The Role of Globalization in Improving Human Development Index

Transcription

1 Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 8 (5): , 2011 ISSN IDOSI Publications, 2011 The Role of Globalization in Improving Human Development Index Behzad Shahrabi Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Golestan, Iran Abstract: Globalization refers to the process through which events, decisions and activities a part of the world can be an important outcome for people in very remote parts of Earth in other economic, social and political to create. Including the effects of globalization on growth and improving human development index is HDi. So in this paper for Globalization four individual indicators of economic, political, technical and intended for human development, education, life expectancy third of GDP is considered. The figures based on World Bank data and extracted the two variables with correlation coefficients and associated application software Startgraf rate (r) between globalization and human development variables measured and the number represents 76%. The research findings show a direct relationship exists between the processes of globalization and human development. Outcome measures that countries should strive to improve its human Development indicators and growth in the world do. This article describes the research method in library and information collection methods to extract figures from the World Bank and UN tracts valid library resource is valid. Key words: Globalization Global Human Development Index Human Development Index INTRODUCTION developed through social and economic participation in society. Now (HDi) has a major economic indicators are The basic objectives of any country are to achieve improving, they are targets. According to 2010 statistics, balanced and sustainable development. It should be clear the World Bank and United Nations Development Office that what is development? Development of a for East Asia and the Pacific is the fastest developing and comprehensive development in the country says that the looking after the South East Asian and Arabic nations. product is GNP growth. John Mynardknyz of the leading What all these countries are jointly investing in human scholars of economics states that: the key to growth and development in these countries is huge. The study shows economic development in all countries, primarily in the that in countries from 1090 to the role of physical factors intellectual evolution of society is its people, so that and human factors play a role in brain development and without having physical capital and even the technology low Aqtrar are more improvements that increase your Development cannot make. Therefore, we conclude that desire to improve the teaching of literacy, GDP life the development is human. Important strategic decisions expectancy improve be seen. But the important point is in economic and human development goals that can be that in countries other than the HDi Rngyng are called from the criteria used to measure human struggling in this country is in the process of development index that they call or HDi. The United globalization.hdi engines of growth in the developed Nations Human Development Report 2010, countries on world is moving. the Human Development Index rating scores are an important factor in assessing a country's social and The Expression: The world today is about the size and economic programs are assessed. speed of information exchange in all fields and ultimately more comprehensive development of relations between The Aim of Human Development in Countries That Are nations, the world is the village of the world. This new 2 Include: A form of human capabilities through system, called globalization. First, the speed of light in the investment in human resources second way of using skills global exchange of information and communication Corresponding Author: Behzad Shahrabi, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Golestan, Iran 954

2 expanded and therefore any change or any Data Collection Methods: In this study of library economic shocks, social or political impact on other resources to gather the necessary resources and the latter countries to make the world appear. What is the point of is used. These resources include the annual World Bank this is that globalization has enormous benefits for the publication, inform the UN, the UN Human Development countries of the world. But it is betting that the country Report, Yearbook of the Islamic Republic of Iran and other must be prepared to accept change is a result of income-related books and articles and are valid. First, globalization, otherwise the benefits of this phenomenon research has tried to maintain the credibility of official and will become irreparable damage. This forced the countries authoritative sources of international scientific to prepare and develop the infrastructure that the publications and statistics and documents used in development of human capital in the country to deal with international organizations. the phenomenon of globalization is the development of human capital or HCD say. So, with all indicators of Data Analysis Method: In this study, the Spearman globalization on human development indicators have correlation coefficient method to discover the relationship improved their rank within the country to expand in this between globalization and human development indicators regard. The process of globalization can be associated are used. Independent variable or the impact of with the Human Development Index or HDI was globalization and human development and xi and yi is the evaluated. This article is intended to identify this dependent variable or reception. The accuracy of the relationship. calculations and multiple indicators of each variable (index 13) and third in the global Human Development Index has Research Objectives: According to the study of also been used Startgraf software. globalization in relationship with human index (Hdi) is the main goal of this research. In World Indices Development index Show variables addition to the above study is further sub-goals that Independent x i Dependent y i include: Identify key indicators of globalization Identify key human development indicators Ranking countries in terms of globalization and HDi Research Questions: The research is descriptive, so no need to provide is not just a question of research Hypotheses are presented. Relevant question in this research is the following: Any significant relationship between globalization and human development indicators are there? Research: Because this study seeks to analyze the situation and relations between those variables and the method are applied to the description of library information is based on the human development indicators and indicators of globalization as well as their relation to the basic variables are weighed together. So try this method on an analysis of the relationship between two variables and their impact will be. Statistical Society: The statistical survey of all the countries of the UN and World Bank MET trials are globalization and HDi. Correlation Coefficient r Is: n xiyi xi. yi 2 2 ( ). ( ) 2 2 n xi x n yi yi Literature Defining Globalization: Globalization has many definitions and different from the way scientists think and the angle of your vision and define the indicators to consider. These differences are due to this phenomenon is not viewed positively and sometimes negatively. Regardless of the differences in a wide range of legal, political, social economic and cultural affairs, including the impact on other countries will be important. "Gore's" Globalization and the increasing number of communication links between and beyond the government knows that the new system to get there. "Anthony Gidz" globalization as a new process that the driving force of economic and political effects of the combination of form and transnational forces that caused the daily lives of people in developing countries will change the. 955

