Results of. Midterm 1. Points < Grade C D,F C B points.
|
|
- Pearl McGee
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 esults of Midterm points Grade C D,F oints A C <0 # of students
2 roblem (a) const (isobaric process) One mole of a monatomic ideal gas goes through a quasistatic three-stage cycle (-, -, -) shown in the Figure. and are given. (a) (0) Calculate the work done by the gas. Is it positive or negative? (b) (0) Using two methods (ackur-etrode eq. and dq/), calculate the entropy change for each stage and for the whole cycle, total. Did you get the expected result for total? Explain. (c) (5) What is the heat capacity (in units ) for each stage? W ( ) ( ) 0 > const (isochoric process) W 0 const (isothermal process) W d d W total W + W ( ) + 0 > < 0
3 cycle 5 roblem (cont.) (b) ackur-etrode equation: ( U,, ) + U + k f ( ) f f f + + i i i f i const (isobaric process) 5 const (isochoric process) const (isothermal process) 0 as it should be for a quasistatic cyclic process (quasistatic reversible), because is a state function.
4 roblem (cont.) (b) d const (isobaric process) d Q d Q C d C d 5 const (isochoric process) d U d Q d Q C d C d const (isothermal process) d U d O d 0 d Q W cycle 5 0
5 roblem (cont) (c) dqcd Let s express both Q and d in terms of d : const (isobaric process) C C C const (isochoric process) C C const (isothermal process), d 0 while dq 0 C
6 roblem 0 0 electrons form a two-state paramagnet. he system is placed in an external magnetic field. he component of the electron s magnetic moment along is ± µ ± 9.x0-4 J/. (a) (5) At 00K, find the ratio / using oltzmann distribution. Calculate the entropy of the system, make reasonable approximations. (b) (5). epeat the same for 0.K (a) E E exp E E k µ µ 9. 0 exp exp k.8 0 (, ) 4 00 ( ) the high- limit We ve obtained the formula for in this case: ( ), k k ( ) ( ) (, ) k.8 0 J/K J/K ( )
7 roblem (cont.) (b) (, ) k µ exp exp k his is the high- limit, we can follow two paths: ( ) ( ) [ << ] µ k 6.74 (, ) J/K.8 0 J/K +, µ k k k e cosh µ k µ k tanh [ x + ].8 0 J/K x 8 µ k µ k x >>
8 roblem You are in possession of an Einstein solid with three oscillators and a two-state paramagnet with four spins. he magnetic field in the region of the paramagnet points up and is carefully tuned so that µ ε, where µ is the energy of a spin pointing down, -µ is the energy of a spin pointing up, and ε is the energy level separation of the oscillators. At the beginning of the experiment the energy in the Einstein solid U is 4 ε and the energy in the paramagnet U is -4 ε. (a) (4) Using a schematic drawing of the Einstein solid, give an example of a microstate which corresponds to the macrostate U 4 ε. (b) (4) Using a schematic drawing of the paramagnet, give an example of a microstate which corresponds to the macrostate U -4 ε. (c) (8) Considering that the system comprises the solid and the paramagnet, calculate the multiplicity of the system assuming that the solid and paramagnet cannot exchange energy. (d) (4) ow let the solid and paramagnet exchange energy until they come to thermal equilibrium. ote that because this system is small, there will be large fluctuations around thermal equilibrium, but let s assume that the system is not fluctuating at the moment. What is the value of U now? Draw an example of a microstate in which you might find the solid. What is the value of U now? Draw an example of a microstate in which you might find the paramagnet.
9 roblem (cont.) wo-state paramagnet Einstein solid E + µ ε ε E - µ (a) U 4 ε (b) (c) U -4 ε E + µ Ω Ω Ω E - µ ( 4 + ) 4 5 Most of the confusion came from the fact that we usually measure the energy of an oscillator in the Einstein solid from its ground state (which is / ε above the bottom of the potential well), whereas for the two-state paramagnet we ve chosen the zero energy in the middle of the energy gap between spin-up and spindown levels. he avoid confusion, consider the number of energy quanta ε available for the system.
