Failure Analysis of Medium Voltage Capacitor Banks: The Egyptian Experience
|
|
- Sheryl Morrison
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Failure Analysis of Medium Voltage Capacitor Banks: The Egyptian Experience Mohamed A. EL-HADIDY Dalal H. HELMI Tech. Consultant Studies and Research Dept. Egyptian Electricity Transmission company Egypt
2 CONTENT GENERAL APPROACH OBJECTIVES FAILURE MODES EXAMPLES OF FAILURE MECHANISMS UTILITY MAINTENANCE PRACTISES RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATION
3 - GENERAL- System reliability depends on components reliability Power capacitor banks reliability evaluation through their failure modes, rates and mechanisms have been investigated at about 190 substations in TN, in which 2450 MVAR capacitor banks are installed The study includes 9 vendors for whom the Capacitor Banks are installed during the period of early installation in 1985 till 2008.
4 - APPROACH - - Analyzing the available Capacitor Failure data of all vendors, over the banks lifetime. - Classify different types of failures - Conducting deep analysis and comparisons between different vendors OBJECTIVES Assess the failure modes, rates and mechanisms of MV capacitor banks installed in the Egyptian Network, and sum up utility experience in this field
5 Typical two step capacitor bank installation 1.8 MVAR 3.6 MVAR, or 5.4 MVAR
6 - FAILURE MODES-
7 CAPACITOR BANKS FAILURE RATES The following analysis of the failures covers only 5/9 of these vendors. The other 4 have smaller number of installations, and hence capacity, and exist in only one or two of the Egyptian Network 6 zones.
8 Table 1: Failure Rates of Capacitor Banks Main Components % of the total Failure: Capacitors = 48% Contactors = 18% Controllers = 37%
9 Table 2: Some subcomponent failure statistics in one of the zones
10 EXAMPLES OF FAILURE MECHANISMS In 2008, EETC noticed two types of problems in the newly delivered MV caps from X vendor. Observation of oil leakage from some capacitor bushing Decline in capacitance values which leads to tripping of the bank by the unbalance protection. An investigation task force was formed from vendor company & utility personnel
11 1. OIL LEAKAGE FROM THE BUSHING Problem traced down to the quality of adhesive material used to seal the bushing with the tank.
12 2 CAPACITANCE VALUE DECLINE Scanning Electron Microscope investigation of faulty capacitor element Contamination of capacitor metal film by materials used for soldering Cap units to connection leads
13 UTILITY MAINTENANCE PRACTISES Failed components replaced from the existing spare parts stock under the responsibility of utility maintenance crew the technical staff of the vendor Sometimes spare parts, such as fuses, contactor coils, auxiliary relays, timers etc, are obtained from the local market.
14 Utility perform detailed harmonics measurements at locations: of failed capacitor where caps are intended to be installed. Also, conducts many tests at the factory, commissioning tests and periodic tests (+ harmonic measurement).
15 RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATION Capacitor bank failure modes and failure rates analysis is important to reveal the reliability and goodness of all stages starting from: putting specifications, designing, testing, installing, operating, and maintaining. This helps also in selection of good manufacturers of: capacitors, contactors, fuses, controllers, bushings etc (Vendor 3 discarded).
16 Failure analysis requires a follow up investigation and root cause analysis. (capacitor failures were viewed more as routine annoyances that had to be accepted). The trend today is to approach each capacitor failure as the potential result of a design, operation or maintenance defect.
17 An in-depth investigation should be conducted by an expert and before any potential evidence is disturbed. Once the root cause of the failure is determined, the info can then passed on to the responsible department(s). Appropriate changes can then be made where applicable.
18 The two problems identified in this paper illustrate that there are many potential sources can lead to or cause capacitor failures.
