Centennial-scale Climate Change from Decadally-paced Explosive Volcanism
|
|
- Juliet Lambert
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Centennial-scale Climate Change from Decadally-paced Explosive Volcanism Yafang Zhong and Gifford Miller INSTAAR, University of Colorado at Boulder, USA Bette Otto-Bliesner, Caspar Ammann, Marika Holland, David Bailey and David Schneider NCAR, USA Aslaug Geirsdottir University of Iceland, Iceland CCSM Workshop on June. 29, 2010
2 NH climate of the past millennium NH Temperature LIA MWP Colder 1950AD 1300AD 800AD Time Crowley (2000) The past millennium is characterized by Medieval Warm Period (MWP), Little Iage Age (LIA), and 20 th century warming.
3 Step-like ice cap expansion during the cooling into the Little Ice Age 1950A D Ice cap expansion on N Baffin Island 1300A D Time Step-like changes at AD, ~1450AD Anderson et al. (2008) LIA MWP NH Temperature Colder 1950AD Time 1300AD Crowley (2000) 800AD
4 Possible causes of the Little Ice Age Solar irradiance? Uncertainty in reconstruction. Ice cap expansion on N Baffin Island Anderson et al. (2008) Volcanic forcing? Centennial-scale response? Time
5 Possible causes of the Little Ice Age Question: Solar Could irradiance? the decadally sequenced volcanic eruptions cause centennial-scale response in NH sea ice? Ice cap expansion on N Baffin Island Volcanic forcing? Centennial-scale response?
6 Experiments using the CCSM3 Medieval control run: 950AD orbital forcing Solar constant is 1365 W/m2 1000AD Greenhouse Gas level 280.6ppm CO 2, 684.3ppb CH 4, ppb N 2 O
7 Experiments using the CCSM3 (Cont) Volcanism experiments Volcanic forcing: decadally sequenced tropical eruptions in the second half of the 13 th century Time No volcanic forcing for the 14 th century
8 Experiments using the CCSM3 (Cont) Volcanism experiments Four runs, randomly selected initial states. Control run (3) (1) (2) (4)
9 Centennial-scale response in NH sea ice in volcanism experiments SW radiation Gray CTRL Red EXP1 Blue EXP2 Mar ice volume Sep ice volume Mar ice area Sep ice area Time
10 Largest anomalies in September occur in the Atlantic sector, which agrees with paleo reconstructions. NH sea ice concentration anomalies SEP MAR ANN AD AD
11 Mass budget of ANN NH sea ice Mass budget of NH annual sea ice Solid Volcanism EXP Dashed CTRL Basal growth Basal melt Time Sea ice expansion is driven by decreased ice-ocean heat exchange.
12 Ice mass budget for Barents Sea region Solid Volcanism EXP Dashed CTRL Basal growth Basal melt Sea ice expansion is driven by decreased ice-ocean heat exchange. Time
13 Sea ice mass budget for west of Greenland Solid Volcanism EXP Dashed CTRL Basal growth Basal melt Sea ice expansion is driven by decreased ice-ocean heat exchange. Time
14 Surface cooling in the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans Strong cooling at NH high latitudes Zonal mean ocean temperature anomalies. Shading: significant at 95% confidence level Heat flux anomaly is into the Arctic Ocean, not responsible for the ocean cooling
15 Surface cooling in the NH high-latitude and Arctic oceans The Arctic Ocean cooling is not caused by surface heat flux changes, but rather by reduced ocean heat transport poleward. Strong cooling at NH high latitudes Zonal mean surface heat flux anomaly Into-the-ocean anomaly
16 Cooling! Changes in the surface ocean
17 Changes in the surface ocean Cooling! Sustained for >100 years!
18 Changes in the surface ocean Increased sea ice export (freshwater flux) to and thus weakened convection in the subpolar N Atlantic! Cooling! Freshening! Lightening!
19 Decreased heat/salt advection associated with the slowed-down subpolar gyre circulation Color: ANN sea ice thickness anomaly Contour: Sea surface height anomaly Vector: Current anomaly
20 Summary The sequenced volcanism could produce an expanded NH sea ice that is sustainable for >100 years after the removal of volcanic aerosols from the stratosphere. A coupled sea ice-ocean mechanism: Sea ice expands and thickens in response to volcanic aerosol radiative forcing More ice is exported through Fram Strait and the Canadian Achipelago, and melts in the subpolar North Atlantic Cooling and freshening of the surface water in the subpolar N Atlantic, in aid of weakened convection and decreased heat/salt advection Anomalously cold water is advected into the Arctic Ocean and reduces ice-ocean heat exchange Preserves the expanded sea ice The coupled sea ice-ocean mechanism may be sensitive to the pre-volcanic mean states, such as mixing layer depth in the subpolar N Atlantic.
