Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of High Density Poly Ethylene Catalytic Cracking Reactor
|
|
- Charles Sims
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 American Journal of Oil and Chemical Technologies Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of High Density Poly Ethylene Catalytic Cracking Reactor Bagher Anvaripour Mohammad Shah Bin Zahra Maghareh Chemical Engineering Department University of Putra Malaysia Chemical Engineering Department Petroleum University of Technology Iran Abstract: The reactor of High Density Poly Ethylene HDPE conversion into liquid fuel was studied and modeled. The calculation software: CFD FLUENT was applied for this study. The software is a powerful tool in simulating chemical reactions. The simulation of HDPE catalytic cracking reactor was implemented by using this software and inserting both kinetic and thermodynamic conditions of the reaction in Isothermal state. To validate the simulation, the software output graphs including product compositions were put under comparisons with GC gas chromatography graphs. On the other hand, the non-catalytic reaction was modeled and the results were compared to catalytic cracking outputs. On the basis of the received data by simulation, the product content in catalytic cracking had higher values than thermal cracking reaction. Keywords: Computation software FLUENT, simulation, modeling, catalytic cracking, Isothermal kinetic conditions, HDPE 1. Introduction: Based on the latest studies, the best method of waste plastics disposal can be served as their conversion into lighter hydrocarbons. To accomplish this method, the cracking processes (chemical decompositions, here: pyrolysis) can be utilized. These processes are implemented in two cases of catalytic cracking and non-catalytic cracking [1, 2]. The reaction can be handled by heating the polymer in an inert medium paralyzing where the process is called Thermal Cracking. In the case of using a suitable catalyst, the process conditions are simplified which cause the production content to be raised. This case is meaningfully called Catalytic Cracking. Most of researches on this field deal with Thermal cracking [3]. Due to the difficulties involved in this method, this study paper can have a control degree of products efficiencies including products distributions by using a well designed reactor along with a suitable catalyst engagement; as well, the reaction temperature can be reduced to amounts of not- hardly procured. In this study, the experimental application of HDPE cracking reactor was assessed laboratorial the first; and then secondly the simulation of the process of HDPE cracking into light Hydrocarbons was modeled by computational software CFD Fluent. And finally the third; for certainty of simulation validity, comparisons and jurisdictions between experiment results and simulation outputs were brought into account. 2. Experiments: At first effective parameters on HDPE decomposition into lighter Hydrocarbons were identified and their corresponding impacts were evaluated. Experiment initial design was based on temperature and catalyst fraction in order to catalytically crack HDPE to middle distillates [4]. According to the design, the reaction was implemented in a non-stirring reactor with electric thermal jacket as a semi-continuous atmospheric media. In all experiments the polymer weight was kept constant equal to 100 gram HDPE. A definite amount of catalyst in each experiment entered the reactor simultaneously with feed entrance. Heating to the reactor started, after evacuations of the reactor inner air and substituting Nitrogen as an inert gas. Owing to absence of stirring, different thermal stages were opted to optimize the mixing process. After procuring the desired temperature in the reactor, the polymer cracking reaction initiated and products exhausted the reactor as gaseous phase. With attention to studies of references [5, 6, 7, 8], temperature of c was opted as the first temperature stage for the reaction. The other temperature stages were elevated with intervals of 200 c up to the terminal stage of c. The option of temperature stages according to the design is shown in table 1. 1
2 After the experiments accomplished in determined conditions, assessing the obtained results showed that temperature of c and catalyst fraction of 30% were identified as the best determinations for the most preferred production. In table 2 are shown the GC Mass gas chromatography results of the liquid production in states of 430 and c for two cases of catalytic cracking and non-catalytic cracking. After achieving the reaction results experimentally, now we shift to simulation of the HDPE cracking reactor computationally. 3. Modeling of HDPE reactor of cracking into light Hydrocarbons: In this part, the reactor of the desired reaction is to be modeled by CFD software: FLUENT This powerful software is able to simulate chemical reactions with respect to the reactions activation energies and the reactions constants in studied temperatures. Then the software presents the concentration profiles of the reactions constituents [9] Applied conditions in simulation of reactor for HDPE catalytic cracking into Petrol: The reactor for Poly Ethylene conversion to light Hydrocarbons is modeled with considering the following conditions. These conditions were provided with accordance to the experimental conditions in previous part to have proper comparisons of the output results with experimental GC results. 1. The product compositions fell between C1 to C16 and the remaining solid was assumed to be totally coke. 2. The inserted Poly Ethylene in simulation had properties of the Poly Ethylene with 8000 carbon chains. 3. The reaction was assumed to be homogenous with constant volume. 4. The reaction mechanism was assumed as aa-bb-cc-dd-. [10]. 5. The reaction occurred in single phase of gaseous phase. 6. The reaction activation energy equaled E= KJmole -1 and the reaction constant equaled A= [11]. 7. The reaction occurred in an Isothermal temperature of c. 8. Operational pressure was atmospheric. 9. The catalyst fraction over the reactants was 30 over The flow stream in the reactor was Laminar. 11. The reactor was made of Steel Carbon 50%. 