WISCRS (Wisconsin Coordinate Reference Systems)

Transcription

1 WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Redesign f the WCCS (Wiscnsin Cunty Crdinate System) FINAL REPORT Submitted t the Jacksn Cunty, Wiscnsin Land Infrmatin Office Prepared by Alan P. Vnderhe March 31, 006

2 Sectin Table f Cntents Page List f Figures Authr s Bigraphical Sketch ii iii Intrductin 1 Hrizntal Psitins 1 Map Prjectins and Tw-Dimensinal Rectangular Crdinate Systems 3 Transfrmatins amng Crdinate Systems 6 Grund-t-Grid 8 WCCS and WISCRS 9 Original Design 9 Different Datums and Redesign 10 Naming Cnventins 11 Redesign 11 Gegraphic Extents and Grund-t-Grid Rati 1 Units f Distance Measure 1 Acknwledgements 13 List f References 13 Appendix A WISCRS Parameters (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems Parameters) 1 Appendix B - Direct and Inverse Transfrmatins fr Transverse Mercatr Prjectins (Frm Stem (1989)) 87 Appendix C - Direct and Inverse Transfrmatins fr Nn-Intersecting Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Prjectins (Frm Bmfrd (1985)) 91 i

3 List f Figures Figure Page 1. Latitude (Φ p ) and Lngitude (λ p ) f Pint P. Parameters f an Ellipse: a Semimajr Axis; b Semiminr Axis 3. Cnic (Lambert) and Cylindrical (Transverse Mercatr) Map Prjectin Surfaces. A Slice thrugh the Ellipsid and Cnical Surfaces 5 5. The Five Parameters f a Rectangular Crdinate System Based upn a Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Prjectin 6 6. The Five Parameters f a Rectangular Crdinate System Based upn a Transverse Mercatr Prjectin 7 7. Elevatin and Geid Height 8 8. The Wiscnsin Cunty Crdinate System (Adjacent Cunties with Shared Symbls Share a Single Crdinate System There are 7 Cunties and 59 Crdinate Systems ( Lambert and 35 Transverse Mercatr)) 9 ii

4 Authr s Bigraphical Sketch Alan P. Vnderhe is a Prfessr f Civil and Envirnmental Engineering at the University f Wiscnsin Madisn where he has served n the faculty since Dr. Vnderhe received his undergraduate and graduate degrees, in civil engineering with emphasis n phtgrammetry and gedetic science, frm the University f Illinis Urbana / Champaign. He teaches and cnducts research in spatial reference systems, analysis and design f spatial measurement systems, analytical and digital phtgrammetry, and thery and applicatins f GIS. Dr. Vnderhe is a licensed land surveyr in Wiscnsin. Fr many years, he was active in the Wiscnsin Land Infrmatin Assciatin, the Wiscnsin Sciety f Land Surveyrs, and numerus natinal prfessinal rganizatins such as the American Sciety fr Phtgrammetry and Remte Sensing, and the American Cngress n Surveying and Mapping. iii

5 Intrductin The Wiscnsin Cunty Crdinate System (WCCS), published in 1995 (SCO, 1995), has been redesigned t imprve ease f use by eliminating the need fr enlarged r raised reference ellipsids fr the 59 individual crdinate systems. The redesigned systems, WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems), use a single reference ellipsid, the Gedetic Reference System 1980 (GRS 80), fr all crdinate systems. The GRS 80 ellipsid is incrprated in the natinal hrizntal gedetic datum, referred t as Nrth American Datum f 1983 r NAD 83. WCCS has been widely adpted by state and lcal agencies fr use in GIS, infrastructure design and stake ut, and gedetic cntrl systems. Its ppularity is driven by the fact that distances measured n the grund are, fr mst applicatins, negligibly different frm distances n the crrespnding crdinate grid. During design f WCCS, the grund-t-grid distance rati was made very nearly equal t ne by causing the map prjectin surface t apprach the mean terrain surface acrss the extents f each f the crdinate systems. This was dne by enlarging the reference ellipsid t apprach mean terrain and then selecting a map prjectin surface that clsely fit the enlarged ellipsid. Since gedetic datums are assciated with specific ellipsids, this apprach led t each cunty crdinate system, effectively, having its wn gedetic datum. This nuance intrduced a level f cmplexity in use f WCCS that led t the need fr redesign. The new WISCRS are designed t (1) retain GRS 80 as the single reference ellipsid fr all 59 individual crdinate systems and () prduce negligible crdinate differences when cmpared t WCCS. Criterin was develped s legacy GIS databases and ther spatial data culd be merged with newly-acquired data withut need fr any transfrmatin. That is, data referenced t either WCCS r WISCRS can be integrated withut cncern fr crdinate discrepancies. The largest differences in crdinates, between WCCS and WISCRS, are between and 5 millimeters, and these ccur in nly fur cunties arund the State. In many ther cunties, maximum differences between the tw sets f crdinates are less than 3 millimeters. Hrizntal Psitins The mst fundamental mathematical methd fr describing the hrizntal psitin f a pint is latitude (Φ) and lngitude (λ). Φ and λ are referenced t a three- 1

