Robert L. Taylor and Ravinder J. Singh * Metabolism. Clinical Chemistry 48: (2002) Endocrinology and
|
|
- Oliver French
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Clinical Chemistry 48: (2002) Endocrinology and Metabolism Validation of Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Analysis of Urinary Conjugated Metanephrine and Normetanephrine for Screening of Pheochromocytoma Robert L. Taylor and Ravinder J. Singh * Background: Metanephrines are biochemical markers for tumors of the adrenal medulla (e.g., pheochromocytoma) and other tumors derived from neural crest cells (e.g., paragangliomas and neuroblastomas). We describe a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the measurement of urinary conjugated metanephrines. Methods: We added 250 ng of d 3 -metanephrine (d 3 -MN) and 500 ng of d 3 -normetanephrine (d 3 -NMN) to 1 ml of urine samples as stable isotope internal standards. The samples were then acidified, hydrolyzed for 20 min in a 100 C water bath, neutralized, and prepared by solidphase extraction. The methanol eluates were analyzed by LC-MS/MS in the selected-reaction-monitoring mode after separation on a reversed-phase amide C16 column. Results: Multiple calibration curves for the analysis of urine MN and NMN exhibited consistent linearity and reproducibility in the range of g/l. Interassay CVs were % at mean concentrations of g/l for MN and NMN. The detection limit was 10 g/l. Recovery of MN and NMN ( g/l) added to urine was %. The regression equation for the LC-MS/MS (x) and colorimetric (y) methods was: y 0.81x (r 0.822; n 110). The equation for the HPLC (x) and LC-MS/MS (y) methods was: y 1.09x 0.05 (r 0.998; n 40). Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN *Address correspondence to this author at: Hilton 730, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN Fax ; singh.ravinder@mayo.edu. Received November 7, 2001; accepted December 17, Conclusions: The sensitivity and specificity of the MS/MS method for urinary conjugated metanephrines offer advantages over colorimetric, immunoassay, HPLC, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry methods because of elimination of drug interferences, high throughput, and short chromatographic run time American Association for Clinical Chemistry Pheochromocytoma is a rare but potentially fatal tumor arising from chromaffin cells, which may produce episodic secondary hypertension along with headaches, sweating, and palpitations (1 4). The incidence of pheochromocytoma has been estimated to be per 1 million persons per year (5, 6). The prevalence of pheochromocytoma was found to be 0.13% for hypertensive patients in a 50-year autopsy study (7) and was estimated to be 6.5% for patients with incidentally discovered adrenal masses. Screening for pheochromocytoma is typically part of an evaluation for secondary causes of hypertension, unexplained spells, incidental adrenal masses, or less commonly, of patients with a family history of pheochromocytoma. Biochemical testing for pheochromocytoma typically has included measurements of 24-h urinary conjugated metanephrines and catecholamines (8). In methods for urinary metanephrines, the conjugated metanephrines are hydrolyzed for analysis because excretion of free metanephrines is negligible. The longer half-lives of sulfateconjugated metanephrines than free catecholamines are consistent with the nature of sulfate-conjugated metanephrines as end products of catecholamine metabolism, the circulatory clearance of which is dependent on elimination by the kidneys (9). High diagnostic sensitivity of plasma metanephrines has been proposed not only because the tumor has the ability to O-methylate catecholamines, but also because 533
2 534 Taylor and Singh: LC-MS/MS Method for Conjugated MN and NMN the half-lives of sulfate-conjugated metanephrine (MN) 1 and normetanephrine (NMN) are longer than those of free catecholamines (10 12). Plasma concentrations of free metanephrines are 5% of the concentrations of the conjugated metanephrines. Recently, measurements of fractionated plasma free metanephrines by HPLC with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC) were found to have sensitivities and specificities as high as 100% and 89%, respectively, for detecting pheochromocytoma (13, 14). In contrast, the poor sensitivity and specificity of total 24-h urine colorimetric metanephrine method was also reported in the same study. Thus, measurement of fractionated plasma metanephrines has been recommended as the best initial screening test for pheochromocytoma (15). In a 5-year retrospective review and similar studies, analysis of urinary 24-h conjugated MN and NMN has also been found to be an optimum screening test for discriminating secondary causes of hypertension and pheochromocytoma (16). Several methods, including colorimetric, immunoassay, HPLC, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), have been reported for determination of urinary MN and NMN. Colorimetric assays of urinary total metanephrines have been superseded by HPLC assays that allow separate measurement of MN and NMN, termed fractionated metanephrines. Despite the superiority of HPLC assays for urinary fractionated metanephrines over the colorimetric assay urinary total metanephrines, use of the latter test has persisted (17). Limitations of the colorimetric assay include drug interferences and the lack of an internal standard. Drug interferences are detected in the colorimetric assay when an abnormal spectral curve is generated with the three monitored wavelengths, but some drug and catecholamine interferences can produce normal spectral curves (18). Although new immunoassays for metanephrines have been shown to be free of drug interference (19), they still lack an internal standard to monitor recovery through the extraction process. Recent modifications in HPLC methods have resolved known drug interferences from MN (20), but analytical run times have been lengthened. To overcome drug interferences, an isotope-dilution GC-MS method (21) has also been developed. The GC-MS method is specific, but it requires time-consuming derivatization of the metanephrines before measurement and has longer run times. This study presents a simple high-throughput liquid chromatography tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) method that uses stable deuteriumlabeled isotopes of MN and NMN. 1 Nonstandard abbreviations: MN, metanephrine; NMN, normetanephrine; EC, electrochemical detection; GC-MS, gas chromatography mass spectrometry; LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; E, epinephrine; NE, norepinephrine; D, dopamine; and RO, reverse osmosis. Materials and Methods materials MN and NMN were purchased from Sigma. d 3 -MN was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, and d 3 -NMN was purchased from Medical Isotopes. Working solutions of MN and NMN and the stable isotopes were prepared from stock solutions in HCl (0.05 mol/l). Solidphase extraction