Progress in the Management of Chemicals in Chile

Transcription

1 2015/SOM3/CD/027 Agenda Item: 6.E Progress in the Management of Chemicals in Chile Purpose: Information Submitted by: Chile 15 th Chemical Dialogue Cebu, Philippines 27 August 2015

2 PROGRESS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICALS IN CHILE Office of Waste and Environmental Risk 25 of August 2015 Imagen Referencial CONTENTS 1. Introduction. 2. Regulation of Chemical Substances Throughout Their Life Cycle. 3. Management Tools for Chemical Safety. 4. Main Areas of Progress in the Management of Chemical Substances. 5. Key Challenges. 6. Conclusions. Salar de Atacama Región de Antofagasta. 1

3 Imagen Referencial 1. INTRODUCTION Picaflor cordillerano 1. INTRODUCTION The country's economic growth over the past 20 years has been a determining factor in the domestic chemical industry, mainly due to increased use of chemicals, in terms of both volume and diversity. The Chilean chemical industry is made up of approximately 300 companies, which manufacture locally and distribute around 400 chemicals at national and international level. One should also consider companies such as Oil Refineries, as well as the Steel, Pulp and Paper, Petrochemical and Copper Mining Industries, among others. In this sense, Chile has a worldwide production, among which fertilizers and other inorganic chemicals stand out, due to the existence of large reserves of natural salts in the north of the country. We have businesses aimed at foreign markets in the national chemical industry, which have adapted their products to the customer s specific requirements, for whom they have developed the necessary skills to compete in the international market. There are also companies specifically focused on the domestic market. Regarding international trade in chemicals, it is important to note that it has been strongly supported by bilateral and multilateral trade agreements, as well as some partnership and complementation agreements. Given the above, during 2013 Chile made imports totalling close to US$ million, while exports reached an amount close to US$3.701 million. 2

4 Imagen Referencial 2. REGULATION OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES THROUGHOUT THEIR LIFE CYCLE. Valle Lluta, Sector Molinos Región de Arica y Parinacota 2. REGULATION OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES THROUGHOUT THEIR LIFE CYCLE. IMPORT Customs Low (No ) List of Substances Hazardous to Health (Res. N 714/2002) In process of being updated Authorisation from MINSAL (Minsitry of Health) (ASDigital) DISPOSAL Hazardous Waste Disposal (S.D. No. 148/2004) Pesticide Regulation for Sanitary and Domestic Use (Decree N 157/2005) Conditions in the Workplace- S.D. N 594/1999 USAGE Agricultural Protection Provisions (Law No /2009) Fixed Standards for Agricultural Pesticide Evaluation (Res. No. 3670/1999) Dangerous chemicals (Chilean norm N 382/2004) GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals) RETC (Pollutant Release and Transfer Register- Decree N 1/2013/MMA y Res. Ex. 1139/2004/MMA) PNSQ (National Chemical Safety Policy) STORAGE Storage of Hazardous Substances (S.D. No. 78/2009) In public consultation MANUFACTURING Health Code - D.F.L. No. 725/67 - Conditions in the Workplace - S.D. N 594/1999 TRANSPORT Transport of Hazardous Substances (S.D. No. 298/1995) In process of being updated 3

5 Imagen Referencial 3. MANAGEMENT TOOLS FOR CHEMICAL SAFETY. Glaciar en Bahía Parry Región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena 3. MANAGEMENT TOOLS FOR CHEMICAL SAFETY. 3.1 Coordinating Instruments The of Chile employs the National Policy on Chemical Safety (Politica Nacional de Seguridad Química - PNSQ) as a coordinating instrument of the various initiatives, in order to reduce the risks associated with the handling and/or management of chemicals throughout their life cycle, in order to protect the environment and human health. The PNSQ has been in effect since However, considering the developments in this field at national and international level, the international agreements Chile has signed (Stockholm Convention, Rotterdam Convention, Basel Convention, SAICM) and Chile's entry to the OECD in 2010, this instrument needed to be updated and they have been accordingly working on it since The updating of the PNSQ includes the following strategic objectives and courses of action: 4

6 3. MANAGEMENT TOOLS FOR CHEMICAL SAFETY. Table 1. Updated National Policy on Chemical Safety ( ) SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES I. Strengthen the institution, the regulatory framework and the control related to the management of chemicals throughout their life cycle COURSES OF ACTION 1. Evaluation, development and/or updating of the rules applicable to the management of chemicals throughout their life cycle 2. Control of chemical substances throughout their life cycle II. Prevent risks associated with chemical substances throughout their life cycle 1. Strengthen the implementation of instruments which improve the management of chemicals III. Promote research, training and dissemination on the management of chemicals throughout their life cycle IV. Strengthen the management of preparedness and response to emergencies related to chemical substances 2. Promote and incorporate the risk assessment of chemicals throughout their life cycle. 3. Manage risks throughout the life cycle of chemical substances 1. Improve access and management of information on chemicals throughout their life cycle 2. Promote research and development of training programs to strengthen installed capacity 1. Improve management on plans and / or protocols associated with emergencies related to chemical substances 2. Strengthen response protocols and mitigation measures, when encountering emergencies related to chemicals Imagen Referencial 4. MAIN AREAS OF PROGRESS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES. Punta de Lobos Región de O Higgins 5

