THEORETICAL RESERVOIR MODELS
|
|
- Brittany Gibson
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 THEORETICAL RESERVOIR MODELS TIME EARLY TIME MIDDLE TIME AREA OF INTEREST NEAR WELLBORE RESERVOIR MODELS Wellbore storage and Skin Infinite conductivity vertical fracture Finite conductivity vertical fracture Partial penetrating (limited entry) well Horizontal well Homogeneous Double porosity Double permeability Radial composite Linear composite Infinite lateral extent LATE TIME RESERVOIR BOUNDARIES Single boundary Wedge (two intersecting boundaries) Channel (two parallel boundaries) Circular boundary! Sealing! Constant pressure! Sealing! Constant pressure Composite rectangle! Sealing! Constant pressure! No boundary
2 Early Time Models (1) Wellbore storage and Skin (2) Infinite conductivity vertical fracture Area of Interest: NEAR WELLBORE (3) Finite conductivity vertical fracture (4) Partial penetrating (limited entry) well (5) Horizontal well
3 (1) Wellbore storage and Skin Early Time Models Assumptions A well is generally characterized by a constant W.B.S. which governs the production due to wellbore fluid decompression/compression when the well is opened or closed in. Log - log response Both the pressure and the derivative curves follow a straight line of unit slope (n=1) until the pressure disturbance is in the wellbore (pure wellbore storage). Afterwards, the derivative passes through a hump until the wellbore effects become negligible. Parameter: C, wellbore storage constant; S, formation permeability damage (skin) In case of multiphase flow at the wellbore it is possible to have a changing WBS option The magnitude depends upon the type of completion (surface/downhole shut-in)
4 Early Time Models q surface flowrate q surface flowrate drawdown build-up sandface flowrate sandface flowrate time time log p log p' log t
5 Early Time Models (2) Infinite conductivity vertical fracture Assumptions The well intercepts a single vertical fracture plane. The flowlines pattern is orthogonal to the fracture and the transient pressure response defines a linear flow in the reservoir. The well is at the center of the fracture and there are no p losses along the fracture length. Log - log response The pressure and the derivative curves are parallel and they both follow a straight line with slope equal to n = 0.5. The derivative pressure values are half of the pressure values. Parameter: x f, fracture half length Specialized plot The linear flow has no particular shape on a semi-log plot. It is only detected on the specialized plot p -vs-( t) 0.5
6 Early Time Models no p losses along the fracture length X f log p log p' Linear flow 1/2 log t
7 Assumptions (3) Finite conductivity vertical fracture The well intercepts a single vertical fracture plane. The flowlines pattern is orthogonal to the fracture and along the fracture length. The transient pressure response defines bilinear flow in the reservoir. The well is at the center of the fracture and there are p lossesalong the fracture length. Log - log response Early Time Models The pressure and the derivative curves are parallel and they both follow a straight line with slope equal to n = Afterwards, the response starts to be linear with slope n = 0.5. Bilinear flow is a very early time feature and it is often masked by WBS effects. Parameter: x f, fracture half length ; x fx w, fracture conductivity Specialized plot The linear flow has no particular shape on a semi-log plot. It is only detected on the specialized plot p -vs-( t) 0.25
8 Early Time Models p losses along the fracture length X f log p log p' Linear flow Bilinear flow log t
9 Assumptions The well produces from a perforated interval smaller than the total producing interval. This produces spherical or hemispherical flow depending on the position of the opened interval with respect to the upper and lower boundaries. Log - log response (4) Partial penetrating well Early Time Models At very early times a first radial flow, relative to the perforated interval, may establish. This is often masked by WBS effects. Then spherical flow develops and, correspondingly, the derivative curve exhibits a n =- 0.5 slope. Eventually, later on, the radial flow in the full formation is achieved. Parameter: k z /k r, vertical to radial permeability ratio; S, permeability damage (skin) relative to the perforated interval Specialized plot The spherical flow has no particular shape on a semi-log plot. It is only detected on the specialized plot p -vs-( t) 0.5
10 Early Time Models log p log p' Spherical flow -1/2 log t
11 Early Time Models Impact of anisotropy on spherical flow log p log p' log t
12 Assumptions (5) Horizontal well The well is strictly horizontal and the vertical or slanted section is not perforated. There is no flow parallel to the horizontal well. Both the top and the bottom of the formation are sealing. Log - log response Early Time Models At first radial flow may establish in a plane orthogonal to the horizontal well with an anisotropic permeability k = (k z k r ) 0.5. When the top/bottom boundaries are reached, linear flow with a n = 0.5 slope is achieved. Later on, horizontal radial flow develops in the formation. Parameter: k z /k r, vertical to radial permeability ratio; L, producing horizontal well length; S, formation permeability damage (skin); formation k r h Specialized plot The radial flow regimes can be analyzed on a semi-log plot. The linear flow regime is only detected on the specialized plot p -vs -( t) 0.5.
13 log t Early Time Models log p log p' LINEAR FLOW (1/2 slope) RADIAL FLOW (Horizontal line) EARLY RADIAL FLOW (Horizontal line)
14 Middle Time Models (1) Homogeneous (2) Double porosity Area of Interest: RESERVOIR (3) Double permeability (4) Radial composite (5) Linear composite
15 (1) Homogeneous Middle Time Models Assumptions The reservoir is homogeneous, isotropic and has constant thickness. Log - log response At early times the pressure response is under the influence of WBS effects (n=1). When infinite acting radial flow (I.A.R.F) is established in the formation, the pressure derivative stabilizes and follows a horizontal line. Parameters: formation kh; S, formation permeability damage (skin) Specialized plot On a semi-log plot (Horner plot) the points corresponding to the horizontal trend of the derivative follow a straight line of slope m.
16 Middle Time Models log p log p' I.A.R.F. log t Pressure I.A.R.F. Horner time
17 (2) Double porosity Middle Time Models Assumptions Two distinct porous media are interacting in the reservoir: the matrix blocks, with high storativity and low permeability and the fissures system, with low storativity and high permeability. Main points: The fissures system is assumed to be uniformly distributed throughout the reservoir The matrix is not producing directly into the wellbore, but only into the fissures Only the fissure system provides the total mobility, but the matrix blocks supply most of the storage capacity.