Oasis cartridges were purchased from Waters Corporation. Analytical discovery LC and guard columns were purchased from Supelco. For the drug interference study, chlorpromazine, desipramine, and ephedrine sulfate were obtained from a local pharmacy. Epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (D) were purchased from Sigma. sample preparation and specimen stability We added 250 ng of d 3 -MN and 500 ng of d 3 -NMN to 1.0 ml of urine, which was then acidified with 50 L of 4.5 mol/l HCl. The urine was then hydrolyzed for 20 min in a boiling water bath. After hydrolysis, the urine was neutralized and the ph adjusted to 6.5 ( 0.5) with 5.0 mol/l NaOH. The urine was then applied to an Oasis HLB extraction cartridge, which was preconditioned with 1.0 ml of methanol and 1.0 ml of reverse-osmosis (RO) H 2 O. After application of the urine, the cartridge was washed with 1.0 ml of RO H 2 O. The MN, NMN, and stable isotopes were eluted from the cartridge with 1 ml of 200 ml/l methanol, transferred to a sealed glass autosampler vial, and injected onto an LC-MS/MS system by an autosampler. For multiple use, the cartridges were washed with 1.0 ml of 200 ml/l methanol, 2.0 ml of 700 ml/l methanol, and 2.0 ml of absolute methanol and reused up to five times. To determine the best preservative for urine collection for analysis of MN and NMN, we collected five random urine samples and separated each sample into three pools. For each sample, one pool was stored with no preservative, one pool was stored with boric acid as the preservative (1 g of boric acid per 20 ml of urine), and one pool was stored with acetic acid as preservative (0.25 ml of a 500 ml/l solution per 20 ml of urine). A 2.0-mL aliquot was immediately taken from each of the pools with or without preservative, labeled as baseline, and frozen. Each pool was divided in two smaller pools, with one stored at room temperature and the other stored in the refrigerator. On days 1, 3, and 7, we removed and froze a 2-mL aliquot from each pool. At the end of the study, all samples were analyzed for fractionated metanephrines. methods Calibrators ( g/l) were prepared in 200 ml/l methanol by dilution of the working solutions of the calibrators and stable isotopes. The 200 ml/l methanol eluate and calibrators were analyzed on an LC-MS/MS system equipped with an API 2000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (Sciex). Peripherals included a Perkin- Elmer Series 200 micropump and autosampler. A 15- L
3 Clinical Chemistry 48, No. 3, injection volume was used. Separation was performed on a Discovery RP Amide C16 column ( cm; Supelco). The column was directly connected to the electrospray ionization probe operating at 450 C. The LC-MS/MS method was compared with the colorimetric and HPLC methods for the analysis of urinary conjugated metanephrines for different patients screened for pheochromocytoma. ms/ms conditions The metanephrines were detected in the multiple-reaction monitoring mode of the tandem mass spectrometer with the following transitions: MN, m/z 180 to m/z 148; d 3 -MN, m/z 183 to m/z 151; NMN, m/z 166 to m/z 134; d 3 -NMN, m/z 169 to m/z 137. Data were acquired and processed with the Analyst Software (Ver. 1.1; Sciex). All results were generated in positive-ion mode with the entrance potential at 5 V, the collision cell entrance potential at 10 V, and the cell exit potential at 1.0 V. The optimized declustering potentials were set at 50, 50, 40, and 40 V; the focusing potentials at 380, 380, 350, and 380 V; and the collision energy potential at 30, 30, 30, and 20 V for MN, d 3 -MN, NMN, and d 3 -NMN, respectively, as determined by manual tuning. Front-end electrospray settings for the MS/MS ionization source were as follows: curtain gas, 30; GS1, 90; GS2, 90; CAD, 12, temperature, 450 C; and ion source at 5000 V. For all MS/MS experiments, mass calibration and resolution adjustments [at 0.7 atomic mass units (amu) at full width at half height] on both the resolving quadrupoles were optimized using a polypropylene glycol solution with an infusion pump. Collisionally activated decomposition MS/MS was performed through the closeddesign Q 2 collision cell operating with nitrogen as collision gas. drug interferences Saturated solutions of desipramine, ephedrine sulfate, and chlorpromazine were prepared in 0.05 mol/l HCl. Solutions containing E, NE, and D (100 mg/l of each) were prepared in 0.05 mol/l HCl. A 1.0 g/l acetaminophen stock solution was prepared in methanol. The interference of these drugs was studied in 10 different urine specimens. Each of 10 urine samples was divided into four sets of 1.0-mL aliquots. Nothing was added to the first set of aliquots; 25 L of each of the desipramine, ephedrine sulfate, and chlorpromazine solutions was added to the second set of aliquots; 50 L of the acetaminophen stock solution was added to the third set of aliquots; and 50 L of each of the E, NE, and D solutions was added to the fourth set of aliquots. All samples were extracted and analyzed by the analytically validated LC- MS/MS method. Results lc-ms/ms characteristics of mn and nmn The electrospray MS spectra obtained in the positive-ion mode by infusion of 10 mg/l MN is shown in Fig. 1A. Fig. 1. Electrospray ionization mass spectrum (A) and product ion spectrum (B) for MN. (A), electrospray ionization mass spectrum for MN in positive-ion mode (Q 1 scan). (B), product ion spectrum for the MN m/z 180 ion [M 1 H 2 O]. MN (10 mg/l) in methanol H 2 O 2 mmol/l ammonium acetate was infused at the electrospray tip of the quadrupole mass spectrometer. The first-quadruple (Q 1 ) scan shows a small parent ion peak at m/z 198, which is the expected [M 1] ion, and a larger peak at m/z 180 corresponding to loss of H 2 O from MN [M 1 H 2 O]. Usually, the parent ion at m/z 198 is the preferred parent ion for generating a product ion spectrum. However, to obtain better sensitivity, we chose the intense ion at m/z 180 for the analysis of MN. A similar relationship of a loss of H 2 O was seen for NMN Q 1 scans generating parent ion peaks at m/z 184 and 166 (data not shown). The spectrum in Fig. 1B was acquired by transmitting the MN ion at m/z 180 via Q 1 and scanning for products resulting from fragmentation in the collision cell in the resolving quadruple (Q 3 ). Major daughter ions at m/z 165, 148, and 120 were observed from the fragmentation of the m/z 180 ion peak. Using the autotune algorithm provided in the system software, we optimized the instrument for transmission of