7 MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES. 4.1 Institutions 2010: Law No created the new environmental institutions consisting of:. Environmental Assessment Service. System for Environmental Impact Assessment (SEIA) (Risk Assessment). Superintendence of the Environment. Environmental Courts. National Service of Biodiversity (In progress). The law states that one of the main functions of the is to "propose policies and formulate norms, plans and programs on waste and contaminated soils and risk assessment of chemicals, genetically modified organisms and other substances that can affect the environment, notwithstanding the authority of other public bodies on health matters". 4.2 Regulatory Framework International Treaties Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal (Decree No. 685/1992 / Ministry of Foreign Affairs - MINREL). Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides subject of an international trade l (Decree No. 37/2005 / MINREL). Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP s) (Decree No. 38 / 2005/ MINREL) Entry to the OECD in Minamata Convention on Mercury, signed by Chile in 2013, but not yet ratified. 6

8 4.2 Regulatory Framework Life Cycle of Chemical Substances Standards for the evaluation and approval of pesticides in the country, on marketing and use. (Res. Ex. No /1999 / Agricultural and Livestock Service - SAG). Requirements for labels on containers of agricultural use pesticides. (Res. Ex. No /2000 / SAG). Entry standards of pesticide samples for experimentation. (Res. Ex. No. 92/2002 / SAG). Instructs the recognition of pesticide applicators before the SAG. (Res. Ex. No /2002 /SAG). Procedure for admission and national formulation of agricultural pesticides. (Res. Ex. No /2003 / SAG). Pesticide regulation for sanitary and domestic use. (Decree No. 157/2007 / M. of Health). Provisions authorizing the use of pesticides on minor crops. (Ex Res. No / 2009 / SAG) 4.2 Regulatory Framework Life Cycle of Chemical Substances Naming and codes for pesticide formulation. (Res. Ex. No / 2009 / SAG). Prohibits the production, import, export, distribution, sale, possession and use of pesticides with chlordecone, alpha-hch, beta-hch and pentachlorobenzene, endosulfan, alachlor and aldicarb. (Res. Ex. No / 2011 / SAG). Maximum permitted levels of pesticide residue in food. (Res. Ex. No. 762/2011 / Ministry of Health) Tolerance margins for fertilizer products that are admitted, manufactured and marketed in the country for elements contained in them (Cd, Pb, Hg and As). (Res.Ex.No.1.035/ 2011 / SAG). Technical standards of Law No , which creates the National System of Agricultural Organic Product Certification. (Decree No. 86/2011 / Ministry of Agriculture). 7

9 4.2 Regulatory Framework Life Cycle of Chemical Substances Regulations to authorize experimental stations for testing pesticides. (Res. Ex. No / 2011 / SAG). Criteria for evaluation and authorization of pesticides formulated for export only. (Res. Ex. No / 2012 / SAG). Regulation establishing rules on imports and exports of substances that deplete the ozone layer, maximum import volumes and criteria for distribution. (Decree No. 75/2012 / Ministry General Secretariat of the Presidency). 4.2 Regulatory Framework Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Forbids the use of PCBs in electrical equipment. (Res. Ex. No. 610/1982 / Superintendency of Electricity and Fuels - SEC). In progress of being updated). Establishes a list of substances hazardous to human health, including PCBs. (Res. Ex. No. 714/2002 / Ministry of Health). Maximum levels of dioxins and PCBs in pork, poultry, cattle, sheep, fish, eggs and milk. (Decree No. 64/2009 / Ministry of Health). Limits of dioxins and PCBs similar to dioxins in products for animal feed and its modifications by Res. Ex. 1554/2011. (Res. Ex. No / 2009 / SAG). 8

10 4.2 Regulatory Framework Others Determines the formation of Committees for Emergency Operations (COE). (Decree No. 38/2011 / Home Office). Approves a Methodological Guide for the Management of Soils with potential contaminants. (Res. Ex. No. 406/2013 / MMA). Intervention program in zones with polymetal presence in the municipality of Arica. (Law No / 2012 / Ministry General Secretariat of the Presidency) Regulation of the Polymetals Law of Arica. (Decree No. 80/2014 / Ministry General Secretariat of the Presidency). 4.3 Studies and Others PCBs 2005: National Inventory of PCBs. CONAMA. 2008: National Inventory of PCBs in other uses. CONAMA. 2009: Updating of the National Inventory of PCBs and Destruction Technologies. CONAMA. 2011: Tool for decision making in the management of PCBs. It was developed within the GEF / UNEP MSP Project: "Best Practices for PCB Management of the Mining Sector of South America (Chile and Peru)".. POPs : National Implementation Plan for the Management of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) - Phase I 2012: Study of information collection about new persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Chile. 9