18 Middle Time Models Parameters definition Total porosity, φ t : φ t = φ f + φ m (0.01 < φ f < 1%) Total kh : kh = (kh) f (fissure system only) Storativity ratio, ω: defines the contribution of the fissure system to the total system ω = [φvc t ] f / [(φvc t ) f + (φvc t ) m ] (0.001< ω <0.1) Interporosity flow, λ: defines the ability of the matrix to flow into the fissures λ = α r w 2 (K m / K f ) ( 10-4 < λ < 10-9 ) where α is related to the geometry of the fissure network
19 Middle Time Models A double porosity response depends upon: contrast between the parameters of the matrix and fissures (φ, k) communication degree between matrix and fissures (interface skin) Two types of flow regimes from matrix to fissures are considered: a) Restricted flow conditions (pseudo steady state regime: Skin > 0) The matrix response is slower b) Unrestricted flow conditions (transient regime: Skin = 0) The matrix response is faster
20 Middle Time Models Double porosity: restricted flow conditions (S>0) In this model, also called pseudo steady interporosity flow, it is assumed that the fissures are partially plugged and that the flow from the matrix is restricted by a skin damage at the surface of the blocks. Log - Log response Three different regimes can be observed during welltest: 1) At early times only the fissures flow into the well. The contribution of the matrix is negligible. This corresponds to the homogeneous behavior of the fissure system. 2) At intermediate times the matrix starts to produce into the fissures until the pressure tends to stabilize. This corresponds to a transition flow regime. 3) Later, the matrix pressure equalizes the pressure of the surrounding fissures. This corresponds to the homogeneous behavior of the total system (matrix and fissures).
21 log t Middle Time Models FISSURES Pressure Horner time log p log p' FEEDING MATRIX λ ω
22 Middle Time Models Wellbore storage effect on fissure flow identification log p log p' log t
23 Middle Time Models Double porosity: unrestricted flow conditions (S=0) In this model, also called transient interporosity flow, it is assumed that there is no skin damage at the surface of the matrix blocks. The matrix reacts immediately to any change in pressure in the fissure system and the first fissure homogeneous regime is often not seen. Log - Log response Only two different regimes can be observed during the welltest: 1) At early times, both the matrix and the fissure are producing, but pressure change is faster in the fissures than in the matrix.this corresponds to a transition flow regime. 2) Later, the matrix pressure equalizes the pressure of the surrounding fissures. This corresponds to the homogeneous behavior of the total system (matrix and fissures).
24 Middle Time Models log p log p' (kh) 2 = 1/2 (kh) 1 (kh) 1 slabs log t
25 Middle Time Models (3) Double permeability Assumptions Stratified reservoirs, where layers with different characteristics can be identified and grouped as two distinct porous media, are interacting with their own permeability and porosity. The double - permeability behavior is observed when crossflow establishes in the reservoir between the two porous media (main layers). Main points : In each homogeneous layer the flow is radial. In multilayer reservoirs the high k layers are grouped by convention into Layer 1 while Layer 2 describes the low k or tighter zones. The two layers can produce either simultaneously or separately into the well. Crossflow always goes from the lower K layer to the higher K layer.
26 Middle Time Models Parameters definition Total Kh : (kh) tot = (kh) 1 + (kh) 2 Mobility ratio κ : defines the contribution of the high K layer to the total Kh κ = (kh) 1 / [(kh) 1 + (kh) 2 ] if κ = 1 there is double φ Storativity ratio, ϖ: defines the contribution of the high K layer to the total storativity ω = [φhc t ] 1 /[(φhc t ) 1 + (φhc t ) 2 ] Interlayer crossflow, λ : defines the effect of vertical crossflow between layers λ = A r w 2 /[(kh) 1 + (kh) 2 ] if λ =0 there is no crossflow where A defines the vertical resistance to flow and is function of the vertical permeability, k z between layers.
27 Middle Time Models Double permeability with interlayer crossflow Anywhere in the reservoir, the interlayer crossfiow is proportional to the pressure difference between the two layers. Log - Log response Three different regimes can be observed during the welltest: 1) At early times, the layers are producing independently and the behavior corresponds to two layers without crossflow. 2) At intermediate times, when the fluid flow between the layers is activated, the pressure response follows a transition flow regime. 3) Later, the pressure equalizes in the two layers. This corresponds to the homogeneous behavior of the total system.
28 log t Middle Time Models LAYER 1 LAYER 2 (kh) 1 (kh) 2 (kh) 1 >(kh) 2 log p log p' No crossflow if λ = 0
29 (4) Radial composite (lnt( lnt/2) Middle Time Models Assumptions The well is at the center of a circular homogeneous zone of radius r i (inner region), communicating with an infinite homogeneous reservoir (outer region). The inner and the outer zones have different reservoir and/or fluid properties. There is no pressure loss at the radial interface r i. This R.C. model is characterized by a change in mobility and storativity in the radial direction. Parameters definition " Mobility Ratio, M : M = (kh/µ) 1 /(kh/µ) 2 " Storativity Ratio, D : D = (φhc t ) 1 /(φhc t ) 2 Log - log response The two reservoir regions are seen in sequence: 1) The pressure behavior describes the homogeneous regime in the inner region (kh/µ) 1 2) After a transition, a second homogeneous regime is achieved in the outer region (kh/µ) 2
30 log t Middle Time Models log p log p' (kh) 1
31 Assumptions (5) Linear composite (no lnt/2) The well is in a homogeneous infinite reservoir, but in one direction there is a change in reservoir and/or fluid properties. There is no pressure loss at the linear interface L 1 This L.C. model is characterized by a change in mobility and storativity in the linear direction. Parameters definition # Mobility Ratio, M : M = (kh/µ) 1 /(kh/µ) 2 # Storativity Ratio, D : D = (φhc t ) 1 /(φhc t ) 2 Log - log response The two reservoir regions are seen in sequence: Middle Time Models 1) The pressure behavior describes the homogeneous regime in the inner region (Kh/µ) 1 2) After a transition, a second homogeneous regime is achieved in the outer region. The average mobility of the two zones is defined as: [(kh/µ) 1 +(kh/µ) 2 ]/2
32 Middle Time Models log p log p' (kh) 1-1 log t
33 Late Time Models (1) (1) Infinite lateral extent (2) (2) Single boundary Area of Interest: RESERVOIR BOUNDARIES (3) (3) Wedge (intersecting boundaries) (4) (4) Channel (parallel boundaries) (5) (5) Circular boundary (6) (6) Composite rectangle
34 Late Time Models Assumptions One linear fault, located at some distance from the producing well, limits the reservoir extension in one direction (sealing), or provides a pressure support in one direction (water drive constant pressure). Parameters Boundary distance from the well, d Single boundary Log - log response Before the boundary is reached the reservoir response shows infinite homogeneous behavior (I.A.R.F.). Two possible cases may exist: 1) sealing fault : after the boundary is felt the reservoir behavior is equivalent to an infinite system with a permeability half of the initial response permeability. On the Horner plot, the presence of a sealing boundary is shown by the doubled straight line slope : m 2 = 2m 1 2) constant pressure : the water drive support produces a constant well pressure response. After the first radial flow regime, the derivative drops with slope n = -1.
