Emerging Opportunities in Chemical Safety Information

Transcription

1 Emerging Opportunities in Chemical Safety Information Ralph Stuart Chemical Hygiene Officer, Keene State College Leah McEwen Chemistry Librarian, Cornell University Evan Bolton Lead Scientist, National Center for Biotechnology Information December, 2015

2 Abstract Abstract: Public and professional concern about chemical safety in laboratories have mounted over the last decade as a series of incidents in research, teaching and high school se8ngs have led to serious injuries and deaths. In response, several ACS commi?ees and divisions have provided guidance on developing risk assessments for laboratory procedures. However, this strategy faces two specific challenges: 1) convenient access to reliable chemical safety informagon; and 2) lack of systemagc guidance to use this informagon to idengfy appropriate hazard management strategies. This webinar will describe collaboragve efforts between the CINF and CHAS to address these challenges. Specific resources, such as PubChem s Laboratory Chemical Safety Summaries will be described, as well as logic tools which can support the use of these resources. OpportuniGes for partnerships for further improving these sources and tools will be discussed. RBS

3 Today's Topics 1. Overview of Lab Chemistry Safety Logic 2. A Short History of Electronic Lab Safety InformaGon 3. The Librarian's Role in SupporGng Safety Logic 4. A Case Study: PubChem LCSSs 5. Ge8ng Involved 6. Looking Forward RBS

4 Rising Concerns about Chemical Safety in the Lab The Research Lab The Issue of Laboratory Safety Culture The Teaching Lab RBS

5 Are We Learning? DemonstraGon methanol fires at: 1. Beacon School New York City, January Discovery Museum Reno, Nevada, September STRIVE Preparatory School Denver, Colorado, September Cub Scout group Raymond, Illinois, October, Lincoln Park High School Chicago, November, Lincoln High School Tallahassee, Florida, May Woodson High School Fairfax, VA, November 2015 RBS

6 What Should We Be Learning? 1. Replacing the Hazard: use a different demonstragon method 2. Engineering Controls: in the laboratory, primarily venglagon 3. Training and Oversight: for both demonstrators and audience 4. Personal ProtecSve Equipment: gloves, glasses or safety shields appropriate to the chemistry and the scenario 5. Emergency Planning and Response: both equipment and training RBS

7 The Conceptual Lesson: Safe Chemical Use requires a System Managing chemical hazards in the lab involves organizing 5 strategies into a system: 1. Hazard Reduction 2. Engineering Controls 3. Training and Oversight 4. Personal Protective Equipment 5. Emergency Planning and Environmental Protection This approach is appropriate for chemical risks within the scope of the OSHA lab standard. Other uses of chemicals and other hazards require more extensive analysis. Emergency Planning and Environmental ProtecGon Engineering Controls Adjust the Chemistry to Minimize the Hazards Personal ProtecGve Equipment Training and Oversight RBS

8 The Reality of the Lab SeVng Safety in academic research labs is a long standing concern; in 1964, the ACS Commi?ee on Chemical Safety chair wrote: Scien'fic research in the campus laboratories is one of the most exci'ng ac'vi'es in the world of ideas, and one of the least orderly in the world of organiza'ons. Risk management starts with risk assessment; but lab risks change congnuously and unpredictably So we need to develop flexible risk assessment tools and appropriate educason for their use. A recent census of lab hazards at a major research institution; these proportions are changing rapidly. Chemicals (80%) Biological Agents (40%) Radiation (25%) RBS

9 Emerging Risk Assessment Tools for Lab Hazards The system is supported by emerging tools. Three key tools are: The Globally Harmonized System (GHS) The RAMP paradigm from Laboratory Safety for Chemistry Students (Hill and Finster) and ACS CPT Iden&fying and Evalua&ng Hazards in Research Laboratories from the ACS RBS

10 The RAMP model for Building a Lab Safety System Managing Chemical Safety involves 6 key steps: 1. EHS Culture 2. Hazard Iden'fica'on 3. Risk Assessment 4. Managing Safety 5. Planning for Emergencies 6. Protec'ng the Environment Organizing these tools requires a partnership between lab workers and the insgtugon.