12. The reactor dimensions were 25* Modeling the reactor for HDPE non-catalytic cracking: In this part of the study, HDPE thermal cracking reactor is modeled. The thermodynamic conditions of the reaction in this part was similar to previous part with the difference that the reactant in this part included 100 gram HDPE with presence of no catalyst. Due to the absence of the catalyst, the activation energy equaled Jmole -1 and reaction constant equaled 3445 [12]. Ultimately after modeling, products in these two cases were compared for determination and valuations of the effects of catalyst functions; furthermore, the outputs were compared with the experimental results for verifications of simulation validity. 4. Results and discussion: For modeling the reaction, in both cases was utilized two dimensional rectangular meshes with a number of 6171which is shown in Figure 1. This meshing grid was implemented by pre-processing software Gambit in form of 2D. With respect to kinetic and thermodynamic conditions of the reaction in c and catalyst fraction of 3catalyst/10reactants, products contours can be observed as Figure 2. As well, the products contents are available in Figure3 in mole fractions. As it is found in Figure2, most of products in this reaction comprised Light Saturated Hydrocarbons which were in accordance with the analysis results. This was a verification to validate the simulations to an acceptable criterion. Of course as the contours represent; because of absence of a carrier for products, it was assumed that the products did not exhaust the reactor. Thus the purpose of the study was the amounts and compositions of the products in the reactor and so their comparisons with experimental data. 2
3 Figure 1:Meshing grids of the reactor for HDPE cracking by Gambit Software. Now in Figure 2 are shown the yielded amounts of products on the basis of the proposed mechanism and the present kinetic conditions: Figure 2: Mass fraction contours of the products for HDPE Catalytic cracking As Figure 3 represents, the production includes mostly Saturated Hydrocarbons, i.e. HDPE has a great tendency to be catalytically cracked into lighter hydrocarbons. This result is very harmonious to the results for products analysis in Table 2. 3
4 Figure3:Comparison of production contents in HDPE catalytic cracking In following, the non-catalytic cracking product graphs are to be put under assessment. In Figure 4 are shown the contours of the reaction products. As it is viewed in these graphs, the percentage of middle distillates i.e. the desired and optimum production of the cracking process in thermal non-catalytic case had less amounts than the case of catalytic cracking which preserved the validity of the modeling. 4
5 American Journal of Oil and Chemical Technologies Figure 4: Contours of HDPE thermal cracking Comparing the received contours of Figures 2 and 4, it is perfectly obvious that the amount of HDPE conversion into lighter Hydrocarbons was greater in catalytic cracking with comparison to thermal non-catalytic case. This matter is harmoniously visible through Figures 3 and 5 too. 5
6 Figure 5: Comparison of product contents of HDPE different cases cracking 5. Conclusion: Paying attention to implemented experiments and also the results of simulation for HDPE conversion into light middle distillates, it was found out that the desired conversion can be well received and so perceived by the determined cracking processes [1, 2, 3, and 4]. Throughout lab studies and experimental assessments it was operationally resulted that the most desired and the most substantial products of the decomposition process were the family of Light Saturated Hydrocarbons i.e. Alkanes. The synonymous result was then achieved by simulations accomplished by the CFD software: FLUENT It would be of great notice that the study had the multiple and various aspects of theory, kinetics, thermodynamics, experiments and computational modeling simultaneously. 7. References: [1]B.Roozbehani Catalyst construction report for heavy polymer disposals conversions to Naphtha. Research and development center of Bandar Imam petrochemical plant. [2]Chemical recycling of post-consumer polymer waste over fluidizing cracking catalysts for producing chemicals and hydrocarbon fuels. Ta-Tung Wei, Ken-Jer Wu, Sheau-Long Lee, Yeuh-Hui Lin. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 54 (2010) [3]Characteristics of liquid product from the pyrolysis of waste plastic mixture at low and high temperatures: Influence of lapse time of reaction Kyong-Hwan Lee, Dae-Hyun Shin. Waste Management 27 (2007) [4] Fei Ding, Lian Xiong, Cairong Luo, Hairong Zhang, Xinde Chen. Kinetic study of low-temperature conversion of plastic mixtures to value added products. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 94 (2012) [5]S.M. Al-Salem, P. Lettieri. Kinetic Study of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pyrolysis. Chemical Engineering Research and Design 88(2010) [6] John Doe "Catalytic Digradation of High Density Polyethylene overe a copper oxide Catalyst" Department of Chemical Engineering Ohio University December [7] K.R. Venkatesh, G.D.Holder, J.W.Tierney, I. Wender. Dept. of Chem & Petroleam Engineering,1994. [8] A.Buekens, H. Huang "Catalytic plastics Cracking for Recovery of Gasoling Range Hydrocarbons from Plastic Wastes", Resources, Conservation and Recycling 23(1998) [9] Zhang Zhibo, Suehiro Nishio et al., "Thermal and Chemical Recycle of Waste Polymers", Catalysis Today 29 (1996) [10] Garforth, A.Etal, "Production Hydrocarbons By Catalytic Degradetion of HDPE in a laboratory Fluidised. Bed Reactor", Applied Catalysis A:General 169(1988)
Simulation of Methanol Production Process and Determination of Optimum Conditions
Est. 1984 ORIENTAL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY An International Open Free Access, Peer Reviewed Research Journal www.orientjchem.org ISSN: 0970-020 X CODEN: OJCHEG 2012, Vol. 28, No. (1): Pg. 145-151 Simulation
More informationCFD Simulation of Catalytic Combustion of Benzene
Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 6, No. 4 (Autumn), 9, IAChE CFD Simulation of Catalytic Combustion of Benzene A. Niaei 1, D. Salari, S. A. Hosseini 3 1- Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering,
More informationLecture (9) Reactor Sizing. Figure (1). Information needed to predict what a reactor can do.