6 dimensinal ellipsid (see Figure 1), are expressed in angular units, and are referred t as gedetic r gegraphic crdinates. A line f cnstant latitude n the ellipsid surface is referred t as a parallel f latitude, while a line f cnstant lngitude is referred t as a meridian f lngitude. The reference ellipsid is generated by rtating a tw-dimensinal ellipse (see Figure ) abut its minr axis. The parameters that describe the reference ellipsid are its semimajr axis (a) and its semiminr axis (b). Figure 1. Latitude (Φ p ) and Lngitude (λ p ) f Pint P Figure. Parameters f an Ellipse: a Semimajr Axis; b Semiminr Axis

7 When a reference ellipsid is psitined in space with respect t the surface f the Earth, we have a hrizntal gedetic datum. Such a datum is realized by publishing the gedetic crdinates f an intercnnected set f permanently marked pints that can be recvered and used t cntrl mapping and ther measurement activities. The current natinal hrizntal gedetic datum was published in It is referred t as NAD 83 because it was riginally expected t becme available in NAD 83 uses GRS 80 as the reference ellipsid. The semimajr axis (a) f GRS 80 is equal t meters (exactly) and its semiminr axis (b) is equal t meters. Since 1986, the measurements that cnnect the permanently-marked pints in the hrizntal gedetic cntrl netwrk in Wiscnsin have been readjusted twice; in 1991 and This is because majr advances (i.e., the Glbal Psitining System) in measurement technlgy have been achieved in the past 0 years. We nw have very accurate measurements, amng widely-separated pints, that were nt included in the riginal calculatins fr NAD 83. Each new adjustment resulted in smewhat different latitudes and lngitudes fr the mnumented cntrl pints. Thus, the three sets f published gedetic crdinates fr hrizntal cntrl pints in Wiscnsin are referred t as NAD 83 (1986), NAD 83 (1991), and NAD 83 (1997). Map Prjectins and Tw-Dimensinal Rectangular Crdinate Systems Gedetic crdinates, being expressed in angular units, d nt lend themselves t easy cmputatin f, fr example, distance and area, r t meaningful display in twdimensinal media such as hardcpy maps and cmputer screens. Therefre, we usually transfrm latitudes and lngitudes int rectangular crdinates (e.g., nrthings and eastings) that are expressed in distance units (e.g., meters r U.S. survey feet). These transfrmatins invlve prjecting pints f interest frm the ellipsid surface t a develpable surface, r map prjectin surface, that can be laid ut flat in a plane. We then impse a rectangular crdinate system n the plane s that rectangular crdinates can be btained fr the pints f interest. WCCS used tw different map prjectin surfaces (see Figure 3). The cnical surface, used fr Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic systems, can be sliced frm apex t base and laid flat. Similarly, the cylindrical surface, used fr Transverse Mercatr systems, can be sliced frm end t end, unrlled and laid flat. 3