10 roblem (cont.) (d) U 4 ε const In equilibrium, the multiplicity is maximum. he two-state paramagnet can absorb only multiples of ε. wo options: ε is transferred from to, and 4ε is transferred from to. ε transfer 4 4, q, 4, Ω Ω Ω 4 4ε transfer, q 0, 4, Ω Ω Ω 4 hus, the equilibrium situation corresponds to the transfer of ε from the Einstein solid to the two-state paramagnet Example of one of the equilibrium microstates: 6 E + µ ε ε E - µ
Lecture 9 Overview (Ch. 1-3)
Lecture 9 Overview (Ch. -) Format of the first midterm: four problems with multiple questions. he Ideal Gas Law, calculation of δw, δq and ds for various ideal gas processes. Einstein solid and two-state
More informationPHY214 Thermal & Kinetic Physics Duration: 2 hours 30 minutes
BSc Examination by course unit. Friday 5th May 01 10:00 1:30 PHY14 Thermal & Kinetic Physics Duration: hours 30 minutes YOU ARE NOT PERMITTED TO READ THE CONTENTS OF THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL INSTRUCTED
More informationSolutions to Problem Set 8
Cornell University, Physics Department Fall 2014 PHYS-3341 Statistical Physics Prof. Itai Cohen Solutions to Problem Set 8 David C. sang, Woosong Choi 8.1 Chemical Equilibrium Reif 8.12: At a fixed temperature
More informationThermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics
hysics GRE: hermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics G. J. Loges University of Rochester Dept. of hysics & Astronomy xkcd.com/66/ c Gregory Loges, 206 Contents Ensembles 2 Laws of hermodynamics 3 hermodynamic
More informationPHYSICS 214A Midterm Exam February 10, 2009
Clearly Print LAS NAME: FIRS NAME: SIGNAURE: I.D. # PHYSICS 2A Midterm Exam February 0, 2009. Do not open the exam until instructed to do so. 2. Write your answers in the spaces provided for each part
More informationPhys Midterm. March 17
Phys 7230 Midterm March 17 Consider a spin 1/2 particle fixed in space in the presence of magnetic field H he energy E of such a system can take one of the two values given by E s = µhs, where µ is the
More informationHeat Machines (Chapters 18.6, 19)
eat Machines (hapters 8.6, 9) eat machines eat engines eat pumps The Second Law of thermodynamics Entropy Ideal heat engines arnot cycle Other cycles: Brayton, Otto, Diesel eat Machines Description The
More informationChapter 19 The First Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 19 The First Law of Thermodynamics The first law of thermodynamics is an extension of the principle of conservation of energy. It includes the transfer of both mechanical and thermal energy. First
More information(# = %(& )(* +,(- Closed system, well-defined energy (or e.g. E± E/2): Microcanonical ensemble
Recall from before: Internal energy (or Entropy): &, *, - (# = %(& )(* +,(- Closed system, well-defined energy (or e.g. E± E/2): Microcanonical ensemble & = /01Ω maximized Ω: fundamental statistical quantity
More informationPhysics 172H Modern Mechanics
Physics 172H Modern Mechanics Instructor: Dr. Mark Haugan Office: PHYS 282 haugan@purdue.edu TAs: Alex Kryzwda John Lorenz akryzwda@purdue.edu jdlorenz@purdue.edu Lecture 22: Matter & Interactions, Ch.
More informationLast Name: First Name ID
Last Name: First Name ID This is a set of practice problems for the final exam. It is not meant to represent every topic and is not meant to be equivalent to a 2-hour exam. These problems have not been
More information(a) How much work is done by the gas? (b) Assuming the gas behaves as an ideal gas, what is the final temperature? V γ+1 2 V γ+1 ) pdv = K 1 γ + 1
P340: hermodynamics and Statistical Physics, Exam#, Solution. (0 point) When gasoline explodes in an automobile cylinder, the temperature is about 2000 K, the pressure is is 8.0 0 5 Pa, and the volume
More informationPhysics 101: Lecture 27 Thermodynamics
Final hysics 101: Lecture 27 Thermodynamics Today s lecture will cover Textbook Chapter 15.1-15.6 Check your grades in grade book!! hysics 101: Lecture 27, g 1 0 N=81 Mean=76.5 Number of students 20 10
More informationThermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics SCQF Level 9, U03272, PHY-3-ThermStat. Thursday 24th April, a.m p.m.
