Fault-Zone Properties arid Earthquake Rupture Dynamics
|
|
- Julian Carson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Fault-Zone Properties arid Earthquake Rupture Dynamics Eiichi Fukuyama National Research Institute for Earth Science,and Disaster Prevention Tsukuba, Japan i ':-> i' ' -':'.." \,' " '' L VH ELSEVIER AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK-OXFORD-PARIS-SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier
2 Contents Preface.. xi Foreword xiii List of Contributors, xv 1. Introduction: Fault-Zone Properties and Earthquake Rupture Dynamics. 1 Eiichi Fukuyama 2. Geometry and Slip Distribution of Coseismic Surface Ruptures Produced by the 2001 Kunlun, Northern Tibet, Earthquake 15 Aiming Lin 1. Introduction Tectonic Setting ' Deformation Characteristics of the 2001 Coseismic Surface Rupture , Geometric Distribution and Deformational Structure Coseismic Slip Distribution Measurement Method of Strike-Slip Offset ' Field Observations Analysis of High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images Seismic Inversion Results Discussion, Relationship between the Coseismic Surface Rupture and Preexisting Fault Coseismic Strike-Slip Displacement Conclusions " Aseismic-Seismic Transition and Fluid Regime along Subduction Plate Boundaries and a Fossil Example from the Northern Apennines of Italy 37 Paola Vannucchi, Francesca Remitti, Jason Phipps-Morgan and Giuseppe Bettelli 1. Introduction " Deformation and Seismogenesis at Accretionary and Erosive Subduction Margins Seismogenic Zone^ Definition, Slow Slip Events and Seismic Tremors Seismically Produced Structures - 48
3 i) Contents 6. The Up-Dip Limit of Seismogenesis in a Fossil Erosive Subduction Channel ' Subduction Channel Architecture Subduction Channel Internal Structure: A Low-Friction Plate Boundary Discussion and Comparison between Erosive and Accretionary Seismogenic Zones, " -'58-8. Conclusions and Future Perspective 59 4 Fault Zone Structure and Deformation Processes along an Exhumed Low-Angle Normal Fault: Implications for Seismic Behavior 69 Cristiano Collettini, Robert E. Holdsworth and Steven A. F. Smith 1. Introduction f Regional Setting.,. ' / Fault Zone Architecture..' j Geometry and kinematics c Fault Rock Distribution and Microstructures Discussion ' ' Fault Rock Evolution '. The Mechanical Paradox of Low-Angle Normal Faults A Slip Model for Low-Angle Normal Faults (Evidences That ZF Was Active as LAN F) Conclusions " 82 5 Pseudotachylytes and Earthquake Source Mechanics 87 Giulio Di Toro, Giorgio Pennacchioni and Stefan Nielsen 1. Introduction Pseudotachylytes Mesoscale Geometry of Pseudotachylyte Microstructures and Geochemistry in Pseudotachylytes Temperature Estimate of Frictional Melts Distribution of Tectonic Pseudotachylytes Production of Pseudotachylytes ~ The Role of Water A Natural Laboratory of an Exhumed Seismogenic Source Rupture Dynamics -.. ' Transient Stress Pattern Examples of Transient Stress Markers Observed Dynamic Fault Strength ' Field Estimates, r 111 " 5.2. Experimental Results >...' Theoretical Estimates ' 116 6". Discussions and Conclusions A New Approach to the Study of Exhumed Pseudotachylyte-Bearing Faults 123
4 Contents. ( vii ) 6. The Critical Slip Distance for Seismic and Aseismic Fault Zones of Finite Width 135, Chris Marone, Massimo Cocco, Eliza Richardson and Elisa Tinti 1 1. Introduction Friction Laws and the Transition from Static to Kinetic Friction Contact.Model for the Critical Slip Distance of Solid Surfaces and Shear Zones Model for a Shear Zone of Finite Thickness Results Implications for Scaling of the Dynamic Slip Weakening Distance 151 h 7. Discussion Scaling of Slip Weakening Distance with Final Slip *' during Dynamic Earthquake Rupture 163 Massimo Cocco, Elisa Tinti, Chris Marone and Alessio Piatanesi "' ' 1. Introduction Rupture History from Kinematic Source Models Inferring Traction Evolution f69 4. Measuring D c 'from Peak Slip Velocity Measuring D c from Inferred Traction Evolution Curves Scaling between D c and Final Slip Discussion and Concluding Remarks Rupture Dynamics on Bimaterial Faults and Nonlinear Off-Fault Damage ' N 187 Teruo Yamashita 1. Introduction Formation of Damage Zone due to Dynamic Fault Growth Inference about Orientation and Distribution of.secondary Fractures ' Modeling of Generation of Tensile Microfractures Modeling of Dynamic Generation of Mesoscopic Shear Branches Effects of Damage on Earthquake Rupture in a Poroelastic Medium Rheology of Damage Zone, Fault Growth on a Bimaterial Interface Field Observation of Faults Quasi-Static Features of In-Plane Tensile Crack Theoretical and Numerical Studies of Dynamic Fault Slip Regularization of an Ill-Posed Problem Poroelastic Bimaterial Effects on Fault Slip - 206