21 Thank you!
22 Summary Sequenced volcanism produced an expanded NH sea ice that sustained for >100 years after the removal of volcanic aerosols from the stratosphere. The largest concentration anomalies occurred in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic, agreeing with paleo data. A coupled sea ice-ocean mechanism: Sea ice expands and thickens in response to volcanic aerosol radiative forcing More ice is exported and melts in the subpolar North Atlantic Cooling and freshening of the surface water in the subpolar N Atlantic, in aid of weakened convection and decreased heat/salt advection
23 The volcanism experiments showing no centennial-scale response Pre-volcanic Shallow mixing layer depth in the subpolar N Atlantic, already weak convection Post-volcanic Convective feedback ineffective in the subpolar N Atlantic. Rapid sea ice growth, increased brine rejection, positive density flux in marginal seas strengthened Atlantic MOC, increased heat transport into the Arctic Sea ice recedes
24 Summary Sequenced volcanism produced an expanded NH sea ice that sustained for >100 years after the removal of volcanic aerosols from the stratosphere. The largest concentration anomalies occurred in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic, agreeing with paleo data. A coupled sea ice-ocean mechanism
25 ncreased sea ice export to subpolar N Atlantic Net freshwater flux Freshening effect on the subpolar North Atlantic!
26 Centennial-scale response in NH air temperature ANN JJA DJF Time
27 Medieval ontrol run
28 Ocean temperature anomaly AD AD
29 Atlantic MOC in volcanism exps LRSP1, 2 SRSP1 SRSP AD AD AD AD AD
30 Control run Vs. LRSP1
31
32
33 AD realistic volcanic forcing
34
35
36
37 Decreased oceanic heat transport into the Arctic Colder water into the Arctic!
38
39 Weakend Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Centennial-scale climate change from decadally-paced explosive volcanism: a coupled sea ice-ocean mechanism
Clim Dyn DOI 10.1007/s00382-010-0967-z Centennial-scale climate change from decadally-paced explosive volcanism: a coupled sea ice-ocean mechanism Y. Zhong G. H. Miller B. L. Otto-Bliesner M. M. Holland
More informationArctic Ocean simulation in the CCSM4
Arctic Ocean simulation in the CCSM4 Alexandra Jahn National Center for Atmospheric Sciences, Boulder, USA Collaborators: K. Sterling, M.M. Holland, J. Kay, J.A. Maslanik, C.M. Bitz, D.A. Bailey, J. Stroeve,
More informationttp://news.discovery.com/earth/iceland-volcano-aurora.html
ttp://news.discovery.com/earth/iceland-volcano-aurora.html Outline Role of volcanism on the climate system Distribution of Arctic volcanoes Types of eruptions Frequency of Arctic eruptions Influence on
More informationPMIP3/CMIP5 Last Millennium Model Simulation Effort
PMIP3/CMIP5 Last Millennium Model Simulation Effort Bette Otto-Bliesner and Steven Phipps National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado University of New South Wales, Sydney Outline Background
More informationBavarian Riots, 1819
Bavarian Riots, 1819 A Future Year Without A Summer J. Fasullo, NCAR B. Otto-Bliesner, E. Brady, S. Stevenson, R. Tomas, and E. Wahl (NOAA) Outline / Science Questions The 1815 Eruption of Mt Tambora What
More informationClimate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report Presented by R.K. Pachauri, IPCC Chair and Bubu Jallow, WG 1 Vice Chair Nairobi, 6 February
More informationThe Arctic Energy Budget
The Arctic Energy Budget The global heat engine [courtesy Kevin Trenberth, NCAR]. Differential solar heating between low and high latitudes gives rise to a circulation of the atmosphere and ocean that
More information(1) Arctic Sea Ice Predictability,
(1) Arctic Sea Ice Predictability, (2) It s Long-term Loss and Implications for Ocean Conditions Marika Holland, NCAR With contributions from: David Bailey, Alex Jahn, Jennifer Kay, Laura Landrum, Steve
More informationArctic climate projections and progress towards a new CCSM. Marika Holland NCAR
Arctic climate projections and progress towards a new CCSM Marika Holland NCAR The Arctic is changing! Loss of Sept Arctic Sea Ice 2002 Loss of about 8% per decade Or >20% since 1979 (Courtesy I. Rigor