College of Science and Engineering School of Physics H T O F E E U D N I I N V E B R U S I R T Y H G Thermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics SCQF Level 9, U03272, PHY-3-ThermStat Thursday 24th April, 2008
More informationLecture 9 Examples and Problems
Lecture 9 Examples and Problems Counting microstates of combined systems Volume exchange between systems Definition of Entropy and its role in equilibrium The second law of thermodynamics Statistics of
More informationPart II: Statistical Physics
Chapter 6: Boltzmann Statistics SDSMT, Physics Fall Semester: Oct. - Dec., 2013 1 Introduction: Very brief 2 Boltzmann Factor Isolated System and System of Interest Boltzmann Factor The Partition Function
More informationSolutions to Problem Set 4
Cornell University, Physics Department Fall 2014 PHYS-3341 Statistical Physics Prof. Itai Cohen Solutions to Problem Set 4 David C. sang, Woosong Choi 4.1 Equilibrium Fluctuations (a From lecture we had
More informationLecture 8. The Second Law of Thermodynamics; Energy Exchange
Lecture 8 The Second Law of Thermodynamics; Energy Exchange The second law of thermodynamics Statistics of energy exchange General definition of temperature Why heat flows from hot to cold Reading for
More informationLecture 8. The Second Law of Thermodynamics; Energy Exchange
Lecture 8 The Second Law of Thermodynamics; Energy Exchange The second law of thermodynamics Statistics of energy exchange General definition of temperature Why heat flows from hot to cold Reading for
More informationPart II: Statistical Physics
Chapter 6: Boltzmann Statistics SDSMT, Physics Fall Semester: Oct. - Dec., 2014 1 Introduction: Very brief 2 Boltzmann Factor Isolated System and System of Interest Boltzmann Factor The Partition Function
More informationLecture 12. Refrigerators. Toward Absolute Zero (Ch. 4)
0 9 0 7 Center of hottest stars Center of Sun, nuclear reactions Lecture. Refrigerators. oward Absolute Zero (Ch. ) emperature, K 0 5 0 0 0-0 - 0-5 Electronic/chemical energy Surface of Sun, hottest boiling
More informationPhysics 607 Final Exam
Physics 67 Final Exam Please be well-organized, and show all significant steps clearly in all problems. You are graded on your work, so please do not just write down answers with no explanation! Do all
More informationSummary Part Thermodynamic laws Thermodynamic processes. Fys2160,
! Summary Part 2 21.11.2018 Thermodynamic laws Thermodynamic processes Fys2160, 2018 1 1 U is fixed ) *,,, -(/,,), *,, -(/,,) N, 3 *,, - /,,, 2(3) Summary Part 1 Equilibrium statistical systems CONTINUE...
More informationThermal and Statistical Physics Department Exam Last updated November 4, L π
Thermal and Statistical Physics Department Exam Last updated November 4, 013 1. a. Define the chemical potential µ. Show that two systems are in diffusive equilibrium if µ 1 =µ. You may start with F =
More informationHandout 12: Thermodynamics. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
1 Handout 12: Thermodynamics Zeroth law of thermodynamics When two objects with different temperature are brought into contact, heat flows from the hotter body to a cooler one Heat flows until the temperatures
More informationThe First Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 19 The First Law of Thermodynamics PowerPoint Lectures for University Physics, Thirteenth Edition Hugh D. Young and Roger A. Freedman Lectures by Wayne Anderson Goals for Chapter 19 To represent
More informationLecture 5. PHYC 161 Fall 2016
Lecture 5 PHYC 161 Fall 2016 Ch. 19 First Law of Thermodynamics In a thermodynamic process, changes occur in the state of the system. Careful of signs! Q is positive when heat flows into a system. W is
More informationLast Name: First Name NetID Discussion Section: Discussion TA Name:
Physics 213 Final Exam Spring 2014 Last Name: First Name NetID Discussion Section: Discussion TA Name: Instructions Turn off your cell phone and put it away. This is a closed book exam. You have 2 hours
More informationLecture 2: Intro. Statistical Mechanics
Lecture 2: Intro. Statistical Mechanics Statistical mechanics: concepts Aims: A microscopic view of entropy: Joule expansion reviewed. Boltzmann s postulate. S k ln g. Methods: Calculating arrangements;
More informationAnswer TWO of the three questions. Please indicate on the first page which questions you have answered.