Determination of Fault Location in Shunt Capacitor Bank through Compensated Neutral Current
International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (ijasre) E-ISSN : 2454-8006 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/ijasre.2018.32630 Volume 4, Issue 3 March - 2018 Determination of Fault
More informationNew Method of Capacitors Failure Detection and Location in Shunt Capacitor Banks
New Method of Capacitors Failure Detection and Location in Shunt Capacitor Banks Hesam Jouybari-Moghaddam West ern Universit y Tarlochan Sidhu University of Ontario Institute of Technology Ilia Voloh GE
More informationHistory II. Main Products II. Contents 1. Capacitor Application Product Scope Technical Data Bushings Characteristics Samwha 4 1-1 High Voltage Power Capacitor Single Phase Capacitor Insulation Level 36kV[50/150]
More informationJinzhou Power Supply Company, Liaoning Electric Power Company Limited, State Grid, China
2nd International Conference on Automation, Mechanical Control and Computational Engineering (AMCCE 2017) Fault Analysis of Wall Bushing Dielectric Loss and Capacitance of 66kV Exceed the Standard Zhiqiang
More informationCHAPTER 2 OVERVOLTAGE DUE TO SELF-EXCITATION AND INRUSH CURRENT DUE TO CAPACITOR SWITCHING
20 CHAPTER 2 OVERVOLTAGE DUE TO SELF-EXCITATION AND INRUSH CURRENT DUE TO CAPACITOR SWITCHING 2.1 INTRODUCTION It is becoming more common to find use of shunt capacitors for the application of powerfactor
More informationEffects of Capacitor Bank Installation in a Medium Voltage (MV) Substation
Effects of Capacitor Bank Installation in a Medium Voltage (MV) Substation Adesina, Lambe Mutalub Department of Engineering & Standardization, Eko Electricity Distribution Plc, 24/25, Marina, Lagos Island,
More informationStudy of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) on Capacitor Bank Used in Distribution Power Systems
Study of Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) on Capacitor Bank Used in Distribution Power Systems A. Pourramazan 1, S. Saffari 2, A. Barghandan 3 1, 2,3 Monenco Consulting Engineers, Tehran, Iran Abstract:
More information1. Explain the various methods of methods of grounding. In power system, grounding or earthing means connecting frame of electrical equipment (non-cur
1. Explain the various methods of methods of grounding. In power system, grounding or earthing means connecting frame of electrical equipment (non-current carrying part) or some electrical part of the
More informationRESULTS OF ON-GRID OPERATION OF SUPERCONDUCTOR DYNAMIC SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSER
1 RESULTS OF ON-GRID OPERATION OF SUPERCONDUCTOR DYNAMIC SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSER Dr. Swarn S. Kalsi, David Madura, and Michael Ross American Superconductor Corporation (USA) Abstract: A high-temperature
More informationResearch of High Voltage Intelligent Capacitor
International Conference on Computer Science and Intelligent Communication (CSIC 2015) Research of High Voltage Intelligent Capacitor Yang Minxiang, Song Wei, Zhao Xuesong Jiebei Electric Power Maintenance
More informationModel M3484 Industrial Line Noise Filter Module Customer Reference Manual
Model M3484 Industrial Line Noise Filter Module Customer Reference Manual Web: www.bonitron.com Tel: 615-244-2825 Email: info@bonitron.com Bonitron, Inc. Bonitron, Inc. Nashville, TN An industry leader
More informationTHF / 1SCC330001M THF 1S1 C
THF 2247 0191/ 1SCC330001M5803 34 THF 1S1 C Installation and Operation Instruction for THF Filter and Protective Unit THF 1_ THF 1S_ THF 1BS_ General guidelines Due to the fact that most UK building earth
More informationSSC-JE EE POWER SYSTEMS: GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION SSC-JE STAFF SELECTION COMMISSION ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDY MATERIAL
1 SSC-JE STAFF SELECTION COMMISSION ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDY MATERIAL Power Systems: Generation, Transmission and Distribution Power Systems: Generation, Transmission and Distribution Power Systems:
More informationCHIP-TYPE EDLC Surface Mount Type Product Catalog
www.clcfactory.co.kr CHIP-TYPE EDLC Surface Mount Type Product Catalog Reflowable Super Capacitor (Chip-type EDLC) CLC Factory is a global leading power parts and materials company of the super capacitor(edlc)
More informationFault Location in High Voltage Shunt Capacitor Banks