8 Scale Factr 1 Standard Parallels (Scale Factr 1) Figure 3. Cnic (Lambert) and Cylindrical (Transverse Mercatr) Map Prjectin Surfaces Figure shws a slice thrugh the ellipsid and cnical prjectin surfaces frm Figure 3. The figure indicates that when distances n the ellipsid surface are prjected nt the map prjectin surface, their values change. Mrever, the rati f prjected distance t ellipsid distance varies with psitin. This rati is referred t as the scale factr. Every map prjectin has a place, r places, where the scale factr is a minimum. In Figure, the pint f minimum scale factr lies near the center f the prjectin. Since Figure shws a tw-dimensinal slice thrugh three-dimensinal bjects, the pint f minimum scale lies n a parallel f latitude cming ut f, and ging int, the plane f the figure. In three-dimensinal space, the scale factr is cnstant, and at a minimum, all alng that parallel f latitude. Fr Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic prjectins, the parallel f latitude with minimum scale factr is referred t as the central parallel. The value f its latitude (Φ 0 ) and the value f its scale factr (k 0 ) are tw f the parameters that describe a Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic prjectin. Fr cnes that slice thrugh, r are secant t, the ellipsid, as in Figure 3, the latitude f the central parallel and its scale factr are usually cmputed frm the latitudes f the tw standard parallels, which are specified. The standard parallels are the lines f intersectin between the cne and the ellipsid. The scale factr is equal t ne alng these lines. In Figure, pints c and f lie n the tw standard parallels that cme ut f, and g int, the plane f the figure. The third parameter that describes a Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic prjectin is the lngitude (λ 0 ) f the central meridian which is chsen t be central t the area cvered by the prjectin.

9 Figure. A Slice thrugh the Ellipsid and Cnical Surfaces T impse a rectangular crdinate system n a Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic prjectin, we specify the lngitude f the true rigin t be that f the central meridian. Fr secant prjectins, the latitude f the true rigin is arbitrary but must be specified. Fr cnes that d nt intersect the ellipsid, the latitude f the true rigin is the latitude f the central parallel. In additin, we assign large crdinate values, called the false nrthing (N 0 ) and the false easting (E 0 ), t the true rigin. These values are selected such that n crdinates, within the extents cvered by the system, will have negative values. Figure 5 illustrates the five parameters fr a rectangular crdinate system based upn a Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic prjectin. Fr Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic prjectins, the scale factr varies mre rapidly in the nrth-suth directin than in the east-west directin. Therefre, these prjectins are usually preferred fr areas with greater east-west extents, such as Marathn Cunty and Clumbia Cunty. 5

10 Figure 5. The Five Parameters f a Rectangular Crdinate System Based upn a Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Prjectin Fr Transverse Mercatr prjectins, the scale factr is minimum alng the central meridian. Its lngitude (λ 0 ) and its scale factr (k 0 ) describe the prjectin. T impse a rectangular crdinate system n a Transverse Mercatr prjectin, we specify the true rigin t lie n the central meridian. We als specify the latitude (Φ 0 ) f the true rigin which is arbitrary and is usually chsen fr cnvenience. In additin, we assign a false nrthing (N 0 ) and a false easting (E 0 ) t the true rigin, as with Lambertbased crdinate systems. Figure 6 illustrates the five parameters fr a rectangular crdinate system based upn a Transverse Mercatr prjectin. Fr Transverse Mercatr prjectins, the scale factr varies mre rapidly in the east-west directin than in the nrth-suth directin. Therefre, these prjectins are usually preferred fr areas with greater nrth-suth extents, such as Brwn Cunty and Duglas Cunty. Transfrmatins amng Crdinate Systems A transfrmatin frm gedetic t rectangular crdinates is referred t as a direct transfrmatin and a transfrmatin frm rectangular t gedetic crdinates is referred t as an inverse transfrmatin. Direct and inverse transfrmatins invlve a series f equatins that express the mathematical relatinships between the tw sets f crdinates, the reference ellipsid, and the map prjectin surface (see Appendices B and C). The equatins use the starting crdinates, the semimajr and semiminr axes 6

