UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The syntax of relativization de Vries, M. Link to publication

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1 UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The syntax of relativization de Vries, M. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): de Vries, M. (2002). The syntax of relativization Utrecht: LOT General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam ( Download date: 16 Mar 2019

2 Appendixx IV Relative terminology Thee terminology regarding relative constructions is summarized in figures 1 through 100 and tables 1 through 3, as treated in Ch2, sections 2.5,3, , 7.1, and InIn figures 1 and 7 the extraposed group is shaded grey because it does not form a naturall class with correlatives in any analytical way (cf. Chapter 7 and Srivastav 1991).. Figuree 1. Relative terminology I: syntactic main types of relatives. u u embedded d co- id d adnominal l circumnominal l cor extraposed d prenominal l postnominal l Figuree 2. Relative terminology II: internally and externally headed relatives. internallyy headed externallyy headed circumnominal l cor adnominal l extraposed d

3 428 8 APPENDIXX IV Figuree 3. Relative terminology Ilia: headed and free relatives. 711 headed clauses s ^^ free (= headless) -> <-- circumnominal <-- co-relative <r<r adnominal <-- clauses s InIn figure 4 false free relatives are shaded grey, since it may be argued that they are nott free relatives, but 'degraded' headed relatives. Figuree 4. Relative terminology Illb: (free)(free) relatives. clauses s headedd relatives freefree relatives -»» \\ internally '' headed FR irrealisirrealis FR 7ii normal ^^ hanging falsefalse FR (=semi -FR) ) truefr truefr 7ii normal ->> false transparenttransparent FR ^^ hanging 7ii normal hanginghanging FR ^^ false 7ii false ^^ normal Figuree 5. Relative terminology IV: replacive and non-replacive relatives. -,, _, - l free adnominal replacivee ^^ free relative ^ free circumnominal 711 ij,,..,. headed circumnominal ^^ ^ headed adnominal non-replacive e headed/freee correlative 11 Free correlatives are alsofreerelatives, but not replacive, strictly speaking.

4 RELATIVEE TERMINOLOGY Figuree 6. Relative terminology V: finite and non-finite relatives.,, finite non-finite e 711 '' participial mfinite 7ii ^^ past participial gerundival l (= present participial) Inn figure 7, tpp is 'toto pro pars', tc 'terminological confusion', and wt 'wrong term'. Figuree 7. Relative terminology VI: admissible and dispraised synonyms. embedded d ww ^subordinated sjj adnominall?i ad-relatives s externallyy headed ** ^headed ^ circumnominal ^^head-internal ^^head-internal ww *internally*internally headed tpptpp *replacive *replacive wtwt *headless *headless cor 711 left-extraposed co- tctc ww *preposed *preposed '*adjoined '*adjoined ^^co-relative ^^co-relative uu^correlative ^correlative extraposed d ^'^convertible ^'^convertible ^^ right-extraposed tctc *postposed *postposed prenominal l head-final l «^reposed «^reposed postnominal l head-initial l tctc *postposed *postposed free free headless s tpptpp *replacive *replacive

5 4300 APPENDIX IV Tablee 1. Relative terminology VII: multiple relativization. syntacticsyntactic characterization terminology terminology mm h mm a mm w ss a h h inn matrix inn relative uu e uu n uu h PP n y y 11 a 11 t t d d tt d tt e t t ii e r r type type ii e ii c i i tt c a a (correlative) ) internal l (external) ) whor whor PP d PP e P P e e pronounn or head d antecedent t d determiner r gap p 1 1 d d (&wh) (&wh) e e ee e e e e e n n n n t t t t 0 0 A A 11 complex 11 plural +?? +?? complex 11 plural plural ^ plural ?? 11 jilural B B 11 plural <+) ) ?? +?? C C (+) ) -- +?? Heree a question mark means that the use of the term is a little odd; a plus between bracketss means that it may not be visible. Figuree 8. Relative terminology VIII: lements. V. V. rell ative elements,, \j pronouns s complementizers s relativee particles \ \ \ ij markers s affixes s resumptive e pronouns s

6 RELATIVEE TERMINOLOGY Tablee 2. Relative terminology IX: the nature of the internal role. relativerelative clause *.. subjectt relative objectt relative adverbiall relative possessivee relative Figuree 9. Relative terminology X: multiple embedding. multiplee embedding recursive e NJJ linear (= stacking) Tablee 3. Relative terminology XII: constructions related to relative constructions constructionsconstructions related to relative constructions cleft t pseudo-cleft t pseudo-relatives s Figuree 10. Relative terminology XIII: semantic types of relatives. ^1 1 restrictive e appositive e maximalizing g

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