4 536 Taylor and Singh: LC-MS/MS Method for Conjugated MN and NMN NMN and d 3 -NMN coeluted at 1.55 min. Total run time for the analysis was 3 min/sample. Reversed-phase chromatographic analysis of MN and NMN in urine from a pheochromocytoma patient produced a chromatogram similar to the one shown in Fig. 2B. The MN and NMN concentrations were 800 and 1400 g/24 h, respectively, for the pheochromocytoma patient. We separated the major interferences from the urine matrix from MN and NMN by decreasing the methanol in the mobile phase to 150 ml/l, but the decreased methanol concentration substantially reduced the signal-to-noise ratios of the MN and NMN peaks. precision This LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of total urinary MN and NMN was found to be highly precise in the low normal and high abnormal values relevant for the screening and diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Patient samples at four different concentrations were pooled, aliquoted, and frozen for analysis of MN and NMN. Interassay CVs were 10% for the LC-MS/MS method at concentrations of g/l for MN and NMN. Intraassay CVs were not 13% at concentrations of g/l. The intraand interassay precision data are summarized in Table 1. The detection limit of the assay was 10 g/l for urinary MN and NMN based on an interassay CV 20% for the low-concentration patient pool. Fig. 2. LC-MS/MS chromatograms of a calibrator (A) and urine from a pheochromocytoma patient (B). (A), calibrator contains 200 g/l MN and NMN with stable isotopes d 3 -MN (250 ng) and d 3 -NMN (500 ng). (B), MN (800 g/24 h) and NMN (1400 g/24 h) concentrations were calculated for this patient. the protonated molecular ion, m/z 180, and for maximum intensity of the selected fragment, m/z 148. The product ion at m/z 148 represents a loss of 32 amu from the parent ion, indicating the loss of an OCH 3 group and a proton. The same procedure was used to determine and optimize the Q 1 and Q 3 ions for d 3 -MN, NMN, and d 3 -NMN. Fig. 2A shows LC-MS/MS chromatograms for MN and NMN in a calibrator, each at a concentration of 200 g/l, with retention times of 1.55 and 1.65 min, respectively, and a total run time of 3 min. Signal-to-noise ratios of 31:1 and 42:1 were observed for MN and NMN, respectively, for a 10 g/l calibrator. To maintain the chromatographic sharpness of the peaks for MN and NMN, we used a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The flow was split, with 0.8 ml/min going to the waste and 0.2 ml/min to the tandem mass spectrometer. MN and d 3 -MN coeluted at 1.65 min, whereas recovery Lack of an internal standard is considered one of the major disadvantages of the colorimetric method for the analysis of urinary conjugated MN and NMN (18). In HPLC-EC methods, the recovery of MN and NMN from a patient s urine is normalized with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamine hydrochloride, a compound with relatively different chromatographic and electrochemical properties. Both compounds were added at three concentrations in the range of g/l to four patient samples with low endogenous concentrations of MN and NMN and assayed in single determinations. Individual sample recoveries ranged from 92% to 109% and from 91% to 114% for MN and NMN, respectively, in the LC-MS/MS method. Mean recovery data are summarized in Table 2. Table 1. Precision data for the analysis of urinary MN and NMN by LC-MS/MS method. MN NMN Interassay precision Intrassay precision Mean, g/l n CV, % Mean, g/l n CV, %
5 Clinical Chemistry 48, No. 3, Table 2. Mean linearity and recovery characteristics of urinary MN and NMN in the LC-MS/MS method (n 4). Linearity, % observed/expected Recovery, % Dilution MN NMN Added MN and NMN, g/l MN NMN 1: : : : : linearity The LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of MN and NMN was linear at g/l; urine specimens with MN or NMN 5000 g/l can be diluted with water. The linearity data are summarized in Table 2. Four patient samples were assayed in single determinations at several dilutions between 1:2 and 1:40, using RO H 2 O. The expected value of each dilution was calculated based on the result for the undiluted sample. The linearity was evaluated by dividing the observed value of each dilution by the expected value to determine the percentage of the expected result for each dilution. The percentages of the expected results for MN and NMN diluted in RO H 2 O (1:2 to 1:40 dilutions) were % and % for MN and NMN, respectively, for urine specimens containing g/l MN or NMN. Mean recoveries for several dilutions are shown in Table 2. carryover, efficiency of extraction, and specimen stability LC-MS/MS is a high-throughput method, and almost 20 MN and NMN measurements in different urine samples can be made in 1 h. No carryover was observed during multiple injections of patient urine samples when the instrument was run in batch mode. The extraction efficiency of the solid-phase cartridges for multiple use was confirmed by evaluating multiple extractions. Increased concentrations of MN and NMN were added to four patient samples, and each sample was separated into five 1.0-mL aliquots. A cartridge was assigned to each set of aliquots. Each set of aliquots was extracted in its assigned cartridge. Between each extraction, a 1.0-mL aliquot of RO H 2 O with stable isotopes was extracted to monitor carryover. After each extraction, the cartridges were washed with 1.0 ml of 200 ml/l methanol, 2.0 ml of 700 ml/l methanol, and 2.0 ml of absolute methanol. Each sample extract and RO H 2 O extract was analyzed for MN and NMN. The results of the carryover studies are shown in Table 3 and indicate that extraction cartridges can be used up to five times for multiple patients for cost-saving purposes. The conjugated metanephrines were stable under various storage conditions. For urine stored at ambient temperature, day 7 aliquots differed from baseline aliquots, on average, by 4.4%, 0.6%, and 5.8% for MN and Table 3. Extraction efficiency and carryover data for a single cartridge for urinary MN and NMN. Cartridge multiple use Sample MN, g/l Recovery, % NMN, g/l Recovery, % 1st Patient nd Patient rd Patient th Patient th Patient %, 11.5%, and 10.9% for NMN in urine stored without preservative and with boric and acetic as preservative, respectively. For refrigerated storage, day 7 aliquots differed from baseline aliquots by an average of 0.2%, 9.2%, and 3.0% for MN and 0.2%, 3.1%, and 9.0% for NMN in urine stored without preservative and with boric and acetic as preservative, respectively. The results indicate that urine can be collected in any of the above preservatives and shipped frozen to a reference laboratory for analysis without any major loss of conjugated metanephrines. method comparisons Unused portions of 110 specimens analyzed for total metanephrines by a colorimetric method were reanalyzed by the LC-MS/MS method. Only samples with normal spectral curves were used for this study. The correlation between the LC-MS/MS (y) method and the colorimetric method (x) was: y 0.81x (r 0.822). Comparison of the LC-MS/MS vs the colorimetric method showed a mean difference of mg/24 h for total metanephrines with no bias and is shown as a Bland Altman plot in Fig. 3. In a second method comparison, 40 samples were split Fig. 3. Bland Altman plot for comparison of the LC-MS/MS method with the colorimetric Pisano method (n 110). The regression equation for the comparison for total MN is: y 0.81x (r 0.822).