5 Contents - 3.6; How Much Are Earthquake Ruptures Influenced by Bimaterial Effects? : Macroscopic Parameter Affected by the Existence of Fault at Bimaterial Interface, Concluding Remarks Boundary integral Equation Method for Earthquake Rupture Dynamics / 217 Taku Tada 1. Introduction Basic Equations General Description 218, 2.2. Planar Fault of Two-Dimensional Nature Three-and Two-DimensiohaL Green's Functions Planar Fault of Three-Dimensionaf Nature RegularizatioVi. ' ^ Hypersingularities in the Integration Kernels Planar Two-Dimensional Antiplane Fault Planar Three-Dimensional Fault Planar Two-Dimensional In-Plane Fault! Isolating the Instantaneous Response Term 232 -r 4. Spatiotemporal Discretization Boundary Elements and Time Steps Discretizing the Equations Implicit Time-Marching Scheme Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy Condition and the Explicit Time-Marching Scheme Evaluating Discrete Integration Kernels Planar Two-Dimensional Antiplane Fault Planar Two-Dimensional In-Plane Fault Planar Three-Dimensional Fault Interface with the Two-Dimensional Theory Dealing with Nonplanar Faults Overview Evaluating Discrete Integration Kernels Inventory of Available Stress Response Functions Linear Fault Element in a Two r Dimensional Medium^ Rectangular Fault Element in a Three-Dimensional. Medium. 253' Triangular Fault Element in a Three-Dimensional Medium Numerical Modeling Studies in the Literature Numerical-Stability Related Topics Fracture Criterion, Formulation in the Fourier and Laplace Domains.. 257
6 Contents ' ( fa 8.3. Displacement Discontinuity BIEM Fault Opening Faults in a Half-Space Galerkin Method Conclusion Dynamjc Rupture Propagation of the 1995 Kobe, Japan, Earthquake ' 269 Eiichi Fukuyama 1. Introduction - : 269 ^2. Computation Method Fault Model ' Computation Results Discussion and Conclusion. 277 List of Abbreviations 285 Index 289
Earthquake and Volcano Deformation
Earthquake and Volcano Deformation Paul Segall Stanford University Draft Copy September, 2005 Last Updated Sept, 2008 COPYRIGHT NOTICE: To be published by Princeton University Press and copyrighted, c
More informationEXAMINATION ON CONSECUTIVE RUPTURING OF TWO CLOSE FAULTS BY DYNAMIC SIMULATION
EXAMINATION ON CONSECUTIVE RUPTURING OF TWO CLOSE FAULTS BY DYNAMIC SIMULATION M. Muto 1, K. Dan 1, H. Torita 1, Y. Ohashi 1, and Y. Kase 2 1 Ohsaki Research Institute, Inc., Tokyo, Japan 2 National Institute
More informationAPPLIED PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
APPLIED PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AN I N T R O D U C T I O N ALAN JEFFREY University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne ACADEMIC PRESS An imprint of Elsevier Science Amsterdam Boston London New York Oxford Paris
More informationThe Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting Christopher H. Scholz Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University 2nd edition CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY
More informationSystem Dynamics for Engineering Students Concepts and Applications
System Dynamics for Engineering Students Concepts and Applications Nicolae Lobontiu University of Alaska Anchorage "Ж AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE
More informationFRICTIONAL HEATING DURING AN EARTHQUAKE. Kyle Withers Qian Yao
FRICTIONAL HEATING DURING AN EARTHQUAKE Kyle Withers Qian Yao Temperature Change Along Fault Mode II (plain strain) crack rupturing bilaterally at a constant speed v r Idealize earthquake ruptures as shear
More informationThe critical slip distance for seismic and aseismic fault zones of finite width
The critical slip distance for seismic and aseismic fault zones of finite width Chris Marone 1, Massimo Cocco, Eliza Richardson 1, and Elisa Tinti Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome,
More informationEffect of an outer-rise earthquake on seismic cycle of large interplate earthquakes estimated from an instability model based on friction mechanics