35 Late Time Models m 2 = 2 m 1 Pressure m 2 = 0 m 1 Horner time log p log p' (kh) 2 = 1/2 (kh) 1 (kh) 1-1 log t
36 Assumptions Late Time Models Intersecting boundaries (Wedge) Two intersecting boundaries, sealing or constant pressure, located at some distance from the producing well, limit the reservoir extension in two directions. The intersection angle θ is always less then 180. The well is in any position between the two barriers. Parameters: Distances from well to boundaries, d 1 and d 2 Log - log response Intersection angle: θ = 2π π [m [ 1 / m 2 ] Before the boundaries are reached the reservoir response shows the first infinite homogeneous behavior (I.A.R.F.) with a permeability of k 1. The radial flow duration is a function of the location of the well between the two boundaries. Two cases may exist: 1) two sealing faults: when both the boundaries are reached, the reservoir behavior is equivalent to an infinite system with a permeability: k 2 = (θ /2π) k 1 2) constant pressure: If one (or both) of the boundaries is water drive, the pressure stabilizes and the derivative drops.
37 Late Time Models θ 2 d WELL CENTERED WELL OFF-CENTERED d 2 log p log p' (kh) 3 =θ/2π(kh) 1 (kh) 2 =1/2(kh) 1 (kh) 1 log t
38 Late Time Models Assumptions Parallel boundaries (Channel) Two parallel boundaries, sealing or constant pressure, located at some distance from the producing well, limit the reservoir extension in two opposite directions. In the other directions the reservoir is of infinite extent. The well is in any position between the two boundaries. Parameters: Boundary distances from the well, d 1 and d 2 Log - log response Before the boundaries are reached the reservoir response shows infinite homogeneous behavior (I.A.R.F.). The radial flow duration is a function of the location of the well in the channel. Two possible cases may exist: 1) two sealing fault: when the boundaries are reached, a linear flow regime (n = 0.5) establishes. The linear flow is detected on the specialized plot p -vs-( t) 0.5 2) constant pressure: If one (or both) of the boundaries is water drive, the pressure stabilizes and the derivative drops.
39 Late Time Models WELL CENTERED 2 WELL OFF-CENTERED log p log p' 1/2 (kh) 2 = 1/2 (kh) 1 (kh) 1 log t
40 Late Time Models Closed reservoir (composite boundaries) Assumptions The closed system behavior is characteristic of bounded reservoirs. Only the rectangular reservoir shape is here considered and each side can be either a sealing barrier, a constant pressure boundary or at infinity (i.e.: no boundary). Parameters : Boundaries distances from the well d 1, d 2, d 3, d 4 Log - log response Before the boundaries are reached the reservoir response first shows the infinite homogeneous behavior (I.A.R.F.). The radial flow duration is a function of the location of the well inside the rectangular area. Depending upon the type of the existing barriers, boundaries can be: 1) sealing faults : The effect of each sealing fault is seen according to its distance from the well. If all the sealing boundaries are reached, a closed system is then defined and pseudo steady-state conditions apply (i.e.: the flowing pressure is linearly proportional to time ).
41 Late Time Models A closed system is characterized by a loss of pressure (depletion) in the reservoir, expressed as : p = p i -p avg The pressure behavior of closed systems is totally different during drawdown and build-up periods: drawdown derivative : when all the sealing boundaries are reached both the pressure and the derivative curve follow a unit slope (n = 1) straight line. On the specialized Cartesian plot p-vs-time, the flowing pressure is a linear function of time. build-up derivative : when all the sealing boundaries are reached the reservoir pressure tends to stabilize at the average reservoir pressure p avg and, as a consequence, the derivative curve drops.
42 Late Time Models r e log p log p' log t
43 Late Time Models 2) Constant pressure : If any of the sides acts as a constant pressure boundary, due to water drive support, the loglog pressure curve tends to stabilize and the derivative drops. Only the sealing faults closer to the well may be felt but, when the effect of pressure support start to act, any other sealing boundary is masked. Because no depletion is present in this case, the pressure derivative trend is the same for both the build-up and drawdown periods.
