Chemistry 112. Dr. Geldart.
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1 1 Chemistry 112 Dr. Geldart
2 Material Covered in Course Raymond Chang: Chemistry: Essential Concepts 7 th Edition. Ch Ch. 14: Kinetics Ch. 15: Equilibrium Ch. 16: Acids and Bases Ch. 17: Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Ch. 18: Thermodynamics Ch. 19: Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry By chapter 19, all 6 chapters brought together
3 Need to Know Chem 101 Naming compounds in Chapter 2 Memorize acids and bases and polyatomic ions Know symbols for first 3 rows of periodic table Good understanding and use of mole ratios Balancing chemical reactions 3 Strong Math Skills: Algebra Logarithms and using logs on your calculator Scientific notation and working with exponents Square, cubed and other root functions
4 Chapter 1: Introduction Measurements Know SI units and prefixes Be able to use scientific notation on your calculator Rounding and significant figures Dimensional Analysis Be able to use dimensional analysis to solve problems Conversions between mass, volume, moles, etc. 4 Percents, fractions, ratios Know the difference between them and how to find them for chemical systems.
5 Chapter 2: Chemical Formulas and Names5 Formulas First element symbol is the one farthest to the left (metal) Lowest in the group if both in the same group Add subscripts based on # of atoms per element in molecule Names Name will have 2 words, one for each element 1 st word is 1 st element in formula 2 nd word contains stem of element name & ending is ide Use prefixes to designate # of atoms per element. Examples of writing formulas and names of compounds # atoms Prefix Formula Name 1 mono NO nitrogen monoxide 2, 4 di, tetra N 2 O 4 dinitrogen tetroxide
6 Polyatomic Ions 6 Polyatomic ions: Charged groups of bonded atoms Know the names of the following polyatomic ions and look up and remember their chemical formulas Ammonium Hydronium Acetate Carbonate Chlorate Perchlorate Sulfate Nitrate Nitrite Phosphate Cyanide Permanganate Hydroxide
7 Chapter 3: Stoichiometry 7 Mass to moles conversions Finding molar mass, conversion between mass and moles Use Avogadro s number to convet between molecules and moles Chemical equations Write and balance chemical equations Use limiting reagents to determine products of chemical reactions Percent composition of materials Calculate mass percent Calculate mass of a material from mass percent
8 Chapter 4: Solution Chemistry 8 Molarity Conversions between moles and liters Lowest in the group if both in the same group Add subscripts based on # of atoms per element in molecule Dilutions Calculate concentration of diluted solution from a stock solution M 1 V 1 =M 2 V 2 Calculate mass of solid needed to make a solution Acid Base Titrations Identifying acids and bases Know properties of acids and bases Know list of specific acids both names and formulas Determine concentration of unknown solutions using titration
9 Common Acids to Memorize 9 Hydrochloric Acid: HCl Sulfuric Acid: H 2 SO 4 Nitric Acid: HNO 3 Perchloric Acid: HClO 4 Carbonic Acid: H 2 CO 3 Phosphoric Acid: H 3 PO 4
10 Chapter 4: Redox Reactions 10 Oxidation numbers Determine oxidation number of an atom from chemical formula Write and balance redox equations Determine number of electrons transferred Lowest in the group if both in the same group Add subscripts based on # of atoms per element in molecule Redox titrations Determine unknown solution concentrations using titration reactions
11 Chapter 5: Gases 11 Know how to use ideal gas equation Know units for gases Be able to convert between PVnT to be used in other problems Know Le Chatelier s Principle Force in one direction results in push back in other direction
12 Chapter 6: Thermodynamics 12 Know how to do enthalpy reactions (ΔH) Endothermic vs Exothermic Use enthalpy tables to calculate enthalpy of reactions
13 Scientific notation See chapter 1 Significant figures See chapter 1 Math 13 Solve problems with line equation: Y=MX+ B Should also be able to combine this with logarithms lny=mx+lnb or 1/Y=mx+1/B Logarithms and natural logarithms See appendix 3 in your book
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