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository August 7 Fault Location in High Voltage Shunt Capacitor Banks Hessamoddin Jouybari Moghaddam The University of Western
More information(NE) Low Ohmic Value Ultra Precision Resistors
Version: March 1, 2017 Electronics Tech. (NE) Low Ohmic Value Ultra Precision Resistors Web: www.direct-token.com Email: rfq@direct-token.com Direct Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. China: 12F, Zhong Xing
More informationTutorial on Shunt Capacitor Banks Design, Application and Protection Considerations
Tutorial on Shunt Capacitor Banks Design, Application and Protection Considerations Presenter: Pratap Mysore, HDR Minnesota Power Systems Conference November 12, 2015 Topics Covered Power system Considerations,
More informationElectrical Double Layer Energy Storage Capacitors Up to 3 V Operating Voltage
Electrical Double Layer Energy Storage Capacitors Up to 3 V Operating Voltage FEATURES Polarized energy storage capacitor with high capacity and energy density Rated voltage: 3.0 V Available in through-hole
More informationRuggedized Electrical Double Layer Energy Storage Capacitors
Ruggedized Electrical Double Layer Energy Storage Capacitors FEATURES Polarized energy storage capacitor with high capacity and energy density Rated voltage: 2.7 V Available in through-hole (radial) version
More informationCommissioning and Testing of AVR and PSS
Commissioning and Testing of AVR and PSS Excitation System Upgrade and commissioning challenges Vetti Bala Principal C&I Engineer G E N E S I S E N E R G Y L I M I T E D Contents Asset Testing - AVR AVR
More informationCapacitor Application Issues
Capacitor Application Issues Thomas Blooming, P.E. Daniel J. Carnovale, P.E. IEEE Industry Applications Society 53 rd Pulp & Paper Industry Technical Conf. Williamsburg, Virginia June 24-29, 2007 Introduction
More informationPUB NLH 185 Island Interconnected System Supply Issues and Power Outages Page 1 of 9
PUB NLH 1 Page 1 of 1 Q. Provide Hydro s list of outage cause codes and indicate how troublemen are managed and trained to properly use the codes. Explain the method used to report outage causes. A. Hydro
More informationHIGH ENERGY DENSITY CAPACITOR CHARACTERIZATION
GENERAL ATOMICS ENERGY PRODUCTS Engineering Bulletin HIGH ENERGY DENSITY CAPACITOR CHARACTERIZATION Joel Ennis, Xiao Hui Yang, Fred MacDougall, Ken Seal General Atomics Energy Products General Atomics
More informationHazard Communications
1 Hazard Communications 1 2 Hazard Communication Program Table of Contents 1. Purpose of the Hazard Communication Program 2. Access to Written Program 3. Responsibilities 4. Hazard Recognition/Determination
More informationSPECIFICATION SS 51/9 400KV COUPLING CAPACITORS FOR POWER LINE CARRIER SYSTEM
INDEPENDENT POWER TRANSMISSION OPERATOR S.A. TNPRD/ SUBSTATION SPECIFICATION & EQUIPMENT SECTION January 2017 SPECIFICATION SS 51/9 400KV COUPLING CAPACITORS FOR POWER LINE CARRIER SYSTEM I. SCOPE This
More informationStudies on hyper scaling dielectric loss of grading capacitors of 500kv breakers
Studies on hyper scaling dielectric loss of grading capacitors of 500kv breakers Abstract: To solve the problem of hyper scaling dielectric loss of grading capacitors for 500 kv high voltage substation
More informationCapacitors. Dominik Pieniazek, P.E. VI Engineering, LLC Nicholas A. Losito Jr. Castle Power Solutions, LLC
Capacitors Dominik Pieniazek, P.E. VI Engineering, LLC Nicholas A. Losito Jr. Castle Power Solutions, LLC Outline Day 1 Basic Power Calculations Capacitor Fundamentals Capacitor Ratings Capacitor Application
More informationSolid Tantalum SMD Capacitors TANTAMOUNT, Hi-Rel COTS, Low ESR, Metal Case
Solid Tantalum SMD Capacitors TANTAMOUNT, Hi-Rel COTS, Low ESR, Metal Case PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Operating Temperature: -55 C to +125 C (above 85 C, voltage derating is required) Capacitance Range:
More informationEpoxy-coated Solid Electrolytic Tantalum Capacitors (LEAD FREE) TCR Series (LEAD FREE)
1. Scope This specification applies to. 2. Product identification T C R S 1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Part no. Designation: (1) series: TCR represent series number of epoxy-coated solid electrolytic
More informationCause Analysis. Focusing on Misoperations. Ed Ruck, Rick Hackman WECC Misoperations Workshop June 5-6, 2018
Cause Analysis Focusing on Misoperations Ed Ruck, Rick Hackman WECC Misoperations Workshop June 5-6, 208 Why conduct a Root Cause Analysis 2 What is a Misoperation Informal definition System does not activate