Lecture (9) Reactor Sizing 1.Introduction Chemical kinetics is the study of chemical reaction rates and reaction mechanisms. The study of chemical reaction engineering (CRE) combines the study of chemical
More informationStudies on the Kinetics of Heavy Oil Catalytic Pyrolysis
60 Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 00, 4, 60-609 Studies on the Kinetics of Heavy Oil Catalytic Pyrolysis Meng Xiang-hai,* Xu Chun-ming, Li Li, and Gao Jin-sen State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, University
More informationCFD Flow and Heat Transfer Simulation for Empty and Packed Fixed Bed Reactor in Catalytic Cracking of Naphtha
From the SelectedWorks of Seyed Reza nabavi 2008 CFD Flow and Heat Transfer Simulation for Empty and Packed Fixed Bed Reactor in Catalytic Cracking of Naphtha D Salari, University of Tabriz A Niaei, University
More informationThermal and Catalytic Degradation of Polystyrene with a Novel Catalyst
Thermal and Catalytic Degradation of Polystyrene with a Novel Catalyst D. Houshmand 1, B. Roozbehani* 1, A. Badakhshan 2 1 HSE Department of Abadan Faculty of Technology, Petroleum University of Technology
More informationThe School For Excellence 2018 Unit 3 & 4 Chemistry Topic Notes Page 1
The term fractional distillation refers to a physical method used to separate various components of crude oil. Fractional distillation uses the different boiling temperatures of each component, or fraction,
More informationDevelopment of process for the Catalytic Degradation of synthetic polymers.
Development of process for the Catalytic Degradation of synthetic polymers. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment for the Award of the Degree Of MASTER OF SCIENCE In CHEMISTRY By ASHISH SACHAN Under
More informationEffects of Different Processing Parameters on Divinylbenzene (DVB) Production Rate
1 Effects of Different Processing Parameters on Divinylbenzene (DVB) Production Rate ME Zeynali Petrochemical Synthesis Group, Petrochemical Faculty, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O.
More informationDynamic Simulation of Reactor to Produce 1- Butene by Dimerization of Ethylene
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 6, June-2012 1 Dynamic Simulation of Reactor to Produce 1- Butene by Dimerization of Ethylene Anurag Choudhary, Avinash Shetty,
More informationProcess Design Decisions and Project Economics Prof. Dr. V. S. Moholkar Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
Process Design Decisions and Project Economics Prof. Dr. V. S. Moholkar Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati Module - 2 Flowsheet Synthesis (Conceptual Design of
More informationBAE 820 Physical Principles of Environmental Systems
BAE 820 Physical Principles of Environmental Systems Catalysis of environmental reactions Dr. Zifei Liu Catalysis and catalysts Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation
More informationPOLYSTYRENE (General purpose)(gpps)
Eco-profiles of the European Plastics Industry POLYSTYRENE (General purpose)(gpps) A report by I Boustead for PlasticsEurope Data last calculated March 2005 gpps 1 IMPORTANT NOTE Before using the data
More informationSecond International Seminar on Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, April 26-27, 2005, Jogjakarta, Indonesia
Optimization of Catalytic degradation of Plastic to Aromatics Over HY Zeolite Didi Dwi Anggoro Chemical Engineering Department, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof Sudharto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50239, Indonesia
More informationCracking. 191 minutes. 186 marks. Page 1 of 27
3.1.6.2 Cracking 191 minutes 186 marks Page 1 of 27 Q1. (a) Gas oil (diesel), kerosine (paraffin), mineral oil (lubricating oil) and petrol (gasoline) are four of the five fractions obtained by the fractional
More informationModification of Alkanes by Cracking
Modification of Alkanes by Cracking Question Paper 3 Level A Level Subject Chemistry Exam Board AQA Module 3.3 Organic Chemistry Topic 3.3.2 Alkanes Sub-Topic 3.3.2.2 Modification of Alkanes by Cracking
More informationQUESTION 1 The boiling temperature of hydrocarbons making up crude oil depends on the strength of intermolecular forces known as:
QUESTION 1 The boiling temperature of hydrocarbons making up crude oil depends on the strength of intermolecular forces known as: B C D Hydrogen bonding. Dipole-dipole interactions. Dispersion forces.