Effect of an outer-rise earthquake on seismic cycle of large interplate earthquakes estimated from an instability model based on friction mechanics Naoyuki Kato (1) and Tomowo Hirasawa (2) (1) Geological
More informationBrittle Deformation. Earth Structure (2 nd Edition), 2004 W.W. Norton & Co, New York Slide show by Ben van der Pluijm
Lecture 6 Brittle Deformation Earth Structure (2 nd Edition), 2004 W.W. Norton & Co, New York Slide show by Ben van der Pluijm WW Norton, unless noted otherwise Brittle deformation EarthStructure (2 nd
More informationSeismic and aseismic processes in elastodynamic simulations of spontaneous fault slip
Seismic and aseismic processes in elastodynamic simulations of spontaneous fault slip Most earthquake simulations study either one large seismic event with full inertial effects or long-term slip history
More informationFundamentals of Nuclear Reactor Physics
Fundamentals of Nuclear Reactor Physics E. E. Lewis Professor of Mechanical Engineering McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science Northwestern University AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW
More informationDevelopment of a Predictive Simulation System for Crustal Activities in and around Japan - II
Development of a Predictive Simulation System for Crustal Activities in and around Japan - II Project Representative Mitsuhiro Matsu'ura Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo Authors Mitsuhiro
More informationEffect of normal stress during rupture propagation along nonplanar faults
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 107, NO. B2, 2038, 10.1029/2001JB000500, 2002 Effect of normal stress during rupture propagation along nonplanar faults Hideo Aochi and Raúl Madariaga Laboratoire
More informationSTOCHASTIC PROCESSES IN PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
STOCHASTIC PROCESSES IN PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY Third edition N.G. VAN KAMPEN Institute for Theoretical Physics of the University at Utrecht ELSEVIER Amsterdam Boston Heidelberg London New York Oxford Paris
More informationHitoshi Hirose (1), and Kazuro Hirahara (2) Abstract. Introduction
Three dimensional simulation for the earthquake cycle at a subduction zone based on a rate- and state-dependent friction law: Insight into a finiteness and a variety of dip-slip earthquakes Hitoshi Hirose
More informationDepth variation of coseismic stress drop explains bimodal earthquake magnitude-frequency distribution
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 35, L24301, doi:10.1029/2008gl036249, 2008 Depth variation of coseismic stress drop explains bimodal earthquake magnitude-frequency distribution
More informationThe Finite Element Method for Solid and Structural Mechanics
The Finite Element Method for Solid and Structural Mechanics Sixth edition O.C. Zienkiewicz, CBE, FRS UNESCO Professor of Numerical Methods in Engineering International Centre for Numerical Methods in
More informationDigital Control Engineering Analysis and Design
Digital Control Engineering Analysis and Design M. Sami Fadali Antonio Visioli AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Academic Press is
More informationIntroduction: Advancing Simulations of Sequences of Earthquakes and Aseismic Slip (SEAS)
Introduction: Advancing Simulations of Sequences of Earthquakes and Aseismic Slip (SEAS) Brittany Erickson (Portland State University) Junle Jiang (University of California, San Diego) SCEC DR-SEAS Workshop,
More informationIntroduction to Volcanic Seismology
Introduction to Volcanic Seismology Second edition Vyacheslav M. Zobin Observatorio Vulcanolo'gico, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Col., Mexico ELSEVIER AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON * NEW YORK OXFORD
More informationEnvironmental Hydraulics of Open Channel Flows
Environmental Hydraulics of Open Channel Flows Hubert Chanson ME, ENSHM Grenoble, INSTN, PhD (Cant), DEng (Qld) Eur Ing, MIEAust, MIAHR 13th Arthur Ippen awardee (IAHR) Reader in Environmental Fluid Mechanics
More informationComputational Fluid Dynamics
Computational Fluid Dynamics A Practical Approach Jiyuan Tu RMIT University, Australia Guan Heng Yeoh Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Chaoqun Liu University of Texas, Arlington ^fl
More informationAnalysis Handbook. Metal Fatigue. for Computer-Aided Engineering. Barkey. Yung-Li Lee. Practical Problem-Solving Techniques. Hong-Tae Kang. Mark E.
