nucleotides: Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Thymine. It is possible to sequence short strings of molecules.
More informationFair Game Review. Chapter 10
Name Date Chapter 0 Evaluate the expression. Fair Game Review. 9 +. + 6. 8 +. 9 00. ( 9 ) 6. 6 ( + ) 7. 6 6 8. 9 6 x 9. The number of visits to a website can be modeled b = +, where is hundreds of visits
More informationConjectures and proof. Book page 24-30
Conjectures and proof Book page 24-30 What is a conjecture? A conjecture is used to describe a pattern in mathematical terms When a conjecture has been proved, it becomes a theorem There are many types
More information2Algebraic. foundations
2Algebraic foundations 2. Kick off with CAS 2.2 Algebraic skills 2.3 Pascal s triangle and binomial expansions 2.4 The Binomial theorem 2.5 Sets of real numbers 2.6 Surds 2.7 Review c02algebraicfoundations.indd
More informationCounting. Math 301. November 24, Dr. Nahid Sultana
Basic Principles Dr. Nahid Sultana November 24, 2012 Basic Principles Basic Principles The Sum Rule The Product Rule Distinguishable Pascal s Triangle Binomial Theorem Basic Principles Combinatorics: The
More informationChinese Remainder Algorithms. Çetin Kaya Koç Spring / 22
Chinese Remainder Algorithms http://koclab.org Çetin Kaya Koç Spring 2018 1 / 22 The Chinese Remainder Theorem Some cryptographic algorithms work with two (such as RSA) or more moduli (such as secret-sharing)
More informationMath for Teaching Advanced Algebra and Trigonometry. if Math is the language of Science then Algebra is the language of Math!
Math for Teaching Advanced Algebra and Trigonometry if Math is the language of Science then Algebra is the language of Math! Introduction to course Wait, more algebra?! Course nuts and bolts aka the fine
More informationUnit 2 Projectile Motion
Name: Hr: Unit 2 Projectile Motion Vocabulary Projectile: a moving object that is acted upon only by the earth s gravity A projectile may start at a given height and move toward the ground in an arc. For
More informationAMA1D01C Mathematics in the Islamic World
Hong Kong Polytechnic University 2017 Introduction Major mathematician: al-khwarizmi (780-850), al-uqlidisi (920-980), abul-wafa (940-998), al-karaji (953-1029), al-biruni (973-1048), Khayyam (1048-1131),
More informationBinomial Coefficient Identities/Complements
Binomial Coefficient Identities/Complements CSE21 Fall 2017, Day 4 Oct 6, 2017 https://sites.google.com/a/eng.ucsd.edu/cse21-fall-2017-miles-jones/ permutation P(n,r) = n(n-1) (n-2) (n-r+1) = Terminology
More informationHonours Advanced Algebra Unit 2: Polynomial Functions What s Your Identity? Learning Task (Task 8) Date: Period:
Honours Advanced Algebra Name: Unit : Polynomial Functions What s Your Identity? Learning Task (Task 8) Date: Period: Introduction Equivalent algebraic epressions, also called algebraic identities, give
More information6. Mathematics of Asian and Arabic civilizations I I
6. Mathematics of Asian and Arabic civilizations I I (Burton, 5.3, 5.5, 6.1) Due to the length of this unit, it has been split into two parts. Arabic/Islamic mathematics We have already mentioned that
More information2 Systems of Linear Equations
2 Systems of Linear Equations A system of equations of the form or is called a system of linear equations. x + 2y = 7 2x y = 4 5p 6q + r = 4 2p + 3q 5r = 7 6p q + 4r = 2 Definition. An equation involving
More informationThe Fibonacci Sequence
Elvis Numbers Elvis the Elf skips up a flight of numbered stairs, starting at step 1 and going up one or two steps with each leap Along with an illustrious name, Elvis parents have endowed him with an
More informationApproaches differ: Catalan numbers
ISSN: 2455-4227 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.12 www.allsciencejournal.com Volume 2; Issue 6; November 2017; Page No. 82-89 Approaches differ: Catalan numbers 1 Mihir B Trivedi, 2 Dr. Pradeep J Jha 1 Research
More information14.3. They re a Lot More Than Just Sparklers! Solving Quadratic Inequalities
They re a Lot More Than Just Sparklers! Solving Quadratic Inequalities.3 Learning Goals In this lesson, you will: Use the Quadratic Formula to solve quadratic inequalities. any historians believe fireworks
More informationHonors Advanced Algebra Unit 2 Polynomial Operations September 14, 2016 Task 7: What s Your Identity?