STATISTICAL MECHANICS June 17, 2010 Answer TWO of the three questions. Please indicate on the first page which questions you have answered. Some information: Boltzmann s constant, kb = 1.38 X 10-23 J/K
More informationHandout 12: Thermodynamics. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
1 Handout 12: Thermodynamics Zeroth law of thermodynamics When two objects with different temperature are brought into contact, heat flows from the hotter body to a cooler one Heat flows until the temperatures
More information(prev) (top) (next) (Throughout, we will assume the processes involve an ideal gas with constant n.)
1 of 9 8/22/12 9:51 PM (prev) (top) (next) Thermodynamics 1 Thermodynamic processes can be: 2 isothermal processes, ΔT = 0 (so P ~ 1 / V); isobaric processes, ΔP = 0 (so T ~ V); isovolumetric or isochoric
More informationIrreversible Processes
Lecture 15 Heat Engines Review & Examples p p b b Hot reservoir at T h p a a c adiabats Heat leak Heat pump Q h Q c W d V 1 V 2 V Cold reservoir at T c Lecture 15, p 1 Irreversible Processes Entropy-increasing
More informationIf the dividing wall were allowed to move, which of the following statements would not be true about its equilibrium position?
PHYS 213 Exams Database Midterm (A) A block slides across a rough surface, eventually coming to a stop. 1) What happens to the block's internal thermal energy and entropy? a. and both stay the same b.
More informationUNIVERSITY OF LONDON. BSc and MSci EXAMINATION 2005 DO NOT TURN OVER UNTIL TOLD TO BEGIN
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON BSc and MSci EXAMINATION 005 For Internal Students of Royal Holloway DO NOT UNTIL TOLD TO BEGIN PH610B: CLASSICAL AND STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS PH610B: CLASSICAL AND STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS
More informationChapter 20. Heat Engines, Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Dr. Armen Kocharian
Chapter 20 Heat Engines, Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics Dr. Armen Kocharian First Law of Thermodynamics Review Review: The first law states that a change in internal energy in a system can
More informationPhysics 119A Final Examination
First letter of last name Name: Perm #: Email: Physics 119A Final Examination Thursday 10 December, 2009 Question 1 / 25 Question 2 / 25 Question 3 / 15 Question 4 / 20 Question 5 / 15 BONUS Total / 100
More informationChapter 19 Entropy Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 20-1
Chapter 19 Entropy Slide 20-1 Ch 19 & 20 material What to focus on? Just put out some practice problems for Ch. 19/20 Ideal gas how to find P/V/T changes. How to calculate energy required for a given T
More informationPhysics 213 Spring 2009 Midterm exam. Review Lecture
Physics 213 Spring 2009 Midterm exam Review Lecture The next two questions pertain to the following situation. A container of air (primarily nitrogen and oxygen molecules) is initially at 300 K and atmospheric
More informationSurvey of Thermodynamic Processes and First and Second Laws
Survey of Thermodynamic Processes and First and Second Laws Please select only one of the five choices, (a)-(e) for each of the 33 questions. All temperatures T are absolute temperatures. All experiments
More informationPhysics Nov Cooling by Expansion
Physics 301 19-Nov-2004 25-1 Cooling by Expansion Now we re going to change the subject and consider the techniques used to get really cold temperatures. Of course, the best way to learn about these techniques
