GREEN Grog : Global Reanalysis of Ocean. biogeochemistry :

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1 Colloque LEFE Clermont-Ferrand, mars 2018 GREEN Grog : Global Reanalysis of Ocean biogeochemistry : Isabelle Dadou (LEGOS) Marion Gehlen (IPSL/LSCE) marion.gehlen@lsce.ipsl.fr and the GREEN Grog consortium 1

2 A PPR associating : GREEN Grog Mercator-Océan CLS, Acri-ST IFREMER, LSCE, IGE, LOV, LOCEAN, LEGOS, MARBEC 3 years of funding ( ) building on and going beyond GREEN Mercator II contributing to H2020 AtlantOs 2

3 Long-term objective: GREEN Grog build the capacity at Mercator Océan for providing weekly to seasonal forecasts and multi-annual reanalysis of ocean biogeochemical state at regional and global scales Scientific drivers: + Biogeochemical/ecological state estimation + Monitoring ocean C uptake and CO 2 air/sea fluxes + Marine ecosystem management (fisheries) at weekly to seasonal time scales + Regional downscaling and coastal applications, management of living marine resources 3

4 Development of an integrated system : GREEN Grog coupled biogeochemical ocean general circulation model data assimilation to constrain ocean physics and biogeochemistry data streams: assimilation & validation physical: temperature, salinity, SSH Aumont et al. (2015) biological: chlorophyll, fluorescence biogeochemical: nutrients, oxygen various platforms: space born in situ: ARGO, gliders, Eulerian observatories, VOS, research ships 4

5 Fast evolution of observing systems: GREEN Grog rapid development of novel sensors and observing systems e.g.: BGC Argo floats integration of multiple platforms into a coherent network Challenge: extending of data assimilation to novel observations designing of next generation ocean observing networks for BGC, C, ecosystems providing useful information, products to end-users through Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring System 5

6 Novel Data Streams GREEN Grog 6

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8 Biogeochemical Data provided by Argo floats: Complementary to in situ platforms: data coverage of key undersampled regions (e.g. Southern Ocean) Complementary to remote sensing platforms: Global model data coverage at high latitudes during winter, under clouds etc. Model evaluation: high temporal and spatial sampling frequency: seasonal cycle of MLD, bloom dynamics Need yet to be incorporated to operational data assimilation systems Work under progress! 8

9 Scientific drivers: GREEN Grog + Biogeochemical/ecological state estimation + Monitoring ocean C uptake and CO 2 air/sea fluxes + Marine ecosystem management (fisheries) at weekly to seasonal time scales + Regional downscaling and coastal applications, management of living marine resources 9

10 P. Brasseur, Santana-Falcon et al. Ensemble assimilation of Ocean Colour Data Assimilation of daily MERIS ocean colour swaths in a stochastic ¼ NEMO-PISCES model: 60-members ensemble probabilistic solution (Santana-Falcon et al., 2018) 10

11 J. Lamouroux, G. Ruggiero, C. Perruche, C.E. Testut, J. Paul Ocean Colour Assimilation at Mercator Ocean Common context: development of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring System Objectives: Operational development and implementation of BGC data assimilation in the Mercator Ocean BIOMER BGC-modelling operational system (NEMO-PISCES), based on the existing Data Assimilation system Enhance the annual production cycle (correct the blooms delays) + control the (over)production in the Equatorial belt large-scale control Improving/strenghtening Mercator Ocean BGC-modelling system toward the production of BGC reanalysis 11

12 2010-averaged Surface CHL CMEMS Satellite CHL obs. o Model : Global ¼ NEMO-PISCES (3.6) Offline forcing (PSY4) o Assimilation (SEEK) of CMEMS daily satellite CHL (L4) ; 1 per 7day-cycle FREE (non-assimilated) model o 3D correction of CHL and NO3 (Iron correction under testing) Assimilated model : correction of surface CHL / NO3 / Iron + vertical projection on turbocline layer Assimilated model : correction of CHL / NO3 12

13 Scientific drivers: GREEN Grog + Biogeochemical/ecological state estimation + Monitoring ocean C uptake and CO 2 air/sea fluxes + Marine ecosystem management (fisheries) at weekly to seasonal time scales + Regional downscaling and coastal applications, management of living marine resources 13

