WaterTech 2017 April 4, 2017

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1 Haskayne Master Drainage Plan: Hydraulic Relationships Between Groundwater Flow Systems and the Bearspaw Reservoir and Potential for Stormwater Disposal, City of Calgary WaterTech 2017 April 4, 2017

2 Project Team Technical Fairness Advisors Cathy Ryan Michal Ubar, Pablo Hernandez, Marcus Patterson Thierry Carriou Aziz Shaikh, Carl Forkheim, Joe Lenham, Brendan Guest, Peggy Popel, Ken Baxter Craig Kipkie

3 Outline 1) Objectives (City Objectives and Project Specific Objectives) 2) Low Impact Development (LID) and Source Control Practices (SCP) defined 3) Approach 4) Phase I Conceptual Site Model (CSM) 5) Phase II Field Investigation and CSM Update 6) Phase III LID Assessment Time-of-Travel Estimates 7) Summary 8) Next Steps 9) Questions

4 1) City Objectives - Location City of Calgary Drinking Water Supply (Raw Water Intake I)

5 1) City Objectives Source Water Protection Evaluate stormwater management options. Assess Source Control Practices (SCP) through the application of Low Impact Development (LID). Guidance to Area Structure Plan (ASP) development A long-range plan with policies guiding land use, subdivision and development decisions. Guidance to Master Drainage Plan (MDP) development A plan that identifies the stormwater servicing strategy for the subject lands.

6 1) Project Specific Objectives To assist with the City Objectives through: Detailed hydrogeologic characterization; and Assessment of SCP applicability (runoff infiltration) Identification of flow paths Time-of-travel calculations

7 2) LID Defined Low Impact Development (LID) is an approach to land development that works with nature to manage stormwater runoff where it falls. LID preserves and recreates natural landscape features, and minimizes hard surfaces to create functional and appealing site drainage. Low impact development treats stormwater as a resource rather than a waste product. The City of Calgary Stormwater Management & Design Manual. To Include a comprehensive LID Manual based on a series of modules Module 1 Geotechnical & Hydrogeological Considerations (Tetra Tech, July 2014)

8 2) SCP Defined Stormwater Source Control Practices Handbook Documents/Stormwater%20Source%20Control%20Practices%20Handbook%2 0-%20November% pdf?noredirect=1 Specific measures of the LID approach including: Better Planning Practices Infiltration galleries Bio-retention areas Grass Swales or Bioswales Porous Pavement

9 3) Study Approach Three Phases completed between 2014 and 2016, inclusive: Phase I Preliminary Conceptual Site Model (CSM) Development of CSM based on existing data Data gap assessment Planning field program Phase II Field Program and CSM Refinement Drilling, well installations and testing Hydrogeologic interpretation CSM Refinement Phase III LID Assessment Flowpath definition Time-of-travel estimates Ongoing monitoring

10 4) Phase I CSM Development???? Reservoir (1090 masl) River (1076 masl) Cross-Section after Moran, 1986

11 4) Phase I CSM Development Intermittent Loss of flow

12 4) Phase I CSM Development - All 3 rd party boreholes and test-pits (black symbols); and - Tetra Tech wells (white symbols)

13 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Drilling Program Drilling - Installed 11 groundwater monitoring wells 6 Paskapoo Formation wells 5 Wells in overlying sediment K Tests - 6 Hydraulic conductivity tests Manual Water Levels - 12 water level monitoring events (March 3, 2015 to January 12, 2016) Data Loggers - Continuous monitoring at 6 wells Sampling - Two water quality sampling events 3 rd Party Data 13

14 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Available Overburden Monitoring Well Locations (Installed by Tetra Tech and others) 14

15 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Available Bedrock Monitoring Well Locations (Installed by Tetra Tech and others) 15

5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Hydraulic Conductivity Testing and Results Pressurized nitrogen Real time data logging to ensure

16 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Hydraulic Conductivity Testing and Results Pressurized nitrogen Real time data logging to ensure an accurate, repeatable test was conducted Bedrock (Four Wells): 5.8x10-1 m/s to 3.2x10-6 m/s Overburden (two wells): 1.4 x10-5 m/s to 1.6x10-5 m/s 16

17 Groundwater Elevation (masl) 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Manual Groundwater Measurements 1152 Figure 5-Manual Hydrograph Data Dec-14 6-Apr Jul Oct Jan May Aug Nov-16 Date (dd-mmm-yy) 15MW01-D 15MW02-D 15MW02-S 15MW03 15MW04 15MW05 15MW06 15MW07 15MW08-D 15MW08-S BH12-01 BH12-02 BH12-05 BH12-12 BH12-14 BH12-16 BH12-29 BH12-30 BH12-31 BH12-32 BH12-72 Land Farm 1 Land Farm 2 LEH-BH-04 LEH-BH-09 LEH-BH-12 LEH-BH-13 LEH-BH-15 LEH-BH-44 LEH-BH-45 LEH-BH-46 TF_BH-07 TF_BH-08 TF_BH-09 TF_BH-10 TH14-02 TH14-03 TH14-07-DEEP TH14-07-SHALLOW 15MW08-OB 17