Metal Fatigue Analysis Handbook Practical Problem-Solving Techniques for Computer-Aided Engineering Yung-Li Lee Mark E. Barkey Hong-Tae Kang ms- ELSEVIER AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD
More informationGEOPHYSICAL INVERSE THEORY AND REGULARIZATION PROBLEMS
Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics, 36 GEOPHYSICAL INVERSE THEORY AND REGULARIZATION PROBLEMS Michael S. ZHDANOV University of Utah Salt Lake City UTAH, U.S.A. 2OO2 ELSEVIER Amsterdam - Boston - London
More informationFeature Extraction and Image Processing
Feature Extraction and Image Processing Second edition Mark S. Nixon Alberto S. Aguado :*авш JBK IIP AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO
More informationA new hybrid numerical scheme for modelling elastodynamics in unbounded media with near-source heterogeneities
A new hybrid numerical scheme for modelling elastodynamics in unbounded media with near-source heterogeneities Setare Hajarolasvadi Ahmed E. Elbanna https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bltx92tuwha MOTIVATION
More informationFriction Constitutive Laws and. The Mechanics of Slow Earthquakes and the Spectrum of Fault Slip Behaviors
Friction Constitutive Laws and. The Mechanics of Slow Earthquakes and the Spectrum of Fault Slip Behaviors Chris Marone, The Pennsylvania State University John Leeman, Marco Scuderi, Elisa Tinti, Cristiano
More informationChallenges in earthquake physics and source imaging
Challenges in earthquake physics and source imaging Jean-Paul Ampuero and Nadia Lapusta (Caltech Seismolab) Main goals and current issues in earthquake dynamics The source imaging inverse problem Parallels
More informationScale Dependence in the Dynamics of Earthquake Rupture Propagation: Evidence from Geological and Seismological Observations
Euroconference of Rock Physics and Geomechanics: Natural hazards: thermo-hydro-mechanical processes in rocks Erice, Sicily, 25-30 September, 2007 Scale Dependence in the Dynamics of Earthquake Rupture
More informationMegathrust Earthquakes
Megathrust Earthquakes Susan Schwartz University of California Santa Cruz CIDER 2017 UC Berkeley July 5, 2017 The largest megathrust events are not uniformally distributed at all subduction zones. M>8
More informationDi#erences in Earthquake Source and Ground Motion Characteristics between Surface and Buried Crustal Earthquakes
Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst. Univ. Tokyo Vol. 2+,**0 pp.,/3,00 Di#erences in Earthquake Source and Ground Motion Characteristics between Surface and Buried Crustal Earthquakes Paul Somerville* and Arben Pitarka
More informationModeling Approaches That Reproduce a Range of Fault Slip Behaviors: What We Have and What We Need Nadia Lapusta. California Institute of Technology
Modeling Approaches That Reproduce a Range of Fault Slip Behaviors: What We Have and What We Need Nadia Lapusta California Institute of Technology Modeling Approaches That Reproduce a Range of Fault Slip
More informationSEISMIC SOURCES 1: FAULTING
SEISMOLOGY Master Degree Programme in Physics - UNITS Physics of the Earth and of the Environment SEISMIC SOURCES 1: FAULTING FABIO ROMANELLI Department of Mathematics & Geosciences University of Trieste
More information282 INDEX Computer models for brittle damage, 15f, 17f for damage zone thickness, 245f 247f, 249f for displacement, 86f for dynamic rupture, 43f, 248,
INDEX Acoustic emissions (AEs) in faults, 235f in fault strength, 231 32, 231t, 232f, 234 35, 235f friction and, 233f Acoustic energy, 238f 239f Active faults, 4f AEs. See Acoustic emissions Alaska. See
More informationFault Representation Methods for Spontaneous Dynamic Rupture Simulation. Luis A. Dalguer
Fault Representation Methods for Spontaneous Dynamic Rupture Simulation Luis A. Dalguer Computational Seismology Group Swiss Seismological Service (SED) ETH-Zurich July 12-18, 2011 2 st QUEST Workshop,
More informationGeophysical Data Analysis: Discrete Inverse Theory
Geophysical Data Analysis: Discrete Inverse Theory MATLAB Edition William Menke Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Columbia University. ' - Palisades, New
More informationWave Propagation in Anisotropic, Anelastic, Porous and Electromagnetic Media
SECTION I. SEISMIC EXPLORATION Volume 38 WAVE FIELDS IN REAL MEDIA: Wave Propagation in Anisotropic, Anelastic, Porous and Electromagnetic Media (SECOND EDITION, REVISED AND EXTENDED) by Jose M. CARCIONE
More informationThe Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow: An Introduction
The Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow: An Introduction Basic principles, sediment motion, hydraulic modelling, design of hydraulic structures Second Edition Hubert Chanson Department of Civil Engineering