More informationSuperconducting Fault Current Limiters
Superconducting Fault Current Limiters First Friday Club 1 st April 2011 Gerhard Novak UK Technical Manager Joachim Bock Managing Director, Nexans Superconductors 1 Smart Grid Solutions 2 Fault current
More informationFault Location Method and Simulation Analysis of Parallel Compensating Capacitors
Energy and Power Engineering, 2013, 5, 579-583 doi:10.4236/epe.2013.54b111 Published Online July 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/epe) Fault Location Method and Simulation Analysis of Parallel ompensating
More informationPOWER FACTOR CORRECTION CAPACITOR CELLS SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS DESCRIPTION Metallized polypropylene capacitors offer improved performance and proven reliability in applications requiring power factor correction or harmonic filtering. Metallized polypropylene
More informationAN6783S. IC for long interval timer. ICs for Timer. Overview. Features. Applications. Block Diagram
IC for long interval timer Overview The is an IC designed for a long interval timer. It is oscillated by using the external resistor and capacitor, and the oscillation frequency divided by a - stage F.F.
More informationRequest Ensure that this Instruction Manual is delivered to the end users and the maintenance manager.
Request Ensure that this Instruction Manual is delivered to the end users and the maintenance manager. 1 -A - Introduction - Thank for your purchasing MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC MELPRO TM D Series Digital Protection
More informationHigh Voltage MLC Chips
NEW 630V RANGE HOW TO ORDER 1808 A A 271 High value, low leakage and small size are difficult parameters to obtain in capacitors for high voltage systems. AVX special high voltage MLC chip capacitors meet
More informationTransmission and Dispatching Operations Manual
MANUAL 12 Transmission and Dispatching Operations Manual April 2016 4.2.9 Adverse Operating Conditions NYISO Actions The NYISO may perform the following actions under adverse operating conditions: 1. Notify
More informationDC/DC regulator Input V Output up to 16 A
PMC 4000 series Contents Product Program...................... 2 Mechanical Data...................... 3 Connections......................... 3 Absolute Maximum Ratings............. 4 Input...............................
More information25, 35, 50, 63 Vdc. RoHS Compliant. Size Code ± 0.5 ± 0.3. F to
For filtering, Bypassing and Power Supply Decoupling with Long Life Requirements Using a ruggedized construction, type HZC_V withstands a 30 G vibration test. As the main countermeasure to vibration, the
More informationDouble Layer Capacitors. PN: NEX_ series & NED_ series
Rev B - August 2010 www.niccomp.com Technical support: tpmg@niccomp.com Double Layer Capacitors PN: NEX_ series & NED_ series NEXC SMT Reflow Soldering NEXA / NEXG NEXS / NEXT Low Profile Radial LDD NEXM
More informationVarius SUMMARY OF MODELS OF HRC FUSE-LINKS
SUMMARY OF MODELS OF HRC FUSE-LINKS Type PNA000 PHNA000 PNA00 PHNA00 Rated current I n up to A up to 0 A up to A up to 0 A Rated voltage U n AC 00 V, 00 V 90 V 00 V 90 V DC 0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V Fuse-link size
More informationCRTE Power Capacitors
RTE Power apacitors General description RTE is the IAR last generation of metallized polypropylene film capacitors to be used for power factor correction and harmonic filtering in low voltage plants. Three
More informationAn Introduction to Insulation Resistance Testing
An Introduction to Insulation Resistance Testing In a perfect world, electrical insulation would allow no current to flow through it. Unfortunately, a number of factors can over time result in the deterioration
More informationCooler-Bypass Thermostat Valve, Size 10
Cooler-Bypass Thermostat Valve, Size Q max = l/min, p max = bar Temperature-controlled, integral relief function Description These direct acting bypass thermostat valves are size, temperature controlled,
More information3 CONDUCTIVE POLYMER ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS
3 CONDUCTIVE POLYMER ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS Hi-CAP (Conductive Polymer Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor) Hi-CAP is an electrolytic capacitor that uses a highly electric conductive polymer as it
More informationDerogation Criteria for the Requirements for Generators Network Code