More informationSea Ice Update. Marika Holland and David Bailey. National Center for Atmospheric Research. CESM Workshop. University of Toronto
Sea Ice Update Marika Holland and David Bailey National Center for Atmospheric Research CESM Workshop University of Toronto November June 2017 2012 NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation
More informationFast and Slow Response of Sea ice and the Southern Ocean to Ozone Depletion
Fast and Slow Response of Sea ice and the Southern Ocean to Ozone Depletion Annual Minimum Sea ice extent 1979-2013 10 6 km 2 Arctic September Antarctic February Data from in passive microwave satellite
More information6. What has been the most effective erosive agent in the climate system? a. Water b. Ice c. Wind
Multiple Choice. 1. Heinrich Events a. Show increased abundance of warm-water species of planktic foraminifera b. Show greater intensity since the last deglaciation c. Show increased accumulation of ice-rafted
More informationTropical Pacific responses to Neogene Andean uplift and highlatitude. Ran Feng and Chris Poulsen University of Michigan
Tropical Pacific responses to Neogene Andean uplift and highlatitude sea ice expansion Ran Feng and Chris Poulsen University of Michigan Reconstructions of Neogene equatorial Pacific SSTs SST difference
More informationThe forcings and feedbacks of rapid Arctic sea ice loss
The forcings and feedbacks of rapid Arctic sea ice loss Marika Holland, NCAR With: C. Bitz (U.WA), B. Tremblay (McGill), D. Bailey (NCAR), J. Stroeve (NSIDC), M. Serreze (NSIDC), D. Lawrence (NCAR), S
More informationAn analysis of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) in an Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model
An analysis of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) in an Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model Virginie Guemas, David Salas-Mélia Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM)
More informationPatterns and impacts of ocean warming and heat uptake
Patterns and impacts of ocean warming and heat uptake Shang-Ping Xie Scripps Inst of Oceanography, UCSD Ocean warming & circulation change Ocean heat uptake & meridional overturning circulation Global
More informationAMOC Impacts on Climate
AMOC Impacts on Climate Rong Zhang GFDL/NOAA, Princeton, NJ, USA Paleo-AMOC Workshop, Boulder, CO, USA May 24, 2016 Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) Kuklbrodt et al. 2007 McManus et al.,
More informationNatural Centennial Tropical Pacific Variability in Coupled GCMs
Natural Centennial Tropical Pacific Variability in Coupled GCMs Jason E. Smerdon 1 Kris Karnauskas 2 Richard Seager 1 J. Fidel Gonzalez-Rouco 3 1 LDEO, 2 WHOI and 3 UCM Millennial Climate Model Simulations
More informationAtlantic Multidecadal Oscillation as seen in models, observations and paleo data
WWW.BJERKNES.UIB.NO Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation as seen in models, observations and paleo data Odd Helge Otterå, et al., oddho@nersc.no G.C. Rieber Climate Institute, NERSC, Bergen Bjerknes Centre
More informationShort-Term Climate Variability (Ch.15) Volcanos and Climate Other Causes of Holocene Climate Change
Short-Term Climate Variability (Ch.15) Volcanos and Climate Other Causes of Holocene Climate Change Volcanos and Climate We learned in Chapter 12 that the volanos play an important role in Earth s climate
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature11784 Methods The ECHO-G model and simulations The ECHO-G model 29 consists of the 19-level ECHAM4 atmospheric model and 20-level HOPE-G ocean circulation model.
More informationExternally forced and internal variability in multi-decadal climate evolution
Externally forced and internal variability in multi-decadal climate evolution During the last 150 years, the increasing atmospheric concentration of anthropogenic greenhouse gases has been the main driver
More informationChallenges for Climate Science in the Arctic. Ralf Döscher Rossby Centre, SMHI, Sweden
Challenges for Climate Science in the Arctic Ralf Döscher Rossby Centre, SMHI, Sweden The Arctic is changing 1) Why is Arctic sea ice disappearing so rapidly? 2) What are the local and remote consequences?
