Astrophysical Cyclotron-Exact solution of Fly by Anomaly Energy from Solar System

Transcription

1 Astophysial Cyloton-Exat solution of Fly by Anomaly Enegy fom Sola System Rawash Hamza Communiations Depatment, Caio Univesity Egyptian Relativity Goup (ERG Abstat: The well physial intepetation of elativity theoy will lead to the exat solution of Fly by anomaly. Relativity theoy will be baked to the indution effet by MAGDA theoy then, The J.D. Andeson empiial fomula will be dedued & explained and demodulated to give the ± in spae pobe veloity hanging (though the analogy with the Cyloton of elementay patiles and the indution effet. Also H. Busak empiial fomula an be dedued and explained. The effet of sola vaiations (sunspot numb es on the hanging of spae pobe veloity will be the mio of the effet of miowave adiation on the patile speed in the Cyloton. To gain enegy fom ou sola system, The positive tangent on a point on the sola vaiation (sola flux-sunspot numbe uve will be the edge point fo deision of enteing o outgoing moments to the onsideed plant.whee the planet will be looks like an Astophysial Cyloton. The demodulated fomula will be as: hange in veloity = *ωe * (Re/ * Vf * (os ( i tan ( i-os ( o tan ( o. The effetive distane must be onsideed. It will be the eason of time delay only though a speifi distane. Taking the enteing angle & the outgoing angle & the distane to the planet sufae & the angula speed of the planet & the planet adius and the daily sola vaiation will be the main points in the above view. I. INTRODUCTION The Flyby anomaly is an unexpeted enegy inease duing Eath flybys of satellites. This has been obseved as an anomalous shift in the S-band and X-band Dopple data whih tanslates to a signifiant veloity inease of a few mm/s at peigee. So fa, no onventional mehanism has been found that an explain this effet. In a majo disappointment whih had deepened the mystey the Rosetta spaeaft did not expeiene the flyby anomaly duing this swing by of Eath in 009, even though the same spaea@ did expeiene the anomaly when it flew by Eath 005, but didn t in 007. The ealy Flybys of Galileo I & Galileo II & NEAR & Cassini be established well by J.D.Andeson empiial fomula, the latest Flybys of Rosetta I & Rosetta II and Rosetta III be established by H. Busak empiial fomula. In the next paagaphs, the two empiial fomulas will be explained on physial basis. The main point in ou solution is the existene of a gavitational field. Suh field will be eated by the planet gavitational field on the sufae of the planet then effetive distane then the gavitational field fom the sta(sun (like a apaito wit h hages on its plates Figue (1: Geomety of flyby, modified fom Flando 1963 a = attitude of the planet & the initial and final veloities in the helioenti system ae v i and v f. The initial and final veloities in the planetay system ae v i and v f. The veloity of the planet in the sola system is v p. The hange in kineti enegy pe unit mass and with a little algeba [Flando 1963, Van Allen 003], then the empiial fomula by J.D. Andeson. (Change in veloity = Δv [1] ( v v v v f f i i k = (1 ( v v k = vp f i ( v = k v ( os( i os( o, 6 ( k = ωe Re = II. THE CYCLOTRON Looking to the Flyby anomaly as a mio of Cyloton, Haw? The Cyloton: How the yloton woks: In the yloton a high-fequeny altenating voltage applied aoss the "D" eletodes altenately attats and epels haged patiles. The patiles, injeted nea the ente of the magneti field, aeleate only when passing though the gap between the eletodes. The pependiula magneti field (passing vetially (3 Refeene Numbe: JO