Derogation Criteria for the Requirements for Generators Network Code Decision Paper Reference: CER/17/084 Date Published: 13/04/2017 Closing Date: 0 Executive Summary Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/631
More informationCERAMIC CHIP CAPACITORS
INTRODUCTION Ceramic chips consist of formulated ceramic dielectric materials which have been fabricated into thin layers, interspersed with metal electrodes alternately exposed on opposite edges of the
More information08/072 PKZ2 Motor-Protective Circuit-Breakers Tripping Characteristics
0/07 PKZ Tripping Characteristics Moeller HPL0-00/00 S-PKZ high-capacity contact module, SEA-PKZ contact module Normal switching duty AC-/00V kw A Rated output of three-phase motors 0...0 Hz. 7..... 0.7
More informationISM Evolution. Elscolab. Nederland BV
ISM Evolution Agenda Introduction Marketing Strategy ISM Concept & Technology Product Offering Applications Digital Communication and ISM Outlook 1 Agenda Introduction Marketing Strategy ISM Concept &
More informationRemaining useful life prediction of IGBTs in MRI gradient amplifiers
Remaining useful life prediction of IGBTs in MRI gradient amplifiers Reference: Date: Author(s): Distribution: P1806141249 2018-06-14 Martijn Patelski PE Event 2018 attendees a passion for technology Template
More informationTHREE PHASE CAPACITOR For WIND TURBINES
RS/Cond 28.04.2003 Pg: 1 / 3 THREE PHASE CAPACITOR For WIND TURBINES Applications: Three-phase capacitor for Wind Turbine has been designed for power factor correction in high harmonic current content.
More information400 Volts, 50HZ 480 Volts, 60HZ 600 Volts, 60HZ TECHNICAL REFERENCE MANUAL
400 Volts, 50HZ 480 Volts, 60HZ 600 Volts, 60HZ TECHNICAL REFERENCE MANUAL FORM: MAP-TRM-E REL. July 2013 REV. 015 2013 MTE Corporation IMPORTANT USER INFORMATION NOTICE The MTE Corporation Matrix AP Harmonic
More informationEnergy Storage Double Layer Capacitors
96 DLC Energy Storage Double Layer Capacitors FEATURES Polarized capacitor with high charge density, alternative product to rechargeable backup batteries Dielectric: electric double layer Radial leads,
More informationGENERATOR INTERCONNECTION APPLICATION
GENERATOR INTERCONNECTION APPLICATION FOR BUY-ALL/SELL-ALL PROJECTS WITH AGGREGATE GENERATOR OUTPUT OF MORE THAN 20 KW BUT LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 1 MW Electric Utility Contact Information Great Lakes Energy
More informationDouble Metallized Polypropylene Film Capacitor Radial AC and Pulse Capacitor
End of Life September 018 - Alternative Device: MMKP8 Double Metallized Polypropylene Film Capacitor Radial AC and Pulse Capacitor FEATURES Material categorization: for definitions of compliance please
More informationRequirements to perform accurate dielectric material analysis
Requirements to perform accurate dielectric material analysis By Britta Pfeiffer 2017 by OMICRON Lab V1.0 Visit www.omicron-lab.com for more information. Contact support@omicron-lab.com for technical support.
More informationCase Study on Fault Analysis Using PMU
Case Study on Fault Analysis Using PMU Prithwish Mukhopadhyay General Manager, WRLDC prithwish.mukhopadhyay@posoco.in Abhimanyu Gartia Deputy General Manager, WRLDC agartia@posoco.in Pushpa Seshadri Chief
More informationUtilization of Egyptian Research Reactor and modes of collaboration
Utilization of Egyptian Research Reactor and modes of collaboration Mohamed A. GAHEEN Director of ETRR-2, Egypt TM on Research Reactor Application for Materials Under High Neutron Fluence, Vienna, 17-21
More informationWet Tantalum Capacitors, High Energy, Ultra High Capacitance, -55 C to +125 C Operation
Wet Tantalum Capacitors, High Energy, Ultra High Capacitance, -55 C to +125 C Operation FEATURES High energy, very high capacitance design All tantalum, hermetically sealed case Utilizes proven SuperTan
More informationData Bulletin. SEPAM 49RMS Application Note Protection for Motor Applications Class Number SEPAM 49RMS Protection for Motor Applications
Data Bulletin 3000DB08 09/008 LaVergne, TN, USA SEPAM 49RMS Application Note Protection for Motor Applications Class Number 3000 SEPAM 49RMS Protection for Motor Applications Introduction Thermal protection
More informationPower Quality. Guide for electrical design engineers. Power Quality. Mitigation of voltage unbalance
Guide for electrical design engineers Power Quality Zbigniew Hanzelka GH-University of Science & Technology Mitigation of voltage unbalance U U = C = - = L U U = - U = - U Power Quality Power Quality.