11 f the reference ellipsid, and the parameters f the map prjectin and rectangular crdinate system t cmpute the ending crdinates. Figure 6. The Five Parameters f a Rectangular Crdinate System Based upn a Transverse Mercatr Prjectin It is als pssible t transfrm crdinates frm ne rectangular crdinate system int anther rectangular crdinate system. Fr example, state plane crdinates can be transfrmed int cunty crdinates, and vice versa. This is dne by an inverse transfrmatin t btain gedetic crdinates frm state plane crdinates, fllwed by a direct transfrmatin t btain cunty crdinates frm the gedetic crdinates. T simplify the prcess, mst sftware hides these tw steps frm us and requires us t specify nly the starting and ending rectangular crdinate systems. In additin, it is pssible t transfrm gedetic crdinates frm ne datum t anther r frm ne adjustment f a datum t anther adjustment f the same datum (e.g., NAD 83 (1986) t NAD 83 (1991)). The methds fr ding this are nt as exact as the direct and inverse transfrmatins described abve. Sme, usually tlerable, errr is intrduced during datum and adjustment transfrmatin. By cmbining crdinate transfrmatins and datum transfrmatins, it is pssible t transfrm frm a rectangular crdinate system n ne datum and adjustment t the same r a different rectangular crdinate system n anther datum 7

12 and adjustment. Fr example, it is pssible t transfrm frm state plane crdinates n NAD 83 (1986) t cunty crdinates n NAD 83 (1991). This invlves a three-step prcess: (1) state plane crdinates t gedetic crdinates; () gedetic crdinates n NAD 83 (1986) t gedetic crdinates n NAD 83 (1991); and (3) gedetic crdinates t cunty crdinates. Once again, we are frtunate in that mst sftware requires nly that we specify the starting and ending crdinate systems and datums. Grund-t-Grid We have seen that distances n a rectangular crdinate grid differ frm crrespnding distances n the surface f the reference ellipsid by a multiplier (i.e., the scale factr). Hwever, distances recrded n survey plats, and thse used t stake ut infrastructure, are measured n the grund. S, hw are grund distances related t distances n the surface f the reference ellipsid? Anther multiplier, referred t as the elevatin factr, is used. The elevatin factr includes the elevatin f the terrain and smething called geid height. Added tgether, they yield the distance frm the surface f the Earth t the surface f the reference ellipsid (see Figure 7). Figure 7. Elevatin and Geid Height Elevatins, smetimes referred t as heights abve mean sea level, are measured with respect t the geid. The geid and ellipsid surfaces d nt cincide. In Wiscnsin, the average distance between them (i.e., the geid height) is apprximately minus 3 meters. The geid height is negative because, in Wiscnsin, the geid is belw the surface f the ellipsid. Of curse, the larger the sum f elevatin and geid height, the greater the difference between a grund distance and the crrespnding ellipsid distance. In Wiscnsin, grid distances and crrespnding grund distances can vary by as much as 1 ft per mile when using the State Plane Crdinate System, and mre than 8

13 twice that amunt when using the Wiscnsin Transverse Mercatr (WTM) Crdinate System. The necessity fr grund-t-grid cnversin f distances, invlving tw steps (grund-t-ellipsid and ellipsid-t-grid), was the reasn fr develpment f WCCS. WCCS and WISCRS Original Design Fr mst applicatins, WCCS eliminated the need fr grund-t-grid cnversin f distances, thus making it pssible t develp GIS spatial databases directly frm survey plats and t stake ut infrastructure directly frm design plans. Firstly, the design f WCCS made the scale factr negligible by limiting the gegraphic extents f any ne crdinate system. Mst f the crdinate systems are limited t single cunties. A few f them encmpass mre than ne cunty withut vilating the riginal design criteria f errrs n larger than 1:50,000 in urban areas and 1:30,000 in rural areas (see Figure 8). Figure 8. The Wiscnsin Cunty Crdinate System (Adjacent Cunties with Shared Symbls Share a Single Crdinate System There are 7 Cunties and 59 Crdinate Systems ( Lambert and 35 Transverse Mercatr)) 9