More informationTransient response of the MOC and climate to potential melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet in the 21st century
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 36, L10707, doi:10.1029/2009gl037998, 2009 Transient response of the MOC and climate to potential melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet in the
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION DOI: 10.1038/NGEO1189 Different magnitudes of projected subsurface ocean warming around Greenland and Antarctica Jianjun Yin 1*, Jonathan T. Overpeck 1, Stephen M. Griffies 2,
More informationATMS 321: Natural Climate Variability Chapter 11
ATMS 321: Natural Climate Variability Chapter 11 Solar Variability: Total solar irradiance variability is relatively small about a tenth of a percent. Ultraviolet variability is larger, and so could affect
More informationWhen Did the Anthropocene Begin? Observations and Climate Model Simulations
When Did the Anthropocene Begin? Observations and Climate Model Simulations by John Kutzbach University of Wisconsin-Madison March 31, 2011 Colleagues: W. Ruddiman, S. Vavrus, G. Philippon-Berrthier Main
More informationCESM1-WACCM: Comparison with CCSM4/ CESM CMIP5 simulations
CESM1-WACCM: Comparison with CCSM4/ CESM CMIP5 simulations Dan Marsh, Mike Mills, Natalia Calvo, Marika Holland, Cécile Hannay WAWG meeting, Boulder, February 2011 NCAR is sponsored by the National Science
More informationAn Arctic Perspective on Climate Change
An Arctic Perspective on Climate Change 23 Oct 2012 Gifford Miller (and many others) University of Colorado Boulder The Earth is warming How do we know? Temperature Anomaly ( C) It s a fact Global Land
More informationEffects of Large Volcanic Eruptions on Global Summer Climate and East Asian Monsoon Changes
The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still
More informationHistorical Changes in Climate
Historical Changes in Climate Medieval Warm Period (MWP) Little Ice Age (LIA) Lamb, 1969 Hunters in the snow by Pieter Bruegel, 1565 Retreat of the Rhone Glacier shown by comparing the drawing from 1750
More informationHow Volcanism Impacts on Tropical Atlantic PPT. Luciana F. Prado Ilana Wainer
How Volcanism Impacts on Tropical Atlantic PPT Luciana F. Prado Ilana Wainer Two leading modes of Tropical Atlantic SST variability Equatorial Zonal Mode (zonal) ( Atlantic Mode Niño ~38% Meridional Mode
More informationClimate response to large, high-latitude and low-latitude volcanic eruptions in the Community Climate System Model
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 114,, doi:10.1029/2008jd011222, 2009 Climate response to large, high-latitude and low-latitude volcanic eruptions in the Community Climate System Model David P. Schneider,
More informationClimate sensitivity of coupled models with differing ocean components
Climate sensitivity of coupled models with differing ocean components Alex Megann, Adam Blaker and Adrian New National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK LOM Workshop, Miami, February 2011 Overview Introduction
More informationOcean Mixing and Climate Change
Ocean Mixing and Climate Change Factors inducing seawater mixing Different densities Wind stirring Internal waves breaking Tidal Bottom topography Biogenic Mixing (??) In general, any motion favoring turbulent
More informationThe early 20th century warming in the Arctic A possible mechanism
The early 20th century warming in the Arctic A possible mechanism Lennart Bengtsson Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany ESSC, University of Reading, UK Thanks to Vladimir Semenov and
More informationSpeleothems and Climate Models
Earth and Life Institute Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium Speleothems and Climate Models Qiuzhen YIN Summer School on Speleothem Science,
More informationAnticipated changes in the Nordic Seas marine climate: Scenarios for 2020, 2050, and 2080.
Anticipated changes in the Nordic Seas marine climate: Scenarios for 2020, 2050, and 2080. By Tore Furevik 1, Helge Drange 2, and Asgeir Sorteberg 1,3 1 Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen 2 Nansen
More informationCan Arctic sea ice decline drive a slow-down of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)?