More informationFaults on Electrical System. A Research
Faults on Electrical System A Research Presented to Electrical Engineering School of Engineering and Architecture Mindanao University of Science and Technology Cagayan de Oro City In partial fulfilment
More informationSF6 Gas Standard Capacitors
TYL series SF6 Gas Standard Capacitors levels up to 95% without condensation. We use special stainless steel to permit the prefect temperature and voltage coefficient stability. The capacitor is provided
More informationAC and Pulse Film/Foil Capacitors Radial Potted Type
KP186 AC and Pulse Film/Foil Capacitors Radial Potted Type FEATURES Material categorization: For definitions of compliance please see www.vishay.com/doc?9991 APPLICATIONS High voltage, very high current
More informationA COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS
NIJOTECH VOL. 5 NO. 1 MARCH 1981 EJEBE 46 A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS BY G.C. EJEBE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA.
More informationNR2 Thermal Overload Relay
Contactors,, Starters. Type designation N - Current class Design sequence No. N Thermal Overload elay. General. Certificates: CE, KEM, UkrSEPO, GOST, CC, UL;. Electric ratings: C 0/0z, 90V, 0.~30;.3 Tripping
More informationAT Series. High Temperature MLCC 200ºC & 250 C Rated HOW TO ORDER ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS DIMENSIONS AT10
Present military specifications, as well as a majority of commercial applications, require a maximum operating temperature of 25 C. However, the emerging market for high temperature electronics demands
More informationAREP Series Aluminum Solid Electrolytic Capacitors Aluminum Solid Electrolytic Capacitors
Features -Super low ESR, high ripple current capability -Rated voltage:6.3~35vdc -Endurance:5,000 hours at 105ºC -Suitable for DC-DC converters, voltage regulators and decoupling applications -RoHS Compliant
More informationEstimation of Current Transformer Insulation Life with an Effect of Environmental Variables
Estimation of Current Transformer Insulation Life with an Effect of Environmental Variables Priti N. Bawankule 1, Dr. A. G. Thosar 2, P. S. Swami 3 PG Student [EPS], Dept. of EE, Government College of
More informationChapter 2. Planning Criteria. Turaj Amraee. Fall 2012 K.N.Toosi University of Technology
Chapter 2 Planning Criteria By Turaj Amraee Fall 2012 K.N.Toosi University of Technology Outline 1- Introduction 2- System Adequacy and Security 3- Planning Purposes 4- Planning Standards 5- Reliability
More informationReactive Power Solutions
GE Digital Energy Reactive Power Solutions Effects of Series Capacitors on Line Protection Relaying Design and Settings Presented by: Paul Datka, GE Energy Consulting Luis Polanco, GE Energy Consulting
More informationDistinguishing Manufacturing Defects From Variability Induced Faults in Analog Circuits
Distinguishing Manufacturing Defects From Variability Induced Faults in Analog Circuits Suraj Sindia Vishwani D. Agrawal Dept. of ECE, Auburn University, AL, USA Virendra Singh Indian Institute of Science,
More informationHighlights. 25, 35, 50, 63, 80 Vdc. RoHS Compliant A (± 0.2) L ( ± 0.3) D (± 0.5) Capacitor Markings Voltage Code
For filtering, Bypassing and Power Supply Decoupling with Long Life Requirements Rated for 15 C, type HZA combines the advantages of aluminum electrolytic and aluminum polymer technology. These hybrid
More informationMKP.g. 1.0 Rated Values and Operational Data
Applications DC and AC voltages Professional Applications Tuned circuits, filters, timers Integrators, S/H Coupling / decoupling, audio Instrumentation Main Characteristics Dry film-foil based technology
More informationHigh Voltage MLC Chips
HOW TO ORDER NEW 630V RANGE 1808 A A 271 K AVX Voltage Temperature Capacitance Code Capacitance Style 600V/630V = C Coefficient (2 significant digits Tolerance 0805 1000V = A NPO (C0G) = A + no. of zeros)