More informationFundamentals of Combustion
Fundamentals of Combustion Lec 3: Chemical Thermodynamics Dr. Zayed Al-Hamamre Content Process Heat Transfer 1-3 Process Heat Transfer 1-4 Process Heat Transfer 1-5 Theoretical and Excess Air Combustion
More informationStrategic Estimation of Kinetic Parameters in VGO Cracking
Copyright 2009 Tech Science Press CMC, vol.9, no.1, pp.41-50, 2009 Strategic Estimation of Kinetic Parameters in VGO Cracking Praveen Ch. 1 and Shishir Sinha 1,2 Abstract: Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)
More informationSteady-State Molecular Diffusion
Steady-State Molecular Diffusion This part is an application to the general differential equation of mass transfer. The objective is to solve the differential equation of mass transfer under steady state
More informationTABLE OF CONTENT. Chapter 4 Multiple Reaction Systems 61 Parallel Reactions 61 Quantitative Treatment of Product Distribution 63 Series Reactions 65
TABLE OF CONTENT Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chemical Reaction 2 Classification of Chemical Reaction 2 Chemical Equation 4 Rate of Chemical Reaction 5 Kinetic Models For Non Elementary Reaction 6 Molecularity
More informationCFD study of gas mixing efficiency and comparisons with experimental data
17 th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering ESCAPE17 V. Plesu and P.S. Agachi (Editors) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1 CFD study of gas mixing efficiency and comparisons with
More informationH 0 r = -18,000 K cal/k mole Assume specific heats of all solutions are equal to that of water. [10]
Code No: RR320802 Set No. 1 III B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, November/December 2005 CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING-I (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE
More informationStructure of the chemical industry
CEE-Lectures on Industrial Chemistry Lecture 1. Crystallization as an example of an industrial process (ex. of Ind. Inorg. Chemistry) Fundamentals (solubility (thermodynamics), kinetics, principle) Process
More informationCrude Oil, Fractional Distillation and Hydrocarbons
Crude Oil, Fractional Distillation and ydrocarbons The formation of Crude Oil, how it is processed to produce a range of useful materials, including Plastics via Polymerisation. Crude Oil Crude oil is
More informationVapor-hydrate phases equilibrium of (CH 4 +C 2 H 6 ) and (CH 4 +C 2 H 4 ) systems
Pet.Sci.(2008)5:359-366 DOI 10.7/s12182-008-0042-0 359 Vapor-hydrate phases equilibrium of (CH 4 +C 2 H 6 ) and (CH 4 +C 2 H 4 ) systems Ma Qinglan, Chen Guangjin and Zhang Lingwei High Pressure Fluid
More informationINTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL PROCESS SIMULATORS
INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL PROCESS SIMULATORS DWSIM Chemical Process Simulator A. Carrero, N. Quirante, J. Javaloyes October 2016 Introduction to Chemical Process Simulators Contents Monday, October 3 rd
More informationSame theme covered in Combined but extra content Extra parts atomic symbols (first 20, Group 1 and Group 7)
Co-teaching document new ELC Science 5960 and Foundation Level GCSE Combined Science: Trilogy (8464) Chemistry: Component 3 Elements, mixtures and compounds ELC Outcomes Summary of content covered in ELC
More informationINTRODUCTION TO CATALYTIC COMBUSTION
INTRODUCTION TO CATALYTIC COMBUSTION R.E. Hayes Professor of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta, Canada and S.T. Kolaczkowski Professor of Chemical
More informationCatalytic Cracking of Polyolefins in the Molten Phase Basic Study for the Process Development of Waste Plastics Liquefaction
Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering B 6 (2017) 352-361 doi:10.17265/2162-5263/2017.07.002 D DAVID PUBLISHING Catalytic Cracking of Polyolefins in the Molten Phase Basic Study for the Process
More informationHydrogen addition to the Andrussow process for HCN synthesis
Applied Catalysis A: General 201 (2000) 13 22 Hydrogen addition to the Andrussow process for HCN synthesis A.S. Bodke, D.A. Olschki, L.D. Schmidt Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,
More informationDETAILED MODELLING OF SHORT-CONTACT-TIME REACTORS
DETAILED MODELLING OF SHORT-CONTACT-TIME REACTORS Olaf Deutschmann 1, Lanny D. Schmidt 2, Jürgen Warnatz 1 1 Interdiziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer
More informationModule 1: Mole Balances, Conversion & Reactor Sizing (Chapters 1 and 2, Fogler)