44 Late Time Models log p log p' log t
45 Late Time Models log p log p' SEALING CONSTANT PRESSURE log t
XYZ COMPANY LTD. Prepared For: JOHN DOE. XYZ et al Knopcik 100/ W5/06 PAS-TRG. Dinosaur Park Formation
All depths reported in mkb TVD per EUB requirements. All pressures reported in (a) per EUB requirements. 9.01 used as atmospheric pressure adjustment to convert from gauge to absolute pressure. XYZ COMPANY
More informationWell Test Interpretation
Well Test Interpretation Schlumberger 2002 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transcribed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
More informationSPE Well Test Analysis for Wells Producing Layered Reservoirs With Crossflow
SPE 10262 Well Test Analysis for Wells Producing Layered Reservoirs With Crossflow Prijambodo, R.,U. of Tulsa Raghavan, R., U. of Tulsa Reynolds, A.C., U. of Tulsa 1985 SPEJ Abstract The pressure response
More informationPressure Transient Analysis COPYRIGHT. Introduction to Pressure Transient Analysis. This section will cover the following learning objectives:
Pressure Transient Analysis Core Introduction to Pressure Transient Analysis This section will cover the following learning objectives: Describe pressure transient analysis (PTA) and explain its objectives
More informationFaculty of Science and Technology MASTER S THESIS
Study program/ Specialization: Faculty of Science and Technology MASTER S THESIS MSc Petroleum Engineering / Reservoir Engineering Spring semester, 2015 Open access Writer: Mahmoud S M Alaassar (Writer
More informationFigure 1 - Gauges Overlay & Difference Plot
BONAVISTA PETROLEUM LTD. Figure 1 - Gauges Overlay & Difference Plot 10 20700 8 18400 6 16100 4 13800 2 11500 0 9200-2 6900-4 4600-6 2300 0-8 Bottom Gauge Defference Top Gauge 0 10 20 30 40 50 Time (hours)
More informationInflow Performance 1
1 Contents 1. Introduction 2. The Radial Flow Equation 3. Straight Line Inflow Performance Relationship 4. Vogel Inflow Performance Relationship 5. Other Inflow Performance Relationship 6. Establishing
More informationRadius of Investigation for Reserve Estimation From Pressure Transient Well Tests
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/559655 Radius of Investigation for Reserve Estimation From Pressure Transient Well Tests Article
More informationOil and Gas Well Performance
Oil and Gas Well Performance Presented By: Jebraeel Gholinezhad Agenda 1. Introduction 2. Fandamentals 3. Oil Well Performance 4. Gas Well Performance 5. Tubing Flow Performance 6. Artificial Lift Systems
More informationIMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON
IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON Department of Earth Science and Engineering Centre for Petroleum Studies Skin Uncertainty in Multi-Layered Commingled Reservoirs with Non- Uniform Formation Damage By Sudhakar Mishra
More informationCOMPARISON OF SINGLE, DOUBLE, AND TRIPLE LINEAR FLOW MODELS FOR SHALE GAS/OIL RESERVOIRS. A Thesis VARTIT TIVAYANONDA
COMPARISON OF SINGLE, DOUBLE, AND TRIPLE LINEAR FLOW MODELS FOR SHALE GAS/OIL RESERVOIRS A Thesis by VARTIT TIVAYANONDA Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment
More informationFlow of Non-Newtonian Fluids within a Double Porosity Reservoir under Pseudosteady State Interporosity Transfer Conditions
SPE-185479-MS Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids within a Double Porosity Reservoir under Pseudosteady State Interporosity Transfer Conditions J. R. Garcia-Pastrana, A. R. Valdes-Perez, and T. A. Blasingame,
More informationThe SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe
Primary funding is provided by The SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe The Society is grateful to those companies that allow their professionals to serve as
More informationWell Test Interpretation SKM4323 RESERVOIR BOUNDARIES. Azmi Mohd Arshad Department of Petroleum Engineering
Well Test Interpretation SKM4323 RESERVOIR BOUNDARIES Azmi Mohd Arshad Department of Petroleum Engineering WEEK 08 LINEAR SEALING FAULTS Description Description /2 The boundary condition corresponding
More informationPetroleum Engineering 324 Well Performance Daily Summary Sheet Spring 2009 Blasingame/Ilk. Date: Materials Covered in Class Today: Comment(s):
Petroleum Engineering 324 Well Performance Daily Summary Sheet Spring 2009 Blasingame/Ilk Date: Materials Covered in Class Today: Comment(s): Petroleum Engineering 324 (2009) Reservoir Performance Analysis
More informationReservoir Flow Properties Fundamentals COPYRIGHT. Introduction
Reservoir Flow Properties Fundamentals Why This Module is Important Introduction Fundamental understanding of the flow through rocks is extremely important to understand the behavior of the reservoir Permeability
More informationPetroleum Engineering 324 Reservoir Performance. Objectives of Well Tests Review of Petrophysics Review of Fluid Properties 29 January 2007
Petroleum Engineering 324 Reservoir Performance Objectives of Well Tests Review of Petrophysics Review of Fluid Properties 29 January 2007 Thomas A. Blasingame, Ph.D., P.E. Department of Petroleum Engineering
More informationMASTER S THESIS. Faculty of Science and Technology. Study program/ Specialization: Spring semester, Petroleum Engineering/ Reservoir Technology
Faculty of Science and Technology MASTER S THESIS Study program/ Specialization: Petroleum Engineering/ Reservoir Technology Spring semester, 2014 Open / Restricted access Writer: Hans Marius Roscher Faculty
More informationPressure-Transient Behavior of DoublePorosity Reservoirs with Transient Interporosity Transfer with Fractal Matrix Blocks
SPE-190841-MS Pressure-Transient Behavior of DoublePorosity Reservoirs with Transient Interporosity Transfer with Fractal Matrix Blocks Alex R. Valdes-Perez and Thomas A. Blasingame, Texas A&M University
More informationPetroleum Engineering 324 Well Performance Daily Summary Sheet Spring 2009 Blasingame/Ilk. Date: Materials Covered in Class Today: Comment(s):
Petroleum Engineering 324 Well Performance Daily Summary Sheet Sring 2009 Blasingame/Ilk Date: Materials Covered in Class Today: Comment(s): Pressure Transient Analysis Pressure Buildu Test Analysis Lee
More informationReservoir Management Background OOIP, OGIP Determination and Production Forecast Tool Kit Recovery Factor ( R.F.) Tool Kit
Reservoir Management Background 1. OOIP, OGIP Determination and Production Forecast Tool Kit A. Volumetrics Drainage radius assumption. B. Material Balance Inaccurate when recovery factor ( R.F.) < 5 to
More informationChapter Seven. For ideal gases, the ideal gas law provides a precise relationship between density and pressure:
Chapter Seven Horizontal, steady-state flow of an ideal gas This case is presented for compressible gases, and their properties, especially density, vary appreciably with pressure. The conditions of the
More informationPetroleum Engineering 324 Reservoir Performance. Objectives of Well Tests Review of Petrophysics Review of Fluid Properties 19 January 2007
Petroleum Engineering 324 Reservoir Performance Objectives of Well Tests Review of Petrophysics Review of Fluid Properties 19 January 2007 Thomas A. Blasingame, Ph.D., P.E. Department of Petroleum Engineering
More informationINTEGRATION OF WELL TEST ANALYSIS INTO A NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIR SIMULATION. A Thesis LAURA ELENA PEREZ GARCIA
INTEGRATION OF WELL TEST ANALYSIS INTO A NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIR SIMULATION A Thesis by LAURA ELENA PEREZ GARCIA Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment
More informationEvaluation and Forecasting Performance of Naturally Fractured Reservoir Using Production Data Inversion.