More informationLatest Status of High Temperature Superconducting Cable Projects
Latest Status of High Temperature Superconducting Cable Projects Y.Ashibe, H.Yumura, M.Watanabe, H.Takigawa, H.Ito, M.Ohya, T.Masuda and M.Hirose Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Osaka,554-0024 Japan
More informationChapter 15. System Reliability Concepts and Methods. William Q. Meeker and Luis A. Escobar Iowa State University and Louisiana State University
Chapter 15 System Reliability Concepts and Methods William Q. Meeker and Luis A. Escobar Iowa State University and Louisiana State University Copyright 1998-2008 W. Q. Meeker and L. A. Escobar. Based on
More informationAN78xx/AN78xxF Series
3-pin positive output voltage regulator ( type) Overview The N7xx series and the N7xxF series are 3- pin, fixed positive output type monolithic voltage regulators. Stabilized fixed output voltage is obtained
More informationSample Problems for the Final Exam
Sample Problems for the Final Exam 1. Hydraulic landing assemblies coming from an aircraft rework facility are each inspected for defects. Historical records indicate that 8% have defects in shafts only,
More informationNR2 Thermal Overload Relay. 4. Technical Data. 1. General. 2. Type Designation. 3. Features. Item Series No. I/In Operating time Tp Test condition
s elays C US N Thermal Overload elay. General. Certificates: CB,CE, UL, PCT, CC, VDE;. Electric ratings: C 0/0z, V, 0.~;.3 Tripping class: 0;. Mounting version: a. Plug-in: vailable for N-.,, 3, 93, 0;
More informationMaintenance/ Discontinued
oltage Regulators N7xx/N7xxF Series 3-pin positive output voltage regulator ( type) Overview The N7xx series and the N7xxF series are 3- pin, fixed positive output type monolithic voltage regulators. Stabilized
More informationPresco AG. Standard Air Capacitor 10 nf / 2 kv. Type CL-0N10-K201. User's manual
Zürcherstrasse 70 -CH 8104 Weiningen Tel. + 41 44 750 63 63 Fax + 41 44 750 63 66 P.O. Box 155 Switzerland Email info@prescoag.com Internet : www.prescoag.com Standard Air Capacitor 10 nf / 2 kv Type CL-0N10-K201
More informationALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS Capacitor Life
1 of 8 5/12/2008 10:23 PM Home About Us Products Contact Us Info Other Links Aluminum Part # Search ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS Capacitor Life Table of Contents Capacitor Life The life of aluminum
More informationRF Power Feed-Through Capacitors with Conductor Rod, Class 1 Ceramic
DB 06030, DB 06040, DB 06060 RF Power Feed-Through Capacitors with Conductor Rod, Class Ceramic FEATURES Small size Geometry minimizes inductance Wide range of capacitance values APPLICATIONS Filtering
More informationPower System Analysis Prof. A. K. Sinha Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
Power System Analysis Prof. A. K. Sinha Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture - 9 Transmission Line Steady State Operation Welcome to lesson 9, in Power
More informationKEY COMPONENTS FOR POWER FACTOR CORRECTION IN 50Hz MAINS
www.electronicon.com KEY COMPONENTS FOR POWER FACTOR CORRECTION IN 50Hz MAINS FACTORY MATCHED TO OPERATE IN PERFECT HARMONY CHECK OUR SPECIAL CATALOGUE MSD TM FKD-MV TM DSC TM FOR POWER FACTOR CORRECTION
More informationHTS Roadmap for the Electric Power Sector Brian Marchionini
IEA Technology Collaboration Program on High-Temperature Superconductivity (IEA HTS TCP) HTS Roadmap for the Electric Power Sector 2015-2030 Brian Marchionini 5 September 2016 Denver, Colorado USA 2012
More informationHarmonic Modeling of Networks
Harmonic Modeling of Networks Thomas H. Ortmeyer ECE Dept. Clarkson University Potsdam, NY 13699-5720 M. Fayyaz Akram Dept. of Elec. Eng. Univ. of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Pakistan Takashi Hiyama