Honors Advanced Algebra Name Unit Polynomial Operations September 14, 016 Task 7: What s Your Identity? MGSE9 1.A.APR.4 Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical relationships. MGSE9
More information( ) is called the dependent variable because its
page 1 of 16 CLASS NOTES: 3 8 thru 4 3 and 11 7 Functions, Exponents and Polynomials 3 8: Function Notation A function is a correspondence between two sets, the domain (x) and the range (y). An example
More informationISLAMIC MATHEMATICS. Buket Çökelek. 23 October 2017
ISLAMIC MATHEMATICS Buket Çökelek 23 October 2017 Islamic Mathematics is the term used to refer to the mathematics done in the Islamic world between the 8th and 13th centuries CE. Mathematics from the
More informationExtending The Natural Numbers. Whole Numbers. Integer Number Set. History of Zero
Whole Numbers Are the whole numbers with the property of addition a group? Extending The Natural Numbers Natural or Counting Numbers {1,2,3 } Extend to Whole Numbers { 0,1,2,3 } to get an additive identity.
More informationThe Sum n. Introduction. Proof I: By Induction. Caleb McWhorter
The Sum 1 + + + n Caleb McWhorter Introduction Mathematicians study patterns, logic, and the relationships between objects. Though this definition is so vague it could be describing any field not just
More informationUNCORRECTED SAMPLE PAGES. Extension 1. The binomial expansion and. Digital resources for this chapter
15 Pascal s In Chapter 10 we discussed the factoring of a polynomial into irreducible factors, so that it could be written in a form such as P(x) = (x 4) 2 (x + 1) 3 (x 2 + x + 1). In this chapter we will
More informationThe mighty zero. Abstract
The mighty zero Rintu Nath Scientist E Vigyan Prasar, Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India A 50, Sector 62, NOIDA 201 309 rnath@vigyanprasar.gov.in rnath07@gmail.com Abstract Zero is a
More informationNamed numbres. Ngày 25 tháng 11 năm () Named numbres Ngày 25 tháng 11 năm / 7
Named numbres Ngày 25 tháng 11 năm 2011 () Named numbres Ngày 25 tháng 11 năm 2011 1 / 7 Fibonacci, Catalan, Stirling, Euler, Bernoulli Many sequences are famous. 1 1, 2, 3, 4,... the integers. () Named
More informationBinary Arithmetic: counting with ones
Binary Arithmetic: counting with ones Robin McLean 28 February 2015 Weighing in ounces Suppose we have one of each of the following weights: 32oz, 16oz, 8oz, 4oz, 2oz and 1oz. Can we weigh any whole number
More informationName (please print) Mathematics Final Examination December 14, 2005 I. (4)
Mathematics 513-00 Final Examination December 14, 005 I Use a direct argument to prove the following implication: The product of two odd integers is odd Let m and n be two odd integers Since they are odd,
More informationMthEd/Math 300 Williams Winter 2012 Review for Midterm Exam 2 PART 1
MthEd/Math 300 Williams Winter 2012 Review for Midterm Exam 2 PART 1 1. In terms of the machine-scored sections of the test, you ll basically need to coordinate mathematical developments or events, people,
More informationCritical Areas in 2011 Mathematics Frameworks
in 2011 Mathematics Frameworks Pre-Kindergarten Kindergarten Developing an understanding of whole numbers to 10, including concepts of one-to-one correspondence, counting, cardinality (the number of items
More informationDiploma Programme. Mathematics HL guide. First examinations 2014
Diploma Programme First examinations 2014 Syllabus 17 Topic 1 Core: Algebra The aim of this topic is to introduce students to some basic algebraic concepts and applications. 1.1 Arithmetic sequences and
More informationUSA Mathematical Talent Search Round 1 Solutions Year 24 Academic Year
1/1/24. Several children were playing in the ugly tree when suddenly they all fell. Roger hit branches A, B, and C in that order on the way down. Sue hit branches D, E, and F in that order on the way down.