3 National Center on Globalization, Iran knows that the presented. The Human Development Report is the process of globalization, free flow of ideas, growing following: change the focus of national income to people, goods and services and investment will lead to development economics, people-oriented policies. Human consolidation and integration of economies and societies. Development Index which consists of three components with the total scores are calculated, the rank of each The Difference Globalization with World Building: country in terms of human development is at a specified Globalization process is optional for other countries with time period. 3 Life expectancy, per capita gross national respect to indicators and measures of globalization in education standards are essential to human development. which countries can gradually take advantage of its The UN also considers factors that include: immigration, blessings. Globalization refers to the process where environmental factors such as social rights of public unilateral and unidirectional in few countries advanced participation in the 1990 Human Development Index strategies, forcing other countries to implement policies ranking of 188 countries, Iran is ranked 88th with a %0/5 and programs are self-imposed. The newly de- of the 0/782 is reached. This rating means a lower level globalization movement to (Deglobalization) has been than in 2008 and is ranked 87 among 194 countries in 2010 created to combat this process. Therefore in this study we reached 18 to 70 shows to climb stairs. are process of globalization, not globalization. However, in these three main indicators of human development are: World Indices: According to the study of globalization and the integrity required for the issue of globalization is Life Expectancy: Considering the future of health in considered indicators that the economic indicators is not hopes of reducing infant mortality and only due to other factors that are referred to below, the elderly. including four general indices and 13 partial indicators as follows: Education: Literacy level of illiteracy of the number of schools, universities. 1. International trade. Economic factor 2. Economic factors of 3. Invested in Treasury 4. Foreign communications. Personal factor 5. Person operating the 6. International money transfers 7. Internet user's Technical factor 8.Three technical factors those eight Internet servers 9. Membership in international organizations Participation in United Nations Politic factor 11. Political agent of the Security Council Embassies 13. Foreign contracts Human Development Index (HDi): Today, one of the effective tools to measure a country's welfare level and compared them with people of other countries, the human development index (HDi) is. The origin of this index can be searched at the United Nations Development Programmed Human Development Report's human development reports since 1990 have started. Pakistani economist, called this phenomenon "a popular ul-haq" is Gross Domestic Product: level per capita rate of domestic production and national income investments to combat poverty. Factors Associated with Global Human Development Index: In this study the relationship between globalization and human development indicators have. Every change that occurs due to globalization and even has an obvious impact on the human mind is a gradual change in the way of thinking and expectations of the community and in enhancing human development indicators. Scientists have previously acknowledged that the connection is between these two indicators, but that is how this relationship has not been assessed. Therefore, we point out that the process of globalization on human life and on all issues surrounding. The human impact of this relationship is meaningful and measurable. Conceptual Framework for Research: As mentioned above, this research globalization forcing nations to promote human development. This country is due to the impact of human development indices, global indices indicate that these two variables are correlated. Yet this relationship as a model is provided below: 956

4 Research Finding: Quantitative identified. With previous oreign direct investment: since 1986 it has increased data on 13 indicators related to globalization and human about 47%. development index, three-fold during the 2005 Flow of financial capital: the rapid integration of International Development and the World Bank have financial markets to exchange rate Krny, using Spearman correlation between the degree of Improvement in global production systems: a worldseverity and software Startgraf against the index is class manufacturing and into mass production to lean (r =% 76). production order This figure shows the close relationship between Evolution of the global financial system: the banks indicators of globalization and human development assets increased assaults on other financial markets indices are three-fold. However, governments in the around the world World The evolution of technology, including hardware and software technology make rapid changes in their Benefits of Globalization Remove the geographical restrictions and visa (to increase tourism) Increase in world trade growth, including increased Accept a new global culture turnover and changing business structure Comparative advantage in other countries 957

5 Disadvantage of Globalization: (907%) and Ireland, Liechtenstein Holland America Canada, Sweden and Germany. Zimbabwe is among the Master production and powers the global economy lowest in this index. Statistics Globalization Index for 10 and financial and commercial transactions countries shows that the first global ranking of countries America's domination of the tools and information is too high. Therefore it is necessary to achieve top technology (risk of falling in the national interests of ranking countries HDi, greater participation in the countries) globalization process have all the challenges of Small countries and avoid the humiliation of them globalization Larqm devise appropriate economic policies (the unjust distribution of income) to benefit the interests of individual political and technical Legislative interference in the affairs of a country's development of their HDI. internal affairs Cultural transmission that is less Mharshdn. REFERENCES less developed countries in favor of a global partnership 1. The conductor, (Iran's opportunities and challenges Identity Crisis nations of globalization), printing, publishing wing, 1384 Weaken national governments 2. Mohammadi, M.H., "Human capital and economic The gradual elimination of democracy philosophies" essay, published in 1386 jam 3. Human development index (HDi) Rankings. Be more successful, the indicator is the country's 4. Bourdieu, pierre and randal Johnson The field human development. In other words, countries that rank of cultural production: Essays on Artand Literature. higher in terms of global indices of human development Newyork, My: Colombia university press. indicators in its ranking is higher than other countries. 5. Giddens, Anthony The consequences of modernity. Stanford, CA: Stanford university press. CONCLUSION 6. Hannerz, uif 'Cosmopolitans and locals in world culture' Given the above findings it is concluded that any 7. Boli, John and frak lechner World culture: country that moves from the global human development origins and consequences.malden, MA: nlakwell index (HDI) is more. And requires each country to human 8. Chong, Terence 'From Global tolo development indicators in the world to take action. World Galisingapores culturoal policy and its Bank statistics show that 10 countries HDI ranked first in consequences. 'Critical Asian studies are: Norway (938%) Australia (937%) New Zealand 958