CHE 309: Chemical Reaction Engineering Lecture-2 Module 1: Mole Balances, Conversion & Reactor Sizing (Chapters 1 and 2, Fogler) Module 1: Mole Balances, Conversion & Reactor Sizing Topics to be covered
More informationIntegrated Knowledge Based System for Process Synthesis
17 th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering ESCAPE17 V. Plesu and P.S. Agachi (Editors) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1 Integrated Knowledge Based System for Process Synthesis
More informationAdsorption (Ch 12) - mass transfer to an interface
Adsorption (Ch 12) - mass transfer to an interface (Absorption - mass transfer to another phase) Gas or liquid adsorption (molecular) onto solid surface Porous solids provide high surface area per weight
More informationModeling and Simulation of Fluidized Bed Catalytic Reactor Regenerator
September 215 Modeling and Simulation of Fluidized Bed Catalytic Reactor Regenerator S. N. Saha, Professor, Chemical Engg.Dept., Guru GhasidasVishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur (C.G.), India. G. P. Dewangan*, Assistant
More informationChapter 9. Chemical Equilibrium
Chapter 9. Chemical Equilibrium 9.1 The Nature of Chemical Equilibrium -Approach to Equilibrium [Co(H 2 O) 6 ] 2+ + 4 Cl- [CoCl 4 ] 2- + 6 H 2 O Characteristics of the Equilibrium State example) H 2 O(l)
More informationwas heated strongly in the absence of air. + 2C + C
Q1. (a) The hydrocarbon C 16 34 was heated strongly in the absence of air. This is one of the reactions which took place: C 16 34 C 6 14 + C 6 12 + 2C 2 4 This type of reaction is carried out because there
More informationQ1. Which one of the following is least likely to occur in the reaction between methane and chlorine?
Q1. Which one of the following is least likely to occur in the reaction between methane and chlorine? A B C D C 4 + Cl C 3 + Cl C 3 + Cl C 3 Cl + C 3 + Cl 2 C 3 Cl + Cl C 3 Cl + Cl C 2 Cl + Cl (Total 1
More information3.2 Alkanes. Refining crude oil. N Goalby chemrevise.org 40 C 110 C 180 C. 250 C fuel oil 300 C 340 C. Fractional Distillation: Industrially
3.2 Alkanes Refining crude oil Fractional Distillation: Industrially Petroleum is a mixture consisting mainly of alkane hydrocarbons Petroleum fraction: mixture of hydrocarbons with a similar chain length
More informationTwo-dimensional mathematical modeling of oxidative coupling of methane in a membrane reactor
Conference topics: cr11 TIChE International Conference 11 Two-dimensional mathematical modeling of oxidative coupling of methane in a membrane reactor Salamah Manundawee 1, Suttichai Assabumrungrat 1,
More informationHydrogenation of CO Over a Cobalt/Cerium Oxide Catalyst for Production of Lower Olefins
Hydrogenation of CO Over a Cobalt/Cerium Oxide Catalyst for Production of Lower Olefins Proceedings of European Congress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE-6) Copenhagen, 16-2 September 27 Hydrogenation of
More informationIncreasing the selectivity of the hydrocarbon feedstock pyrolysis
Energy and Sustainability V 529 Increasing the selectivity of the hydrocarbon feedstock pyrolysis Е. Magaril 1 & R. Magaril 2 1 Ural Federal University, Russia 2 Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, Russia
More informationChemical Kinetics Ch t ap 1 er
Chemical Kinetics Chapter 13 1 Chemical Kinetics Thermodynamics does a reaction take place? Kinetics how fast does a reaction proceed? Reaction rate is the change in the concentration of a reactant or
More informationAdsorption Processes. Ali Ahmadpour Chemical Eng. Dept. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Adsorption Processes Ali Ahmadpour Chemical Eng. Dept. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Contents Introduction Principles of adsorption Types of adsorption Definitions Brief history Adsorption isotherms Mechanism
More informationLight olefins (such as propylene and ethylene) as petrochemical
Numerical Evaluation and Improvement Efficiency of Radial Flow Moving-Bed Reactors for Catalytic Pyrolysis of Light Hydrocarbons to Low Carbon Olefins Fang-Zhi Xiao, 1 Houyang Chen 2 and Zheng-Hong Luo
More informationChemical Reaction Engineering - Part 16 - more reactors Richard K. Herz,
Chemical Reaction Engineering - Part 16 - more reactors Richard K. Herz, rherz@ucsd.edu, www.reactorlab.net More reactors So far we have learned about the three basic types of reactors: Batch, PFR, CSTR.