11 4.3 Studies and Others GHS 2009: Creation of the Interagency Committee to review, analyze and define the country's situation in each area before the implementation of the Globally Harmonized System (GHS). 2014: Proposal of the strategy of the implementation of the GHS. Mercury 2009: Creation of the "National Plan for risk management of mercury in Chile". It is waiting definitions from Minamata Convention for its update. CONAMA. Cadmium and Lead 2010: Study on the identification of the main national sources of cadmium and lead; national register of sites with potential presence of these metals and development of a methodological guide for estimating use, consumption and release of cadmium and lead. Dioxins y Furans 2011: Register of sites with presence of dioxins and furans associated with the use of pentachlorophenol in sawmills, (phase II): confirmatory research and preliminary estimate of environmental risk Studies and others Studies Associated with Risk Assessment : Assessing health risks in settlements close to metal mining sites in Andacollo, Illapel, Copiapo and Tierra Amarilla. 2011: Studies on assessment and management of environmental risks in the industrial and energy hub of Puchuncaví, Quinteros and Concon. 2014: Management and human health risk assessment to the mining waste from the areas of Pavilion and Totoralillo, Tierra Amarilla and the Atacama Region has : In the framework of Law , which establishes an intervention program in areas with presence of polymetals in the town of Arica: Determination of natural levels in the soil or background level of the municipality of Arica. Determination of the concentration of the relevant contaminants of concern in the soil of the municipality of Arica. Determination of air quality in the municipality of Arica. Determination of acceptable risk levels for the municipality of Arica. Risk assessment in the municipality of Arica due to the presence of polymetals in the soil matrix. 10

12 4.3 Studies and others Others 2010: Development of a National Register and Risk Map of Chemical Industry (Phase I) - Pilot II and VIII regions. CONAMA. 2011: National Register of facilities that store, use, and / or produce dangerous chemicals (Phase II) Working towards a tool for the assessment of chemical hazards, with supplementary information from MINSAL, SAG, SEC and SERNAGEOMIN. 2013: Methodological Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment : Methodology guidelines for sampling and chemical analysis for background level and for confirmatory investigation and risk assessment in soil / sites with contaminants. 2013: Methodological guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified vegetables (GMV) with an electronic directory of methodologies (GEM) : Standard Manual for Sampling and Chemical Analysis for the Determination Background Level and Sites with Presence of PCBs in the Chilean Mining and Metals Sector. Imagen Referencial 5. KEY CHALLENGES Salar Atacama Región de Antofagasta 11

13 5. KEY CHALLENGES : Development of the GEF Project "Review and Updating of the National Implementation Plan (NIP)," which includes a national inventory of POPs and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), among others : Development of the GEF Project Regional Development Support for the Global Monitoring Plan of POPs in Latin America and the Caribbean, Phase II " 2015: Update Res. Ex. Nº 610/1982, the Superintendency of Electricity and Fuels (SEC), which prohibits the use of PCBs in electrical equipment, including the obligation to declare the existence of PCB : Adopt the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) : Consider the GHS and the updated Chilean Norm Nº 382/2013 when updating the Regulations on Transportation of Hazardous Substances (Decree No. 298/2002 / Ministry of Transport). 2015: Buscar incorporar lineamientos del GHS. Updating of Chilean Norm / Chemical substances - Safety Requirement Data Sheets. Incorporate guidelines of the GHS : Update the list of substances hazardous to health. (Res. Ex. Nº 714/2006 / MINSAL) : Incorporate risk assessment and management in the development and updating of rules associated with the handling and use of hazardous chemicals and pesticides for domestic and sanitary use, through Supreme Decree No KEY CHALLENGES 2015: Develop a study of "National Integrated Information System of Chemical Substances and their records". 2015: Develop a study of Cooperative research and selection of high production volume chemicals (HPV)" : To create and coordinate an interagency working group for diagnostic analysis and the definition of actions regarding endocrine disrupters. 12

14 Imagen Referencial 6. CONCLUSIONS Abejorro 6. CONCLUSIONS Improve the mechanisms for international cooperation in the field of chemicals, from the methodological, technological and practical perspective. Promote and make the information, as well as national and international methodologies, available to the competent services of our country, to ensure proper chemical management. Generate effective tools to continue to improve the management of chemicals, especially in those areas in which there are still significant gaps. Permanently train the officials of our country about the progress on chemicals throughout their life cycle. 13

15 THANK YOU Contact information: Marcela Perez Tapia Office of Waste and Environmental Risk Chile Ministerio del Medio Ambiente 14