Crystalline rocks in the Patterson Lake corridor: implications for uranium deposit genetic models. Colin D. Card
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1 Crystalline rocks in the Patterson Lake corridor: implications for uranium deposit genetic models Colin D. Card
2 Acknowledgements Forum Uranium Purepoint Uranium Fission Uranium Geological Survey of Canada University of Regina Universite Paris Sud (Paris-Saclay) AREVA
3 Patterson Lake corridor (PLc) Large, high-grade uranium deposits occur across the Athabasca region; Basement geology has major differences PLc is telling us a lot about the Athabasca U system Introduction
4 Patterson Lake corridor (PLc) Large, high-grade uranium deposits occur across the Athabasca region; Basement geology has major differences PLc is telling us a lot about the Athabasca U system Introduction
5 Unconformity-related uranium deposits: Athabasca Basin Most E. Athabasca Basin U deposits have a strong unconformity association Patterson Lake is basement hosted Modified from Hoeve and Sibbald, 1978)
6 Unconformity-related uranium deposits: Athabasca Basin Most E. Athabasca Basin U deposits have a strong unconformity association Patterson Lake is basement hosted Modified from Hoeve and Sibbald, 1978)
7 Unconformity-related deposits International Atomic Energy Agency classification (2009): spatially associated with major unconformities that separate Paleoproterozoic metamorphic basement from overlying Paleoproterozoic- Mesoproterozoic siliciclastic basins. clay bounded (at the unconformity) vs. fracture controlled (400 m or more below the unconformity) clay alteration haloes strong association with basement metasedimentary rocks: quartz-rich rocks, aluminous rocks, graphitic rocks reactivated, basement-rooted fault shear zones PLc observations : not spatially associated with an unconformity spatially associated with Paleoproterozoic- Mesoproterozoic siliciclastic basins fracture-hosted deposits strong clay alteration no metasedimentary rocks; there are aluminous mineral assemblages reactivated fault is a poor term; these discontinuities accommodate more than displacement
8 Unconformity-related deposits International Atomic Energy Agency classification (2009): spatially associated with major unconformities that separate Paleoproterozoic metamorphic basement from overlying Paleoproterozoic- Mesoproterozoic siliciclastic basins. clay bounded (at the unconformity) vs. fracture controlled (400 m or more below the unconformity) clay alteration haloes strong association with basement metasedimentary rocks: quartz-rich rocks, aluminous rocks, graphitic rocks reactivated, basement-rooted fault shear zones
9 Basement geology: Rae vs Hearne Wollaston supergroup
10 Basement geology: Rae vs Hearne Wollaston supergroup Grt Grt
11 5 km Geology of the Patterson Lake area
12 5 km Geology of the Patterson Lake area
13 5 km Geology of the Patterson Lake area
14 5 km Geology of the Patterson Lake area
15 5 km Geology of the Patterson Lake area
16 Reused fault zones Basement-rooted ductile highstrain zones o More than one episode of ductile high-strain o In the Rae, granulite-facies rocks were hydrated Brittle overprints Open system, hydrothermal and metasomatic mineral assemblages (below and above the brittle ductile transition) Many pre-basin and U events happen along the retrograde metamorphic path
17 Reused fault zones Basement-rooted ductile highstrain zones o More than one episode of ductile high-strain o In the Rae, granulite-facies rocks were hydrated Brittle overprints Open system, hydrothermal and metasomatic mineral assemblages (below and above the brittle ductile transition) Many pre-basin and U events happen along the retrograde metamorphic path
18 Reused fault zones Basement-rooted ductile highstrain zones o More than one episode of ductile high-strain o In the Rae, granulite-facies rocks were hydrated Brittle overprints Open system, hydrothermal and metasomatic mineral assemblages (below and above the brittle ductile transition) Many pre-basin and U events happen along the retrograde metamorphic path
