Foundation Year Programme

Transcription

1 Foundation Year Programme Entrance Tests IOLOGY and HEMISTRY SPEIMEN PPER

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3 iology and hemistry utumn minutes Instructions to andidates Please read this page carefully, but do not open the question paper until you are told that you may do so. separate answer sheet is provided for this section. Please check you have one. You also require a soft pencil and an eraser. Please complete the answer sheet with your personal details. Speed as well as accuracy is important in this section. Work quickly, or you might not finish the paper. There are no penalties for incorrect responses, only points for correct answers, so you should attempt all 30 questions. ll questions are worth one mark. nswer on the sheet provided. There are 30 questions in this paper. For each question, choose the one answer you consider correct and record your choice on the separate answer sheet. If you make a mistake, erase thoroughly and try again. ny rough work should be done on this question paper. alculators are NOT permitted. Please wait to be told you may begin before turning this page. ULES 2015

4 3 1 The table below shows information relating to gas exchange in an active muscle when blood first enters that muscle. Which row of the table is correct? oxygen concentration in red blood cells process of gas exchange oxygen concentration in muscle cells concentration of carbon dioxide in muscle cells low diffusion high low low osmosis high low low osmosis low high high diffusion high low E high diffusion low high F high osmosis low high 2 Which one of the following involves active transport? E F movement of carbon dioxide into alveoli in the lungs uptake of alcohol (ethanol) through the lining of the stomach secretion of sweat onto the skin's surface re-absorption of glucose in the kidney tubules loss of urine from the urethra transfer of oxygen into the blood from the alveoli ULES 2015

5 4 3 onsumption of alcohol leads to an increase in dilute urine production by reducing the level of the hormone H. In this situation, which of the following statements are correct? 1 H travels in the bloodstream. 2 There is a positive correlation between the level of H and the production of dilute urine. 3 Increased H leads to increased formation of dilute urine. 4 reduced level of H could lead to dehydration. E F 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 1 and 4 only 2 and 3 only 2 and 4 only 3 and 4 only 4 The following statements are about cell division by meiosis and mitosis. 1 In mammals meiosis only occurs in the reproductive organs. 2 Mitosis can result in the formation of clones. 3 Meiosis results in two nuclei. 4 Mitosis results in four nuclei. 5 Only mitosis occurs during asexual reproduction. Which of these statements are true? 1, 2 and 3 1, 2 and 5 1, 3 and 4 2, 4 and 5 E 3, 4 and 5 ULES 2015

6 5 5 The table below shows the proportions of undigested and digested carbohydrates, fats and proteins in three regions of the digestive system. Which row of the table below correctly identifies the types of nutrient 1, 2 and 3? protein fat carbohydrate carbohydrate protein fat protein carbohydrate fat fat protein carbohydrate E carbohydrate fat protein F fat carbohydrate protein ULES 2015

7 6 6 Which of the four statements below about natural selection are correct? 1 ompetition occurs between individuals of the same species. 2 ompetition occurs between individuals of different species. 3 Selection can lead to evolution. 4 Selection can lead to extinction. E 1 and 3 only 2 and 4 only 1, 2 and 4 only 1, 3 and 4 only 2, 3 and 4 only F 1, 2, 3 and 4 7 The three statements below are about breathing out. 1 The ribs swing down and inwards during breathing out. 2 The diaphragm muscles contract during breathing out. 3 The pressure in the lungs increases during breathing out. Which statements are correct? E F 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only ULES 2015

8 7 8 The diagram shows a view from the front of a section through the heart and associated blood vessels. Which sequence of numbers shows the course of blood flow from the point of entry to the heart from the lungs, to its eventual exit from the heart to supply the lungs? E F ULES 2015