Evaluation and Forecasting Performance of Naturally Fractured Reservoir Using Production Data Inversion. T. Marhaendrajana, S. Rachmat, and K. Anam; Institut Teknologi Bandung. I. ABSTRACT Many oil and
More informationFracture-matrix transfer function in fractured porous media
Fluid Structure Interaction VII 109 Fracture-matrix transfer function in fractured porous media A. J. Mahmood Department of Chemical Industries, Al-Anbar Technical Institute, Iraq Abstract One of the mathematical
More informationA modern concept simplifying the interpretation of pumping tests M. Stundner, G. Zangl & F. Komlosi
A modern concept simplifying the interpretation of pumping tests M. Stundner, G. Zangl & F. Komlosi Austria E-mail: listen+talk(a),magnet.at Abstract A thorough analysis of hydrologic pumping tests requires
More information(Page 2 of 7) Reservoir Petrophysics: Introduction to Geology (continued) Be familiar with Reservoir Petrophysics (continued)... Slides Reservoi
(Page 1 of 7) Introduction to Reservoir Engineering: Be familiar with the World Oil Resources...Slides 3-4 Be familiar with the Reservoir Structure/Depositional Environments... Slide 5 Be familiar with
More informationRate Transient Analysis COPYRIGHT. Introduction. This section will cover the following learning objectives:
Learning Objectives Rate Transient Analysis Core Introduction This section will cover the following learning objectives: Define the rate time analysis Distinguish between traditional pressure transient
More informationNumerical Simulation of Single-Phase and Multiphase Non-Darcy Flow in Porous and Fractured Reservoirs
Transport in Porous Media 49: 209 240, 2002. 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. 209 Numerical Simulation of Single-Phase and Multiphase Non-Darcy Flow in Porous and Fractured
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CALGARY. A New Method For Production Data Analysis Using Superposition-Rate. Peter Yue Liang A THESIS
UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY A New Method For Production Data Analysis Using Superposition-Rate by Peter Yue Liang A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
More informationAn approximate analytical solution for non-darcy flow toward a well in fractured media
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, VOL. 38, NO. 3, 1023, 10.1029/2001WR000713, 2002 An approximate analytical solution for non-arcy flow toward a well in fractured media Yu-Shu Wu Earth Sciences ivision, Lawrence
More informationPET467E-Analysis of Well Pressure Tests 2008 Spring/İTÜ HW No. 5 Solutions
. Onur 13.03.2008 PET467E-Analysis of Well Pressure Tests 2008 Spring/İTÜ HW No. 5 Solutions Due date: 21.03.2008 Subject: Analysis of an dradon test ith ellbore storage and skin effects by using typecurve
More informationCENG 501 Examination Problem: Estimation of Viscosity with a Falling - Cylinder Viscometer
CENG 501 Examination Problem: Estimation of Viscosity with a Falling - Cylinder Viscometer You are assigned to design a fallingcylinder viscometer to measure the viscosity of Newtonian liquids. A schematic
More information2. Standing's Method for Present IPR
Koya University College of Engineering School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Petroleum Engineering Department Petroleum Production Engineering II Predicting Present and Future IPRs (Standing Method).
More informationPressure Transient data Analysis of Fractal Reservoir with Fractional Calculus for Reservoir Characterization
P-408 Summary Pressure Transient data Analysis of Fractal Reservoir with Fractional Calculus for Reservoir Characterization Asha S. Mishra* and S. K. Mishra 1 The present paper describes the pressure transient
More informationANALYZING ANISOTROPY IN PERMEABILITY AND SKIN USING TEMPERATURE TRANSIENT ANALYSIS
ANALYZING ANISOTROPY IN PERMEABILITY AND SKIN USING TEMPERATURE TRANSIENT ANALYSIS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESOURCES ENGINEERING OF STANFORD UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
More informationThe SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe
Primary funding is provided by The SPE Foundation through member donations and a contribution from Offshore Europe The Society is grateful to those companies that allow their professionals to serve as
More informationCoalbed Methane Properties
Coalbed Methane Properties Subtopics: Permeability-Pressure Relationship Coal Compressibility Matrix Shrinkage Seidle and Huitt Palmer and Mansoori Shi and Durucan Constant Exponent Permeability Incline
More informationA NOVEL APPROACH FOR THE RAPID ESTIMATION OF DRAINAGE VOLUME, PRESSURE AND WELL RATES. A Thesis NEHA GUPTA
A NOVEL APPROACH FOR THE RAPID ESTIMATION OF DRAINAGE VOLUME, PRESSURE AND WELL RATES A Thesis by NEHA GUPTA Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of
More information18 Single vertical fractures
18 Single vertical fractures 18.1 Introduction If a well intersects a single vertical fracture, the aquifer s unsteady drawdown response to pumping differs significantly from that predicted by the Theis
More informationRate Transient Analysis Theory/Software Course
Rate Transient Analysis Theory/Software Course RTA Theory / Software Course: Part 1 Introduction Review of Traditional Decline Analysis Techniues Arps Fetkovich Modern Decline Analysis Theory Pseudo S.S.