More information8.4 PATTERNS, GUESSES, AND FORMULAS
8.4 Patterns, Guesses, and Formulas 46 Exercises 65 68 Express as a quotient of two integers in reduced form. 65. (a).4, (b).4 66. (a).45, (b).45 67. (a).5, (b).5 68. (a).7, (b).7 69. Evaluate the sum
More informationFor today s lesson you will need:
Periodic Table 8.5C interpret the arrangement of the periodic table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements For today s lesson you will need: Before we really
More informationMATH STUDENT BOOK. 12th Grade Unit 9
MATH STUDENT BOOK 12th Grade Unit 9 Unit 9 COUNTING PRINCIPLES MATH 1209 COUNTING PRINCIPLES INTRODUCTION 1. PROBABILITY DEFINITIONS, SAMPLE SPACES, AND PROBABILITY ADDITION OF PROBABILITIES 11 MULTIPLICATION
More information144 Maths Quest 9 for Victoria
Expanding 5 Belinda works for an advertising company that produces billboard advertising. The cost of a billboard is based on the area of the sign and is $50 per square metre. If we increase the length
More informationInteger Division. Student Probe
Student Probe What is 24 3? Answer: 8 Integer Division Lesson Description This lesson is intended to help students develop an understanding of division of integers. The lesson focuses on using the array
More informationA Correlation of. Student Activity Book. to the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics. Grade 2
A Correlation of Student Activity Book to the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics Grade 2 Copyright 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliate(s). All rights reserved Grade 2 Units Unit 1 -
More informationMATH 433 Applied Algebra Lecture 22: Review for Exam 2.
MATH 433 Applied Algebra Lecture 22: Review for Exam 2. Topics for Exam 2 Permutations Cycles, transpositions Cycle decomposition of a permutation Order of a permutation Sign of a permutation Symmetric
More informationGeneralizations of Pascal's Triangle: A Construction Based Approach
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones 5-1-2013 Generalizations of Pascal's Triangle: A Construction Based Approach Michael Anton Kuhlmann University of Nevada, Las Vegas, m.anton.kuhlmann@gmail.com
More informationJiu Zhang Suan Shu and the Gauss Algorithm for Linear Equations
Documenta Math. 9 Jiu Zhang Suan Shu and the Gauss Algorithm for Linear Equations Ya-xiang Yuan 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 01A25, 65F05 Keywords and Phrases: Linear equations, elimination,
More informationA plane in which each point is identified with a ordered pair of real numbers (x,y) is called a coordinate (or Cartesian) plane.
Coordinate Geometry Rene Descartes, considered the father of modern philosophy (Cogito ergo sum), also had a great influence on mathematics. He and Fermat corresponded regularly and as a result of their
More informationThe Arithmetic of Reasoning. Chessa Horomanski & Matt Corson
The Arithmetic of Reasoning LOGIC AND BOOLEAN ALGEBRA Chessa Horomanski & Matt Corson Computers Ask us questions, correct our grammar, calculate our taxes But Misunderstand what we re sure we told them,
More informationLMS Popular Lectures. Codes. Peter J. Cameron
LMS Popular Lectures Codes Peter J. Cameron p.j.cameron@qmul.ac.uk June/July 2001 Think of a number... Think of a number between 0 and 15. Now answer the following questions. You are allowed to lie once.
More informationINTRODUCTION TO SUPREME NUMBER (PART 2)
Page70 INTRODUCTION TO SUPREME NUMBER (PART ) Nachimani Charde, Department of Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus Komalavalli Darmalingam Institute
More informationComplexity Theory. Ahto Buldas. Introduction September 10, Slides based on S.Aurora, B.Barak. Complexity Theory: A Modern Approach.