More informationLecture 2 The First Law of Thermodynamics (Ch.1)
Lecture he First Law o hermodynamics (h.) Lecture - we introduced macroscopic parameters that describe the state o a thermodynamic system (including temperature), the equation o state (,,) 0, and linked
More informationChapter 12. The Laws of Thermodynamics. First Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 12 The Laws of Thermodynamics First Law of Thermodynamics The First Law of Thermodynamics tells us that the internal energy of a system can be increased by Adding energy to the system Doing work
More informationLecture 5: Temperature, Adiabatic Processes
Lecture 5: Temperature, Adiabatic Processes Chapter II. Thermodynamic Quantities A.G. Petukhov, PHYS 743 September 20, 2017 Chapter II. Thermodynamic Quantities Lecture 5: Temperature, Adiabatic Processes
More informationInternational Physics Course Entrance Examination Questions
International Physics Course Entrance Examination Questions (May 2010) Please answer the four questions from Problem 1 to Problem 4. You can use as many answer sheets you need. Your name, question numbers
More informationWork, heat and the first law of thermodynamics
Chapter 3 Work, heat and the first law of thermodynamics 3.1 Mechanical work Mechanical work is defined as an energy transfer to the system through the change of an external parameter. Work is the only
More informationABCD42BEF F2 F8 5 4D65F8 CC8 9
ABCD BEF F F D F CC Physics 7B Fall 2015 Midterm 1 Solutions Problem 1 Let R h be the radius of the hole. R h = 2 3 Rα R h = 2 3 R+ R h = 2 3 R(1+α ) (4 points) In order for the marble to fit through the
More informationIntroduction. Statistical physics: microscopic foundation of thermodynamics degrees of freedom 2 3 state variables!
Introduction Thermodynamics: phenomenological description of equilibrium bulk properties of matter in terms of only a few state variables and thermodynamical laws. Statistical physics: microscopic foundation
More informationChapter 16 Thermodynamics
Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 16 Thermodynamics Thermodynamics Introduction Another area of physics is thermodynamics Continues with the principle of conservation of energy
More informationMCB100A/Chem130 MidTerm Exam 2 April 4, 2013
MCBA/Chem Miderm Exam 2 April 4, 2 Name Student ID rue/false (2 points each).. he Boltzmann constant, k b sets the energy scale for observing energy microstates 2. Atoms with favorable electronic configurations
More informationCHAPTER 15 ADIABATIC DEMAGNETIZATION
1 HAER 15 ADIAAI DEAGNEIZAION 151 Introduction One way to cool a gas is as follows First compress it isothermally his means compress it in a vessel that isn t insulated, and wait for the gas to lose any
More informationCH 15. Zeroth and First Law of Thermodynamics
CH 15 Zeroth and First Law of Thermodynamics THERMODYNAMICS Thermodynamics Branch of Physics that is built upon the fundamental laws that heat and work obey. Central Heating Objectives: After finishing
More informationChapter 12. The Laws of Thermodynamics
Chapter 12 The Laws of Thermodynamics First Law of Thermodynamics The First Law of Thermodynamics tells us that the internal energy of a system can be increased by Adding energy to the system Doing work
More informationPhase Transitions. Phys112 (S2012) 8 Phase Transitions 1
Phase Transitions cf. Kittel and Krömer chap 10 Landau Free Energy/Enthalpy Second order phase transition Ferromagnetism First order phase transition Van der Waals Clausius Clapeyron coexistence curve