9 8 9 In the experimental cloning of mammals, the genetic material from a body cell is inserted into an egg cell that has had its own nucleus removed. This then grows into an embryo. The success rate ranges from 0.1% to 3%, which is why so few cloned animals have been produced. Which of the following are possible correct reasons why cloning may fail? 1. n egg with a newly transferred nucleus may not begin to divide or develop normally. 2. The sperm cell may not fertilise the egg. 3. Implantation of the embryo into the surrogate mother might fail. 4. Implanted stem cells may not differentiate properly. 5. The egg cell with no nucleus and the transferred nucleus may not be well matched. E F 1, 3 and 4 only 1, 3 and 5 only 1, 4 and 5 only 2, 3 and 4 only 2, 4 and 5 only 3, 4 and 5 only 10 In a reflex action in which a person touches a hot plate and pulls their arm away, neurons of different lengths are involved. Which answer identifies the relative lengths of the neurons? length of neuron longest medium shortest sensory relay relay motor sensory sensory relay motor motor motor relay sensory E relay sensory motor F sensory motor relay ULES 2015

10 9 11 person is suffering from a condition/disease in which they have fewer blood platelets than a healthy person. They also have a lot of abnormal white blood cells when compared to a healthy person; however they have a normal number of red blood cells. Which row of the table shows this patient s symptoms? disease resistance blood clotting oxygen transport low low low high low high low normal low high normal normal E low low normal F high normal high ULES 2015

11 10 12 The graph below shows how one factor in the internal environment in a person changes, and is returned to a normal level. If someone has a condition which makes their homeostatic system less able to respond to this factor, how would the shape of the graph be altered? E F 1 would be earlier 1 would be less steep 2 would be earlier 2 would be higher 3 would be steeper 3 would be earlier ULES 2015

12 11 13 In a monohybrid genetic cross a ratio of phenotypes of 3:0 rather than the usual 3:1 ratio was seen. This could be due to: 1 offspring with both dominant alleles not surviving. 2 only a small number of offspring being produced. 3 chance. 1 only 2 only 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only E 1, 2 and 3 ULES 2015

13 12 14 What is the minimum number of people shown in the family pedigree who must be heterozygous for the two situations described in the table in the absence of any new mutations? Key Female Male only U shows a recessive condition only R and U show a recessive condition E 3 4 F 3 5 G 4 5 ULES 2015

14 13 15 Which of the following could be found in a healthy adult liver cell? 1. gene for amylase 2. at least one X chromosome 3. starch E F G None of them 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only H 1, 2 and 3 16 Which of the following ionic equations are correct? 1 X + + e X 2 X e X 3 O 2 + 2e O 4 O 2 e O 2 5 2I 2e I 6 a e a E F 1, 2 and 6 only 1, 3 and 5 only 1, 4 and 5 only 2, 3 and 6 only 2, 4 and 5 only 3, 4 and 6 only ULES 2015

15 14 17 In the manufacture of hydrogen from methane and steam, carbon monoxide is produced as an unwanted side product. The amount of carbon monoxide is reduced by mixing the gases with steam when the following reversible reaction takes place. O (g) + H 2 O (g) O 2 (g) + H 2 (g) H negative (exothermic) When this reaction reaches equilibrium, which one of the following changes would result in more carbon monoxide being removed? dding a catalyst Increasing pressure ecreasing pressure ecreasing temperature 18 When concentrated aqueous sodium chloride solution is electrolysed using inert electrodes a reaction occurs at each electrode. Which is the correct combination of elements actually produced at the electrodes in this electrolysis? E node = oxygen; athode = hydrogen node = chlorine; athode = sodium node = oxygen; athode = sodium node = chlorine; athode = hydrogen node = sodium; athode = chlorine ULES 2015

16 15 19 yclohexene, 6 H 10, can be drawn as: What is the total number of carbon atoms in the steroid molecule below? E 26 F 27 ULES 2015

17 16 20 sample of an acid, H 2 X, weighing 4.5 g was dissolved in water. This solution was neutralised by 50.0 cm 3 of aqueous sodium hydroxide of concentration 2 mol/dm 3. H 2 X(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na 2 X (aq) + 2H 2 O (l) What is the relative molecular mass, M r, of the acid? E 205 ULES 2015