Can Arctic sea ice decline drive a slow-down of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)? September 2012 NASA Alexey Fedorov Yale University with Florian Sevellec (NOC, Southampton) and Wei
More informationNORTH ATLANTIC DECADAL-TO- MULTIDECADAL VARIABILITY - MECHANISMS AND PREDICTABILITY
NORTH ATLANTIC DECADAL-TO- MULTIDECADAL VARIABILITY - MECHANISMS AND PREDICTABILITY Noel Keenlyside Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen Jin Ba, Jennifer Mecking, and Nour-Eddine Omrani NTU International
More informationHow de-coupling cloud radiative feedbacks strengthens the AMOC
How de-coupling cloud radiative feedbacks strengthens the AMOC Elizabeth Maroon1, Eleanor Middlemas2, Jennifer Kay1, Brian Medeiros3 1CIRES, University of Colorado Boulder, 2University of Miami, 3National
More informationOn Modeling the Oceanic Heat Fluxes from the North Pacific / Atlantic into the Arctic Ocean
On Modeling the Oceanic Heat Fluxes from the North Pacific / Atlantic into the Arctic Ocean Wieslaw Maslowski Naval Postgraduate School Collaborators: Jaclyn Clement Kinney Terry McNamara, John Whelan
More informationClimate Change: Past and Future ERTH 303, 3 December, 2009
Climate Change: Past and Future ERTH 303, 3 December, 2009 a) Defining climate change b) Patterns of past climate change c) Causes of past climate change 1 2006 temperature relative to 1951-1980 means
More informationObserved rate of loss of Arctic ice extent is faster than IPCC AR4 predictions
When will Summer Arctic Sea Ice Disappear? Wieslaw Maslowski Naval Postgraduate School Collaborators: Jaclyn Clement Kinney, Andrew Miller, Terry McNamara, John Whelan - Naval Postgraduate School Jay Zwally
More informationClimate Change. April 21, 2009
Climate Change Chapter 16 April 21, 2009 Reconstructing Past Climates Techniques Glacial landscapes (fossils) CLIMAP (ocean sediment) Ice cores (layering of precipitation) p Otoliths (CaCO 3 in fish sensory
More informationLecture 1. Amplitude of the seasonal cycle in temperature
Lecture 6 Lecture 1 Ocean circulation Forcing and large-scale features Amplitude of the seasonal cycle in temperature 1 Atmosphere and ocean heat transport Trenberth and Caron (2001) False-colour satellite
More informationTOPIC #12 NATURAL CLIMATIC FORCING
TOPIC #12 NATURAL CLIMATIC FORCING (Start on p 67 in Class Notes) p 67 ENERGY BALANCE (review) Global climate variability and change are caused by changes in the ENERGY BALANCE that are FORCED review FORCING
More informationSensitivity of the Younger Dryas climate to changes in freshwater, orbital, and greenhouse gas forcing in CESM1.
OCE-1536630 EAR-0903071 Sensitivity of the Younger Dryas climate to changes in freshwater, orbital, and greenhouse gas forcing in CESM1. The 21 st Annual CESM Workshop Paleoclimate Working Group Taylor
More informationInvestigating the Tropical and South Atlantic variability during the last Millenium
Investigating the Tropical and South Atlantic variability during the last Millenium Volcanism and air-sea interaction processes in the equatorial Atlantic Luciana F. Prado, I. Wainer, M. Khodri Instituto
More informationResponse of Thermohaline Circulation to Freshwater. Forcing under Present Day and LGM Conditions
Response of Thermohaline Circulation to Freshwater Forcing under Present Day and LGM Conditions Aixue Hu 1, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner 1, Gerald A. Meehl 1, Weiqing Han 2, Carrie Morrill 3, Esther C. Brady
More informationArctic Climate Change. Glen Lesins Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie University Create Summer School, Alliston, July 2013
Arctic Climate Change Glen Lesins Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie University Create Summer School, Alliston, July 2013 When was this published? Observational Evidence for Arctic
More informationTopic 6: Insolation and the Seasons
Topic 6: Insolation and the Seasons Solar Radiation and Insolation Insolation: In Sol ation The Sun is the primary source of energy for the earth. The rate at which energy is radiated is called Intensity
More informationThe Arctic Ocean Climate a balance between local radiation, advected heat and freshwater
The Arctic Ocean Climate a balance between local radiation, advected heat and freshwater Bert Rudels Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland French Arctic Initiative, Collège de France, Paris,
More informationArctic sea ice falls below 4 million square kilometers
