STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT REPORT SLOVAK REPUBLIC 2007

Transcription

1 Ministry of the Environment of the Slovak Republic STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT REPORT SLOVAK REPUBLIC 2007 Slovak Environmental Agency

2 j. Klinda

3 The purpose of this law is to establish the principles of protection and rational exploitation of mineral resources, especially by carrying out geological researches, openings, preparation and breaking of mineral, enrichment and refining of minerals, performed in relation with their extraction, as well as providing for security of operations and environment protections during these operations. 1 of the Act on Protection and Exploitation of the Mineral Resources No. 44/1988 Coll. (Mining Act) as subsequently amended ROCKS Geeool looggi iccaal l eennvvi irroonnmeennt taal l faacct f toorrss Partial Monitoring System - Geological Factors (PMS - GF) as part of environmental monitoring in Slovakia, is focused mainly on so-called geological hazards or harmful natural or anthropogenic geological processes that threaten the natural environment and eventually the humans. From data are monitored: 01: Landslides and other slope deformation 02: Tectonic and seismic activity of the territory 03: Anthropogenic sediments of environmental loads sediments 04: Influence of mineral exploitation upon environment 05: Monitoring of the volume activity of Radon in the geological environment 06: Stability of massifs underlying historic objects 07: Monitoring of stream sediments 08: Volume unstable soils Summary of the major outcomes from the monitoring activities in 2007: In 2007, monitoring of three basic types of slope movements was carried out slides, creep, and signs of activated falling movements. Measurements were for in 15 selected sites. For tectonic movements in 2007, movements to the surface of the territory and along faults were monitored. Macro-seismic activity was thoroughly assessed in the territory of northern Slovakia and the adjacent part of Poland. Seismic activity of the Slovak territory was assessed. Operation of the Slovak spatial observing service was launched, taking advantage of global navigation satellite system

4 equipment. The service carries out monitoring at 21 geodetic points. On of these points is in Gánovce and is part of the European monitoring system. In 2007, movements along faults were monitored at these 7 sites: Košický Klečenov, Branisko, Demänovská cave of Freedom, Ipeľ, Vyhne, Banská Hodruša, Cave pod Spišskou. Greatest movements were recorded at the Košický Klečenov site, while other sites showed lower speeds of movements or their stabilization. More attention should be given to the Branisko site where the ongoing movements still threaten the tunnel insulation. In 2007, reports from seismic stations supplied for interpretation more than tele-seismic, regional, or local seismic phenomena. 62 earthquakes were localised with the epicentre in the focal area of the Slovak Republic. Macro-seismic monitoring in Slovakia did not detect any earthquake in On March 2, 2007, there was an accident reported at the Nováky site in Slovakia, which was detected by most National seismic station network sites in Slovakia, some local seismic nuclear power plant stations, as well as several stations in the surrounding countries. In 2007, the following limits for anthropogenic sediments were exceeded at the following monitoring stations: chloride limits (Myjava, Nové Mesto nad Váhom, Šulekovo), cyanides and crude oil products (Prakovce, Devínska Nová Ves, Šaľa), as well as contents of As, Cu, Sb, Pb, Zn, Ni, Ba (Halňa), Fe, and ammonia ions (Šulekovo). Attention within the process of environmental impact assessment of extraction activities was directed toward the area of ore of Rudňany, Slovinky, Smolník, Novoveská Huta, Rožňava, and Banská Štiavnica, together with magnesite and talc in Jelšava Lubeník Hnúšťa and Košice Bankov. Monitored areas of brown coal extraction include the area of Handlová Cígeľ brown coal territory. Works were focused on introducing more precision and frequency to supplement measurements and to find out needs for adjustments to monitoring facilities. Works also dealt with assessment of hydro-geological, geochemical, and engineering-geological aspects. Monitoring of the volume activity of radon in geological layers in 2007 continued at 14 sites distributed all over the whole Slovak territory. Monitoring of soil radon in 2007 were carried out at six sites that showed middle to high radon risk (Bratislava - Vajnory, Banská Bystrica - Podlavice, Košice- KVP, Novoveská Huta, Teplička, and Hnilec). Greatest average annual reduction in radon activity was detected at the Novoveská Huta site almost by one third for major radon risk assessment parameters. Only the Hnilec site in the extreme radon risk group showed increased values of volume radon activity in soil. In the area of tectonically damaged site of Grajnár, the measurements of radon volume activity were conducted in soil air. Sampling and radon measurement in water was carried out at three springs of the Small Carpathian mountains, on the outskirts of Bratislava - Mária spring, Zbojníčka spring, and Himligárka spring, at Bacúch spring of Božena Němcová, and at Sivá Brada near Spišské Podhradie spring of St. Ondrej, spring Oravice near the OZ-1 bore hole, and in Zemplín the Ladmovce bore hole