18 Groundwater Elevation (masl) 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Continuous Water Level Monitoring Locations 1, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,089.0 Figure 6- Data Logger Hydrograph and Bearspaw Reservoir Data Bearspaw Reservior 15MW01-D Shallow BR 15MW02-D Shallow BR 15MW02-S Quaternary 15MW05 15MW06 Deep BR Shallow BR 15MW08-D Deep BR 15MW08-S Shallow BR 15MW01-D Manual 15MW02-D Manual 15MW02-S Manual 15MW05 Manual 15MW06 Manual 15MW08-D Manual 15MW08-S Manual 15MW06 15MW08-S 15MW08-D 15MW05 15MW02-D 15MW02-S 15MW01-D Date Water Survey of Canada Real-Time Hydrometric Data for BOW RIVER NEAR COCHRANE (05BH005) [AB] 18

19 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Temperature vs Time Quaternary Shallow Bedrock Shallow Bedrock Deep Bedrock Deep Bedrock Shallow Bedrock 19

20 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Approximate Water Level in Bearspaw Reservoir 20

21 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update 21

22 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update October 2, 2015 January 5 to 7,

23 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Water Quality Trends Dynamic mixing of meteoric groundwater, reservoir water, and regional groundwater No appreciable seasonal changes in chemistry Similarity of shallow bedrock water chemistry with Bearspaw Reservoir water quality Deep bedrock and Quaternary strata groundwater chemistry differs from Bearspaw Reservoir 23

24 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Topography

25 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Top of Paskapoo Formation Elevation Contour

26 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Tertiary Undivided Sand and Gravel

27 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Laterally Extensive Silt-dominant Layer

28 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Clay-dominant Layer North Sand-dominant Layer South

29 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Clay-dominant Layer overlying Sand (South)

30 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Sand-dominant Layer overlying Clay (South)

31 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Undifferentiated material (Fill)

32 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Geologic Interpretation Compilation

33 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Hydrostratigraphic Interpretation Two possible flow systems in the unconsolidated material overlying the bedrock: Flow along bedrock surface Sand and gravel in north and middle portion of the site; Silt in south portion of the site. Perched flow along clay surface in upper sand South portion of the site.

34 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update - Hydrostratigraphic Interpretation Shallow Flow Path on Paskapoo Surface (North)

35 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Hydrostratigraphic Interpretation Shallow Flow Path on Paskapoo Surface (South)

36 5) Phase II - Field Investigations and CSM Update Hydrostratigraphic Interpretation Perched Flow Path (Sand overlying Clay)

37 6) Phase III SCP Assessment Time-of-Travel Estimates Analytical Methods Advective Flow Time-of-Travel based on the groundwater flow velocity Advective-Dispersive Flow Most conservative estimate of travel time Analyzed for concentration in groundwater is 0.16 the initial concentration (measurable amount) Alberta Tier 2 Model Provides an estimated concentration that will reach the reservoir Uses advection, dispersion, and sorption to estimate velocity of the contaminant 2/11/

38 6) Phase III SCP Assessment Time-of-Travel Estimates Analytical Methods Alberta Tier 2 Model PCofC Chloride Herbicides 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) Dicamba (Banvel; 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine) MCPA (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) MCPP (Mecoprop, methylchlorophenoxypropionic acid) 5 interpreted flow paths Cross-sections for each flow path Used field hydraulic conductivity where available Used estimated literature values where conductivity was unknown 2/11/

39 6) Phase III SCP Assessment Time-Of-Travel Estimates Horizontal Flow Paths 39

40 6) Phase III SCP Assessment Time-of-Travel Estimates Flow Path T-T

41 6) Phase III SCP Assessment Time-Of-Travel Estimates Horizontal Flow Paths 41

42 6) Phase III SCP Assessment Time-of-Travel Estimates Flow Path T-T

43 SCP / LID Assessment Northwestern Area 7) Summary Horizontal flow towards the reservoir over short distances. Local sand and gravel and bedrock active hydraulic connection to the Reservoir. Therefore, SCP applications appear to be inadequate for this area Southeastern Area Qualifier West - Groundwater flow toward the Reservoir along short flow paths, and short time of travel estimates. East - surface water infiltration down to low permeability clay, lateral flow along the surface of clay away from the Reservoir. Therefore, SCP applications may be appropriate for this area Detailed SCP investigations including lithological classification, infiltration tests, and/or pumping tests will be required for proposed stormwater infiltration locations. 43

44 8) Next Steps Ongoing Work Continuous monitoring at select locations for temperature data, groundwater elevations, surface water elevations, and chemistry data to further understand the seasonal variations, and assist in constraining the degree of groundwater and surface water interaction. 44

45 9) Questions? 2/11/

The Geology and Hydrogeology of the Spyhill Area

The Geology and Hydrogeology of the Spyhill Area Clare North (WorleyParsons Komex) and Martin Ortiz (The City of Calgary) 2-Jul-08 Outline Background Site Location Existing Information New Work Geology