SOURCE : http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/ Arctic sea ice falls below 4 million square kilometers September 5, 2012 The National Snow and Ice Data Center : Advancing knowledge of Earth's frozen regions
More informationAMOC Response to Climate Change: Questions after TRACE21
AMOC Response to Climate Change: Questions after TRACE21 Zhengyu Liu University of Wisconsin-Madison TRACE21 collaborators Jiang Zhu, UW-Madison Wei Liu, Yale Univ. Esther Brady, NCAR Bette Otto-Bliesner,
More informationLET NOT THAT ICE MELT IN SVALBARD S. RAJAN, INCOIS NEELU SINGH, NCAOR
LET NOT THAT ICE MELT IN SVALBARD S. RAJAN, INCOIS NEELU SINGH, NCAOR 1. Arctic (surface air) temperatures are rising twice as fast as the temperatures in the rest of the world (Amplification). The Arctic
More informationAssessing how North Atlantic ocean overturning has varied over the last 50 years
Assessing how North Atlantic ocean overturning has varied over the last 50 years Vassil Roussenov 1, Ric Williams 1, M. Susan Lozier 2 and Doug Smith 3 1. School of Environmental Sciences, University of
More informationThe North Atlantic Oscillation: Climatic Significance and Environmental Impact
1 The North Atlantic Oscillation: Climatic Significance and Environmental Impact James W. Hurrell National Center for Atmospheric Research Climate and Global Dynamics Division, Climate Analysis Section
More informationBering Strait, AMOC hysteresis, and abrupt climate change
DOE/UCAR Cooperative Agreement Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program Bering Strait, AMOC hysteresis, and abrupt climate change Aixue Hu Gerald A. Meehl, Weiqing Han, Axel Timmerman, Bette Otto-Bliester,
More informationTOPIC #12. Wrap Up on GLOBAL CLIMATE PATTERNS
TOPIC #12 Wrap Up on GLOBAL CLIMATE PATTERNS POLE EQUATOR POLE Now lets look at a Pole to Pole Transect review ENERGY BALANCE & CLIMATE REGIONS (wrap up) Tropics Subtropics Subtropics Polar Extratropics
More informationSea Ice Modeling for Climate Applications. Marika M Holland (NCAR) David Bailey (NCAR), Cecilia Bitz (U. Washington), Elizabeth Hunke (LANL)
Sea Ice Modeling for Climate Applications Marika M Holland (NCAR) David Bailey (NCAR), Cecilia Bitz (U. Washington), Elizabeth Hunke (LANL) Surface albedo > 0.8 < 0.1 Why do we care about sea ice? Surface
More informationLower Stratospheric Cooling. and. Abrupt Change in Arctic Sea Ice
Lower Stratospheric Cooling and Abrupt Change in Arctic Sea Ice Carl Drews March 16, 2007 ATOC 7500-002 Human Influences on Weather and Climate University of Colorado at Boulder Dr. Roger Pielke Sr, Instructor
More informationExtreme, transient Moisture Transport in the high-latitude North Atlantic sector and Impacts on Sea-ice concentration:
AR conference, June 26, 2018 Extreme, transient Moisture Transport in the high-latitude North Atlantic sector and Impacts on Sea-ice concentration: associated Dynamics, including Weather Regimes & RWB
More informationATOC OUR CHANGING ENVIRONMENT Class 19 (Chp 6) Objectives of Today s Class: The Cryosphere [1] Components, time scales; [2] Seasonal snow
ATOC 1060-002 OUR CHANGING ENVIRONMENT Class 19 (Chp 6) Objectives of Today s Class: The Cryosphere [1] Components, time scales; [2] Seasonal snow cover, permafrost, river and lake ice, ; [3]Glaciers and
More informationOutline: 1) Extremes were triggered by anomalous synoptic patterns 2) Cloud-Radiation-PWV positive feedback on 2007 low SIE
Identifying Dynamical Forcing and Cloud-Radiative Feedbacks Critical to the Formation of Extreme Arctic Sea-Ice Extent in the Summers of 2007 and 1996 Xiquan Dong University of North Dakota Outline: 1)
More informationPaleoclimatology ATMS/ESS/OCEAN 589. Abrupt Climate Change During the Last Glacial Period
Paleoclimatology ATMS/ESS/OCEAN 589 Ice Age Cycles Are they fundamentaly about ice, about CO2, or both? Abrupt Climate Change During the Last Glacial Period Lessons for the future? The Holocene Early Holocene
More informationVariability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)
Variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) Rowan Sutton Director of Climate Research UK National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) Department of Meteorology University of
More informationSC-WACCM! and! Problems with Specifying the Ozone Hole
SC-WACCM! and! Problems with Specifying the Ozone Hole R. Neely III, K. Smith2, D. Marsh,L. Polvani2 NCAR, 2Columbia Thanks to: Mike Mills, Francis Vitt and Sean Santos Motivation To design a stratosphere-resolving