More informationPropagation of Radius of Investigation from Producing Well
UESO #200271 (EXP) [ESO/06/066] Received:? 2006 (November 26, 2006) Propagation of Radius of Investigation from Producing Well B.-Z. HSIEH G. V. CHILINGAR Z.-S. LIN QUERY SHEET Q1: Au: Please review your
More informationPetroleum Engineering 613 Natural Gas Engineering. Texas A&M University. Lecture 07: Wellbore Phenomena
Petroleum Engineering 613 Natural Gas Engineering Texas A&M University Lecture 07: T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U. Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843-3116
More informationPetroleum Engineering 324 Well Performance Daily Summary Sheet Spring 2009 Blasingame/Ilk. Date: Materials Covered in Class Today: Comment(s):
Petroleum Engineering 324 Well Performance Daily Summary Sheet Spring 2009 Blasingame/Ilk Date: Materials Covered in Class Today: Comment(s): Pressure Transient Analysis Pressure Buildup Test Analysis
More informationChapter 4 TRANSIENT HEAT CONDUCTION
Heat and Mass Transfer: Fundamentals & Applications Fourth Edition Yunus A. Cengel, Afshin J. Ghajar McGraw-Hill, 2011 Chapter 4 TRANSIENT HEAT CONDUCTION LUMPED SYSTEM ANALYSIS Interior temperature of
More informationUniversity of Alberta
University of Alberta PRODUCTION DATA ANALYSIS OF TIGHT HYDROCARBON RESERVOIRS by Shahab Kafeel Siddiqui A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the
More informationTRANSIENT AND PSEUDOSTEADY-STATE PRODUCTIVITY OF HYDRAULICALLY FRACTURED WELL. A Thesis ARDHI HAKIM LUMBAN GAOL
TRANSIENT AND PSEUDOSTEADY-STATE PRODUCTIVITY OF HYDRAULICALLY FRACTURED WELL A Thesis by ARDHI HAKIM LUMBAN GAOL Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment
More informationANALYSIS OF PRESSURE VARIATION OF FLUID IN BOUNDED CIRCULAR RESERVOIRS UNDER THE CONSTANT PRESSURE OUTER BOUNDARY CONDITION
Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH) Vol 36, No 1, January 2017, pp 461 468 Copyright Faculty of Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Print ISSN: 0331-8443, Electronic ISSN: 2467-8821 wwwnijotechcom
More informationPresentation of MSc s Thesis
Presentation of MSc s Thesis A Framework for Building Transient Well Testing Numerical Models Using Unstructured Grids Mohammed H. Sayyouh Professor in Petroleum Engineering Department FECU Khaled A. Abdel-Fattah
More informationUniversity of Illinois at Chicago Department of Physics. Electricity & Magnetism Qualifying Examination
University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Physics Electricity & Magnetism Qualifying Examination January 7, 28 9. am 12: pm Full credit can be achieved from completely correct answers to 4 questions.
More informationIntroduction to Formation Evaluation Abiodun Matthew Amao
Introduction to Formation Evaluation By Abiodun Matthew Amao Monday, September 09, 2013 Well Logging PGE 492 1 Lecture Outline What is formation evaluation? Why do we evaluate formation? What do we evaluate?
More informationPetrophysics. Theory and Practice of Measuring. Properties. Reservoir Rock and Fluid Transport. Fourth Edition. Djebbar Tiab. Donaldson. Erie C.
Petrophysics Theory and Practice of Measuring Reservoir Rock and Fluid Transport Properties Fourth Edition Djebbar Tiab Erie C. Donaldson ELSEVIER AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS
More informationImperial College London
Imperial College London Title Page IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON Department of Earth Science and Engineering Centre for Petroleum Studies PREDICTING WHEN CONDENSATE BANKING BECOMES VISIBLE ON BUILD-UP DERIVATIVES
More informationAgain we will consider the following one dimensional slab of porous material:
page 1 of 7 REVIEW OF BASIC STEPS IN DERIVATION OF FLOW EQUATIONS Generally speaking, flow equations for flow in porous materials are based on a set of mass, momentum and energy conservation equations,
More informationSPE Uncertainty in rock and fluid properties.