6 538 Taylor and Singh: LC-MS/MS Method for Conjugated MN and NMN Fig. 4. Bland Altman plot for comparison of the LC-MS/MS method with the HPLC-EC method (n 37). Linear regression for all samples (n 40) in the comparison produced the following equation: y 1.09x 0.05 (r 0.998). into two aliquots with one aliquot being analyzed by our LC-MS/MS method (y) and the other aliquot analyzed by the HPLC-EC method (x). The Bland Altman plot (Fig. 4) showed a mean difference of 0.07 mg/24 h for total metanephrines with no bias. The linear regression equation for the correlation was: y 1.09x 0.05 (r 0.998). interferences Recently, the interference of acetaminophen in the HPLC-EC method was addressed by lengthening the chromatographic run time (20). No interference of added acetaminophen (up to 50 mg/l) was observed during the analysis of MN and NMN by the present LC-MS/MS method in a patient urine specimen being screened for the cause of secondary hypertension. Chlorpromazine, desipramine, and ephedrine sulfate are among the drugs known to interfere in the colorimetric or HPLC assays. Chlorpromazine, desipramine, ephedrine sulfate, E, NE, or D added to patient urine samples had no effect on the analysis of MN or NMN by the LC-MS/MS method. Ten different urine samples to which desipramine, ephedrine sulfate, and chlorpromazine had been added had mean differences of 2.3% for MN and 1.8% for NMN compared with the baseline samples. The samples to which acetaminophen had been added had mean differences of 4.2% for MN and 4.1% for NMN compared with baseline. The samples with added E, NE, and D had mean differences of 3.9% for MN and 5.2% for NMN compared with baseline values. Discussion The Q 1 scan in the positive-ion mode for MN shows a small parent ion peak at m/z 198, the expected location of the [M 1] ion, and a larger ion peak at m/z 180. The m/z 180 peak indicates a loss of H 2 O during electrospray ionization in the Q 1 scan [M 1 H 2 O]. [M 1 H 2 O] protonated molecules have also been reported with derivatized catecholamines (22). We chose the m/z 180 parent ion to maximize the sensitivity in our method. A similar relationship for [M 1] and [M 1 H 2 O] was seen in the Q 1 scans of NMN, d 3 -MN, and d 3 -NMN. The acceptable precision, recovery, and linearity data for all of our experiments indicate that this loss of H 2 O in the Q 1 scan from MN and NMN during ionization in electrospray mode is consistent. The shorter run time used to obtain chromatograms and calculate MN and NMN substantially improved turnaround time and sample throughput for the analysis of urine metanephrines compared with the colorimetric and HPLC methods. The use of deuterium-labeled MN and NMN compounds with chromatographic and ionization properties similar to those of MN and NMN is one of the major strengths of the LC-MS/MS method and provides consistent and accurate recoveries. The correlation of the LC-MS/MS method with the colorimetric and HPLC methods was acceptable. The inter- and intraassay CVs were comparable to those for a previously reported urine HPLC method (23). The detection limit for the assay was established as 10 g/l based on a CV of 15% for interassay imprecision at the low end of the concentration range. Several drugs commonly used by patients with hypertension cause interference in colorimetric and HPLC assays. Acetaminophen, for example, has been reported as an interferent in HPLC assays (24) and may require patients to discontinue drug therapy for sample collection. Acetaminophen had no effect on MN or NMN quantification by the LC-MS/MS method. Recently, the HPLC method has eliminated the acetaminophen interference (20), but it requires a longer run time. In general, no major interference was observed during analysis of MN or NMN in urine specimens screened for pheochromocytoma. However, low recovery of the metanephrines was seen in several samples during our validation studies, which was probably attributable to interfering substances in the samples that adsorb to and saturate the binding sites of the cartridge packing. The problem of low recovery in the above circumstances was easily resolved by diluting the samples 1:2 or 1:5 with RO H 2 O. An elution study with the cartridges, where methanol concentrations were varied in 50 ml/l intervals, showed that all MN and NMN was removed from the cartridge at between 50 and 200 ml/l methanol. The 200 ml/l methanol elution removes little of the sample matrix from the cartridge, providing a clean eluate for direct injection into the LC-MS/MS system. It was determined experimentally that two washes (700 ml/l methanol and absolute methanol) were needed to remove the bulk of sample matrix from the cartridge so that the cartridge could be reused. Recovery was consistent throughout the five uses of the cartridge in the carryover study, with no sample-to-sample contamination. Sample ph in two samples was evaluated at ph 4 8 in steps of 1 ph unit to assess optimum sample ph for cartridge extraction. Recovery of the stable isotopes was considerably low at ph 4 or 5, but was acceptable and consistent at ph 6 8. The LC-MS/MS method for urinary conjugated meta-
7 Clinical Chemistry 48, No. 3, nephrines has been validated and implemented in our clinical laboratory and has replaced the colorimetric and HPLC-EC methods. This has improved the analysis turnaround time and also the concern of clinicians about unreliable results reported by the colorimetric assay. The new assay would not require discontinuation of the administered drugs that cause analytical interferences in the colorimetric and HPLC-EC assays. However, drugs known to cause physiologic increases in catecholamines or metanephrines would need consideration during the evaluation of pheochromocytoma. We are participating in an Institution Review Boardapproved study to determine the specificity of the urinary MN and NMN LC-MS/MS method with 100% sensitivity for the detection of pheochromocytoma. The LC-MS/MS method also has the potential to measure fractionated plasma free metanephrines, which will provide analytical advantages similar to those