2 Quantity Galileo I Galileo II NEAR Cassini Rosetta-I Messenge Rosetta-II Rosetta-III Date 1/8/1990 1/1/199 01/3/ /18/ /04/005 08/0/005 11/13/007 11/13/009 Speed at infinity km/s Speed at peigee km/s Impat paamete, Minimal km altitude, Km Spaeaft mass, kg Tajetoy inlination to equato degee Defletion an le, Degees Speed inement at infinity, mm/ 3.46± ±1.00 ±1 1.8± ±0.01 Speed inement at peigee, mm/.56± ± ± ± ±0.004 ~ ±0.044 Gained Enegy, J/kg 35.1±0.7 9.± ±0.19 Table (1: Some data of spae pobes affeted by the Fly By what happened in the eleti uent in ase of moving hages, it will geneate magneti field aound it whih will be onveted to opposite uent with espet to the oiginal one.studying Fly by anomaly must be teated though the indution effet, the enegy equation will be (affeted only by the tem I i.e. multiplied in ( (1 -(v/. Applying the pevious idea will lead to dedution of the empiial fomula (the enegy equation in the aeleatos of haged patiles (Cyloton will be used [10]. Figue (: The Cyloton III. MAGDA VIEW AND RESULTS MAGDA theoy ( Maxwell Analogy Gavity Diffeent Aspets is the nomal extension of MAG theoy (Theiy De Mees 003 and as anothe view of Muad & Bak esults in gavitational field studies. In MAG, Theiy De Mees eplaed the eleti field by the gavitational field and the magneti field by the gyotation field (field of motion in Maxwell equation and in Muad and Bak appoah, they eplaed the eleti field by gavitational field and the magneti field by the spinning field.. In MAGDA theoy, the equations ae the same as MAG (003 exept that the gyotaxon field is eplaed by the eletomagneti field and suh hange is baked to the omplete duality between the eleti field and the gavitational field fom one view and between the magneti field and the eletomagneti field fom anothe view.also, the definition of gavity will take the meaning of pushing by sky not pulling by eath. The effet of the polaized one (mass hage -eleti hagemagneti hage-eletomagneti hage- will be the eason of pushing downwad to ompensate the entopy (It means eation of the suounding. The indution effet (the same as GTR effet fom Finsle spae-time geomety view (FERT 008 and the omplete analogy between GTR theoies and afte with QM (PIRT 009 ae two main esults of MAGDA. The effet of indution in ase of gavity system is exatly as Figue (3: Status of eath sun system 1= G+, = D = effetive distane, 3= G0, 4= eath obit with eath inside, sun in the ente emits its ays In Fg.3 the spae pobe was oming fom G+ to G0 though the effetive distane fo enteing the Astophysial Cyloton, then it was going fom G0 to G+ though the effetive distane fo leaving. Figue (4: The spae ship otates aound the eath Refeene Numbe: JO

3 In fig 4, the shape is tansfeed to simple fom to be as the elementay patile Cyloton. IV. ASTROPHYSICAL CYCLOTRON By MAGDA, The polaization of sun and planets must be taken in onsideation (+ive means positive polaized and ive means negative polaized and zeo as zeo polaized. Thee ae main messages fom sun, the 1 st is EMG+ ays fo ontolling the gavitational system and the nd is ays (sola vaiations (mio of miowave. The EMG+ (oming ays fom sunwill spead in the sola system,when EMG+ wave inteats with the field of any planet G0 it will be edistibuted as two othogonal fields (the eletomagneti field(nomalized and the field G+ G0,it be shown in fig(3.afte simplifiation using polaization, the diagam an be looked as in fig (4, Sine G+ polaized field (sun field, GO zeo polaized field (eath field, I (enteing angle, o (outgoing angle,g+ GO, and this will be looked as exatly as the eleti field, and the EM field fom EMG+ will be as the magneti field in the Cyloton.we simplify the above diagam as The teatment as eletodes with G+,G0,G+. When the spae ship is enteing the field G+GO aound the eath,it will gain an enegy exatly as what happened in the Cyloton if a haged patile was enteing the eleti field of,the EM field aompanied by EMG+ gives us the ompensation of hanging of the nomalized field appoximately as isohonous yloton[11]. Figue (5: The similaity of Cyloton (Astophysial Cyloton The distane between G+ and G0 is esembled to the distane between the two plates (poles in the Cyloton (5mm-60mm o moe but hee is onstuted fom EMG+ and G0 to be EM and G+G0 as an effetive distane. The effetive distane in the above figue is as the distane between hages in the astophysial Cyloton. (Aoding to J. D. Andeson this distane is aound 000 km. By MAGDA, The effetive distane will be in the ode of 6*10Km the sufae of the eath and 3600 Km fom Meuy sufae. V. DEDUCTION OF J.D.ANDERSON EMPIRICAL FORMULA Fist method:- The following solution is based on: The analogy between bending of light w..t massive body and eleton beam w..t magneti field (taken the 4 fato in onsideation. The effet of geneal elativity on eating an angle with the light beam will be modulated on the hanging in spae pobe veloity V f q B =, m (4 V f = Veloity of patiles in Cyloton q B φ =, m V (5 = defletion angle of eleton beam duing passing in magneti field q B φ v = m (6 Change in veloity = q B m (7 By analogy hange of veloity = G M Vf (8 Change of veloity = G M m Vf m (9 Change of veloity = E Vf m (10 Change of veloity = P V Vf m (11 Change of veloity = p Vf V m (1 Studding the hanges so, P = m (13 Change in veloity = V f V (14 Re Change in veloity = ω e Vf (15 Whee the body is enteing the field and outing with angle so we modified. The above equation to be:- Re ω e Vf os i os o (16 Change in veloity = ( ( ( Whee ωe = the angula veloity of the eath & ( i = the inlined angle & ( o = the outgoing angle& q = eleton hage & m=eleton mass & = distane& V= veloity& B= magneti flux& E = enegy & P=momentum & =speed of light& G = gavitational onstant M=enteed mass. Whee the G+ is suounding the G0 fom the two sides, the hanging is multiplied by (. Re Change in veloity = ωe Vf ( os( i os( o (17 This is the empiial fomula of J.D. Andeson. Seond method:- Ou analysis is based on the effet of geneal elativity (indution effet fom & the hange in enegy of spae pobe w..t (v/ and the effet of sola vaiation. Refeene Numbe: JO