14 Secndly, the design f WCCS made the grund-t-ellipsid cnversin factr negligible by enlarging the GRS 80 ellipsid t an ptimal terrain elevatin fr each crdinate system. In that way, elevatin and geid height cancelled ne anther when added tgether. Different Datums and Redesign Enlarging the GRS 80 ellipsid fr each crdinate system effectively caused each crdinate system t be n a different hrizntal gedetic datum, all f which differed frm the natinal datum. Peple unfamiliar with gedetic datums, map prjectins, and crdinate systems experienced difficulty in understanding and applying the design f WCCS. The difficulty grew as WCCS was mre widely adpted. Eventually, in 00, the State Cartgrapher brught tgether interested parties and leading expertise and, later, the Wiscnsin Land Infrmatin Assciatin charged this new Task Frce n Wiscnsin Crdinate Systems with addressing the issue. After cnsiderable gathering f infrmatin, analysis, and deliberatin, the Task Frce recmmended redesign f WCCS under the fllwing criteria: 1. Fr 58 f the crdinate systems, the type (i.e., Lambert r Transverse Mercatr), and gegraphic extents f the riginal crdinate system are t be retained. Fr the 59 th crdinate system, in Jacksn Cunty, the Jacksn Cunty Official Crdinate System is t be adpted, as is, int WISCRS. The Jacksn Cunty Official Crdinate System is based upn a Transverse Mercatr prjectin, using the GRS 80 ellipsid directly, while WCCS uses a Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic prjectin and an enlarged ellipsid in Jacksn Cunty.. All crdinate systems are t use the GRS 80 ellipsid, withut need fr enlargement. Thus all crdinate systems are based upn the same hrizntal gedetic datum. 3. All crdinate differences, between WCCS and the redesigned systems, are t be less than r equal t 5 millimeters in magnitude. The Task Frce deemed such a difference negligible, meaning that legacy data (based n the riginal design) and newly-acquired data (based n the redesign) can be integrated withut the need fr transfrmatin. The 5-millimeter tlerance arse frm initial testing f the redesign methdlgy. A 5-millimeter grund 10

15 distance cannt be pltted n any large-scale map. In additin, 5 millimeters is smaller than the expected errr in high-precisin gedetic surveys using the Glbal Psitining System. Naming Cnventins The Task Frce recgnized a need fr names fr the riginal and redesigned systems that (1) distinguished between the tw and () did nt require changes in names that had already been widely adpted. Therefre, the name WCCS (Wiscnsin Cunty Crdinate System) is retained fr the riginal and the name WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) is designated fr the redesigned. It is suggested that individual crdinate systems within WISCRS be referred t as WISCRS, cunty_name Cunty (fr example, WISCRS, Langlade Cunty ). Redesign The methdlgy fr redesign is described in Vnderhe (005). All 58 redesigned crdinate systems met the 5-millimeter crdinate difference tlerance. Only fur crdinate systems had crdinate differences larger than millimeters. Many had maximum differences f 3 millimeters r less. Appendix A cntains crdinate system infrmatin fr each Wiscnsin cunty. Included are WISCRS parameters, ntes pertinent t use f the parameters, and isline (cntur) maps f differences in nrthing and easting between WCCS and WISCRS crdinates. The crdinate system fr pltting f the isline maps is Wiscnsin Transverse Mercatr (WTM 83 (1991)). The mapping angles acrss WTM 83 (1991) cause sme cunty bundaries t appear rtated slightly frm their cardinal directins. Fr Lambert-based crdinate systems, the WCCS lngitude (central meridian) f the true rigin is retained in WISCRS. Other parameters are subject t change. Fr Transverse-Mercatr-based crdinate systems, the WCCS lngitude (central meridian) f the true rigin and the WCCS latitude f the true rigin are retained in WISCRS. Other parameters are subject t change. WISCRS is simpler than WCCS because: 1. All crdinate systems use the same reference ellipsid. 11

16 . The number f parameters fr a Lambert-based system is reduced frm eight t five by (1) eliminating the design elevatin and geid height and () mving the true rigin t the intersectin f the central parallel and central meridian. 3. The number f parameters fr a Transverse-Mercatr-based system is reduced frm seven t five by eliminating the design elevatin and geid height. NAD 83 (1991) is the de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS. Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis are, fr mst applicatins, als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 Since WISCRS is mathematically relatable t NAD 83 (the natinal hrizntal gedetic datum), its use is permitted under Chapter 36 f the Wiscnsin Statutes. Chapter 36 cvers subdivisin platting and is the statute in which the use f crdinate systems and datums is mentined. Gegraphic Extents and Grund-t-Grid Rati The gegraphic extents f each individual WISCRS crdinate system were determined during design f WCCS in such a way that grund and grid distances differed by n mre than 1:50,000 in urban areas and n mre than 1:30,000 in rural areas, with nly a few exceptins arund the State (SCO, 1995). 1:50,000 is a little mre than 1 ft in 10 miles and 1:30,000 is a little mre than 1 ft in 6 miles. Sme current and future applicatins might require extending any given WISCRS crdinate system beynd the bundaries f its cunty r cunties. Mst Lambertbased WISCRS crdinate systems can be extended 30 miles nrth r suth f their central parallels befre encuntering differences larger than 1:0,000 between grund distances and grid distances. Similarly, mst Transverse-Mercatr-based WISCRS crdinate systems can be extended 30 miles east r west f their central meridians befre encuntering differences larger than 1:0,000 between grund distances and grid distances. 1:0,000 is a little mre than 1 ft in miles. Thrughut the State, there are sme exceptins t this rule-f-thumb. If there are large elevatin differences in adjacent cunties, especially if an adjacent cunty has much lwer elevatins, the differences between grund and grid distances can exceed 1:0,000 at 30 miles. Units f Distance Measure 1