More informationClassical Physics I. PHY131 Lecture 36 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Lecture 36 1
Classical Physics I PHY131 Lecture 36 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics Lecture 36 1 Recap: (Ir)reversible( Processes Reversible processes are processes that occur under quasi-equilibrium conditions:
More information213 Midterm coming up
213 Midterm coming up Monday April 8 @ 7 pm (conflict exam @ 5:15pm) Covers: Lectures 1-12 (not including thermal radiation) HW 1-4 Discussion 1-4 Labs 1-2 Review Session Sunday April 7, 3-5 PM, 141 Loomis
More informationPHY 293F WAVES AND PARTICLES DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PROBLEM SET #6 - SOLUTIONS
PHY 93F WAVES AD PARTICLES DEPARTMET OF PHYSICS, UIVERSITY OF TOROTO PROBLEM SET 6 - SOLUTIOS Marked Q1 out of 7 marks and Q4 out of 3 marks for a total of 10 1 Problem 11 on page 60 of Schroeder For two
More informationThe first law of thermodynamics continued
Lecture 7 The first law of thermodynamics continued Pre-reading: 19.5 Where we are The pressure p, volume V, and temperature T are related by an equation of state. For an ideal gas, pv = nrt = NkT For
More information4. Systems in contact with a thermal bath
4. Systems in contact with a thermal bath So far, isolated systems microcanonical methods 4.1 Constant number of particles:kittelkroemer Chap. 3 Boltzmann factor Partition function canonical methods Ideal
More information9.1 System in contact with a heat reservoir
Chapter 9 Canonical ensemble 9. System in contact with a heat reservoir We consider a small system A characterized by E, V and N in thermal interaction with a heat reservoir A 2 characterized by E 2, V
More informationExam 2, Chemistry 481, 4 November 2016
1 Exam, Chemistry 481, 4 November 016 Show all work for full credit Useful constants: h = 6.66 10 34 J s; c (speed of light) =.998 10 8 m s 1 k B = 1.3807 10 3 J K 1 ; R (molar gas constant) = 8.314 J
More informationContents. 1 Introduction and guide for this text 1. 2 Equilibrium and entropy 6. 3 Energy and how the microscopic world works 21
Preface Reference tables Table A Counting and combinatorics formulae Table B Useful integrals, expansions, and approximations Table C Extensive thermodynamic potentials Table D Intensive per-particle thermodynamic
More informationDistinguish between an isothermal process and an adiabatic process as applied to an ideal gas (2)
1. This question is about thermodynamic processes. (a) Distinguish between an isothermal process and an adiabatic process as applied to an ideal gas.......... An ideal gas is held in a container by a moveable
More information第 1 頁, 共 6 頁 Chap20 1. Test Bank, Question 5 Which of the following is NOT a state variable? Work Internal energy Entropy Temperature Pressure 2. Test Bank, Question 18 Let denote the change in entropy
More informationThermodynamics SCQF Level 9, PHYS Wednesday 9th May, :30-16:30
College of Science and Engineering School of Physics & Astronomy H T O F E E U D N I I N V E B R U S I R T Y H G Thermodynamics SCQF Level 9, PHYS09021 Wednesday 9th May, 2012 14:30-16:30 Chairman of Examiners
More informationRecitation: 10 11/06/03
Recitation: 10 11/06/03 Ensembles and Relation to T.D. It is possible to expand both sides of the equation with F = kt lnq Q = e βe i If we expand both sides of this equation, we apparently obtain: i F
More informationUNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA PHYSICS DEPARTMENT. PART I Qualifying Examination. January 20, 2015, 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.
UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA PHYSICS DEPARTMENT PART I Qualifying Examination January 20, 2015, 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. Instructions: The only material you are allowed in the examination room is a writing
More informationHeat What is heat? Work = 2. PdV 1
eat What is heat? eat (Q) is the flow or transfer of energy from one system to another Often referred to as heat flow or heat transfer Requires that one system must be at a higher temperature than the
More informationHeat Capacities, Absolute Zero, and the Third Law
Heat Capacities, Absolute Zero, and the hird Law We have already noted that heat capacity and entropy have the same units. We will explore further the relationship between heat capacity and entropy. We
More informationThermodynamics: Chapter 02 The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Microscopic Foundation of Thermodynamics. September 10, 2013
Thermodynamics: Chapter 02 The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Microscopic Foundation of Thermodynamics September 10, 2013 We have talked about some basic concepts in thermodynamics, T, W, Q, C,.... Some
More informationChapter 20 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 20 The Second Law of Thermodynamics When we previously studied the first law of thermodynamics, we observed how conservation of energy provided us with a relationship between U, Q, and W, namely
More information1 Phase Spaces and the Liouville Equation
Phase Spaces and the Liouville Equation emphasize the change of language from deterministic to probablistic description. Under the dynamics: ½ m vi = F i ẋ i = v i with initial data given. What is the
More informationUniversity Physics (Prof. David Flory) Chapt_21 Monday, November 26, 2007 Page 1
University Physics (Prof. David Flory) Chapt_21 Monday, November 26, 2007 Page 1 Name: Date: 1. Let k be the Boltzmann constant. If the configuration of the molecules in a gas changes so that the multiplicity
More informationIntroduction to the Thermodynamics of Materials
Solutions Manual to accompany Introduction to the hermodynamics of Materials Sixth Edition David R. Gaskell School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette, IN David E. Laughlin ALCOA
More informationa. 4.2x10-4 m 3 b. 5.5x10-4 m 3 c. 1.2x10-4 m 3 d. 1.4x10-5 m 3 e. 8.8x10-5 m 3
The following two problems refer to this situation: #1 A cylindrical chamber containing an ideal diatomic gas is sealed by a movable piston with cross-sectional area A = 0.0015 m 2. The volume of the chamber
More informationMCB100A/Chem130 MidTerm Exam 2 April 4, 2013
MCB1A/Chem13 MidTerm Exam 2 April 4, 213 Name Student ID True/False (2 points each). 1. The Boltzmann constant, k b T sets the energy scale for observing energy microstates 2. Atoms with favorable electronic
More informationChapter 19. Heat Engines
Chapter 19 Heat Engines Thermo Processes Eint = Q+ W Adiabatic No heat exchanged Q = 0 and E int = W Isobaric Constant pressure W = P (V f V i ) and E int = Q + W Isochoric Constant Volume W = 0 and E
More informationfiziks Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Content-Thermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics 1. Kinetic theory of gases..(1-13) 1.1 Basic assumption of kinetic theory 1.1.1 Pressure exerted by a gas 1.2 Gas Law for Ideal gases: 1.2.1 Boyle s Law 1.2.2
More informationCHAPTER - 12 THERMODYNAMICS
CHAPER - HERMODYNAMICS ONE MARK QUESIONS. What is hermodynamics?. Mention the Macroscopic variables to specify the thermodynamics. 3. How does thermodynamics differ from Mechanics? 4. What is thermodynamic
More informationEntropy. Entropy Changes for an Ideal Gas
Entropy and Entropy Changes for an Ideal Gas Ron Reifenberger Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University March 28, 2012 Lecture 10 1 Recall that we discussed an idealized process called reversible A
More informationIrreversible Processes
Lecture 15 Heat Engines Review & Examples p p b b Hot reservoir at T h p a a c adiabats Heat leak Heat pump Q h Q c W d V 1 V 2 V Cold reservoir at T c Lecture 15, p 1 Irreversible Processes Entropy-increasing
More informationThermodynamics: More Entropy
Thermodynamics: More Entropy From Warmup Yay for only having to read one section! I thought the entropy statement of the second law made a lot more sense than the other two. Just probability. I haven't
More information5. Systems in contact with a thermal bath
5. Systems in contact with a thermal bath So far, isolated systems (micro-canonical methods) 5.1 Constant number of particles:kittel&kroemer Chap. 3 Boltzmann factor Partition function (canonical methods)
More informationLecture Notes Set 3b: Entropy and the 2 nd law