More informationThe Missing Sinks: Slip Localization in Faults, Damage Zones, and the Seismic Energy Budget
The Missing Sinks: Slip Localization in Faults, Damage Zones, and the Seismic Energy Budget Zoe K. Shipton 1, James P. Evans 2, Rachel E. Abercrombie 3, and Emily E. Brodsky 4 The majority of work done
More informationVerification of the asperity model using seismogenic fault materials Abstract
Verification of the asperity model using seismogenic fault materials Takehiro Hirose*, Wataru Tanikawa and Weiren Lin Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research/JAMSTEC, JAPAN * Corresponding author: hiroset@jamstec.go.jp
More informationTHE SEISMIC CYCLE IN CARBONATE-BEARING FAULTS
THE SEISMIC CYCLE IN CARBONATE-BEARING FAULTS PhD candidate: MICHELE FONDRIEST, II course Tutor: Prof. GIULIO DI TORO Co-Tutors: PhD STEVEN SMITH, Prof. DARIO ZAMPIERI Cycle: XXVI Abstract The study of
More informationSynthetic Seismicity Models of Multiple Interacting Faults
Synthetic Seismicity Models of Multiple Interacting Faults Russell Robinson and Rafael Benites Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences, Box 30368, Lower Hutt, New Zealand (email: r.robinson@gns.cri.nz).
More informationTransition from stick-slip to stable sliding: the crucial effect of asperities
Transition from stick-slip to stable sliding: the crucial effect of asperities Strasbourg, 15 Nov. 2007 François Renard LGCA, CNRS-OSUG, University of Grenoble, France PGP, University of Oslo, Norway Collaborators:
More informationLecture 20: Slow Slip Events and Stress Transfer. GEOS 655 Tectonic Geodesy Jeff Freymueller
Lecture 20: Slow Slip Events and Stress Transfer GEOS 655 Tectonic Geodesy Jeff Freymueller Slow Slip Events From Kristine Larson What is a Slow Slip Event? Slip on a fault, like in an earthquake, BUT
More informationDIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS, AND AN INTRODUCTION TO CHAOS
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS, AND AN INTRODUCTION TO CHAOS Morris W. Hirsch University of California, Berkeley Stephen Smale University of California, Berkeley Robert L. Devaney Boston University
More informationGAME PHYSICS ENGINE DEVELOPMENT
GAME PHYSICS ENGINE DEVELOPMENT IAN MILLINGTON i > AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG fpf l LONDON. NEW YORK. OXFORD ^. PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO втс^н Г^ 4.«Mt-fSSKHbe. SINGAPORE. SYDNEY. TOKYO ELSEVIER
More informationStudy on the feature of surface rupture zone of the west of Kunlunshan pass earthquake ( M S 811) with high spatial resolution satellite images
48 2 2005 3 CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS Vol. 48, No. 2 Mar., 2005,,. M S 811.,2005,48 (2) :321 326 Shan X J, Li J H, Ma C. Study on the feature of surface rupture zone of the West of Kunlunshan Pass
More informationDIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS, AND AN INTRODUCTION TO CHAOS
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS, AND AN INTRODUCTION TO CHAOS Morris W. Hirsch University of California, Berkeley Stephen Smale University of California, Berkeley Robert L. Devaney Boston University
More informationMechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting Lectures & 3, 9/31 Aug 017 www.geosc.psu.edu/courses/geosc508 Discussion of Handin, JGR, 1969 and Chapter 1 Scholz, 00. Stress analysis and Mohr Circles Coulomb Failure
More informationAnnual Report for Research Work in the fiscal year 2006
JST Basic Research Programs C R E S T (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology) Annual Report for Research Work in the fiscal year 2006 Research Area : High Performance Computing for Multi-scale
More informationSource parameters II. Stress drop determination Energy balance Seismic energy and seismic efficiency The heat flow paradox Apparent stress drop
Source parameters II Stress drop determination Energy balance Seismic energy and seismic efficiency The heat flow paradox Apparent stress drop Source parameters II: use of empirical Green function for
More informationFault Specific, Dynamic Rupture Scenarios for Strong Ground Motion Prediction
Fault Specific, Dynamic Rupture Scenarios for Strong Ground Motion Prediction H. Sekiguchi Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan Blank Line 9 pt Y. Kase Active Fault and Earthquake
More informationON NEAR-FIELD GROUND MOTIONS OF NORMAL AND REVERSE FAULTS FROM VIEWPOINT OF DYNAMIC RUPTURE MODEL
1 Best Practices in Physics-based Fault Rupture Models for Seismic Hazard Assessment of Nuclear ON NEAR-FIELD GROUND MOTIONS OF NORMAL AND REVERSE FAULTS FROM VIEWPOINT OF DYNAMIC RUPTURE MODEL Hideo AOCHI
More informationMechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting www.geosc.psu.edu/courses/geosc508 Overview Milestones in continuum mechanics Concepts of modulus and stiffness. Stress-strain relations Elasticity Surface and body
More informationSpectral Element simulation of rupture dynamics
Spectral Element simulation of rupture dynamics J.-P. Vilotte & G. Festa Department of Seismology, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 75252 France ABSTRACT Numerical modeling is an important tool,
More informationGAME PHYSICS SECOND EDITION. дяййтаййг 1 *
GAME PHYSICS SECOND EDITION DAVID H. EBERLY дяййтаййг 1 * К AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO MORGAN ELSEVIER Morgan Kaufmann Publishers
More informationZoning surface rupture hazard along normal faults: insight from the 2009 M w 6.3 L Aquila, central Italy, earthquake and other global earthquakes
Zoning surface rupture hazard along normal faults: insight from the 2009 M w 6.3 L Aquila, central Italy, earthquake and other global earthquakes Boncio, P., Galli, P., Naso, G., Pizzi, A. Bulletin of
More informationStudy megathrust creep to understand megathrust earthquakes
1 Study megathrust creep to understand megathrust earthquakes Kelin Wang Pacific Geoscience Centre, Geological Survey of Canada, kelin.wang@canada.ca Introduction Once upon a time, there was a belief that
More informationThe Frictional Regime
The Frictional Regime Processes in Structural Geology & Tectonics Ben van der Pluijm WW Norton+Authors, unless noted otherwise 1/25/2016 10:08 AM We Discuss The Frictional Regime Processes of Brittle Deformation
More informationINTRODUCTION TO VOLCANIC SEISMOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO VOLCANIC SEISMOLOGY V.M. Zobin Observatorio Vulcanologico, Colima, Mexico ELSEVIER Amsterdam - Boston - Heidelberg - London - New York - Oxford Paris - San Diego - San Francisco - Singapore
More informationOverview of the PyLith Finite Element Code
Overview of the PyLith Finite Element Code www.geodynamics.org Charles Williams (GNS Science) Brad Aagaard (USGS) Matt Knepley (University of Chicago) CIG Software PyLith is a Tool for Crustal Deformation
More information3D modeling of the cycle of a great Tohoku oki earthquake, considering frictional behavior at low to high slip velocities
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 38,, doi:10.1029/2011gl049308, 2011 3D modeling of the cycle of a great Tohoku oki earthquake, considering frictional behavior at low to high slip velocities B. Shibazaki,
More informationTwo ways to think about the dynamics of earthquake ruptures
Two ways to think about the dynamics of earthquake ruptures (1) In terms of friction (2) In terms of fracture mechanics Scholz describes conditions for rupture propagation (i.e. instability) via energy
More informationSOURCE MODELING OF RECENT LARGE INLAND CRUSTAL EARTHQUAKES IN JAPAN AND SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION FOR STRONG MOTION PREDICTION
SOURCE MODELING OF RECENT LARGE INLAND CRUSTAL EARTHQUAKES IN JAPAN AND SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION FOR STRONG MOTION PREDICTION Kimiyuki Asano 1 and Tomotaka Iwata 2 1 Assistant Professor, Disaster Prevention
More informationEarthquake nucleation. Pablo Ampuero Caltech Seismolab
Earthquake nucleation Pablo Ampuero Caltech Seismolab How do earthquakes start? Do small and large earthquakes start differently? Predictive value of earthquake onset and foreshock sequences? Seismological
More information3D MODELING OF EARTHQUAKE CYCLES OF THE XIANSHUIHE FAULT, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA
3D MODELING OF EARTHQUAKE CYCLES OF THE XIANSHUIHE FAULT, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA Li Xiaofan MEE09177 Supervisor: Bunichiro Shibazaki ABSTRACT We perform 3D modeling of earthquake generation of the Xianshuihe
More informationThe Non-volcanic tremor observation in Northern Cascadia. Hsieh Hsin Sung 3/22
The Non-volcanic tremor observation in Northern Cascadia Hsieh Hsin Sung 3/22 Reference Kao, H., S. J. Shan, H. Dragert, and G. Rogers (2009), Northern Cascadia episodic tremor and slip: A decade of observations
More informationThe role of fault continuity at depth in numerical simulations of earthquake rupture
Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst. Univ. Tokyo Vol. 12,**- pp. 1/2, The role of fault continuity at depth in numerical simulations of earthquake rupture Hideo Aochi* Laboratoire de Géologie, E cole Normale Supérieure
More informationEarthquakes. Pt Reyes Station 1906
