Name Date Hour Table

Transcription

1 Name Date Hour Table Chapter 3 Pre-AP Directions: Use the clues to create your word bank for the word search. Put the answer to each question with its number in the word bank box. Then find each word in the puzzle. 1. forces that act on an object, resulting in a net force of 0 N (two words) 2. an object in orbit around another object 3. change in velocity 4. contact force that resists the sliding motion between two objects that are touching 5. distance an object moves divided by the time it took to move that distance 6. distance between an object s initial, or starting, position and its final position 7. forces that act on an object, resulting in motion and a net force that is not 0 N 8. Newton s law of motion that states that the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force exerted on the object divided by the object s mass 9. noncontact attractive force that exists between all objects that have matter 10. process of changing position 11. push or pull on an object without touching it (two words) 12. push or pull on one object by another object that is touching it (two words) 13. push or pull that one object exerts on another 14. speed and direction of an object s motion 15. starting point used to describe the motion or the position of an object (two words) 16. tendency of an object to resist a change in motion 17. this can cause a girl s hair to stick out (two words) 18. this can cause two magnets to attract or to push apart (two words) 19. to cause to move faster 20. to cause to move slower 21. total length of an object s path 22. two forces that result from two objects exerting forces on each other (two words) 23. also known as spring force; when a push or pull is exerted by a compressed or stretched object (two words) 24. Newton s law of motion that states that if the net force on an object is zero, the motion of the object does not change 25. Newton s law of motion that states that when one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force of the same size, but in the opposite direction, on the first object 26. the support force exerted by an object that touches another stable object (two words) 27. when one object directly pushes or pulls on another object (two words)

2

3 Lesson 1 Directions: Use the diagram to answer each question. 1. What does Figure A indicate about the speed and velocity of the ball? 2. In figure B, if the speed f the Ferris-wheel cars does not change, does the velocity of the Ferriswheel cars change? EXPLAIN. 3. What is true about the velocity of the ball shown in Figure C? 4. Why can it be said that the objects in Figures A, B, and C are accelerating? 5. How can velocity change even if the speed of the object remains constant?

4 Directions: Use the grid to make a speed-time graph for the data provided. Assume that the moving object starts from a speed of 0 km/h. Label and number both axes, plot each data point, and then USE a RULER to make a line connecting the points. Average Time Speed (hour) (km/h) When did the object s speed remain constant? 2. Where is the object s average speed decreasing?

5 Lesson 2 Directions: If the statement is true, write TRUE on the line. If the statement is not true, write the word(s) that should replace the underlined bold-faced words to make the statement true. 1. A force can change an object s speed. 2. Gravity is a contact force that resists the sliding motion between two object that are touching. 3. A noncontact force pushes or pulls an object without touching it. 4. The force of gravity pulls Earth toward the pen or pencil you are holding. 5. Rough surfaces produce greater gravity than smooth surfaces. 6. A force can change an object s direction and cause friction. 7. A force has direction and contact. 8. Force is measured in grams. 9. Forces that have different sizes act in the same direction. 10. An applied force is one exerted by a stretched object. 11. Your pencil is similar to a mountain because both have mass.

6 Lesson Three: Newton s Laws of Motion A. Newton s Laws 1. Forces are measured in (N). 2. Isaac Newton studied the of objects and summarized his findings in laws. B. Newton s First Law 1. is the tendency of an object to resist a change it in its motion. 2. Newton s first law of motion states that if the force acting on an object is zero, the motion of the object does not. 3. Sometimes Newton s first law of motion is called the law of. 4. Newton s law explains the effect of balanced forces on an object. a. If balanced forces act on an object at rest, the object remains. b. If balanced forces act on a moving object, the object continues to move at the same. 5. The motion of an object changes only when a(n) force acts on it according to Newton s first law. a. Unbalanced forces can cause an object to accelerate, or. b. They also can cause an object to, or slow down. c. They also can cause acceleration by causing the object to change.