17 There is ne internatinally accepted definitin fr the meter. It is based upn the speed f light in a vacuum, which is knwn very precisely. Hwever, in the United States, there are tw definitins fr the ft, bth f which are based upn the meter (Stem, 1989). One internatinal ft is equal t meters (exactly). One U.S. survey ft is equal t 100 / 3937 meters (exactly). These tw definitins differ by apprximately parts in 1,000,000, which des nt seem like much but can make significant differences in lng distances and crdinate values that include large false nrthings r false eastings. We have tw definitins f the ft because, when the internatinal ft was adpted in 1959, it was nt practical t revise all maps and published crdinates that were based upn the lder definitin f the ft. Thus, the lder definitin was retained fr surveying and mapping purpses and became knwn as the U.S. survey ft. Chapter 36 f the Wiscnsin Statutes designates the U.S. survey ft r the meter as the units f distance measure fr crdinate systems in Wiscnsin. Acknwledgements The redesign effrt was funded by a Wiscnsin Land Infrmatin Prgram grant, apprved by the Wiscnsin Land Infrmatin Bard. The redesign cntract was administered by the Jacksn Cunty Land Infrmatin Office (Jacksn Cunty, Wiscnsin). The Wiscnsin Department f Natural Resurces prvided their data sharing CD. The WLIA Task Frce n Wiscnsin Crdinate Systems prvided advice, guidance, and independent validatin f results. List f References Bmfrd, G., (1985), Gedesy, th Editin, Oxfrd University Press, New Yrk, 855 pp. Stem, J., (1989), State Plane Crdinate Systems f 1983, NOAA Manual NOS NGS 5, Rckville, MD. Vnderhe, A., (005), A Methdlgy fr Re-Design f the Wiscnsin Cunty Crdinate Systems, Reprt t the Jacksn Cunty, Wiscnsin Land Infrmatin Office. Wiscnsin State Cartgrapher s Office, (1995), Wiscnsin Crdinate Systems Handbk, University f Wiscnsin Madisn, Madisn, WI. 13

18 Appendix A WISCRS Parameters (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems Parameters) 1

19 Adams Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Adams and Juneau Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.01 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Adams Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 15

20 Ashland Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.006 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Ashland Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 5 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 16

21 Barrn Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.010 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Barrn Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 17

22 Bayfield Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Bayfield Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 18

23 Brwn Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Brwn Cunty There are n crdinate shifts in Brwn Cunty. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 19

24 Buffal Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.016 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Buffal Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 0

25 Burnett Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Burnett Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 1

26 Calumet Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Calumet, Fnd du Lac, Outagamie, and Winnebag Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.016 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Calumet Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 1 millimeter. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83

27 Chippewa Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Chippewa Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 3

28 Clark Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.08 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Clark Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83

29 Clumbia Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Clumbia Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 5

30 Crawfrd Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Crawfrd Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 6

31 Dane Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Dane Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 7

32 Ddge Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Ddge and Jeffersn Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.05 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Ddge Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 8

33 Dr Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.008 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Dr Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 9

34 Duglas Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.013 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Duglas Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 30

35 Dunn Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.010 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Dunn Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 31

36 Eau Claire Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Eau Claire Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 1 millimeter. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 3

37 Flrence Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.01 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Flrence Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 33

38 Fnd du Lac Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Calumet, Fnd du Lac, Outagamie, and Winnebag Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.016 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Fnd du Lac Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 3