14 C. Perruche, A. Albert, Y. Drillet, M. Gehlen Global 20th century analysis of ocean C cycle ERA-Clim2: production of a global ocean-atmosphere reanalysis over the 20th century with coupled data assimilation in ocean and atmosphere => CERA-20C Objectives: Set of coupling of ocean biogeochemistry with CERA-20C Production and validation of a 2Oth century analysis of C carbon cycle and biogeochemistry Motivation: => create a baseline for monitoring of ocean C cycle and biogeochemistry for assessing and quantifying natural variability, detecting of anthropogenic trends 14

15 C. Perruche, A. Albert, Y. Drillet, M. Gehlen Global 20th century analysis of ocean C cycle Anthropogenic air-to-sea CO 2 flux Anthropogenic Sea-to-Air CO 2 flux x (-1) Ocean models Rödenbeck (2015) Landschützer (2014) Models before normalisation ERA-20C/carbon From Le Quéré et al. (2015) (Perruche et al., in prep). From Landschützer et al. (2014): Mixed models and data 15

16 Scientific drivers: GREEN Grog + Biogeochemical/ecological state estimation + Monitoring ocean C uptake and CO 2 air/sea fluxes + Marine ecosystem management (fisheries) at weekly to seasonal time scales + Regional downscaling and coastal applications, management of living marine resources 16

17 P. Lehodey, A. Conchon, I. Senina, B. Calmettes, O. Titaud Lower-Mid-Trophic Modelling in SEAPODYM SEAPODYM-MTL simulates biomass distributions of 6 micronekton functional groups, according to their diel vertical migration behavior. Their dynamics are driven by temperature and oceanic currents. Global model The amount of energy allocated from primary production to each group is estimated using bioacoustic data assimilation. Primary production Temperature; currents 17

18 P. Lehodey, A. Conchon, I. Senina, B. Calmettes, O. Titaud Temperature Currents Diss. Oxygen Primary Prod. Zooplankton Micronekton Fish recruitment Ecology of large marine species Modeling species habitat Fish population dynamics, stock assessment and fisheries management Climate change Global model (Senina et al., in prep) 18

19 Scientific drivers: GREEN Grog + Biogeochemical/ecological state estimation + Monitoring ocean C uptake and CO 2 air/sea fluxes + Marine ecosystem management (fisheries) at weekly to seasonal time scales + Regional downscaling and coastal applications, management of living marine resources 19

20 E. Gutknecht, G. Reffray IBI regional configuration: IBI36V4 Atmospheric Forcing: ECMWF 3-h operational system PHY-BGC coupled model: NEMO - PISCES with PHY assimilation - «online» BGC coupling - 1/36 (~2km) - 50 vertical levels Global model Period: 01/2010 real time + 7 days of forecasting Initial and boundary conditions (BDY module): PHY: 1/12 PSY4 operational system, daily Coherent system: mean with assimilation PSY4, BIOMER4, and IBI36V4 BGC: ¼ BIOMER4 operational system, weekly distributed by CMEMS mean, 24 variables 20

21 Evaluation of IBI regional system Mean sea surface chlorophyll (mg Chl m -3 ) Ocean Colour Product ESA-CCI OC5CI Global Model 1/4 BIOMER4 Regional Model 1/36 IBI36V4 E. Gutknecht, G. Reffray, Mercator Ocean Application: primary production, biological pump and air-sea CO 2 fluxes: associated processes, variability and climate change

22 Evaluation of IBI regional system Time series of sea surface chlorophyll (mg Chl m -3 ) E. Gutknecht, G. Reffray, Mercator Ocean

23 Conclusions (15 months into project): + Assimilation systems stabilized and tested GREEN Grog + 20 th century analyses of C fluxes and marine biogeochemistry: evaluation under progress + Global MO biogeochemical products under evaluation for regional applications (NPP, O 2, bloom dynamics ) To come: + Production of biogeochemical reanalysis (including ocean colour assimilation) 1989 to 2016 and evaluation (NPP, O 2, C...) + Network design for improved multi-platform observing systems (space-born & in situ data) 23

24 National context : GREEN Grog prospective de l océanographie opérationnelle European level: Copernicus H2020 AtlantOs International level: Biogeochemical ARGO GODAE Ocean View (Marine Ecosystem Analysis & prediction) 24