4 1 G M m E = m V = (18 G M m v Effet of elativity E = 1 (19 4 G M m 1 v 3 v E = 1 + (0 8 Change in E = 4 G M m 1 v 3 v (1 8 Change in E = 4 G M m 1 v 3 v E = + ( 8 d E G M m v = v d Change in [] (3 1 G M m v m v = (4 Change in v = (5 Change in v = (6 Take the dietion of the motion in onsideation. Change in v = (7 In input ase (the dietion of enteing of the spae ship (body o the patile In the field will lead to: Change in v = os( i (8 In output ase (the dietion of outgoing of the spae ship (body o the patile In the field will lead to (18: Change in v = os( o (9 The total diffeene in veloity hange = os = G M ( o os( i ( os( i os( o v (30 G M = veloity of eath = v (31 v V ( os( i os( o (3 Re = ωe v ( os( i os( o The total hange inluding the effet of G+G0 field on the sides of the planet (as in shown in diagam 5 Re = ωe v ( os( i os( o (33 Re = k v (34 ( os( i os( o, k = ωe = the empiial fomula by J. D. Andeson J.D. Andeson empiial fomula is available fo the +ive values only what about the zeo o -ive esults? Dedution of H. Busak empiial fomula:- G M m E = m g = R (35 G M 1 R g ( = F R (36 G M 1 R ( F g = (36 R ( ( Ve 1 R v = F( y (37 v( R ( ( Ve F1( y v = (38 v Change in veloity = Ve F( y (39 The above field is equivalent to H. Busak empiial fomula [7][8]:- G M g( = 3 (40 ( 1+ A Fa( exp( ( R ( B C ( Ve ( Vs Whee E = enegy & g = new gavitational field & R = planet adius & M = planet mass & G= gavitational onstant & = distane to spae pobe fom mass ente & & g & v v = vetos & = speed of light & Ve = planet speed & F(y &F1(y &F(y and Fa = funtions of Vs(speed of sun & & R &Ve and some abitay paametes(a &B &C and.. The effet of elativity & the hanging w..t (v/ and the sola vaiations ae inluded in &F (y &F1(y &F(y. Refeene Numbe: JO

5 VI. SOLAR VARIATION EFFECT Compaing the sola vaiation on the hanging of spae pobe with the effet of miowave intefeene with the haged patiles in a Cyloton will lead the undestanding of the deeasing of spae pobe veloity. The sola vaiation diving vaiations in spae weathe. The yle is obseved by ounting the fequeny and plaement of sunspots visible on the Sun. Using MAGDA as a mio in the expeiment of passing a miowave (Ghz with diffeent values ( then then wa, the eleton enegy is deeased in the peiod ( wa [6]& the hange=zeo in the peiod ( wa and it is ineased in the peiod ( wa,we an suspet the same phenomena in lage sale stutue.by studying the sola yles in the peiod , we obseved that duing the hange in numbe of spots fom down to up o the iadiation o the AP also, the fly by anomaly goes to deease the veloity. If the hange is onstant, thee is no hange in fly by anomaly veloity. If the hange fom down to up, then thee is an ineasing in the veloity. If the hange fom up to down, then thee is an ineasing in the veloity. Figue (6: Sola yle AP Pogession [9] This will be shown in the following diagam. Studying the intefeene zone leads to: Figue (7: The astophysial Cyloton and the intefeene zone Figue (8: It expesses about the intefeene between the adiated waves fom Cyloton o the astophysial yloton and the miowave o the sola emission Refeene Numbe: JO