5 - preliv. Middle values in Radon concentration for all monitored springs in 2007 are higher than in the previous years. Variations to volume Radon activity at monitored ground water springs are of seasonal character. In 2007, monitoring of stability of rock massifs below historic objects concentrated on the following sites: Spišský, Strečniansky, Oravský, Uhrovský and Lietavský castles, and castle Devín. Within stream sediments monitoring exceeding the C category was detected (exceeding of this limit suggests impact of demolition activities) at Nitra - Chalmová (Hg), Štiavnica - river mouth (Pb), and Hornád - Kolinovce (Hg) sites. Snow solutions of most acidic character (with ph values around 4.4) were detected at the following sites: Starý Hrozenkov, Branisko, Donovaly, and Ľupčianska valley. As for the trace elements content, most prevalent in snow solutions in winter season are aluminium, nickel, and zinc. Volume activity is shown either by reduced soil volume, known as sagging, or increased volume, known as swelling. In 2007, third phase of registration of impaired objects in the Východoslovenská lowland was carried out. Of total number of 950 registered objects in 71 municipalities, 16 most impaired objects were selected in 9 municipalities. Geeoot thheerrmaal l eenneerrggyy Regional geothermal survey was conducted in line with the approved Strategy of geothermal energy use in Slovakia by the end of 2007, which involved the following territories: Liptovská basin, Popradská basin, skorušinská plane, sites in Galanta, structures in Ïurkov, Žiarska basin, Hornonitrianská basin, Topoľčany záliv, and the Humenský ridge. At present, hydrogeothermal assessment of the Rimavská basin is underway. Reeggi isst teerr oof f ggeeool looggi iccaal l maappppi inngg Registers of geological mapping (as of December 31, 2007) Registers of Accumulation in 2007 Total number Surveyed territories Surveyed territories drafts Landslides Wells Hydro-geological wells Landfills Map drawing and purpose mapping Geophysical mapping Abandoned mining works

6 Abbaannddoonneedd minni inngg woorrkkss Pursuant to Act No. 44/1988 Coll. on protection and exploitation of mineral (Mining Act), as amended, MoE SR also ensures searching for abandoned mining works. The State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr in Bratislava was commissioned to maintain the Register. Abandoned mining works as of December 31, 2007 Type of abandoned mine Number Mining shaft 4873 Pit (hole) 517 Chute 65 Cut, excavation 88 Pingo Pingo field 109 Pingo draw 128 Dump Old randing 205 Sink mark 293 Placer 20 Tailings dump 10 Other 155 Total SSuurrvveeyy teerrrri t itoorri ieess Under the geology legislation and pursuant to the GS SR status - the GEOFOND department keeps the register of survey areas for selected geological activities. In 2007, there were 47 survey areas and 85 registered proposals to designate a survey area. As of December 31, 2007, there were 132 recognised areas. Ovveerrvvi ieew oof f ddeeppoossi itss inn i SSl loovvaakki iaa Energy (state to the date 31 st December 2007) Raw material included into balance balance for mining Unit Balance Geological Anthracite thous. t Bitumen sediments thous. t Brown coal thous. t Flammable natural gas thous. t gasoline gas Lignite thous. t Non-resinous gases mil. m Underground stores of natural gas mil. m Crude oil non-paraffinic thous. t Crude oil - semiparaffinic thous. t Uranium ores thous. t Natural gas mil. m Total

7 Ore (state to the date 31 st December 2007) Type of ore included into balance balance for mining in 2005 Unit Balance Geological Sb ores thous. t Complex Fe ores thous. t Cu ores thous. t Hg ores thous. t Poly-metallic ores thous. t Wolfram ores thous. t Gold and silver ores thous. t Fe ores thous. t Total Non-metallics (state to the date 31 st December 2007) Raw material included into balance balance for mining Unit Balance Geological Anhydride thous. t Asbestos and aspestos rock thous. t Baryte thous. t Bentonite thous. t Cast basalt thous. t Decorative rock thous. m Diatomite thous. t Dolomite thous. t Precious stones ct Graphite thous. t Halloysite thous. t Rock salt thous. t Kaolin thous. t Ceramic clays thous. t Quartz thous. t Quartzite thous. t Magnesite thous. t Talc thous. t Mineralized I - Br waters thous. m Pearl stone thous. t Pyrite thous. t Gypsum thous. t Sialitic raw material thous. t Glass sands thous. t Mica thous. t Building rock thous. m Gravel sands and sands thous. m Brick clay thous. m Techn. usable miner. crystals thous. t Limestone unspecified thous. t High-content limestone thous. t Zeolite thous. t Foundry sands thous. t Refractory clays thous. t Feldspars thous. t Total thous. t

8 Classification of mineral by state of extraction (state to the date 31 st December 2007) Extraction symbol Characteristics Deposits with developed extraction activity include exclusive mineral sufficiently open and technically apt for extraction of industrial deposit. Deposits with fading extraction activity include extraction mineral where extraction activity will cease in a near future (within 10 years) Deposits before completion include exclusive mineral with documented that give basis to one of the construction phases (starting with the projection phase) Deposits with ceased extraction include exclusive mineral with definitely or temporarily stopped extraction activity. Non-extracted include documented exclusive mineral soon to be constructed and extracted. Non-extracted include documented exclusive mineral with no plans for their extraction. Surveyed include of exclusive and non-exclusive minerals with various degree of mapping Non-limited mineral (as of December 31, 2007) listed sites with Raw material deposit sites extraction activities Shale 2 0 Floating sand 1 0 Tailings, waste 7 4 Clays 1 0 Building stone Ballast and sand Brick raw material 57 1 Tuff 2 0 Dried sludge brucit 1 1 Total Ground water volumes Ground waters in the SR (state to the date December 31, 2007) Category A B C Total Efficient of the ground waters (l.s-1) Efficient amounts of the ground waters (l.s-1) Legend: C calculated on the basis of assessment of the existing hydrogeological mapping B calculated on the basis of hydrogeological mapping with long-term extraction test A calculated on the basis of hydrogeological mapping with semi-operational test