Introduction September 10, 2009 Complexity Theory Slides based on S.Aurora, B.Barak. Complexity Theory: A Modern Approach. Ahto Buldas e-mail: Ahto.Buldas@ut.ee home: http://home.cyber.ee/ahtbu phone:
More information3.4 Pascal s Pride. A Solidify Understanding Task
3.4 Pascal s Pride A Solidify Understanding Task Multiplying polynomials can require a bit of skill in the algebra department, but since polynomials are structured like numbers, multiplication works very
More informationThink about systems of linear equations, their solutions, and how they might be represented with matrices.
Think About This Situation Unit 4 Lesson 3 Investigation 1 Name: Think about systems of linear equations, their solutions, and how they might be represented with matrices. a Consider a system of two linear
More informationSection 5.5. Complex Eigenvalues (Part II)
Section 5.5 Complex Eigenvalues (Part II) Motivation: Complex Versus Two Real Eigenvalues Today s decomposition is very analogous to diagonalization. Theorem Let A be a 2 2 matrix with linearly independent
More informationAlgebraic. techniques1
techniques Algebraic An electrician, a bank worker, a plumber and so on all have tools of their trade. Without these tools, and a good working knowledge of how to use them, it would be impossible for them
More informationLesson 8: Why Stay with Whole Numbers?
Student Outcomes Students use function notation, evaluate functions for inputs in their domains, and interpret statements that use function notation in terms of a context. Students create functions that
More informationLinear Algebra for Beginners Open Doors to Great Careers. Richard Han
Linear Algebra for Beginners Open Doors to Great Careers Richard Han Copyright 2018 Richard Han All rights reserved. CONTENTS PREFACE... 7 1 - INTRODUCTION... 8 2 SOLVING SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS...
More informationCounting with Categories and Binomial Coefficients
Counting with Categories and Binomial Coefficients CSE21 Winter 2017, Day 17 (B00), Day 12 (A00) February 22, 2017 http://vlsicad.ucsd.edu/courses/cse21-w17 When sum rule fails Rosen p. 392-394 Let A =
More informationComputer Science 385 Analysis of Algorithms Siena College Spring Topic Notes: Limitations of Algorithms
Computer Science 385 Analysis of Algorithms Siena College Spring 2011 Topic Notes: Limitations of Algorithms We conclude with a discussion of the limitations of the power of algorithms. That is, what kinds
More informationClear as Night and Day:
6 Clear as Night and Day: Calculating Sunrise and Sunset Guiding Question What is the length of a degree longitude and latitude in your geographic location, and how does it affect sunrise and sunset? Project
More informationPascal triangle variation and its properties
Pascal triangle variation and its properties Mathieu Parizeau-Hamel 18 february 2013 Abstract The goal of this work was to explore the possibilities harnessed in the the possible variations of the famous
More informationHistory of Mathematics. Victor J. Katz Third Edition
History of Mathematics Victor J. Katz Third Edition Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM0 JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at:
More informationDynamic Programming. Shuang Zhao. Microsoft Research Asia September 5, Dynamic Programming. Shuang Zhao. Outline. Introduction.
Microsoft Research Asia September 5, 2005 1 2 3 4 Section I What is? Definition is a technique for efficiently recurrence computing by storing partial results. In this slides, I will NOT use too many formal
More information1 ** The performance objectives highlighted in italics have been identified as core to an Algebra II course.
Strand One: Number Sense and Operations Every student should understand and use all concepts and skills from the pervious grade levels. The standards are designed so that new learning builds on preceding
More informationIntroduction to Decision Sciences Lecture 11
Introduction to Decision Sciences Lecture 11 Andrew Nobel October 24, 2017 Basics of Counting Product Rule Product Rule: Suppose that the elements of a collection S can be specified by a sequence of k
More informationMAT1332 Assignment #5 solutions
1 MAT133 Assignment #5 solutions Question 1 Determine the solution of the following systems : a) x + y + z = x + 3y + z = 5 x + 9y + 7z = 1 The augmented matrix associated to this system is 1 1 1 3 5.
