Breeding dwarf plants of I ris germ anica L. through hybridization

Transcription

1 200, 26 (4) : Journal of N anjing A gricultural U niversity ( I ris germ anica L1) 1,2, 2, 1, (11, ; 21, ; 1, ) : 2 5 ( Iris germ anica L1), 5,, 8 :, ;, ;, : ; ; : S : A : (200) Breeding dwarf plants of I ris germ anica L. through hybridization HUAN G Su2zhen 1,2, HAN Yu2lin 2, ZHAN G Yao2gang, GUO Wei2ming 1 (11College of Horticult ure, Nanjing Agric U niv, Nanjing , China ; 21Instit ute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing , China ; 1 The Agricult ural and Forest Bureau of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing , China) Abstract : Eight dwarf plants of Iris germ anica L. five common cultivars. were obtained from five cross combination between two dwarf cultivars and The characters such as plant height and flower color in the first filial generation were different from their parents, indicating the nature of heterozygosity of the parental plants. yellow, pink, white, and red. The heredity of the color of purple was higher than that of In the heredity of plant height, the number of plants with different height from the parents re2 duced from grade to grade and grade and grade. The results indicated that the dwarf plants of Iris germ anica could be obtained through repeated backcrossing to the dwarf parent. Key words : Iris germ anica L1 ; dwarf ; hybridization [ 1 ( Iris L1), ] ( I. germ anica L. ),, [4 ], [5 ] [6 ],,,, : : ( ) ; (BE20015) : (1959 ),, E2mail :

2 22 26 / cm Cultivars Stem height 9 E ( I1 germanica DPP) 94 E ( I1 germ anica PP) Crystal Ball Colourful Ribbon Red Wave Golden Dancing Girl Purple Plate 1 Table 1 Parents and their ornamental traits / cm Leaf length / cm Flowers Diameter of per stem flower Fall Purple Purple red Light purple Perianth Flower color Standard Purple Light pink, Light purple red, Light yellow margin light pink Dark purple red Purple red Purle Light yellow Purple red Purple Beard, Light purple, top yellow, Red, base white, White, top yellow,, base white : (1) 9 E E ; 1997 [7 ] 9E and 94E were introduced from USA in 199 and 1994, respectively ; the others were bred by Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences. (2) 4 5 Flowering season of parents : from April to May : 1. 9E ; 2. 9E ;. 9E ; 4. 9E ; 5. 94E , [ 7, 8 ] (1998),, 1999 ( 2) ,, : 6,, : 0 cm, 50 cm ; 1 40 cm, cm ; cm, cm ; 51 cm, 71 cm ; ; 11212, , ( ), 5 : , % 9111 %, 8517 % 8817 %, F 1 (57114 %) [7 ],, 1 4, 9E ,,, [7 ]

3 4 : ( Iris germ anica L1) 2 2 Table 2 The results of hybridization and hybrid generation of I. / % Cross combination Flowers pollinated Fruit set Seed setting Number of seeds germ anica cultivars / % Seeds Seedlings Rate of per fruit emergence / % Seedlings Survival survived rate I1 germanica DPP (Crystal Ball) ; 21 I1 germanica DPP ( Colorful Ribbon) ; 1 ( Red Wave) I1 germanica DPP ; 41 ( Golden Dancing Girl) I1 germanica DPP ; 51 ( Purple Plate) I1 germarica PP. The same as follows. 212, Table The grade and separation of the plant height in the hybrid generation,, combination generation ( ) 21 Cross Hybrid 1st class 4,, 2nd class rd class 4th class ,, 1, 2, 4 5,,,,, ( 4) Cross combination Flowering plants Maternal 4 Table 4 The separation of the flower color in the hybrid generation Matroclinal Paternal Patroclinal Intermediate 214, 8 [9, ] ( 1) (1) Iris germ anica Golden Sunlight cv1nov ( ) ( 9E ),, cm, 212 cm 2819, 4816 cm, ;,, cm 6 8, 4 d, 4 5 ( 1 1) (2) I1 germ anica Honoured Madam cv1nov ( 9E ) ( ), 4178 cm, 212 cm, 2219 cm, 510 cm, ;,,,,

4 cm 5, 4 d, 4 5 ( 1 2) () I1 germ anica Purple Flame cv1nov ( 9E ) ( ), 718 cm, 215 cm, 2190 cm, 4810 cm, ;,,,, cm 8 10, 4 d, 4 5 ( 1 ) (4) I1 germ anica Flying Purple Swallow cv1nov ( ) ( 9E ), 7157 cm, 217 cm, 2716 cm, 412 cm, ;,,, 9 10 cm 6 8, 4 d, 4 5 ( 1 4) (5) I1 germ anica Gold Hibiscus on Purple cv1nov ( 9E ) ( ), 1126 cm, 216 cm, 2516 cm, 4015 cm, ;,,,,, cm 8 10, 4 d, 4 5 ( 1 5) (6) I1 germ anica Purple Stars cv1nov ( 9E ) ( ), 618 cm, 215 cm, cm, 4510 cm, ;,,,, cm 8 10, 4 d, 4 5 ( ) (7) I1 germ anica Charming Face cv1nov ( ) ( ) ( 94E ), 01 cm, 218 cm, 218 cm, 416 cm, ;,,, cm 8 10, 4 d, 4 5 ( 1 7) (8) I1 germ anica Purple Wave cv1nov ( ) ( ) ( 94E ), 210 cm, 214 cm, 2818 cm, 4416 cm, ;,,,, cm 5, 4 d, 4 5 ( 1 8) [2 ],,,, ;,,,,,, ;,, 50 % ( ) ;, 9E , ( 2219 cm, 510 cm), 1,,

5 4 : ( Iris germ anica L1) 25,,, : [1 ] Yabuya T, Ikeda Y, Adachi T. In vit ro propagation of Japanese garden iris, Iris ensata Thunb1 [J ]. Euphytica, 1991, 57 (1) : [ 2 ] Shimizu K, Miyabe Y, Nagaike H, et al. Production of somatic hybrid plants between Iris ensata Thunb. and I. germanica L1 [J ]. Euphytica, 1999, 107 (2) : [ ]. (, ) [ M ]. :, [ 4 ] Mathew Brian. The Iris [ M ]. London : B. T. Batsford Ltd, [ 5 ] Holcomb E J, Anjichi V E, Beattie D J. Dwarf irises as potted plants cultivar evaluation [J ]. Bulletin Pennsylvania Flower Growers, 1994, 425 : 1 4. [ 6 ] Meerow A W, McMaster R, McMaster C. Amatola, a dwarf cultivar of white African iris [J ]. HortScience, 2001, 6 (7) : [ 7 ],,. ( Iris L. ) [J ]., 1998, 7 (1) : 5 9. [ 8 ],,. ( Iris L. ) [J ]., 1996, 5 (4) : [ 9 ] Brickell C D, Voss E G, Kelly A F. (1980) [ M ].,. :, :

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