More informationComputational Fluid Dynamic Study On The Decomposition Of Methane Gas Into Hydrogen And Solid Carbon In A Packed Bed Fluid Catalytic Cracking Reactor
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) e-issn: 2278-5736. Volume 4, Issue 2 (Mar. Apr. 2013), PP 32-41 Computational Fluid Dynamic Study On The Decomposition Of Methane Gas Into Hydrogen And Solid
More informationNomenclature. 133 minutes. 130 marks. Page 1 of 22
3.1.5.1 Nomenclature 133 minutes 130 marks Page 1 of 22 Q1. (a) Write an equation for the formation of epoxyethane from ethene, showing the structure of the product. Explain why the epoxyethane molecule
More informationEffect of Ni Loading and Reaction Conditions on Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas
Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 12(2003)205 209 Effect of Ni Loading and Reaction Conditions on Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas Haitao Wang, Zhenhua Li, Shuxun Tian School of Chemical Engineering
More informationA Novel Low-Thermal-Budget Approach for Co-Production of Ethylene and Hydrogen via Electrochemical Non-Oxidative Deprotonation of Ethane
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 A Novel Low-Thermal-Budget Approach for Co-Production of Ethylene and Hydrogen
More informationInteractions between oxygen permeation and homogeneous-phase fuel conversion on the sweep side of an ion transport membrane
Interactions between oxygen permeation and homogeneous-phase fuel conversion on the sweep side of an ion transport membrane The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this
More informationPROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM
Report No. 37 ACETIC ACID by SHIGEYOSHI TAKAOKA March 1968 A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION........................
More informationChemical Reaction Engineering - Part 12 - multiple reactions Richard K. Herz,
Chemical Reaction Engineering - Part 12 - multiple reactions Richard K. Herz, rherz@ucsd.edu, www.reactorlab.net Multiple reactions are usually present So far we have considered reactors in which only
More informationChemical Reaction Engineering. Multiple Reactions. Dr.-Eng. Zayed Al-Hamamre
Chemical Reaction Engineering Multiple Reactions Dr.-Eng. Zayed Al-Hamamre 1 Content Types of Reactions Selectivity Reaction Yield Parallel Reactions Series Reactions Net Rates of Reaction Complex Reactions
More informationChemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering Basic Principles: Energy and material balances Transport Processes Momentum Transfer: Fluid Flow Energy Transfer: Heat Mass Transfer: mixing and separation processes Physical and Chemical
More informationQ1. The figure below shows the displayed structures of five organic compounds, A, B, C, D and E. A B C
Q. The figure below shows the displayed structures of five organic compounds, A, B, C, D and E. A B C D E (a) Choose which organic compound, A, B, C, D or E, matches the descriptions. You may choose each
More informationCombustion. Indian Institute of Science Bangalore
Combustion Indian Institute of Science Bangalore Combustion Applies to a large variety of natural and artificial processes Source of energy for most of the applications today Involves exothermic chemical
More informationChemical Equilibrium
Chemical Equilibrium Chemical Equilibrium When compounds react, they eventually form a mixture of products and unreacted reactants, in a dynamic equilibrium. A dynamic equilibrium consists of a forward
More informationModeling of a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Riser Reactor
Modeling of a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Riser Reactor Dr. Riyad Ageli Mahfud Department of Chemical Engineering- Sabrattah Zawia University Abstract: Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is used in petroleum
More informationPolymer plants continue to seek ways to increase production and efficiency without compromising safety.
Polyethylene Polypropylene APPLICATION NOTE NOTE Polymer plants continue to seek ways to increase production and efficiency without compromising safety. Process gas analysis is integral to the control
More informationKinetic studies of the polystyrene pyrolysis reactional pathways
Kinetic studies of the polystyrene pyrolysis reactional pathways Paula Costa a, F. Pinto a, A. M. amos b, I. ulyurtlu a, I. Cabrita a, M. S. Bernardo b, a INETI-DEECA, 1649-38 isboa, Portugal, Estrada
More informationRiser Reactor Simulation in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit
Riser Reactor Simulation in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit Babatope Olufemi 1*, Kayode Latinwo 2, Ayokunle Olukayode 1 1. Chemical Engineering Department, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria 2. Chemical
More informationCombined Science: Trilogy
Co-teaching GCSE Chemistry and GCSE Combined Science: Trilogy This high level co-teaching guide will help you plan your route through the course. You ll be able to see what common themes and topics span
More informationVacuum Gas Carburizing with Acetylene - Gas Phase Modeling of a Bench Scale Reactor
25 Vacuum Gas Carburizing with Acetylene - Gas Phase Modeling of a Bench Scale Reactor R.U. Khan, M. Saleem and A. Shafeeq Abstrac Vacuum gas carburizing is an important industrial process used for hardening
More informationThermodynamic Modeling of the High Temperature Shift Converter Reactor Using Minimization of Gibbs Free Energy
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 4(10): 4772-4779, 2010 ISSN 1991-8178 Thermodynamic Modeling of the High Temperature Shift Converter Reactor Using Minimization of Gibbs Free Energy 1
More informationINTEGRATED PROCESS FOR γ-butyrolactone PRODUCTION