discussed for urinary metanephrines. At present we are developing an efficient extraction and chromatographic procedure with detection limits in the range of ng/l for plasma free metanephrines. It is very likely that in the future, with the implementation of LC-MS/MS methodology in an endocrine laboratory, the analysis of plasma free metanephrines and urinary conjugated metanephrines may be the best tests for biochemical evidence of pheochromocytoma. Several studies have already suggested poor specificity of urine catecholamines and vanillylmandelic acid tests for the workup of pheochromocytoma patients. The LC- MS/MS methods for metanephrines will not only prevent expensive follow-up imaging studies by eliminating false positives reported with the previous methods, but will also allow analysis without taking patients off drugs necessary for management of hypertension. In conclusion, this assay is accurate, precise, and linear for the measurement of urinary MN and NMN and has relatively high throughput. It offers advantages over colorimetric, immunoassay, HPLC, and GC-MS methods in regard to interferences, deuterated internal standard, sample turnaround time, and lack of derivatization. These analytical advantages indicate that this method may be used as a reference method and may provide a tool for the development of proficiency testing material. References 1. Benowitz NL. Pheochromocytoma. Adv Intern Med 1990;35: Weinkove C. Hypertension and the adrenal medulla. Commun Lab Med 1992;3: Bravo EL. Evolving concepts in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pheochromocytoma. Endocr Rev 1994;15: Stenstron G, Haljamae H, Tisell LE. Influence of preoperative treatment with phenoxybenzamine on the incidence of adverse cardiovascular reactions during the anesthesia and surgery for pheochromocytoma. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1985;29: Anderson GS, Tofdahl DB, Lund JO, Strandgaard S, Nielsen PE. The incidence rate of phaeochromocytoma and Conn s syndrome in Denmark, J Hum Hypertens 1988;2: Fernandez-Calvet L, Garcia-Mayor RV. Incidence of pheochromocytoma in South Galicia, Spain. J Intern Med 1994;236: Sutton MG, Sheps SG, Lie LI. Prevalence of clinically unsuspected pheochromocytoma. Mayo Clin Proc 1981;56: Young WF Jr. Pheochromocytoma and primary aldosteronism: diagnostic approaches. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1997;26: Grouzmann E, Fathi M, Gillet M, de Torrente A, Cavadas C, Brunner H, et al. Disappearance rate of catecholamines, total metanephrines, and neuropeptide Y from the plasma of patients after resection of pheochromocytoma. Clin Chem 2001;47: Eisenhofer G, Rundquist B, Aneman A, Friberg P, Dakak N, Kopin IJ, et al. Regional release and removal of catecholamines and extraneuronal metabolism to metanephrines. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80: Eisenhofer G, Keiser H, Friberg P, Mezey E, Huynh TT, Hiremagalur B, et al. Plasma metanephrines are markers of pheochromocytoma produced by catechol-o-methyltransferase within tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83: Boulton AA, Eisenhofer G. Catecholamine metabolism. From molecular understanding to clinical diagnosis and treatment [Overview]. Adv Pharmacol 1998;42: Lenders JW, Keiser HR, Goldstein DS, Willemsen JJ, Friberg P, Jacobs MC. Plasma metanephrines in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Ann Intern Med 1995;123: Raber W, Raffesberg W, Bischof M, Scheuba C, Niederle B, Gasic S. Diagnostic efficacy of unconjugated plasma metanephrines for the detection of pheochromocytoma. Arch Intern Med 2000;160: Eisenhofer G, Lenders JWM, Linehan WM, Walther MM, Goldstein DS, Keiser HR. Plasma normetanephrine for detecting pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau disease and multiple endocrine neoplasia 2. N Engl J Med 1999;340: Hernandez FC, Sanchez M, Alvarez A, Diaz J, Pascual R, Perez M, et al. A five-year report on experience in the detection of pheochromocytoma. Clin Biochem 2000;33: Eisenhofer G. Free or total metanephrines for diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. What is the difference? Clin Chem 2001;47: Sawka A, Singh RJ, Young W Jr. False positive biochemical testing for pheochromocytoma caused by surreptitious catecholamine addition to urine. Endocrinologist 2001;11: Wassell J, Reed P, Kane J, Weinkove C. Freedom from drug interference in new immunoassays for urinary catecholamines and metanephrines. Clin Chem 1999;45: Roden M, Raffesberg W, Raber W, Bernroider E, Niederle B, Waldhäusl W, et al. Quantification of unconjugated metanephrines in human plasma without interference by acetaminophen. Clin Chem 2001;47: Canfell C, Binder S, Khayam-Bashi H, Quantitation of urinary normetanephrine and metanephrine by reverse-phase extraction and mass-fragmentographic analysis. Clin Chem 1982;28: Chen S, Li Q, Carvey P, Li K. Analysis of 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl derivatives of catecholamines by high performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 1999;13: Panholzer T, Beyer J, Lichtwald K. Coupled-column liquid chromatographic analysis of catecholamines, serotonin and metabolites in human urine. Clin Chem 1999;45: Lenders JWM, Eisenhofer G, Armando I, Keiser HR, Goldstein DS, Kopin IJ. Determination of metanephrines by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Clin Chem 1993;39:
Plasma Metanephrines and 3-Methoxytyramine by LC/MS/MS Using Agilent SimpliQ WCX SPE, 1290 Infi nity LC, and 6460 Triple Quadrupole LC/MS
Plasma Metanephrines and 3-Methoxytyramine by LC/MS/MS Using Agilent SimpliQ WCX SPE, 129 Infi nity LC, and 646 Triple Quadrupole LC/MS Application Note Clinical Research Authors Linda Côté and Christophe
More informationSimultaneous measurement of urinary metanephrines and catecholamines by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection
Original Article Simultaneous measurement of urinary metanephrines and catecholamines by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection M J Whiting Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology
More informationVMA, HVA, 5-HIAA Urine LC-MS/MS Analysis Kit User Manual
Page 1 / 11 VMA, HVA, 5-HIAA Urine LC-MS/MS Analysis Kit User Manual ZV-3030-0200-20 200 2-8 C Page 2 / 11 Table of Contents 1. INTENDED USE... 3 2. SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION... 3 3. TEST PRINCIPLE... 3
More informationJonathan P. Danaceau, Erin E. Chambers, and Kenneth J. Fountain Waters Corporation, Milford, MA USA APPLICATION BENEFITS INTRODUCTION WATERS SOLUTIONS
Rapid and Simultaneous Analysis of Urinary Catecholamines and Metanephrines Using Mixed-Mode SPE and Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography (HILIC) for Clinical Research Jonathan P. Danaceau, Erin E. Chambers,
More informationCatecholamines Urine LC-MS/MS Analysis Kit User Manual
Page 1 / 13 Catecholamines Urine LC-MS/MS Analysis Kit User Manual ZV-3031-0200-20 200 Page 2 / 13 Table of Contents 1. INTENDED USE... 3 2. SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION... 3 3. TEST PRINCIPLE... 3 4. WARNING
More informationPlasma-free Metanephrines Quantitation with Automated Online Sample Preparation and a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method
Plasma-free Metanephrines Quantitation with Automated Online Sample Preparation and a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method Xiang He and Marta Kozak ThermoFisher Scientific, San Jose, CA,
More informationEPA Method 535: Detection of Degradates of Chloroacetanilides and other Acetamide Herbicides in Water by LC/MS/MS
EPA Method 535: Detection of Degradates of Chloroacetanilides and other Acetamide Herbicides in Water by LC/MS/MS Christopher Borton AB SCIEX Golden, Colorado verview Described here is the analysis of
More informationAssay Robustness Improvement for Drug Urinalysis Using FAIMS and H-SRM on a Triple- Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer
38 Current Trends in Mass Spectrometry November 6 Assay Robustness Improvement for Drug Urinalysis Using FAIMS and H-SRM on a Triple- Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer This article demonstrates the improved
More informationQuantitative Analysis of EtG and EtS in Urine Using FASt ETG and LC-MS/MS
Quantitative Analysis of EtG and EtS in Urine Using FASt ETG and LC-MS/MS UCT Part Numbers: CSFASETG203 - CLEAN SCREEN FASt ETG, 200mg / 3mL tube SLETG100ID21-3UM - Selectra ETG HPLC column, 100 x 2.1
More informationEPA Method 535: Detection of Degradates of Chloroacetanilides and other Acetamide Herbicides in Water by LC/MS/MS
Application Note EPA Method 535 EPA Method 535: Detection of Degradates of Chloroacetanilides and other Acetamide Herbicides in Water by LC/MS/MS API 3200 LC/MS/MS System Overview Described here is the
More informationPsychoactive Drugs Urine LC-MS/MS Analysis Kit User Manual
Page 1 / 18 Psychoactive Drugs Urine LC-MS/MS Analysis Kit User Manual ZV-2001-0200-20 200 2-8 C Page 2 / 18 Table of Contents 1. INTENDED USE... 3 2. SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION... 3 3. TEST PRINCIPLE...
More informationLC-MS/MS in the Clinical Laboratory. Jo Adaway
LC-MS/MS in the Clinical Laboratory Jo Adaway LC-MS/MS in the clinical laboratory LC-MS/MS is mainly used for quantification of analytes used in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease Semi-quantitative
More informationQuantitative Analysis of EtG and EtS in Urine Using FASt ETG and LC-MS/MS
Quantitative Analysis of EtG and EtS in Urine Using FASt ETG and LC-MS/MS UCT Part Numbers: CSFASETG203 - CLEAN SCREEN FASt ETG, 200mg / 3mL tube SLETG100ID21-3UM - Selectra ETG HPLC column, 100 x 2.1
More informationSTANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES SOP: 1828 PAGE: 1 of 14 REV: 0.0 DATE: 05/12/95 ANALYSIS OF METHYL PARATHION IN CARPET SAMPLES BY GC/MS
PAGE: 1 of 14 1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION 2.0 METHOD SUMMARY CONTENTS 3.0 SAMPLE PRESERVATION, CONTAINERS, HANDLING AND STORAGE 4.0 INTERFERENCES AND POTENTIAL PROBLEMS 5.0 EQUIPMENT/APPARATUS 6.0 REAGENTS
More informationDevelopment of analytical methods for Catecholamines, Metanephrines and related metabolites in urine and plasma matrices
Development of analytical methods for Catecholamines, Metanephrines and related metabolites in urine and plasma matrices From sample preparation to LC/MS/MS Linda Côté Christophe Deckers Agilent Technologies
More informationDetermination of Urinary Catecholamines and Metanephrines in a single run
Determination of Urinary Catecholamines and Metanephrines in a single run Analysis by offline SPE and LC-MS/MS for Clinical Research Linda Côté Senior Clinical Application Specialist Agilent Technologies
More informationQuantitative analysis of mitragynine in human urine by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Quantitative analysis of mitragynine in human urine by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Shijun Lua, Buu N. Trana, Jamie L. Nelsenb, Kenneth M. Aldousa. Journal of Chromatography
More informationPerfluorinated Alkyl Acids (PFAA) in Water by LC/MS/MS - PBM
Organics Revision Date: July 19, 2017 Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids (PFAA) in Water by LC/MS/MS - PBM Parameter Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids (Perfluorobutane Sulphonate (PFBS), Perflourooctane Sulphonate (PFOS),
More informationHigh-sensitivity, high-throughput quantitation of catecholamine metabolites in urine by LC/MS/MS for clinical research
PO-CON1655E High-sensitivity, high-throughput quantitation of catecholamine metabolites in urine by LC/MS/MS for clinical research ASMS 2016 MP-079 Atsuhiko TOYAMA 1, Kumie SATOU 2, Yuki NAKAMURA 2, Ichiro
More information[application note] INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTAL. Specimens. Extraction
Testing for GHB in hair by GC tandem quadrupole MS Marie Bresson, Vincent Cirimele, Pascal Kintz, Marion Villain; Laboratoire Chemtox, Illkirch, France Timothy Jenkins, Waters Corporation, Manchester,
More informationQuantitative analysis of small molecules in biological samples. Jeevan Prasain, Ph.D. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, UAB.