Lecture Notes Set 3b: Entropy and the 2 nd law 3.5 Entropy and the 2 nd law of thermodynamics The st law of thermodynamics is simply a restatement of the conservation of energy principle and may be concisely
More informationName: Discussion Section:
CBE 141: Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Spring 2017, UC Berkeley Midterm 2 FORM B March 23, 2017 Time: 80 minutes, closed-book and closed-notes, one-sided 8 ½ x 11 equation sheet allowed lease show
More informationChE 503 A. Z. Panagiotopoulos 1
ChE 503 A. Z. Panagiotopoulos 1 STATISTICAL MECHANICAL ENSEMLES 1 MICROSCOPIC AND MACROSCOPIC ARIALES The central question in Statistical Mechanics can be phrased as follows: If particles (atoms, molecules,
More informationTHERMODYNAMICS. Chapter Twelve MCQ I
Chapter welve HERMODYNAMICS MCQ I. An ideal gas undergoes four different processes from the same initial state (Fig..). Four processes are adiabatic, isothermal, isobaric and isochoric. Out of,, and 4
More informationFor more info visit
Basic Terminology: Terms System Open System Closed System Isolated system Surroundings Boundary State variables State Functions Intensive properties Extensive properties Process Isothermal process Isobaric
More information( ) = CV where C= CV ( ) is the capacitance which can be a function. Notes by MIT Student (and MZB)
10.66 05/09/014 near Sweep Voltammetry near Sweep Voltammetry V ( t) dq Definition of Current: I = where Q is charge dt Definition of an ideal Capacitor: Q of voltage but not time Substitution: ( ) =±
More informationExam 4. P201 Fall 2006, Instructor: Prof. Abanov 11/28/06. (print in big block letters )
Exam 4 P201 Fall 2006, Instructor: Prof. Abanov 11/28/06 Name Section (print in big block letters ) Your grade: Problem 1. One end of a horizontal rope is attached to a prong of an electrically driven
More informationPreliminary Examination - Day 1 Thursday, August 9, 2018
UNL - Department of Physics and Astronomy Preliminary Examination - Day Thursday, August 9, 8 This test covers the topics of Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics (Topic ) and Quantum Mechanics (Topic
More informationRemoving the mystery of entropy and thermodynamics. Part 3
Removing the mystery of entropy and thermodynamics. Part 3 arvey S. Leff a,b Physics Department Reed College, Portland, Oregon USA August 3, 20 Introduction In Part 3 of this five-part article, [, 2] simple
More information39th International Physics Olympiad - Hanoi - Vietnam Theoretical Problem No. 3 / Solution. Solution
Solution. For an altitude change dz, the atmospheric pressure change is : dp = ρgdz () where g is the acceleration of gravity, considered constant, ρ is the specific mass of air, which is considered as
More informationMidTerm. Phys224 Spring 2008 Dr. P. Hanlet
MidTerm Name: Show your work!!! If I can read it, I will give you partial credit!!! Correct answers without work will NOT get full credit. Concept 5 points) 1. In terms of the First Law of Thermodynamics
More informationReview of classical thermodynamics
Review of classical thermodynamics Fundamental Laws, Properties and Processes (2) Entropy and the Second Law Concepts of equilibrium Reversible and irreversible processes he direction of spontaneous change
More informationdt T du T = C V = Nk ln = Nk ln 1 + V ]
PHYSICS 218 SOLUION O HW 10 Created: November 25, 2004 23:26pm Last updated: December 9, 2004 1:01am 1. Schroeder 3.32 (a) In moving the piston through a distance of x = 1 mm, the work done on the system
More informationA) 2.0 atm B) 2.2 atm C) 2.4 atm D) 2.9 atm E) 3.3 atm
Name: Date: 1. On a cold day ( 3 C), the gauge pressure on a tire reads 2.0 atm. If the tire is heated to 27 C, what will be the absolute pressure of the air inside the tire? A) 2.0 atm B) 2.2 atm C) 2.4
More informationStatistical Physics. The Second Law. Most macroscopic processes are irreversible in everyday life.
Statistical Physics he Second Law ime s Arrow Most macroscopic processes are irreversible in everyday life. Glass breaks but does not reform. Coffee cools to room temperature but does not spontaneously
More informationA) 120 degrees B) 90 degrees C) 60 degrees D) 45 degrees E) 30 degrees
Phys10 - First Major 071 Zero Version Q1. Two identical sinusoidal traveling waves are sent along the same string in the same direction. What should be the phase difference between the two waves so that
More informationLecture Notes Set 3a: Probabilities, Microstates and Entropy
Lecture Notes Set 3a: Probabilities, Microstates and Entropy Thus far.. In Sections 1 and 2 of the module we ve covered a broad variety of topics at the heart of the thermal and statistical behaviour of
More information