More informationCounting Strategies: Inclusion-Exclusion, Categories
Counting Strategies: Inclusion-Exclusion, Categories Russell Impagliazzo and Miles Jones Thanks to Janine Tiefenbruck http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/classes/sp16/cse21-bd/ May 4, 2016 A scheduling problem In one
More informationFranklin Math Bowl 2007 Group Problem Solving Test 6 th Grade
Group Problem Solving Test 6 th Grade 1. Consecutive integers are integers that increase by one. For eample, 6, 7, and 8 are consecutive integers. If the sum of 9 consecutive integers is 9, what is the
More informationMath 116 Practice for Exam 2
Math 116 Practice for Exam 2 Generated October 27, 2015 Name: SOLUTIONS Instructor: Section Number: 1. This exam has 6 questions. Note that the problems are not of equal difficulty, so you may want to
More informationRandom Number Generator Digital Design - Demo
Understanding Digital Design The Digital Electronics 2014 Digital Design - Demo This presentation will Review the oard Game Counter block diagram. Review the circuit design of the sequential logic section
More informationA reproduction of a compass from Photo by: Virginia State Parks staff/wikimedia Photo by: Virginia State Parks staff/ Wikimedia.
What is a compass? By National Geographic, adapted by Newsela staff on 09.26.17 Word Count 838 Level 810L A reproduction of a compass from 1607. Photo by: Virginia State Parks staff/wikimedia Photo by:
More information= 3, the vertical velocty is. (x(t), y(t)) = (1 + 3t, 2 + 4t) for t [0, 1],
Math 133 Parametric Curves Stewart 10.1 Back to pictures! We have emphasized four conceptual levels, or points of view on mathematics: physical, geometric, numerical, algebraic. The physical viewpoint
More informationLAB 2 - ONE DIMENSIONAL MOTION
Name Date Partners L02-1 LAB 2 - ONE DIMENSIONAL MOTION OBJECTIVES Slow and steady wins the race. Aesop s fable: The Hare and the Tortoise To learn how to use a motion detector and gain more familiarity
More information6: Polynomials and Polynomial Functions
6: Polynomials and Polynomial Functions 6-1: Polynomial Functions Okay you know what a variable is A term is a product of constants and powers of variables (for example: x ; 5xy ) For now, let's restrict
More informationCS 301: Complexity of Algorithms (Term I 2008) Alex Tiskin Harald Räcke. Hamiltonian Cycle. 8.5 Sequencing Problems. Directed Hamiltonian Cycle
8.5 Sequencing Problems Basic genres. Packing problems: SET-PACKING, INDEPENDENT SET. Covering problems: SET-COVER, VERTEX-COVER. Constraint satisfaction problems: SAT, 3-SAT. Sequencing problems: HAMILTONIAN-CYCLE,
More informationLaw of Trichotomy and Boundary Equations
Law of Trichotomy and Boundary Equations Law of Trichotomy: For any two real numbers a and b, exactly one of the following is true. i. a < b ii. a = b iii. a > b The Law of Trichotomy is a formal statement
More informationProbability II: Binomial Expansion v2.1/05. Introduction. How to do a problem. Prerequisite: Probability I & Sex Inheritance
Probability II: Binomial Expansion v2.1/05 Prerequisite: Probability I & Sex Inheritance Name Introduction In the Probability I topic, you considered probability of a single event. You learned how to compute
More informationMATH 243E Test #3 Solutions
MATH 4E Test # Solutions () Find a recurrence relation for the number of bit strings of length n that contain a pair of consecutive 0s. You do not need to solve this recurrence relation. (Hint: Consider
More informationAppearances Can Be Deceiving!