18 17 21 The energy profile for a reaction is shown below. X energy y g er n e W V Y products reactants progress of reaction Which one of the following is a fully correct statement about this energy level profile? The reaction is endothermic; V is the heat energy change of reaction (positive sign) and X is the activation energy. Products have more energy than the reactants; X shows the route taken when a catalyst is present and W is the activation energy. Y is the route taken when a catalyst is present; V is the heat energy change of reaction and the reaction is exothermic overall. X shows the route taken without a catalyst; V + W is the activation energy and V (the heat energy change of reaction) has a positive sign. ULES 2015

19 18 22 Naturally occurring chlorine is a mixture of two isotopes with mass number 35 and 37. The isotope with mass number 35 is three times as common as the isotope with mass number 37. Naturally occurring bromine is a mixture of two isotopes with mass numbers 79 and 81. They are present in equal amounts. What fraction of the naturally occurring compound H 2 rl has a relative molecular mass of 128? [ r : H = 1; = 12] E Element x is in the second period of the Periodic Table. n atom of element y has six more protons than an atom of element x. Which statement must be correct? Elements x and y are in the same period of the table. Elements x and y have the same number of electrons in the first shell. Element y has six more electrons in its outer shell than does element x. The mass number of element y is twelve more than that of element x. ULES 2015

20 g of sodium completely reacts with water at standard temperature and pressure (STP). What volume of hydrogen at STP is produced by this reaction? [ssume in this question that 1 mole of any gas at STP has a volume of 22.4 dm 3 (litres).] [ r values: H = 1, O = 16, Na = 23] 280 cm cm cm cm 3 E 1200 cm 3 25 y using standard techniques to balance chemical equations and ensuring that the net charge is equal on both sides, find the correct value for e in the balanced equation below: a 2 H 4 O(aq) + r 2 O 7 2 (aq) + b H + (aq) c 2 H 4 O 2 (aq) + d r 3 + (aq) + e H 2 O(l) E 8 ULES 2015

21 20 26 arbon, in the form of coke, is used to reduce iron oxide in a blast furnace. The three stages are shown below: 1 + O 2 O 2 2 O 2 + 2O 3 3O + Fe 2 O 3 2Fe + 3O 2 If 12 g of carbon is used in stage 2 and all the carbon monoxide produced is used in stage 3, what mass of carbon dioxide is produced in stage 3? ( r : = 12; O = 16) E 17.8 g 35.6 g 44 g 88 g 132 g 27 zurite is a mineral made up of a mixture of uo 3 and u(oh) 2 in a simple whole number molar ratio. Which one of the following is a possible formula of azurite? u 3 H 4 O 4 u 3 H 4 O 5 u 3 H 4 O 6 u 3 2 H 2 O 6 E u 3 2 H 2 O 7 F u 3 2 H 2 O 8 ULES 2015

22 21 28 n impure sample of sodium hydroxide has a mass of 1.20 g. ll the sodium hydroxide completely reacts with a minimum of 50.0 cm 3 of 0.50 mol dm -3 hydrochloric acid. What is the percentage purity of the sodium hydroxide sample? [ r values: H = 1; O = 16; Na = 23; l = 35.5] 37.5% 41.6% 72.7% 75.0% E 83.3% F 90.4% 29 mmonia is manufactured from the reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen. In practice the manufacturing process can be represented as a reaction going to completion. This reaction is given below. N 2 + 3H 2 2NH 3 What is the maximum mass of ammonia that can be manufactured from a mixture of 56 g of nitrogen with 9 g of hydrogen? ( r : H = 1; N = 14.) 34 g 51 g 65 g 68 g ULES 2015

23 22 30 The following chemicals are mixed together. In which of the mixtures will a displacement reaction occur? 1. Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + l(s) 2. 2Kl(aq) + 2KF(aq) 3. l 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (aq) + 3Fe(s) 4. uso 4 (aq) + Zn(s) E F 1 only 2 and 3 only 3 and 4 only 1 and 4 only 1, 2 and 4 only 2, 3 and 4 only EN OF TEST ULES 2015

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