More informationCLIMATE AND CLIMATE CHANGE MIDTERM EXAM ATM S 211 FEB 9TH 2012 V1
CLIMATE AND CLIMATE CHANGE MIDTERM EXAM ATM S 211 FEB 9TH 2012 V1 Name: Student ID: Please answer the following questions on your Scantron Multiple Choice [1 point each] (1) The gases that contribute to
More informationImpacts of historical ozone changes on climate in GFDL-CM3
Impacts of historical ozone changes on climate in GFDL-CM3 Larry Horowitz (GFDL) with: Vaishali Naik (GFDL), Pu Lin (CICS), and M. Daniel Schwarzkopf (GFDL) WMO (2014) Figure ADM 5-1 1 Response of tropospheric
More informationJennifer Francis Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University In collaboration with Steve Vavrus, U. of Wisconsin
Jennifer Francis Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University In collaboration with Steve Vavrus, U. of Wisconsin Arctic Linkages Workshop National Academies of Sciences 12-13 September
More informationMERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION: SOME BASICS AND ITS MULTI-DECADAL VARIABILITY
MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION: SOME BASICS AND ITS MULTI-DECADAL VARIABILITY Gokhan Danabasoglu National Center for Atmospheric Research OUTLINE: - Describe thermohaline and meridional overturning
More informationAtmospheric Sciences 321. Science of Climate. Lecture 20: More Ocean: Chapter 7
Atmospheric Sciences 321 Science of Climate Lecture 20: More Ocean: Chapter 7 Community Business Quiz discussion Next Topic will be Chapter 8, Natural Climate variability in the instrumental record. Homework
More informationSecond-Order Draft Chapter 10 IPCC WG1 Fourth Assessment Report
Second-Order Draft Chapter IPCC WG Fourth Assessment Report Figure... Multi model mean changes in a) zonal mean cloud fraction (in %), shown as a cross section though the atmosphere, and b) total cloud
More informationTEMPERATURE GRADIENTS AND GLACIATION. Chris Brierley & Alexey Fedorov
TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS AND GLACIATION Chris Brierley & Alexey Fedorov Outline Recap on the warm early Pliocene (as we have reconstructed it) Methodology to compare meridional SST gradient impacts and zonal
More informationImpact of the Melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in 21st Century Model Projections
Impact of the Melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in 21st Century Model Projections Item Type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Beadling, Rebecca Lynn Publisher
More informationThe Influence of Obliquity on Quaternary Climate
The Influence of Obliquity on Quaternary Climate Michael P. Erb 1, C. S. Jackson 1, and A. J. Broccoli 2 1 Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 2 Department of Environmental
More informationEl Niño-Southern Oscillation and global warming: new data from old corals
El Niño-Southern Oscillation and global warming: new data from old corals Kim M. Cobb Georgia Inst. of Technology Chris Charles, Scripps Inst. of Oceanography Larry Edwards, Hai Cheng, UMN Emory University
More informationDiagnosis of Relative Humidity Changes in a Warmer Climate Using Tracers of Last Saturation
Diagnosis of Relative Humidity Changes in a Warmer Climate Using Tracers of Last Saturation 8 March, 2011 Jonathon Wright Department of Applied Mathematics & Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge
More informationAgulhas Leakage in the CCSM4. Wilbert Weijer (LANL, Los Alamos) Erik van Sebille (UNSW, Sydney)
Agulhas Leakage in the CCSM4 Wilbert Weijer (LANL, Los Alamos) Erik van Sebille (UNSW, Sydney) Slide 1 Agulhas Leakage Exchange of water between South Indian and Atlantic Oceans Takes part in Supergyre
More informationIntroduction to Climate ~ Part I ~
2015/11/16 TCC Seminar JMA Introduction to Climate ~ Part I ~ Shuhei MAEDA (MRI/JMA) Climate Research Department Meteorological Research Institute (MRI/JMA) 1 Outline of the lecture 1. Climate System (
More informationSteven Feldstein. The link between tropical convection and the Arctic warming on intraseaonal and interdecadal time scales
The link between tropical convection and the Arctic warming on intraseaonal and interdecadal time scales Steven Feldstein The Pennsylvania State University Collaborators: Sukyoung Lee, Hyoseok Park, Tingting
More informationisopycnal outcrop w < 0 (downwelling), v < 0 L.I. V. P.