Quantitative analysis of small molecules in biological samples 100 Jeevan Prasain, Ph.D. Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, UAB % 0 300 500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 m/z Class Overview Introduction
More informationHigh-Throughput LC-MS/MS Quantification of Estrone (E1) and Estradiol (E2) in Human Blood Plasma/Serum for Clinical Research Purposes
High-Throughput LC-MS/MS Quantification of Estrone (E1) and Estradiol (E2) in Human Blood Plasma/Serum for Clinical Research Purposes Joe DiBussolo, Marta Kozak Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, CA Application
More informationUltrafast Analysis of Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine in Urine Using the Agilent RapidFire High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry System
Ultrafast Analysis of Buprenorphine and Norbuprenorphine in Urine Using the Agilent RapidFire High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry System Application Note Authors Mohamed Youssef and Vaughn P. Miller Agilent
More informationRapid Screening and Confirmation of Melamine Residues in Milk and Its Products by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Rapid Screening and Confirmation of Melamine Residues in Milk and Its Products by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Application Note Food Authors Jianqiu Mi, Zhengxiang Zhang, Zhixu Zhang,
More informationDetermination of Pharmaceuticals in Environmental Samples
Determination of Pharmaceuticals in Environmental Samples BACKGROUND The full effects of pharmaceutical substances in the environment are largely unknown however the risk is significant enough that many
More informationWADA Technical Document TD2003IDCR
IDENTIFICATION CRITERIA FOR QUALITATIVE ASSAYS INCORPORATING CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY The appropriate analytical characteristics must be documented for a particular assay. The Laboratory must
More informationVALIDATION OF A UPLC METHOD FOR A BENZOCAINE, BUTAMBEN, AND TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE TOPICAL SOLUTION
VALIDATION OF A UPLC METHOD FOR A BENZOCAINE, BUTAMBEN, AND TETRACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE TOPICAL SOLUTION Andrew J. Aubin and Tanya L. Jenkins Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA INTRODUCTION Benzocaine (4-Aminobenzoic
More informationAppendix II- Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation
A2. Bioanalytical method development 1. Optimization of chromatographic conditions Method development and optimization of chromatographic parameters is of utmost important for validating a method in biological
More informationNORBUPRENORPHINE (Buprenorphine s Metabolite ) BUPRENORPHINE in urine by GC/MS Code GC Method of Confirmation by GC-MS
NORBUPRENORPHINE (Buprenorphine s Metabolite ) BUPRENORPHINE in urine by GC/MS Code GC44010 Method of Confirmation by GC-MS INTRODUCTION Buprenorphine is an analgesic with a long-time action, 25 to 40
More informationToxicity, Teratogenic and Estrogenic Effects of Bisphenol A and its Alternative. Replacements Bisphenol S, Bisphenol F and Bisphenol AF in Zebrafish.
1 Supporting Information 2 3 Toxicity, Teratogenic and Estrogenic Effects of Bisphenol A and its Alternative Replacements Bisphenol S, Bisphenol F and Bisphenol AF in Zebrafish. 4 5 John Moreman, Okhyun
More informationisobaric Barbiturates in Serum using LDTD- MS/MS combined with differential mobility
Ultra-Fast Separation Ultra-Fast and Quantification Separation and of isobaric Barbiturates in Serum using LDTD- Quantification of isobaric MS/MS combined with differential mobility spectrometry Barbiturates
More informationAnalytical determination of testosterone in human serum using an Agilent Ultivo Triple Quadrupole LC/MS
Application Note Clinical Research Analytical determination of testosterone in human serum using an Agilent Ultivo Triple Quadrupole LC/MS Authors Yanan Yang 1, Victor Mandragon 2, and Peter Stone 1 1
More informationLC/MS/MS qua ntitation of β-estradiol 17-acetate using an Agilent 6460 Triple Quadrupole LC/MS working in ESI negative ion mode
LC/MS/MS qua ntitation of β-estradiol 17-acetate using an Agilent 6460 Triple Quadrupole LC/MS working in ESI negative ion mode Application Note Authors Siji Joseph Agilent Technologies India Pvt. Ltd.
More information[ APPLICATION NOTEBOOK ] MASS SPECTROMETRY APPLICATION SOLUTIONS FOR ENDOCRINOLOGY RESEARCH
[ APPLICATION NOTEBOOK ] 216 MASS SPECTROMETRY APPLICATION SOLUTIONS FOR ENDOCRINOLOGY RESEARCH [ TABLE OF CONTENTS ] MASS SPECTROMETRY APPLICATION SOLUTIONS FOR ENDOCRINOLOGY RESEARCH* INTRODUCTION...