7 C. Newton s Second Law of Motion 1. Newton s second law of motion states that the of an object equals the exerted on the object divided by the of the object. D. Newton s Third Law 1. Newton s third law states that when one object exerts a(n) on a second object, the second object exerts a force of the same but in the opposite on the first object. a. The initial force is called the force. b. The force exerted in response is called the force. 2. When two objects exert forces on each other, the two forces are a(n). a. Each force in a force pair acts on a(n) object. b. Newton s laws work. E. Newton s Laws in Action 1. Newton s laws do not apply to very objects, such as atoms. 2. They also do not apply to objects whose motion approaches the.

8 Chapter Content Practice Directions: Use the line graphs to complete each sentence on lines provided Graph A: Displacement-Time 1. On this graph, is shown on the y-axis. 2. According to the graph, displacement began after. 3. The rise of the line on the graph indicates that the distance from the reference point. 4. The line between hours 12 and 15 is less steep than the line between 7 and 11 because 5. This graph represents a total time of 15 hours and a total displacement of about. Graph B: Speed-Time 6. The speed for the first three hours shown on the graph equals. 7. Between hours 3 and 7, speed. 8. Between hours 11 and 15, speed. 9. Constant speed is shown between hours. 10. The moving object had positive acceleration between hours.

9 Directions: On each line, write the term from the word bank that completes each sentence. Some terms will not be used. WORD BANK o 0 N o 100 N o 200 N o 300 N o 400 N o accelerate o balanced o direction o motion o negative o opposite o positive o unbalanced 1. Figure A shows forces acting in directions. 2. Figure B shows forces. 3. To determine if forces are balanced or unbalanced, you must include the of the force. 4. The net force acting on rope in Figure A is. 5. The net force acting on the rope in Figure B is. 6. The net force acting on the rope in Figure B will cause the rope to. 7. The net force acting on the rope in Figure A will not affect the of the rope. 8. If the positive direction in Figure B is to the left, then the direction is to the right.

10 Directions: On each line, write the term from the word bank that correctly completes each sentence. Each term is used only once. IF 1. If the mass of one or both objects increases, 2. If the distance between two objects increases, 3. If the force is a push or pull on an object by another object that is touching it, 4. If a force pushes or pulls an object without touching it, 5. If a contact force resists the sliding motion between two objects that are touching, 6. If it is a noncontact attractive force that exists between all objects that have mass, 7. If forces combine to act as a single force, *contact force *noncontact force *increases *decreases *net force *friction *gravity THEN then the gravitational force between them then the gravitational force between them then it is called a(n) then it is called a(n) then it is called then it is called then the sum of the forces acting on an object is called the

11 Name Date Hour Table Directions: On the line before each situation, write the letter of the law that describes it correctly. Some laws will be used more than once. Newton s Laws of Motion A B C First Objects tend to resist a change in motion. Second Unbalanced forces cause objects to accelerate. Third For ever action force, there is an equal, but opposite reaction force. 1. A car travels down a highway at a constant speed. 2. A ride at an amusement park moves upward at at constant speed. 3. A ball hits a wall and bounces back. 4. Two football players running to catch the football hit each other in midfield. The player with less mass falls backward. 5. The engines fire, and the rocket lifts off the launch pad. 6. When a car turns left, passengers in the car lean to the right. 7. Your favorite golfer taps the golf ball with just enough force that it rolls into the ninth hole. 8. A child swings a ball attached to a string in a circle over its head. 9. Two cars collide in the middle of a busy intersection. The car with more mass moves a small distance toward the traffic light, but the car with less mass skids across the road. 10. The runner wants to determine her acceleration rate with and without weights on her ankles while running a 50-m dash. 11. A sailboat moves faster as the wind gets stronger. 12. The car slows down when the driver applies the brakes. 13. Books inside a car move forward on the seat as the car comes to a quick stop. 14. Water shoots downward as a toy rocket flies upward.