11 The BoXom Line: Risk Assessment is a Research Process The RAMP model of Chemical Safety Safety culture Recognize hazards Assess risks Manage safety Plan, Protect Share Lessons Learned ACRL InformaSon Literacy Skills Scope the Inquiry Collect Data Evaluate the InformaGon Apply Data to Make Decisions Document the Process and Outcome RBS

12 In the Real World, InformaSon Systems are Changing As Well : Web 1.0 data delivery via and html; group communicason becomes convenient : Web 1.5 search engines promote discovery and cross-disciplinary collaborason : Web 2.0 So much informagon is available that informagon brokers are necessary These brokers developed siloed pla[orms to support specific use cases RBS

13 Examples of Lab Safety Web 2.0 pla[orms Institutional data: lab rooms and worker rosters Safety training: requirements and records Risk data collections: inventories, SDS s PPE Wizards Lab ventilation: tracking in building management systems RBS

14 : Web 2.5 Changing technologies, user expectasons, and the increasing complexity of the interdisciplinary lab world broke Web 2.0 efforts. Part of the reason for this is poor informason management pracgces (compegng frameworks; poor provenance pracgces, high training costs) led to unstructured communicagon that does not scale, is not transferable between labs and is not sustainable. Personal computers Mainframes Twitter traffic: RBS

15 The Vision Beyond 2015 The emerging web favors: Sites are designed as a nodes in the network rather than controllers of the network ConsideraGon of Contextual Usability (use of the informagon beyond the screen) EffecGve open source peer curason, building on lists and Wikipedia What is emerging is a flexibly structured ecosystem of data, workflow tools and domain exper&se mapped to the essensal commonalises of the use case and content, connected by good informason management pracsces Wikipedia articles RBS

16 InformaSon ConnecSons Biological Safety Data Sheets NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Does each organization (or scientist) use their own favorite data source(s)? ChemIDplus: A TOXNET DATABASE Pathogen Safety Data Sheets and Risk Assessment Do these various data sources provide SDS Search and Product Safety Center International Chemical consistent Safety Cards information (ICSC) (gaps, errors)? SIRI MSDS Index How does the health and safety decision change with different information (or lack SDS and Chemical Information from Manufacturers of it)? CHEMINDEX FREE on the WEB! TOXLINE: A TOXNET DATABASE Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheets LRM

17 Many Different Needs ~ Students Researchers InsStuSons: Research Funding Regulatory { ~ ~ Faculty Departments Safety Officers Librarians Stakeholders: Academic View LRM

18 Laboratory Chemical Safety Summaries LRM

19 Data Source of Data Sources By integrating these, PubChem acts as a one stop shop for data needs with links back to primary data sources Acetone.. seven sources CDC NIOSH, NJ HSFS, DOL OSHA, ILO ICSC, NLM HSDB, CDC ATSDR, EPA/ NOAA CAMEO One chemical.. many useful sources Each resource has some overlaps Each resource has unique content What if you have ten chemicals? What if you have ten sources for each? How much time will one spend comparing these? LRM

20 PubChem Data Fields Mapped to LCSS Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary (LCSS) Form (NRC) acetone LRM

21 PubChem LCSS LRM

22 Finding LCSSs at PubChem LRM

23 PubChem LCSS as a data stream h?ps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/idexchange/idexchange.cgi hxps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/acetone#datasheet=lcss LRM

24 Safety Office Use Cases Inventory systems (consolidated data stream) Chemical profiling (safety planning) incident analysis reacgvity classificagon Research tool for safety system studies The system will be used to provide suggesgons for safety measures. Inventory Requirements: GHS labeling with pictograms, signal words and hazard statement codes SDS from manufacturer or equivalent for house solutions (including incompatibilities) Identifiers, preferably with concentration and physical form specification LRM

25 Chemistry Educator Use Cases Chemical profiling for lab curriculum (download LCSSs for chemical lists) Teaching literacy in RAMP process (searching for informagon and comparing data sources) Analyzing procedures for chemical, equipment and process hazards LRM