U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series B, Vol. 76, Iss. 3, 214 ISSN 1454 2331 INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR γ-butyrolactone PRODUCTION Ahtesham JAVAID 1, Costin Sorin BILDEA 2 An integrated process for the production of γ-butyrolactone
More informationPOLY-OLEFIN PROCESS GAS ANALYSIS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY
JPACSM 44 POLY-OLEFIN PROCESS GAS ANALYSIS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY Peter Traynor Thermo ONIX Angleton, TX Robert G. Wright Thermo ONIX Winsford, Cheshire, UK KEYWORDS: PROCESS MASS SPECTROMETRY, POLY-OLEFIN
More informationSensible Heat and Enthalpy Calculations
Sensible Heat and Enthalpy Calculations Sensible Heat - The amount of heat that must be added when a substance undergoes a change in temperature from 298 K to an elevated temperature without a change in
More information(a) Reaction rates (i) Following the course of a reaction Reactions can be followed by measuring changes in concentration, mass and volume of
(a) Reaction rates (i) Following the course of a reaction Reactions can be followed by measuring changes in concentration, mass and volume of reactants or products. g Measuring a change in mass Measuring
More informationAQA Chemistry (Combined Science) Specification Checklists. Name: Teacher:
AQA Chemistry (Combined Science) Specification Checklists Name: Teacher: Paper 1-4.1 Atomic structure and the periodic table 4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic
More informationUnit C1: Chemistry in our world Page 1 of 5
Unit C1: Chemistry in our world Page 1 of 5 Lesson Specification learning outcomes Edexcel 360 Science Specification match Edexcel 360 Science GCSE Science Students Book page reference Additional information
More information3.3. Petroleum Is the Source. Science Links
3.3 Petroleum Is the Source Figure A3.13: Each of these products has one thing in common petroleum. Scientists suspect that atoms in plastics were once part of microscopic plants and animals that lived
More informationAQA Chemistry Checklist
Topic 1. Atomic structure Video: Atoms, elements, compounds, mixtures Use the names and symbols of the first 20 elements in the periodic table, the elements in Groups 1 and 7, and other elements in this
More informationAppendix 1. Periodic Table and Atomic Structure. History of the idea of elements.
Appendix 1 Detailed list of additions and deletions This appendix provides a detailed list of additions and deletions compared with the former (1983) Leaving Certificate Chemistry syllabus. Completely
More informationInternational Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: Vol.8, No.6, pp , 2015
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: 0974-490 Vol.8, No.6, pp 750-758, 015 Simulation of Fcc Riser Reactor using Five Lump Model Debashri Paul 1, Raghavendra Singh Thakur,
More information1 H; Na; Be All three correct = (2) 2 correct = (1)
C A PRODUCTS FROM ROCKS Ca answers Page 26 Elements and the periodic tale H; Na; Be All three correct = (2) 2 correct = () Page 26 Atomic structure 2 C () 3 a i 6; 6; 6 All three correct = (2) 2 correct
More informationChapter 14 Chemical Kinetics
7/10/003 Chapter 14 Chemical Kinetics 14-1 Rates of Chemical Reactions 14- Reaction Rates and Concentrations 14-3 The Dependence of Concentrations on Time 14-4 Reaction Mechanisms 14-5 Reaction Mechanism
More informationGCSE CHEMISTRY REVISION LIST
GCSE CHEMISTRY REVISION LIST OCR Gateway Chemistry (J248) from 2016 Topic C1: Particles C1.1 Describe the main features of the particle model in terms of states of matter and change of state Explain, in
More informationInvestigation of CNT Growth Regimes in a Tubular CVD Reactor Considering Growth Temperature
ICHMT2014-XXXX Investigation of CNT Growth Regimes in a Tubular CVD Reactor Considering Growth Temperature B. Zahed 1, T. Fanaei Sheikholeslami 2,*, A. Behzadmehr 3, H. Atashi 4 1 PhD Student, Mechanical
More informationEffects of Ethane Partial Pressure on the Apparent Rate Expressions of Oxidative Couplin... Page 1 of 16
Effects of Ethane Partial Pressure on the Apparent Rate Expressions of Oxidative Couplin... Page 1 of 16 Effects of Ethane Partial Pressure on the Apparent Rate Expressions of Oxidative Coupling of Methane
More informationEffect of metal oxide additives on the properties of
Effect of metal oxide additives on the properties of European Congress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE-6) Copenhagen, 16-20 September 2007 Effect of metal oxide additives on the properties of Cu/ZnO/Al 2
More informationChemical Reaction Engineering
Chemical Reaction Engineering Dr. Yahia Alhamed Chemical and Materials Engineering Department College of Engineering King Abdulaziz University General Mole Balance Batch Reactor Mole Balance Constantly
More informationEdexcel Chemistry Checklist
Topic 1. Key concepts in chemistry Video: Developing the atomic model Describe how and why the atomic model has changed over time. Describe the difference between the plum-pudding model of the atom and
More informationLe Lycee Mauricien. Proposed Syllabus Chemistry (5070) - Form 5
Le Lycee Mauricien Proposed Syllabus 2017 Chemistry (5070) - Form 5 First Term 1. Metals Properties of metals - Physical properties of metals - Structure of alloys and uses Reactivity Series - Place metals
More informationHANDBOOK SECOND EDITION. Edited by
HANDBOOK SECOND EDITION Edited by Martyn V. Twigg BSc, PhD, CChem., FRSC Catalytic Systems Division Johnson Matthey Plc. Formerly at the Catalysis Centre ICI Chemicals & Polymers Ltd MANSON PUBLISHING
More information5-7 Organic Chemistry Trilogy
5-7 Organic Chemistry Trilogy.0 A student investigated the viscosity of liquid hydrocarbons. The student used this method:. Measure 40 cm 3 of the liquid hydrocarbon. 2. Pour the liquid hydrocarbon into
More informationPage 2. Q1.Which of these substances does not contribute to the greenhouse effect? Unburned hydrocarbons. Carbon dioxide. Water vapour. Nitrogen.