SPE 77533 Effects on Well Test Analysis of Pressure and Flowrate Noise R.A. Archer, University of Auckland, M.B. Merad, Schlumberger, T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M University Copyright 2002, Society of Petroleum
More informationHEAT CONDUCTION USING GREEN S FUNCTIONS
HEAT CONDUCTION USING GREEN S FUNCTIONS Preface to the first edition Preface to the second edition Author Biographies Nomenclature TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR SECOND EDITION December 2009 Page viii x xii xiii
More informationUnderstanding hydraulic fracture variability through a penny shaped crack model for pre-rupture faults
Penny shaped crack model for pre-rupture faults Understanding hydraulic fracture variability through a penny shaped crack model for pre-rupture faults David Cho, Gary F. Margrave, Shawn Maxwell and Mark
More informationPHYSICS 2B FINAL EXAM ANSWERS WINTER QUARTER 2010 PROF. HIRSCH MARCH 18, 2010 Problems 1, 2 P 1 P 2
Problems 1, 2 P 1 P 1 P 2 The figure shows a non-conducting spherical shell of inner radius and outer radius 2 (i.e. radial thickness ) with charge uniformly distributed throughout its volume. Prob 1:
More informationGas Rate Equation. q g C. q g C 1. where. 2πa 1 kh ln(r e /r w ) 0.75 s. T sc p sc T R C C( a 1. =1/(2π 141.2) for field units. =1 for pure SI units
Section 3 - Well Deliverability 3-1 Gas Rate Equation where q g C 1 dp µ p g B g wf q g C p wf p µ g Z dp C 2πa 1 kh ln(r e /r w ) 0.75 s C C( T sc p sc T R ) a 1 =1/(2π 141.2) for field units a 1 =1 for
More informationNational Exams May 2016
National Exams May 2016 98-Pet-A3, Fundamental Reservoir Engineering 3 hours duration NOTES: I. If doubt exists as to the interpretation of any question, the candidate is urged to submit with tile answer
More informationNon-Darcy Skin Effect with a New Boundary Condition
International Journal of Petroleum and Petrochemical Engineering (IJPPE) Volume 3, Issue 1, 2017, PP 46-53 ISSN 2454-7980 (Online) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-7980.0301007 www.arcjournals.org
More informationMath 1 packet for Coordinate Geometry part 1. Reviewing the basics. The coordinate plane
Math 1 packet for Coordinate Geometry part 1 Reviewing the basics The coordinate plane The coordinate plane (also called the Cartesian plane named after French mathematician Rene Descartes, who formalized
More informationAN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF BOILING HEAT CONVECTION WITH RADIAL FLOW IN A FRACTURE
PROCEEDINGS, Twenty-Fourth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering Stanford University, Stanford, California, January 25-27, 1999 SGP-TR-162 AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF BOILING HEAT CONVECTION
More information5) Two large metal plates are held a distance h apart, one at a potential zero, the other
Promlems 1) Find charge distribution on a grounded conducting sphere with radious R centered at the origin due to a charge q at a position (r,θ,φ) outside of the sphere. Plot the charge distribution as
More informationMeasure Twice Frac Once
Pre-frac Reservoir Characterization from Perforation Inflow Diagnostic (PID) Testing Measure Twice Frac Once Robert Hawkes Team Leader, Reservoir Services BJ Services Company Canada SPE DISTINGUISHED LECTURER
More informationREE Internal Fluid Flow Sheet 2 - Solution Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics
REE 307 - Internal Fluid Flow Sheet 2 - Solution Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics 1. Is the following flows physically possible, that is, satisfy the continuity equation? Substitute the expressions for
More informationIf your model can t do this, why run it?
FRACTURE MODEL DESIGN MODEL REQUIREMENTS Describe/Include the basic physics of all important processes Ability to predict (not just mimic) job results Provide decision making capability Understand what
More informationREAD THIS PAGE COMPLETELY BEFORE STARTING
READ THIS PAGE COMPLETELY BEFORE STARTING Exam Submission: Step 1: You are to enter your results for Problems 1-10 in e-campus (Dr. SEIDEL will provide instructions). Step 2: You are to submit a scanned
More informationENEL. ENEL - Gruppo Minerario Larderello, Italy. At present our model considers a non-penetrating wellbore as it will
PROGRESS REPORT ON A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A PARALLELEPIPED RESERVOIR WITH NO PENETRATING WELLBORE AND MIXED BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ENEL A. Barelli and G. Manetti Centro Ricerca Geotermica, Pisa, Italy R.
More informationAMPERE'S LAW. B dl = 0
AMPERE'S LAW The figure below shows a basic result of an experiment done by Hans Christian Oersted in 1820. It shows the magnetic field produced by a current in a long, straight length of current-carrying
More informationWATER INFLUX. Hassan S. Naji, Professor,
WATER INFLUX Many reservoirs are bound on a portion or all of their peripheries by water-bearing rocks called aquifers. The aquifer may be so large compared to the reservoir size as to appear infinite,
More informationA Course in Fluid Flow in Petroleum Reservoirs Syllabus Thomas A. Blasingame Petroleum Engineering/Texas A&M University Spring 2005
Instructor: Thomas A. Blasingame, P.E., Ph.D. Phone: +1.979.845.2292 Department of Petroleum Engineering Fax: +1.979.845.7142 Texas A&M University E-mail: t-blasingame@tamu.edu College Station, TX 77843-3116
More informationQ1. A wave travelling along a string is described by
Coordinator: Saleem Rao Wednesday, May 24, 2017 Page: 1 Q1. A wave travelling along a string is described by y( x, t) = 0.00327 sin(72.1x 2.72t) In which all numerical constants are in SI units. Find the
More informationMath 8 Honors Coordinate Geometry part 1 Unit Updated July 29, 2016
Reviewing the basics The number line A number line is a visual representation of all real numbers. Each of the images below are examples of number lines. The top left one includes only positive whole numbers,
More information1 Current Flow Problems
Physics 704 Notes Sp 08 Current Flow Problems The current density satisfies the charge conservation equation (notes eqn 7) thusinasteadystate, is solenoidal: + =0 () =0 () In a conducting medium, we may
More informationTwo Questions and Three Equations on Distance of Investigation
Two Questions and Three Equations on Distance of Investigation Hamed Tabatabaie and Louis Mattar, IHS Markit, August 2017 The distance of investigation concept is often used to answer two different types
More information25.2. Applications of PDEs. Introduction. Prerequisites. Learning Outcomes
Applications of PDEs 25.2 Introduction In this Section we discuss briefly some of the most important PDEs that arise in various branches of science and engineering. We shall see that some equations can