More informationAluminum Capacitors Power Printed Wiring Style
FEATURES Polarized aluminum electrolytic capacitors, non-solid electrolyte Large types, cylindrical aluminum case, insulated Provided with keyed polarity Very long useful life: 000 h at 8 C Low ESR, high
More informationAnalyzing & Testing. Photocalorimetry Photo-DSC. Method, Technique, Applications. Photo-DSC 204 F1. Leading Thermal Analysis
Analyzing & Testing Photocalorimetry Photo-DSC Method, Technique, Applications Photo-DSC 204 F1 Leading Thermal Analysis Photo-DSC 204 F1 Phoenix Method and Technique Advantages of Photocalorimetry Besides
More informationRS INDUSTRY LIMITED. RS Chip Array ESD Suppressor APPROVAL SHEET. Customer Information. Part No. : Model No. : COMPANY PURCHASE R&D
APPROVAL SHEET Customer Information Customer : Part Name : Part No. : Model No. : COMPANY PURCHASE R&D Vendor Information Name: RS INDUSTRY LIMITED Part Name ARRAY TYPE MULTILAYER VARISTOR Part No. RS
More informationSuperTan Extended (STE) Capacitors, Wet Tantalum Capacitors with Hermetic Seal
SuperTan Extended () Capacitors, Wet Tantalum Capacitors with Hermetic Seal FEATURES SuperTan Extended () represents a major breakthrough in wet tantalum capacitor Available technology. Its unique cathode
More informationConstruction and Characteristics of
Functional Polymer Aluminum Solid Electrolytic Capacitors Construction and Characteristics of Construction of Al Foil Case Al Foil Functional Polymer (&Separator) Sealing Rubber Lead ( - ) Lead ( + ) FPCAP
More informationMitigation of Diesel Generator Vibrations in Nuclear Applications Antti Kangasperko. FSD3020xxx-x_01-00
Mitigation of Diesel Generator Vibrations in Nuclear Applications Antti Kangasperko FSD3020xxx-x_01-00 1 Content Introduction Vibration problems in EDGs Sources of excitation 2 Introduction Goal of this
More informationUNIVERSITY OF BOLTON SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING MSC SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT SEMESTER 2 EXAMINATION 2015/20016
TW63 UNIVERSITY OF BOLTON SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING MSC SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT SEMESTER 2 EXAMINATION 2015/20016 MONITORING OF MECHANICAL SYSTEMS MODULE NO: EEM7018 Date: Thursday 19
More informationPractical Aspects of MIL-DTL Appendix A Initiator Testing. Barry Neyer NDIA Fuze Conference May 14 th 2008
Practical Aspects of MIL-DTL-23659 Appendix A Initiator Testing Barry Neyer NDIA Fuze Conference May 14 th 2008 The following discussion is the opinion of the author. It does not necessarily represent
More information8.2 AG Die Sachverständigen für
8.2 Consulting AG Solarpraxis / 23.04.2010 / Christian Schram/ 8.2 Ingenieurbüro Schram, München in Vertretung für 8.2 Ingenieurpartnerschaft Obst & Ziehmann 8.2 AG! 8.2 Büros! 15 x Deutschland! Frankreich!
More informationIntermediates. THF Solutions. Expanded Tetrahydrofuran Offer for Pharma Customers in Europe
Intermediates THF Solutions Expanded Tetrahydrofuran Offer for Pharma Customers in Europe BASF We create chemistry About BASF At BASF, we create chemistry and have been doing so for 150 years. Our portfolio
More informationInstruction. Vacuum Circuit Breaker Operator Module. Type 3AH 4.16kV to 38kV. Power Transmission & Distribution
Instruction 0001-22-2--00 Vacuum Circuit Breaker Operator Module Type 3AH 4.16kV to 38kV Power Transmission & Distribution Hazardous voltages and high-speed moving parts. Will cause death, serious injury
More informationACCELERATED AGEING TESTS OF ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS FOR EVALUATING LIFETIME PREDICTION MODELS
ACCELERATED AGEING TESTS OF ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS FOR EVALUATING LIFETIME PREDICTION MODELS Rajmond JÁNÓ Dan PITICĂ Applied Electronics Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca 26-28
More information