Q1.Which of these substances does not contribute to the greenhouse effect? A B C D Unburned hydrocarbons. Carbon dioxide. Water vapour. Nitrogen. (Total 1 mark) Q2.(a) The hydrocarbon but-1-ene (C 4H 8)
More informationPrediction of Minimum Fluidisation Velocity Using a CFD-PBM Coupled Model in an Industrial Gas Phase Polymerisation Reactor
Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 10, 95 105, 2014 Prediction of Minimum Fluidisation Velocity Using a CFD-PBM Coupled Model in an Industrial Gas Phase Polymerisation Reactor Vahid Akbari and Mohd.
More informationPersonalised Learning Checklists AQA Chemistry Paper 2
AQA Chemistry (8462) from 2016 Topics C4.6 The rate and extent of chemical change Calculate the rate of a chemical reaction over time, using either the quantity of reactant used or the quantity of product
More informationMethane contains atoms of two elements, combined chemically. Methane is a mixture of two different elements.
Q1.Methane (CH 4) is used as a fuel. (a) The displayed structure of methane is: Draw a ring around a part of the displayed structure that represents a covalent bond. (b) Why is methane a compound? Tick
More informationSINOPEC MTP and MTX technologies
COPYRIGHT@SUNJUNNAN COPYRIGHT@SUNJUNNAN 18-19 th, July, 2016, Parsian Azadi Hotel, Tehran, Iran Methanol+Toluene to Xylenes SINOPEC MTP and MTX technologies July 18 th, 2016 CONTENT MTP Introduction S-MTP
More informationChemical Reaction Engineering Prof. Jayant Modak Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
Chemical Reaction Engineering Prof. Jayant Modak Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Lecture No. #40 Problem solving: Reactor Design Friends, this is our last session
More informationChemicals and petroleum industries account for 50% of industrial energy usage.
Chemicals and petroleum industries account for 50% of industrial energy usage. ~1/4 of the energy used is consumed in distillation and drying processes. 15 Biomaterials [Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids]
More informationCHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM. Chapter 15
Chapter 15 P a g e 1 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM Examples of Dynamic Equilibrium Vapor above a liquid is in equilibrium with the liquid phase. rate of evaporation = rate of condensation Saturated solutions rate
More informationPaper Atomic structure and the periodic table
Paper 1 4.1 Atomic structure and the periodic table 4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes Use the names and symbols of the first 20 elements in
More informationCHE 611 Advanced Chemical Reaction Engineering
CHE 611 Advanced Chemical Reaction Engineering Dr. Muhammad Rashid Usman Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590 mrusman.icet@pu.edu.pk 1 Course contents
More informationPage 2. (polyethene) any four from:
M.(a) (ethene) (polyethene) (b) any four from: poly(ethene) produced by addition polymerisation whereas polyester by condensation polymerisation poly(ethene) produced from one monomer wheareas polyester
More informationCHLORINE RECOVERY FROM HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
CHLORINE RECOVERY FROM HYDROGEN CHLORIDE The Project A plant is to be designed for the production of 10,000 metric tons per year of chlorine by the catalytic oxidation of HCl gas. Materials Available 1.
More informationChapter 14 Chemical Kinetics
4//004 Chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics 4- Rates of Chemical Reactions 4- Reaction Rates and Concentrations 4-3 The Dependence of Concentrations on Time 4-4 Reaction Mechanisms 4-5 Reaction Mechanism and Rate
More information