26 Chemistry Researcher Use Cases Experimental planning Capturing lab risk assessments and any lessons learned PublicaGon of safety notes as part of Supplemental InformaGon Use of safety info tools and documentagon promotes safe research group culture Need for Targeted Information: Identification of reagents, products Reactivity and associated hazard analysis Associated exposure control information Alternative reagents or reaction pathways Iterative over repeated experiments LRM

27 Chemical Vendor Use Cases Requirement to disseminate chemical safety informagon (e.g., SDS) Visibility of catalog informagon LRM

28 InformaSon PracSces that Support this Vision Ontology: the machine readable system of definigons and links between those definigons AnnotaSon: the human process of priorigzing elements and making decisions based on the available resources and the goal of the project EEB

29 InformaSon PracSces that Support this Vision What does this give you? Improved query / analysis Go to a web search engine Type in a natural language query Get an answer What is the boiling point of benzene? EEB

30 Call to AcSon! Professional Safety Community Chemical Educator Community Chemical InformaGon Community InformaGon ScienGsts Librarians & Service Providers EEB

31 Safety Professional Input Data What is needed/available or should be added/removed? Use Are data access mechanisms/formats appropriate? Review Is anything amiss? Chemical use case variagon? AnnotaGon Share your annotagon and help improve that available Tell a friend Expanding the community will increase impact EEB

32 Chemical EducaSon Input Common chemical lists and lab procedures Are they covered? Mixtures vs. pure chemicals? RAMP exercises to model Is the informagon available to support Risk Assessments as they are pracgced and taught? ConsideraGons unique to non-research lab exercises and demonstragons? EEB

33 CheminformaScians Data ingest, management, structure Grouping/classificaGon, terminology/synonymy Text mining & analysis Clean, sanigze, validate Do the above or else (horror!) EEB

34 Chemistry Librarians Suggest data sources MORE MORE MORE!!! Promote Literacy PromoGng awareness and use of sources Encouraging evaluagon of data and provenance Develop safety data re-use scenarios Outline services, including annotagon Document instrucgons for accessing data Assist in establishing use in various insgtugons Teaching labs Research labs, ELN systems, etc. EHS and other campus service offices EEB

35 Related InformaSon Efforts IUPAC InChI projects QR code (integrated with barcode scanners) Mixtures extension (purity, components, etc.) Lookup service (protocols for federated search) Pistoia Chemical Safety Library inigagve Others (oren with variable use cases) EEB

36 Future Work 1. Develop process descriptors which can data mine the literature to identify process hazards (CINF professionals) 2. Develop a Chemical Safety Ontology (joint effort of CINF and EHS professionals) 3. Develop a crowd annotation approach for EHS professionals, potentially hosted by PubChem, an institution and/or service (TBD) 4. Lessons learned framework RBS

37 The Future: Ongoing CollaboraSon with a Variety of Partners General news about the project's progress can be found at RBS

38 References 1. PubChem Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary, Kim et al. Fall 2015 ACS CHED CCCE Newsletter 2. The Safety Use Case : Co-Developing Chemical Information Management and Laboratory Safety Skills, Stuart and McEwen, Journal of Chemical Education 3. Meeting the Google Expectation for Chemical Safety Information: Chemical Risk Assessment in Academic Research and Teaching, Chemistry International, McEwen and Stuart ci xml?format=int 4. Safety Data Sheets: Information that Could Save Your Life, Rohrig, ChemMatters Magazine. chemmatters/past-issues/ /december-2015/safety-datasheets.html RBS

39 Thanks to Many Colleagues! American Chemical Society (ACS) Professional Member Divisions of Chemical Health & Safety (CHAS), Chemical InformaGon (CINF), Chemical EducaGon (CHED) ACS Commi?ee on Chemical Safety (CCS) Safety Advisory Panel (SAP) NaGonal Library of Medicine (NLM) PubChem Team InsGtuGonal Collaborators University of California University of New Hampshire RBS

40 QuesSons? U. Minnesota