19 Reused fault zones Basement-rooted ductile highstrain zones o More than one episode of ductile high-strain o In the Rae, granulite-facies rocks were hydrated Brittle overprints Open system, hydrothermal and metasomatic mineral assemblages (below and above the brittle ductile transition) Many pre-basin and U events happen along the retrograde metamorphic path
20 Important rock types in the PLc Four main rock types are intrinsically tied to reused fault zones in the PLc 1. Secondary quartzite (silicification; quartz flooding) 2. Pseudopelite; metasomatic rocks with aluminous mineral assemblages (silicification) 3. Carbonatite (mantle derived) 4. Graphite and graphitic carbon-bearing rocks (hydrothermal)
21 1. Secondary quartzite Quartz-flooded rock
22 1. Secondary quartzite Quartz-flooded rock
23 1. Secondary quartzite Quartz-flooded rock
24 2. Pseudopelite Aluminous mineral assemblages are growing on the retrograde metamorphic path Geochemical system is open Cross-cutting mineral facies Grt
25 2. Pseudopelite
26 2. Pseudopelite Pl Bt
27 2. Pseudopelite Grt Grt Pl Bt
28 2. Pseudopelite Pl+ Grt Grt Pl Bt
29 2. Pseudopelite Pl+ Grt Grt Pl Bt
30 2. Pseudopelite Pl+ Grt Grt Bt Pl Grt Sil
31 2. Pseudopelite 5 km Chl Wmca Bt Fsp Grt
32 3. Carbonatite Now intersected in 4 drillholes Postdates 1 and later ductile deformation Comes from the mantle in extensional settings
33 4. Graphite- and graphitic carbonbearing rocks Introduced after silicification and pseudopelite development and associated with Fe-sulphide Fracture controlled (brittle environment) with some wall-rock replacement A potential analog for later uranium systems Where does it come from?
34 4. Graphite and graphitic carbon Fluids travelled along preexisting discontinuities Fracture hosted and replacement (analog for the later uranium system)
35 4. Graphite and graphitic carbon Fluids travelled along preexisting discontinuities Fracture hosted and replacement (analog for the later uranium system) Gr
36 4. Graphite and graphitic carbon Fluids travelled along preexisting discontinuities Fracture hosted and replacement (analog for the later uranium system) Chl Gr
37 4. Graphite and graphitic carbon Fluids travelled along preexisting discontinuities Fracture hosted and replacement (analog for the later uranium system) Gr Chl Gr
38 Patterson Lake corridor vs E. Athabasca Do we see the same type of relationships in the eastern Athabasca Basin?
39 Patterson Lake corridor vs E. Athabasca Do we see the same type of relationships in the eastern Athabasca Basin? Yes! Quartz-flooded rocks? Yes (Card, 2014) Pseudopelite? Yes (Card, 2014) Hydrothermal graphite? Yes (Card, 2014) WR-185 Fox Lake Pl
40 Patterson Lake corridor vs E. Athabasca Do we see the same type of relationships in the eastern Athabasca Basin? Yes! Quartz-flooded rocks? Yes (Card, 2014) Pseudopelite? Yes (Card, 2014) Hydrothermal graphite? Yes (Card, 2014) WR-185 Fox Lake Bt Grt
41 Patterson Lake corridor vs E. Athabasca Do we see the same type of relationships in the eastern Athabasca Basin? Yes! Quartz-flooded rocks? Yes (Card, 2014) Pseudopelite? Yes (Card, 2014) Hydrothermal graphite? Yes (Card, 2014) WR-185 Fox Lake Phoenix Bt Grt
42 Patterson Lake corridor vs E. Athabasca Do we see the same type of relationships in the eastern Athabasca Basin? Yes! Quartz-flooded rocks? Yes (Card, 2014) Pseudopelite? Yes (Card, 2014) Hydrothermal graphite? Yes (Card, 2014) WR-185 Fox Lake Phoenix Bt Gr Grt Pl
43 Patterson Lake corridor vs E. Athabasca Do we see the same type of relationships in the eastern Athabasca Basin? Yes! WR-185 Fox Lake Phoenix Bt Quartz-flooded rocks? Yes (Card, 2014) Pseudopelite? Yes (Card, 2014) Hydrothermal graphite? Grt Gr Yes (Card, 2014) Pl
44 Conclusions Important aspects of the PLc Long-lived structural corridor that accommodated long-term displacement, igneous events and hydrothermal metasomatic activity Open-system hydrothermal metasomatic activity resulted in the development of mineral assemblages that can easily be confused with metasedimentary rocks o We need to be able to distinguish and map these facies Implications for the eastern Athabasca Basin Similar hydrothermal metasomatic rocks and relative age relationships as in the PLc Deposits likely are hosted, in part, by Archean protoliths Implications for the unconformity-related uranium model The deposits aren t directly related to unconformities
45
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