Photon and Electron Collisions with Atoms and Molecules

Transcription

1 Photon and Electron Collisions with Atoms and Molecules

2 PHYSICS OF ATOMS AND MOLECULES Series Editors P. G. Burke, The Queen s University of Belfast. Northern Ireland H. Kleinpoppen, Atomic Physics Laboratory. University of Stirling. Scotland Editorial Advisory Board R. B. Bernstein (New York. US.A.) J. C. Cohen-Tannoudji (Paris. France) R. W. Crompton (Canberra. Australia) Y. N. Demkov (St. Petersburg. Russia) C. J. Joachain (Brussels. Belgium) W. E. Lamb, Jr. (Tucson. US.A.) P. -0. Liiwdin (Gainesville. US.A.) H. O. Lutz (Bielefeld. Germany) M. C. Stand age (Brisbane. Australia) K. Takayanagi (Tokyo. Japan) Recent volumes in this series: ATOMS AND LIGHT: INTERACTIONS John N. Dodd COINCIDENCE STUDIES OF ELECTRON AND PHOTON IMPACT IONIZATION Edited by Colm T. Whelan and H. R. J. Walters DENSITY MATRIX THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, Second Edition Karl Blum ELECTRON COLLISIONS WITH MOLECULES, CLUSTERS, AND SURFACES Edited by H. Ehrhardt and L. A. Morgan INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF LASER-ATOM INTERACTIONS, Second Edition Marvin H. Mittleman INTRODUCTION TO THE THEORY OF X-RAY AND ELECTRONIC SPECTRA OF FREE ATOMS Romas Karazija PHOTON AND ELECTRON COLLISIONS WITH ATOMS AND MOLECULES Edited by Philip G. Burke and Charles J. Joachain POLARIZATION BREMSSTRAHLUNG Edited by V. N. Tsytovich and 1. M. Ojringel POLARIZED ELECTRON/POLARIZED PHOTON PHYSICS Edited by H. Kleinpoppen and W. R. Newell SELECTED TOPICS ON ELECTRON PHYSICS Edited by D. Murray Campbell and Hans Kleinpoppen THEORY OF ELECTRON-ATOM COLLISIONS, Part 1: Potential Scattering Philip G. Burke and Charles J. Joachain VUV AND SOFT X-RAY PHOTOIONIZATION Edited by Uwe Becker and David A. Shirley A Chronological Listing of Volumes in this series appears at the back of this volume. A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher.

3 Photon and Electron Collisions with Atoms and ~v1olecules Edited by Philip G. Burke The Queen's University of Belfast Belfast, Northern lreland and Charles 1. loachain Free University of Brussels Brussels, Belgium Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

4 Llbrary of Congress Catalog1ng-ln-Publ1catlon Data Photon and electron collisions with atoms and molecules I edited by Phllip G. Burke and Charles J. Joachain. p. cm. -- (Physics of atoms and molecules) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Electron-molecular collisions--congresses. 2. Electron-atom col 1 isions--congresses. 3. Photoionization--Congresses. 4. Multiphoton processes--congresses. 1. Burke. P. G. II. Joachain. C. J. (Charles Jean) III. Series. OC793.5.E628P '57--dc CIP Proceedings of the Second European Study Conference on Photon and Electron Collisions with Atoms and Molecules, held July 23-26, 1996, in Belfast, Northem Ireland 1997 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1997 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 1997 AII rights reserved No part ofthis book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher

5 PREFACE Research on photon and electron collisions with atomic and molecular targets and their ions has seen a rapid increase in interest, both experimentally and theoretically, in recent years. This is partly because these processes provide an ideal means of investigating the dynamics of many particle systems at a fundamental level and partly because their detailed understanding is required in many other fields, particularly astrophysics, plasma physics and controlled thermonuclear fusion, laser physics, atmospheric processes, isotope separation, radiation physics and chemistry and surface science. In recent years a number of important advances have been made, both on the experimental side and on the theoretical side. On the experimental side these include absolute measurements of cross sections, experiments using coincidence techniques, the use of polarised beams and targets, the development of very high energy resolution electron beams, the use of synchrotron radiation sources and ion storage rings, the study of laser assisted atomic collisions, the interaction of super-intense lasers with atoms and molecules and the increasing number of studies using positron beams. On the theoretical side these advances include the development of methods which allow accurate excitation and ionisation cross sections to be calculated at intermediate energies, the increasing ability to determine low energy collision cross sections for complex atomic and molecular targets, the development of non-perturbative approaches for studying multiphoton processes and ultrafast femtosecond phenomena for many electron targets, the ability to accurately treat photon and electron collisions with molecules adsorbed on surfaces and the development of a fundamental understanding of chaotic phenomena and of collisions involving oriented and chiral molecules. Many of these theoretical advances have been made possible by the development and increasing applicability of high performance computers. v

6 These important advances are discussed in detail in the present volume, which brings together 23 invited talks given by distinguished scientists at the PECAM II Conference on Photon and Electron Collisions with Atoms and Molecules held at the Queen's University of Belfast from July This Conference followed the very successful PECAM I Conference held in Rome in July It also marked the end of a fruitful European Community Network in this area which brought together scientists from nine EC Laboratories and three Central and Eastern European Laboratories to carry out collaborative research in this field. Finally, we are very grateful to the authors of the invited talks for their stimulating presentations at the Conference and for their efforts in preparing camera-ready manuscripts of their talks which are published in this volume. Through their efforts we believe that this volume provides a comprehensive overview of the most important recent advances in the field of electron and photon collisions with atoms and molecules together with their main applications. P G Burke C J Joachain vi

7 CONTENTS 1. Excitation of Atoms by Electron Impact: Current Status and Future Prospects K. Bartschat 2. Electron-Helium Correlation Studies A. Crowe 3. Ionization of Atoms and Ions by Electron Impact R. H. G. Reid 4. R-Matrix Theory of Electron-Molecule Collisions L. A. Morgan 5. Electron Collisions with Molecules on Metal Surfaces J. p. Gauyacq, B. Bahrim, A. Djabri, V. Djamo, and D. Teillet-Billy 6. Recent Measurements of Differential Cross Sections for Electron-Molecule Collisions at Low Energies M.Allan 7. Dissociative Recombination: New Developments Stimulated by Ion Storage Ring Experiments A. Suzor-Weiner, I. F. Schneider, and L. Carata 8. One- and Two-Electron Resonances in Molecular Photoionization R. W. Zurales, E. Stratmann, S. Botting, and R. R. Lucchese 9. Double Photoionization of Helium M. Pont and R. Shakeshaft 10. Multicolor Photoionization of Atoms with an IR Laser and Its Higher UV Harmonics V. Veniard, R. Taleb and A. Maquet 11. Stabilization of Atoms in Ultra-strong Laser Field M. Gavr.ila 12. Laser Assisted and Laser Produced Scattering J. H. Sanderson and W. R. Newell vii

8 13. R-Matrix-Floquet Theory of Multiphoton Processes M.Dorr 14. Resonance Effects in Multiphoton Ionization N. J. Kylstra 15. Multiphoton Processes in a Two-Electron Atom Using a Cray T3D K. T. Taylor, J. S. Parker, D. Dundas, E. Smyth, and S. Vivirito 16. Application of Parallel Computers to Electron Molecule Scattering Calculations N. Sanna and F. A. Gianturco 17. Chaos in Atoms in Strong Fields: Periodic Orbits and Diffraction P. A. Dando and T. S. Monteiro 18. Atomic Data and Its Utilization at the Jet Experiment H. P. Summers, N. R. Badnell, U. Gerstel, A. Gondhalekar, M. von Hellermann, L. D. Horton, and C. Maggi 19. Laser-Plasma Interactions in the Femtosecond Time Regime D. von der Linde 20. The Opacity and Iron Projects-An Overview K. A. Berrington 21. Positron Collisions with Atoms H. R. J. Walters, A. A. Kernoghan, M. T. McAlinden, and C. P. Campbell 22. Scattering of Polarized Electrons from Atoms and Molecules G. F. Hanne 23. Chiral Effects in Electron Scattering by Molecules D. G. Thompson and K. Blum Index viii