Ocean 423 Vertical circulation 1 When we are thinking about how the density, temperature and salinity structure is set in the ocean, there are different processes at work depending on where in the water
More informationRapid climate change in ice cores
Rapid climate change in ice cores Liz Thomas British Antarctic Survey Overview Introduction to ice cores Evidence of rapid climate change in the Greenland ice cores DO events Younger Dryas 8.2 kyr cold
More informationLecture 8. The Holocene and Recent Climate Change
Lecture 8 The Holocene and Recent Climate Change Recovery from the last ice age About 15,000 years ago, the earth began to warm and the huge ice sheets covering much of North America and Eurasia began
More informationLand Surface Sea Ice Land Ice. (from Our Changing Planet)
Lecture 5: Land Surface and Cryosphere (Outline) Land Surface Sea Ice Land Ice (from Our Changing Planet) Earth s s Climate System Solar forcing Atmosphere Ocean Land Solid Earth Energy, Water, and Biochemistry
More informationEarth s Climate System. Surface Albedo. Climate Roles of Land Surface. Lecture 5: Land Surface and Cryosphere (Outline) Land Surface Sea Ice Land Ice
Lecture 5: Land Surface and Cryosphere (Outline) Earth s Climate System Solar forcing Land Surface Sea Ice Land Ice Atmosphere Ocean Land Solid Earth Energy, Water, and Biochemistry Cycles (from Our Changing
More informationA GCM Reconstruction of the Last Glacial Inception
A GCM Reconstruction of the Last Glacial Inception Megan Essig 1, Francis Otieno 2, Robert Oglesby 1, David Bromwich 2 1 Department of Geosciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 2 Polar Meteorology Group,
More informationContinental Hydrology, Rapid Climate Change, and the Intensity of the Atlantic MOC: Insights from Paleoclimatology
Continental Hydrology, Rapid Climate Change, and the Intensity of the Atlantic MOC: Insights from Paleoclimatology W.R. Peltier Department of Physics University of Toronto WOCE derived N-S salinity section
More informationThe linear additivity of the forcings' responses in the energy and water cycles. Nathalie Schaller, Jan Cermak, Reto Knutti and Martin Wild
The linear additivity of the forcings' responses in the energy and water cycles Nathalie Schaller, Jan Cermak, Reto Knutti and Martin Wild WCRP OSP, Denver, 27th October 2011 1 Motivation How will precipitation
More informationDeep Ocean Circulation & implications for Earth s climate
Deep Ocean Circulation & implications for Earth s climate I. Ocean Layers and circulation types 1) Ocean Layers Ocean is strongly Stratified Consists of distinct LAYERS controlled by density takes huge
More informationClimate Feedbacks from ERBE Data
Climate Feedbacks from ERBE Data Why Is Lindzen and Choi (2009) Criticized? Zhiyu Wang Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Utah March 9, 2010 / Earth Climate System Outline 1 Introduction
More informationSize matters: another reason why the Atlantic is saltier than the Pacific C.S. Jones and Paola Cessi
Size matters: another reason why the Atlantic is saltier than the Pacific C.S. Jones and Paola Cessi Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego Proposed reasons for Atlantic
More informationGreenhouse Effect & Global Warming
Chemical Cycles: Greenhouse Effect: Cause and effect Chemical Cycles: CO 2 and O 2 Chemical Fluxes: CO 2 and O 2 Proxies for climate change: Isotopes Greenhouse Effect & Global Warming Global Warming World
More informationClimate changes in Finland, but how? Jouni Räisänen Department of Physics, University of Helsinki
Climate changes in Finland, but how? Jouni Räisänen Department of Physics, University of Helsinki 19.9.2012 Outline Some basic questions and answers about climate change How are projections of climate
More informationVolcanic impact on the Atlantic Ocean over the last millennium
Clim. Past, 7, 1439 1455, 211 www.clim-past.net/7/1439/211/ doi:1.5194/cp-7-1439-211 Author(s) 211. CC Attribution 3. License. Climate of the Past Volcanic impact on the Atlantic Ocean over the last millennium
More informationIMPACTS OF A WARMING ARCTIC
The Earth s Greenhouse Effect Most of the heat energy emitted from the surface is absorbed by greenhouse gases which radiate heat back down to warm the lower atmosphere and the surface. Increasing the
More informationSensitivity of sea ice to wind-stress and radiative forcing since 1500: a model study of the Little Ice Age and beyond
Clim Dyn DOI 10.1007/s00382-008-0406-6 Sensitivity of sea ice to wind-stress and radiative forcing since 1500: a model study of the Little Ice Age and beyond Jan Sedláček Æ Lawrence A. Mysak Received:
More informationThe role of North Atlantic Ocean dynamics in simulating glacial inception: a study with CCSM4
The role of North Atlantic Ocean dynamics in simulating glacial inception: a study with CCSM4 Feng He, Steve J. Vavrus, John E. Kutzbach Center for Climatic Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison William
More informationFossil coral snapshots of ENSO and tropical Pacific climate over the late Holocene
Fossil coral snapshots of ENSO and tropical Pacific climate over the late Holocene Kim Cobb Georgia Inst. of Technology Chris Charles Scripps Inst of Oceanography Larry Edwards Hai Cheng University of
More information