More informationE. not enough information given to decide
Q22.1 A spherical Gaussian surface (#1) encloses and is centered on a point charge +q. A second spherical Gaussian surface (#2) of the same size also encloses the charge but is not centered on it. Compared
More informationInfiltration from irrigation channels into soil with impermeable inclusions
ANZIAM J. 46 (E) pp.c1055 C1068, 2005 C1055 Infiltration from irrigation channels into soil with impermeable inclusions Maria Lobo David L. Clements Nyoman Widana (Received 15 October 2004; revised 16
More informationDynamic Flow Analysis
Dynamic Flow Analysis The Theory and Practice of Pressure Transient and Production Analysis & The Use of data from Permanent Downhole Gauges Olivier Houzé - Didier Viturat - Ole S. Fjaere KAPPA 1988-2008
More informationSimplified In-Situ Stress Properties in Fractured Reservoir Models. Tim Wynn AGR-TRACS
Simplified In-Situ Stress Properties in Fractured Reservoir Models Tim Wynn AGR-TRACS Before the What and the How is Why Potential decrease in fault seal capacity Potential increase in natural fracture
More informationSteady-State Molecular Diffusion
Steady-State Molecular Diffusion This part is an application to the general differential equation of mass transfer. The objective is to solve the differential equation of mass transfer under steady state
More informationThe study on calculating flow pressure for tight oil well
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-018-0549- ORIGINAL PAPER - PRODUCTION ENGINEERING The study on calculating flow pressure for tight oil well Zhou Hong 1 Liu Hailong 2 Received: 10 April 2018 / Accepted:
More informationASSESSMENT OF WELL TESTS IN SALAVATLI-SULTANHISAR GEOTHERMAL FIELD OF TURKEY
PROCEEDINGS, Thirty-First Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering Stanford University, Stanford, California, January 3-February 1, 26 SGP-TR-179 ASSESSMENT OF WELL TESTS IN SALAVATLI-SULTANHISAR GEOTHERMAL
More informationModule for: Analysis of Reservoir Performance Introduction
(Formation Evaluation and the Analysis of Reservoir Performance) Module for: Analysis of Reservoir Performance Introduction T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M U. Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas A&M University
More informationWELL TEST ANALYSIS OF A MULTILAYERED RESERVOIR WITH FORMATION CROSSFLOW. a dissertation. and the committee on graduate studies. of stanford university
WELL TEST ANALYSIS OF A MULTILAYERED RESERVOIR WITH FORMATION CROSSFLOW a dissertation submitted to the department of petroleum engineering and the committee on graduate studies of stanford university
More informationCondensate banking vs Geological Heterogeneity who wins? Hamidreza Hamdi Mahmoud Jamiolahmady Patrick Corbett SPE
Condensate banking vs Geological Heterogeneity who wins? Hamidreza Hamdi Mahmoud Jamiolahmady Patrick Corbett SPE 143613 Outline P-T diagram of Gas reservoirs Diffusion equation linearization using gas
More informationFar East Journal of Applied Mathematics
Far East Journal of Applied Mathematics Volume, Number, 29, Pages This paper is available online at http://www.pphmj.com 29 Pushpa Publishing House EVELOPMENT OF SOLUTION TO THE IFFUSIVITY EQUATION WITH
More informationBilinear Flow in Horizontal Wells in a Homogeneous Reservoir: Huntington Case Study
IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON Department of Earth Science and Engineering Centre for Petroleum Studies Bilinear Flow in Horizontal Wells in a Homogeneous Reservoir: Huntington Case Study By Wei Cher Feng A report
More informationProblem 1: Microscopic Momentum Balance
Problem 1: Microscopic Momentum Balance A rectangular block of wood of size 2λ (where 2λ < 1) is present in a rectangular channel of width 1 unit. The length of the block is denoted as L and the width
More informationSand Control Rock Failure
Sand Control Rock Failure Why? A bit of Mechanics on rock failure How? Some choices that depend on the rock What is moving? Sand grains? Fines? 3/14/2009 1 Young s Modulus, E Young s Modulus is a material
More informationReservoir Permeability Evolution in Sand Producing Wells
Reservoir Permeability Evolution in Sand Producing Wells Innovative Engineering Systems Presented at 2014 Sand Management Forum Aberdeen, UK By F. Chalmers, K. Katoozi, B. Mokdad J. Tovar, O. Ibukun, S.
More informationHEAT TRANSFER IN A LOW ENTHALPY GEOTHERMAL WELL
HEAT TRANSFER IN A LOW ENTHALPY GEOTHERMAL WELL Marcel Rosca University of Oradea, Armata Romana 5, RO-37 Oradea, Romania Key Words: low enthalpy, numerical modeling, wellbore heat transfer, Oradea reservoir,
More information2 Coulomb s Law and Electric Field 23.13, 23.17, 23.23, 23.25, 23.26, 23.27, 23.62, 23.77, 23.78
College of Engineering and Technology Department of Basic and Applied Sciences PHYSICS I Sheet Suggested Problems 1 Vectors 2 Coulomb s Law and Electric Field 23.13, 23.17, 23.23, 23.25, 23.26, 23.27,
More information14.1. Multiple Integration. Iterated Integrals and Area in the Plane. Iterated Integrals. Iterated Integrals. MAC2313 Calculus III - Chapter 14
14 Multiple Integration 14.1 Iterated Integrals and Area in the Plane Objectives Evaluate an iterated integral. Use an iterated integral to find the area of a plane region. Copyright Cengage Learning.
More informationWELL TEST INTERPRETATION AND PRODUCTION PREDICTION FOR WELL SD-01 IN THE SKARDDALUR LOW-TEMPERATURE FIELD, SIGLUFJÖRDUR, N-ICELAND
GEOTHERMAL TRAINING PROGRAMME Reports 2011 Orkustofnun, Grensasvegur 9, Number 19 IS-108 Reykjavik, Iceland WELL TEST INTERPRETATION AND PRODUCTION PREDICTION FOR WELL SD-01 IN THE SKARDDALUR LOW-TEMPERATURE
More informationPRESSURE TRANSIENT TEST ANALYSIS OF VUGGY NATURALLY FRACTURED CARBONATE RESERVOIR: FIELD CASE STUDY. A Thesis BABATUNDE TOLULOPE AJAYI
PRESSURE TRANSIENT TEST ANALYSIS OF VUGGY NATURALLY FRACTURE CARBONATE RESERVOIR: FIEL CASE STUY A Thesis by BABATUNE TOLULOPE AJAYI Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University
More informationFr CO2 02 Fault Leakage Detection From Pressure Transient Analysis
Fr CO2 2 Fault Detection From Pressure Transient Analysis A. Shchipanov *, L. Kollbotn, R. Berenblyum IRIS Summary of reservoir fluids from injection site, e.g. through faults, is one of the key risks
More informationDimensionless Wellbore Storage Coefficient: Skin Factor: Notes:
This problem set considers the "classic" Bourdet example for a pressure buildup test analyzed using derivative type curve analysis. For completeness, the Bourdet, et al. paper is also attached however,
More information