6 Figue (9: As the pevious figue but in ase of shotage The net wave in the above figue is +ive o zeo o ive whih means the oiginal wave (spae pobe EMG wave substitutes its shotage fom the mains (the mains ae the soues of ineasing the veloity of the spae ship = the astophysial Cyloton. This will lead to deease the spae pobe veloity (The same way with espet to +ive o zeo. EM (spae pobe It will geneate fom the motion of a spae pobe, whee the hange of the gavitational wave will indue eletomagneti wave. Change of eleton veloity Change of spae pobe veloity Figue (10: Intefeene effet So, the empiial fomula by J.D. Andeson must be defomed to be as: Change in veloity Re = ωe Vf ( os( i tan( Ωi os( o tan( Ωo Whee i & o = angles between the staight line (line between diffeent suessive sunspot numbe with enough time and hoizontal in ase of input and output with suessive (it expesses on the distubane fato of the sola vaiation. Obsevations of spae pobes: - 1- Galileo I (1990:- the sola flux (C (7-8 De 1990 was hanged fom 183. to 30.4, whih means +ive hange. - Galileo II (199:- the sunspot numbe (11-1 De 1990 was hanged fom 115 to 110, whih means -ive hange. 3- NEAR (1998:- the sunspot numbe (-3 Jan 1998 was hanged fom 15 to 40, whih means +ive hange[4]. 4- Cassini (1999:- the sola flux (C (17-18 Jul 1999 was hanged fom 141 to 130.7, whih means -ive hange. 5- Rosetta-I (3/005:- the sunspot numbe (3-4 Ma 005 was hanged fom 11 to 13, whih means +ive hange[3]. 6- MESSENGER (Eath& Meuy1& 8/005 &1/008 &10/008:- the sunspot numbe (1- Aug 005 was hanged fom 10 to 11, whih means +ive hange & the hanges in sola flux fom 18.5(A1 to 171(A0 w..t Meuy (13-14 Jan 008, whih means -ive hange and the sola flux was hanged fom 0.5(A0 to 50(A5 w..t Meuy(5-6 Ot 008, whih means +ive hange. 7- Rosetta-II (Mas &Eath /007 &11/007:- the sola flux w..t Mas (4-5 Feb 007was hanged fom 13 (Ato 15.5(A0and the sunspot numbe was hanged fom to 11, whih means -ive hange and the sola flux w..t Eath (1-13 Nov 007 was hanged fom 4.5 (A0to 4.5(A0, whih means zeo hange. 8- Rosetta III (11/009:- the sola flux was hanged fom 5.5 (A0 to 91.5 (A1 to 41.5(A w..t Mas ( Nov 009, whih means -ive hange. Refeene Numbe: JO

7 Figue (11: It shows the effet of tangent on the speed of spae pobe Rosetta and its fly by with eath. VII. CONCLUSION 1- The empiial fomula by J. D. Andeson must be fomed as: Change in veloity Re = ωe Vf ( os( i os( o effetive distane fato ((ideal time/atual time distubane fato of the sola vaiation (tan (. - Detemination the exat time of gaining a veloity duing the fly by aound the eath (avoiding zeo o ive values. 3- Applied the same tehnique on the diffeent planets fo the veloity gain, aing the sola vaiations on the planet. VIII. REFERENCES [1] Mihael Matin Nieto1 and John D. Andeson Eath Flyby Anomalies axiv: v1 [g-q] 7 Ot 009 [] Andeson, John D.; James K. Campbell, Mihael Matin Nieto (July 007, "The enegy tansfe poess in planetay flybys", New Astonomy 1 ( 5: , doi: /j.newast , ph/ [3] "ESA Spaeaft May Help Unavel Cosmi Mystey", SieneDaily, Novembe 13, 009, sienedaily.om/eleases/009/11/ htm [4] P.G. Anteasian; J.R. Guinn (1998, "Investigations into the unexpeted delta-v inease duing the Eath Gavity Assist of GALILEO and NEAR", AIAA/AAS Astodynamis Speialist Conf. and Exhibition, Boston, pape no , bitsteam/014/03/1/ pdf [5] Livingston, M. Stanley & Blewett, John (196, Patile Aeleatos, New Yok: MGaw-Hill [6] R. Gelle, Peo. 1st Int. Con. Ion Soue, Salay, p. 537, 1969 [7] H. J. Busak, Simulation of the flyby anomaly by means of an empiial asymmeti gavitational field with definite spatial oientation,axiv: (007 [8] Test fo onsistene of a flyby anomaly simulation with the obseved Dopple esiduals fo the Messenge flybys of Meuy. Authos: Busak, Hans-Juegen dsabs.havad.edu/abs/010axiv b [9] Kane, R.P. (00. "Some Impliations Using the Goup Sunspot Numbe Reonstution". Sola Physis 05(, [10] Hamza Rawash Abubak. ''Using indution effet and...'' ontents_pirt_09.pdf [11] Finsle Geomety Appliation Ineasing Powe fom Geneatos, Rawash Hamza. attahments/3%0-%0jo%0-%00001.pdf Refeene Numbe: JO