*We studied the following types of En.: Potential and kinetic EX of potential is Chemical EX of kinetic is Temperature Another Ex of kinetic En is:

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1 *We studied the following types of En.: Potential and kinetic EX of potential is Chemical EX of kinetic is Temperature Another Ex of kinetic En is: *Electrical Energy also called Electricity - ( the result of the flow or movement of charges, generating Energy)

2 STUDENT TELL and DRAW DEFINITION - *Atoms: -small particles that makes up matter -building blocks of matter Nucleus with protons (+ charge) and neutrons Have Electrons ( charge) Around the nucleus Protons and Electrons have electric charge

3 Neutral and Charged Objects Atoms can be electrically neutral or electrically charged An object with equal amounts of positive and negative charges is electrically neutral. What is the meaning of electrically charged?

4 Neutral and Charged Objects An object is electrically charged if the amounts of positive and negative charge it contains are not equal. If an atom gains or loses electrons, it is electrically charged. ATOMS WILL NEVER LOOSE OR GAIN PROTONS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

5 PARTICLES CAN BE: + charged or charged LIKE CHARGES WILL REPEL OPPOSITE CHARGES WILL ATTRACK The FORCES between charged OBJECTS or PARTICLES are :

6 The forces between charged objects are: Repulsion or attraction: Depends on : amount of charge and distance between the objects - amount of charge in objects stronger charge, stronger force

7 The forces between charged objects are: Repulsion or Attraction It depends on the distance in between the objects More distance less attraction

8 It is an area that surrounds the objects and exerts a force on the other particles around it. The force can be attraction or repulsion. Electric Field

9 Making Objects Electrically Charged How do you make objects electrically charged? By transferring negatively charged electrons from one object to the other

10 Making Objects Electrically Charged Two ways : Charging by contact Charging by induction

11 Charging by contact is the transfer movement of electrons between objects in contact. EX. When you rub a balloon on someone's hair the balloon picks up electrons, leaving it negatively charged and the hair positively charged. Electrons go from hair to balloon

12 ***The hair lost (-) charges and now is more positive, so the different strands of hair will repel each other because they have the same charge.

13 Charging by Induction Is the rearrangement of electric charges One part of the object becomes positively charged and another part becomes negatively charged.

14 Charging by Induction BOOK page 197 fig. 6 If you get a balloon that is (-) charged and put it close to a wall. the (-) balloon will push electrons away from the wall s surface. The surface of the wall becomes positively charged and attracts the negatively charged balloon.

15 1) the (-) charged balloon will push electrons away from the wall s surface. (repels like particles) 2) The surface of the wall becomes positively charged 3)surface of the wall attracts the negatively charged balloon.

16 The balloon is already charged (-) The charges in the wall will rearrange according to the (-) charges of the balloon touching it (-) attract (+) Wall will rearrange its (+) charges closer to the (-) charges from the balloon

17 Electricity or electric current is the term used to describe the flow or movement of electrons from one point to another. Insulators materials in which electrons or (-) charges will NOT move easily Conductors - materials in which electrons or (-) charges will move easily

18 static charge - is the result of charges accumulated on the surfaces of objects. An object has static charge when the amount of + and charges accumulated in the surface of this object is uneven. The object can have a + or a - charge

19 Electric Discharge It happens when an object has static charge. Is the movement of charges from one place to another to restore the balance of positive and negative charges.

20 In summary *Electric Discharge is caused by static charge in an object 1)object or person with static charge 2) touches the ground or material that is a conductor 3) the charges will move from one to another you feel that shock 4) After the discharge the (+) charges and (-) charges balance is restored.

21 Lightning Is an example of an electric discharge DUE TO 2)Movement of (-) charges from one cloud to another or 3) From the cloud to the ground

22 Grounding lightning rods Protects buildings from the damaging effects of lightning, by allowing extra electric charges to flow to the ground, where it will be absorbed. -Benjamin Franklin invented lighting rods

23 Grounding lightning rods lightning rod is a metal rod, attracts the electrical charges from the lightning, is connected to the ground, it conducts the extra charges to the ground and away from the building, protecting the building