Earthquakes Pt Reyes Station 1906 Earthquakes Ground shaking caused by the sudden release of accumulated strain by an abrupt shift of rock along a fracture in the earth. You Live in Earthquake Country
More informationAVERAGE AND VARIATION OF FOCAL MECHANISM AROUND TOHOKU SUBDUCTION ZONE
13 th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 24 Paper No. 414 AVERAGE AND VARIATION OF FOCAL MECHANISM AROUND TOHOKU SUBDUCTION ZONE Shunroku YAMAMOTO 1 Naohito
More informationMechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting Lecture 16, 9 Nov. 2017 www.geosc.psu.edu/courses/geosc508 Energy Balance of dynamic rupture Crack tip stress field Frictional Rupture Fronts Meet in the lab (522
More informationAccelerating energy release prior to large events in simulated earthquake cycles: implications for earthquake forecasting
Accelerating energy release prior to large events in simulated earthquake cycles: implications for earthquake forecasting Peter Mora and David Place QUAKES, Department of Earth Sciences, The University
More informationMechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting Lecture 20, 30 Nov. 2017 www.geosc.psu.edu/courses/geosc508 Seismic Spectra & Earthquake Scaling laws. Seismic Spectra & Earthquake Scaling laws. Aki, Scaling law
More informationMaterials and Methods The deformation within the process zone of a propagating fault can be modeled using an elastic approximation.
Materials and Methods The deformation within the process zone of a propagating fault can be modeled using an elastic approximation. In the process zone, stress amplitudes are poorly determined and much
More informationExploring Monte Carlo Methods
Exploring Monte Carlo Methods William L Dunn J. Kenneth Shultis AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO ELSEVIER Academic Press Is an imprint
More informationEFFECTS OF NON-LINEAR WEAKENING ON EARTHQUAKE SOURCE SCALINGS
Extended abstract for the 11th International Conference on Fracture 2005 1 EFFECTS OF NON-LINEAR WEAKENING ON EARTHQUAKE SOURCE SCALINGS J.-P. Ampuero Geosciences Department, Princeton University, USA
More informationReservoir Geomechanics and Faults
Reservoir Geomechanics and Faults Dr David McNamara National University of Ireland, Galway david.d.mcnamara@nuigalway.ie @mcnamadd What is a Geological Structure? Geological structures include fractures
More informationDifferential Equations with Mathematica
Differential Equations with Mathematica THIRD EDITION Martha L. Abell James P. Braselton ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS Amsterdam Boston Heidelberg London New York Oxford Paris San Diego San Francisco Singapore
More informationPreface and Overview. Folded strata in the mountains of Italy (ca AD), Leonardo da Vinci
Preface and Overview Folded strata in the mountains of Italy (ca. 1500 AD), Leonardo da Vinci Models of Mountain Building and Associated Deformation as represented by G.P. Scrope Deformation Feature: Scales
More informationAn Introduction to Stochastic Modeling
F An Introduction to Stochastic Modeling Fourth Edition Mark A. Pinsky Department of Mathematics Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois Samuel Karlin Department of Mathematics Stanford University Stanford,
More informationGround displacement in a fault zone in the presence of asperities
BOLLETTINO DI GEOFISICA TEORICA ED APPLICATA VOL. 40, N. 2, pp. 95-110; JUNE 2000 Ground displacement in a fault zone in the presence of asperities S. SANTINI (1),A.PIOMBO (2) and M. DRAGONI (2) (1) Istituto
More informationThe effect of water on strain localization in calcite fault gouge sheared at seismic slip rates. By Tyler Lagasse
The effect of water on strain localization in calcite fault gouge sheared at seismic slip rates By Tyler Lagasse Co-seismic slip depth limited within sub-cm-thick gouge & cataclastic-bearing principal
More informationSimulation of tensile crack generation by three-dimensional dynamic shear rupture propagation during an earthquake
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 108, NO. B3, 2144, doi:10.1029/2001jb001738, 2003 Simulation of tensile crack generation by three-dimensional dynamic shear rupture propagation during an earthquake
More informationMicrostructural Randomness and Scaling in Mechanics of Materials. Martin Ostoja-Starzewski. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Microstructural Randomness and Scaling in Mechanics of Materials Martin Ostoja-Starzewski University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Contents Preface ix 1. Randomness versus determinism ix 2. Randomness
More informationInfluence of material contrast on fault branching behavior
