GEOMATICS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT: Early Impact assessment in Haiti

Transcription

1 GEOMATICS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT: Early Impact assessment in Haiti

2 We will talk about... Post-disaster response: the main questions to be answered Post-disaster rapid mapping: the role of Geomatics The Haiti earthquake Further operational and research developments

3 Natural Disasters Reported disasters Victims: killed+affected (millions) Source: CRED - Annual disaster Statistical Review The numbers and trends

4 Natural disasters 2008: less disasters then yearly average but with devastating effects killed 214 million affected 190 billion US$ economic costs Asia most affected continent Crucial to invest in: Early Warning, Risk Reduction, Preparedness,... Source: CRED - Annual disaster Statistical Review The numbers and trends

5 Post disaster response Questions to be answered What? When? Where? Who? Early Warning Early Impact Rapid Mapping

6 Post-disaster rapid mapping Main input data: satellite imagery Data sources/ Licensing policies: Public domain Commercial Scientific programs (ESA cat-1,...)... International Charter, Safer, Sentinel Asia,... Google Earth/Maps, Digital Globe Crisis Event Services

7 Rapid mapping activities for Haiti earthquake Timeline and open discussion

8 Earthquake in Haiti GLIDE NUMBER: EQ HTI The earthquake occurred at 16:53 local time (21:53 UTC) on Tuesday, 12 January By 24 January, at least 52 aftershocks measuring 4.5 or greater had been recorded.

9 Earthquake in Haiti GLIDE NUMBER: EQ HTI The earthquake occurred at 16:53 local time (21:53 UTC) on Tuesday, 12 January By 24 January, at least 52 aftershocks measuring 4.5 or greater had been recorded. An estimated three million people were affected by the quake. Haitian President stated, on Sunday, that "The death toll from last month's devastating earthquake in Haiti could jump to 300,000 people, including the bodies buried under collapsed buildings in the capital.

10 Earthquake in Haiti Alerts 27 after the event!

11 Earthquake in Haiti Response activation 4h 35 after the event! UN-SPIDER UN-SPACEAID CHARTER...

12 Earthquake in Haiti Data acquisition - Satellite First satellite image covering PaP acquired by GeoEye on Jan, 13th and delivered by Google Crisis Response Team as KML and base layer in Google Map/Earth DigitalGlobe (World-View 1 and 2, Quickbird) covered the whole country starting from13th to 17th Jan. Data delivered as WMS, KML and GeoTiff trough the Digital Globe Crisis Event Services High Res radar imagery acquired (Cosmo-Skymed and TerraSar-X)

13 Earthquake in Haiti Data acquisition- Aerial First high resolution imagery (15cm) acquired on Jan, 17th and delivered by Google as KML and base layer in Google Map/Earth starting from Jan, 19th Aerial surveys by WB, GFDRR, RIT, ImageCat started on Jan, 21st and covering most affected areas (including thermal and lidar!)

14 Earthquake in Haiti Data acquisition - Consideration Impressive amount of data (hig res + complete coverage) to be archived, managed and stored. First acquisition the morning after the event (thankfully cloud-free) DATA LICENSING: data delivered to everybody trough web services (avoiding time consuming download operations) Turning point respect previous Early Impact activations!

15 Earthquake in Haiti Data processing First damage assessment, based on high res satellite imagery, available a couple of day after the event (one day after data availability). Focus on: - collapsed/damaged building - spontaneous camps/temporary shelters - road accessibility (restricted, closed, collapsed bridge) Value added information extracted by means of visual interpretation.

16 Earthquake in Haiti Data processing Collapsed damaged/ buildings Damaged infrastructures (impassable roads, collapsed bridges) Temporary shelters Landslides

17 Earthquake in Haiti Data processing

18 Earthquake in Haiti Data processing - Considerations No fully automated procedure available for the extraction of value added information, hence a lot of contributors required. Community based data processing (OSM, GMM, Geo-can initiative,...) Coordination is crucial: need for automatic tools devoted to subdivide the AoI in grid cells, to assign the jobs, to update the status of the pending tasks, to upload each single analysis, to provide regular updates,...

19 Earthquake in Haiti Data processing - Considerations Which kind of value added information? Need for precise inputs from responders and decision makers in order to create effective products. Are maps an effective help in the field? Feedback should help the reviewing process. Quality vs timeliness: validation? harmonization? technical specification? Radar data: which role? Only interferometric approach? High res intensity data to be further analyzed.

20 Earthquake in Haiti Data processing - Considerations Use of orthoimages is limiting... exploit the available 3D capabilities! PaP anaglyph based on 50 cm satellite data (courtesy of ScanEx)

21 Earthquake in Haiti Mapping - Reference data Analysis based on high resolution dataset greatly benefit from the availability of large scale datasets (often not available or not updated or not public domain). Crucial role of community mapping to fill the gaps over the affected areas in a short time, e.g. Open Street Map and Google Map Maker. Crucial role of Spatial Data Infrastructure, that should be fully operational before the event, facilitating data sharing and multi-user editing.

22 Earthquake in Haiti Mapping - Dissemination Map section in websites attachments Ad hoc web portals, e.g. ReliefWeb, Reuter Alernet Map Catalogue,... Web application devoted to data visualization, sharing, and, potentially, editing

23 Earthquake in Haiti Reconstruction How space based data can help in medium long term reconstruction efforts? generation of large scale 3D maps by means of stereo-plotting continuos monitoring of the working progress input data for the evaluation of the vulnerability to possible risks

24 Haiti ground surveys

25 Low Cost Mobile Mapping System (LCMMS) Low Cost device equipped with 1 GPS and 4 webcams to acquire georeferenced sequences.

26 LCMMS Ground Survey in PaP ~ 5 days 57,856 GPS points 490,081 frames (39 GB data)

27 LCMMS Ground Survey in PaP Acquired data samples

28 LCMMS Ground Survey in PaP Data processing: development of ad-hoc plug-in for GIS commercial softwares

29 LCMMS Ground Survey in PaP Data sharing: development of ad-hoc web applications

30 FURTHER DEVELOPMENT MMF Mobile Mapping Facility ITHACA

31 GEOMATICS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT: Early Impact assessment in Haiti