Appearances Can Be Deceiving! Overview: Students explore the relationship between angular width, actual size, and distance by using their finger, thumb and fist as a unit of angular measurement in this
More informationRow Reduction
Row Reduction 1-12-2015 Row reduction (or Gaussian elimination) is the process of using row operations to reduce a matrix to row reduced echelon form This procedure is used to solve systems of linear equations,
More informationMeasuring Keepers S E S S I O N 1. 5 A
S E S S I O N 1. 5 A Measuring Keepers Math Focus Points Naming, notating, and telling time to the hour on a digital and an analog clock Understanding the meaning of at least in the context of linear measurement
More informationCoding for Digital Communication and Beyond Fall 2013 Anant Sahai MT 1
EECS 121 Coding for Digital Communication and Beyond Fall 2013 Anant Sahai MT 1 PRINT your student ID: PRINT AND SIGN your name:, (last) (first) (signature) PRINT your Unix account login: ee121- Prob.
More informationCSE 20. Lecture 4: Introduction to Boolean algebra. CSE 20: Lecture4
CSE 20 Lecture 4: Introduction to Boolean algebra Reminder First quiz will be on Friday (17th January) in class. It is a paper quiz. Syllabus is all that has been done till Wednesday. If you want you may
More informationWhy It s Important. What You ll Learn
How could you solve this problem? Denali and Mahala weed the borders on the north and south sides of their rectangular yard. Denali starts first and has weeded m on the south side when Mahala says he should
More informationMathematics SKE: STRAND J. UNIT J4 Matrices: Introduction
UNIT : Learning objectives This unit introduces the important topic of matrix algebra. After completing Unit J4 you should be able to add and subtract matrices of the same dimensions (order) understand
More informationRobert McGee, Professor Emeritus, Cabrini College Carol Serotta, Cabrini College Kathleen Acker, Ph.D.
Robert McGee, Professor Emeritus, Cabrini College Carol Serotta, Cabrini College Kathleen Acker, Ph.D. 1 2 At the end of about 18 pages of discussion of the history of Chinese mathematics, Victor Katz
More informationAISJ Mathematics Scope & Sequence Grades PreK /14
The Scope and Sequence document represents an articulation of what students should know and be able to do. The document supports teachers in knowing how to help students achieve the goals of the standards
More informationCHAPTER 1 NUMBER SYSTEMS. 1.1 Introduction
N UMBER S YSTEMS NUMBER SYSTEMS CHAPTER. Introduction In your earlier classes, you have learnt about the number line and how to represent various types of numbers on it (see Fig..). Fig.. : The number
More informationMathematics and Islam: Background Information
Mathematics and Islam: Background Information There are a number of developments in Mathematics that originate from Islamic scholarship during the early period of Islam. Some of the ideas were certainly
More informationRoss Program 2017 Application Problems
Ross Program 2017 Application Problems This document is part of the application to the Ross Mathematics Program, and is posted at http://u.osu.edu/rossmath/. The Admission Committee will start reading
More informationEQ: How do I convert between standard form and scientific notation?
EQ: How do I convert between standard form and scientific notation? HW: Practice Sheet Bellwork: Simplify each expression 1. (5x 3 ) 4 2. 5(x 3 ) 4 3. 5(x 3 ) 4 20x 8 Simplify and leave in standard form
More information5. Sequences & Recursion
5. Sequences & Recursion Terence Sim 1 / 42 A mathematician, like a painter or poet, is a maker of patterns. Reading Sections 5.1 5.4, 5.6 5.8 of Epp. Section 2.10 of Campbell. Godfrey Harold Hardy, 1877
More informationExploration Series. CLARKE S DREAM Interactive Physics Simulation Page 01
CLARKE S DREAM ------- Interactive Physics Simulation ------- Page 01 Which is the best orbit for a communications satellite? Sir Arthur Charles Clarke was an inventor and science fiction writer, perhaps
More informationPhysics 101 Fall 2005: Test 1 Free Response and Instructions
Last Name: First Name: Physics 101 Fall 2005: Test 1 Free Response and Instructions Print your LAST and FIRST name on the front of your blue book, on this question sheet, the multiplechoice question sheet
More information