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 38,, doi:10.1029/2011gl047849, 2011 Influence of material contrast on fault branching behavior Nora DeDontney, 1 James R. Rice, 1,2 and Renata Dmowska 2 Received 20 April
More informationPart 2 - Engineering Characterization of Earthquakes and Seismic Hazard. Earthquake Environment
Part 2 - Engineering Characterization of Earthquakes and Seismic Hazard Ultimately what we want is a seismic intensity measure that will allow us to quantify effect of an earthquake on a structure. S a
More informationVariability of earthquake nucleation in continuum models of rate-and-state faults and implications for aftershock rates
Click Here for Full Article JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 113,, doi:10.1029/2007jb005154, 2008 Variability of earthquake nucleation in continuum models of rate-and-state faults and implications
More informationAzimuth with RH rule. Quadrant. S 180 Quadrant Azimuth. Azimuth with RH rule N 45 W. Quadrant Azimuth
30 45 30 45 Strike and dip notation (a) N30 E, 45 SE ("Quadrant"): the bearing of the strike direction is 30 degrees east of north and the dip is 45 degrees in a southeast (SE) direction. For a given strike,
More informationDetermining the Earthquake Epicenter: Japan
Practice Name: Hour: Determining the Earthquake Epicenter: Japan Measuring the S-P interval There are hundreds of seismic data recording stations throughout the United States and the rest of the world.
More informationDeformation of Rocks. Orientation of Deformed Rocks
Deformation of Rocks Folds and faults are geologic structures caused by deformation. Structural geology is the study of the deformation of rocks and its effects. Fig. 7.1 Orientation of Deformed Rocks
More informationEarthquake and Volcano Clustering at Mono Basin (California)
Excerpt from the Proceedings of the COMSOL Conference 2010 Paris Earthquake and Volcano Clustering at Mono Basin (California) D. La Marra *,1, A. Manconi 2,3 and M. Battaglia 1 1 Dept of Earth Sciences,
More informationSource Process and Constitutive Relations of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Inferred from Near-Field Strong-Motion Data
Source Process and Constitutive Relations of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Inferred from Near-Field Strong-Motion Data Kunikazu Yoshida, Anatoly Petukhin & Ken Miyakoshi Geo-Research Institute, Japan Koji
More informationGEOL 321 Structural Geology and Tectonics
GEOL 321 Structural Geology and Tectonics Geology 321 Structure and Tectonics will be given in Spring 2017. The course provides a general coverage of the structures produced by brittle and ductile rock
More information1/22/2015. High velocity shear experiments with possible implications to earthquake physics
High velocity shear experiments with possible implications to earthquake physics Thanks: Amir Sagy Andrew Madden, David Lockner, Einat Aharonov Harry Green, Jay Finberg, Jefferson Chang, Shalev Siman Tov
More informationRead & Learn Earthquakes & Faults
Read Earthquakes & Faults Read the provided article. Use the information in the reading to answer the questions on the task cards on your answer sheet. Make sure your answers are in the correct spot on
More informationFINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS Ever J. Barbero Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia University USA CRC Press Taylor &.Francis Group Boca Raton London New York
More informationSurface changes caused by erosion and sedimentation were treated by solving: (2)
GSA DATA REPOSITORY 214279 GUY SIMPSON Model with dynamic faulting and surface processes The model used for the simulations reported in Figures 1-3 of the main text is based on two dimensional (plane strain)
More informationNumerical simulation of seismic cycles at a subduction zone with a laboratory-derived friction law
Numerical simulation of seismic cycles at a subduction zone with a laboratory-derived friction law Naoyuki Kato (1), Kazuro Hirahara (2) and Mikio Iizuka (3) (1) Earthquake Research Institute, University
More informationMechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting www.geosc.psu.edu/courses/geosc508 Surface and body forces Tensors, Mohr circles. Theoretical strength of materials Defects Stress concentrations Griffith failure
More informationHeterogeneous Coulomb stress perturbation during earthquake cycles in a 3D rate-and-state fault model
Click Here for Full Article GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 35, L21306, doi:10.1029/2008gl035614, 2008 Heterogeneous Coulomb stress perturbation during earthquake cycles in a 3D rate-and-state fault
More information