39 Frest Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.05 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Frest Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 5 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 35

40 Grant Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.033 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Grant Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 36

41 Green Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Nte: Green and Lafayette Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Green Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 37

42 Green Lake Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Nte: Green Lake and Marquette Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Green Lake Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 38

43 Iwa Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.015 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Iwa Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 39

44 Irn Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.08 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Irn Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 0

45 Jacksn Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus Jacksn Cunty Official Crdinate System) See cmment belw. See cmment belw. Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Jacksn Cunty The Jacksn Cunty Official Crdinate System was adpted fr WISCRS, Jacksn Cunty. Hwever, WCCS fr Jacksn Cunty was based upn an entirely different map prjectin. Therefre, WISCRS, Jacksn Cunty and WCCS crdinates fr Jacksn Cunty will nt match and shuld nt be used tgether. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 1

46 Jeffersn Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Ddge and Jeffersn Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.05 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Jeffersn Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83

47 Juneau Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Adams and Juneau Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.01 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Juneau Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 3

48 Kensha Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Kensha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, and Racine Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.003 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Kensha Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 1 millimeter. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83

49 Kewaunee Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Kewaunee, Manitwc, and Shebygan Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.00 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Kewaunee Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 1 millimeter. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 5

50 La Crsse Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.011 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr La Crsse Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 6

51 Lafayette Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Nte: Green and Lafayette Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Lafayette Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 7

52 Langlade Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Langlade Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 8

53 Lincln Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.019 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Lincln Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 9

54 Manitwc Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Kewaunee, Manitwc, and Shebygan Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.00 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Manitwc Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 1 millimeter. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 50

55 Marathn Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Marathn Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 51

56 Marinette Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.010 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Marinette Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 5

57 Marquette Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Nte: Green Lake and Marquette Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Marquette Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 53

58 Menminee Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.010 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Menminee Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 5

59 Milwaukee Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Kensha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, and Racine Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.003 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Milwaukee Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 1 millimeter. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 55

60 Mnre Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Mnre Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 56

61 Ocnt Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.011 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Ocnt Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 57

62 Oneida Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Oneida Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 5 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 58

63 Outagamie Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Calumet, Fnd du Lac, Outagamie, and Winnebag Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.016 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Outagamie Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 59

64 Ozaukee Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Kensha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, and Racine Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.003 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Ozaukee Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 1 millimeter. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 60

65 Pepin Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Nte: Pepin and Pierce Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters (860. U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Pepin Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 61

66 Pierce Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic Nte: Pepin and Pierce Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters (860. U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Pierce Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 6

67 Plk Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.019 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Plk Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 63

68 Prtage Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Prtage Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 6

69 Price Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.036 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Price Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 65

70 Racine Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr Nte: Kensha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, and Racine Cunties share the same prjectin. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.003 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Racine Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than 3 millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 1 millimeter. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 66

71 Richland Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Lambert Cnfrmal Cnic The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Latitude f the Central Parallel and Crdinate Origin (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing and Nrthing f the Central Parallel at the Central Meridian (N ): meters ( U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Parallel (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Richland Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 67

72 Rck Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.0 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Rck Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 68

73 Rusk Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr. The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): 0.03 meters (0.077 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr Rusk Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than 3 millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 69

74 St. Crix Cunty WISCRS (Wiscnsin Crdinate Reference Systems) Prjectin: Transverse Mercatr The parameters fr this prjectin are 1. Origin Lngitude (λ ): Origin Latitude (Φ ): False Easting (E ): meters ( U.S. survey feet). False Nrthing (N ): meters (0.03 U.S. survey feet) 5. Scale Factr n Central Meridian (k ): NOTE: Distance units in meters; angular units in degrees, minutes, secnds; and the scale factr Crdinate Shifts (WISCRS minus WCCS) Isline Maps f a) Easting (X) Shift and b) Nrthing (Y) Shift (in Millimeters) fr St. Crix Cunty The maximum abslute value in any easting shift is less than millimeters. The maximum abslute value in any nrthing shift is less than millimeters. 1. WISCRS parameters, abve, are fr use with the GRS 80 ellipsid. WCCS parameters, published in 1995, were fr use with enlarged r raised ellipsids.. The de fact hrizntal gedetic datum and adjustment fr WISCRS is NAD 83 (1991). Hwever, grund-t-grid ratis, fr mst applicatins, are als negligible fr ther adjustments f NAD 83 70