More informationTOTAL DIVIDED METANEPHRINES IN URINE - FAST CODE Z12710 ( by FLUORIMETRY )
TOTAL DIVIDED METANEPHRINES IN URINE - FAST CODE Z12710 ( by FLUORIMETRY ) BIOCHEMISTRY Catecholamines are dihydroxyl organic compounds characterized by a phenolic ring (fig.1). Epinephrine (E), Norepinephrine
More informationEFFECTS OF MOBILE PHASE COMPOSITION ON THE SEPARATION OF CATECHOLAMINES BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION
Pharmacology EFFECTS OF MOBILE PHASE COMPOSITION ON THE SEPARATION OF CATECHOLAMINES BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION A. ISIMER N. E. BASCI A. BOZKURT S. O. KAYAALP SUMMARY: In this
More informationOverview. Introduction. André Schreiber AB SCIEX Concord, Ontario (Canada)
Quantitation and Identification of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCP) in Environmental Samples using Advanced TripleTOF MS/MS Technology André Schreiber AB SCIEX Concord, Ontario (Canada)
More informationCreatinine Colorimetric Detection Kit
Creatinine Colorimetric Detection Kit For the quantitative determination of creatinine in urine. For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures. Catalog Number: 74-CRNHU-E02 Size: 2x96 Wells
More informationMouse Creatinine Urinary Detection Kit
Mouse Creatinine Urinary Detection Kit Catalog No: IRAAKT2549 Lot No: SAMPLE INTENDED USE BACKGROUND Creatinine (2 amino 1 methyl 5H imadazol 4 one) is a metabolite of phosphocreatine (p creatine), a molecule
More informationApplication Note. Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry/Food Safety. Abstract. Authors
Trace-Level Analysis of Melamine in Milk Products on Agilent 789A/5975C GC/MSD Using a ew Agilent J&W DB-5ms Ultra Inert Column and SampliQ SCX Cartridges Application ote Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry/Food
More information+ butanal + 2-picolineborane. + acetic acid. + butanal + 2-picolineborane. + acetic acid
PO-CON1751E Quantitation of plasma metanephrine and normetanephrine by derivatization using an integrated LC-MS/MS analyzer equipped with fully-automated sample preparation device ASMS 2017 ThP-099 Atsuhiko
More informationSupporting Information. Sweetened Swimming Pools and Hot Tubs
Supporting Information Sweetened Swimming Pools and Hot Tubs Lindsay K Jmaiff Blackstock, Wei Wang, Sai Vemula, Benjamin T Jaeger and Xing-Fang Li * Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology,
More informationYun W. Alelyunas, Mark D. Wrona, Russell J. Mortishire-Smith, Nick Tomczyk, and Paul D. Rainville Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA INTRODUCTION
Quantitation by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry: Using Target Enhancement and Tof-MRM to Achieve Femtogram-level On-column Sensitivity for Quantitation of Drugs in Human Plasma Yun W. Alelyunas, Mark
More informationApplication Note for Gentian Cystatin C Immunoassay on. Cobas c501 1 (Optimised Volumes II), Roche Diagnostics 1 v06-september 2010
Page of 6 Application Note for Gentian Cystatin C Immunoassay on For in vitro diagnostic use only Cobas c50 (Optimised Volumes II), Roche Diagnostics v06-september 200 General Information Intended Use
More informationIntroduction. Abstract. Barbara Maier * and Michael Vogeser
DOI 10.1515/cclm-2012-0276 Clin Chem Lab Med 2012; 51(4): 833 837 Barbara Maier * and Michael Vogeser Target analyte quantification by isotope dilution LC-MS/MS directly referring to internal standard
More informationAnalysis of Opioids Using Isotope Dilution with GCMS-TQ8030 GC/MS/MS. No. GCMS No. SSI-GCMS-1401
Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer No. GCMS-1401 Analysis of Opioids Using Isotope Dilution with GCMS-TQ8030 GC/MS/MS Introduction Development of methods for analysis of drugs of abuse has become a high
More informationMaximizing Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry Productivity with the Agilent StreamSelect LC/MS System
Maximizing Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry Productivity with the Agilent StreamSelect LC/MS System Application Note Authors Kevin McCann, Sameer Nene, Doug McIntyre, Edmond Neo, Dennis Nagtalon, and
More informationAnalysis of Serum 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, Androstenedione, and Cortisol by UPLC-MS/MS for Clinical Research
Analysis of Serum 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, Androstenedione, and Cortisol by UPLC-MS/MS for Clinical Research Heather A Brown, 1 Claudia Rossi, 2 and Lisa J Calton 1 1 Waters Corporation, Wilmslow, UK 2
More informationAnalysis of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in River Water Samples by UHPLC-TOF
application Note Liquid Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry Author Sharanya Reddy PerkinElmer, Inc. Shelton, CT USA Analysis of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in River Water Samples by UHPLC-TOF
More informationOUTLINE 18/08/2011 NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN LC/MS/MS FRONT-END AUTOMATION. Expanding role of tandem mass spectrometry in the clinical laboratory
OUTLINE NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN LC/MS/MS FRONT-END AUTOMATION Brett McWhinney, Supervising Scientist, HPLC/Mass Spectrometry Section, Pathology Central, Pathology Queensland 11 th August 2011 AIMS NZIMLS South
More informationRapid method development to study plasma stability of diverse pharmaceutical compounds using Rapid Resolution LC and triple quadrupole MS
Rapid method development to study plasma stability of diverse pharmaceutical compounds using Rapid Resolution LC and triple quadrupole MS Application Note Drug Discovery Authors Srividya Kailasam Agilent
More informationSTANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES SOP: 1826 PAGE: 1 of 18 REV: 0.0 DATE: 03/30/95 ANALYSIS OF METHYL PARATHION IN WIPE SAMPLES BY GC/MS
PAGE: 1 of 18 CONTENTS 1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION 2.0 METHOD SUMMARY 3.0 SAMPLE PRESERVATION, CONTAINERS, HANDLING AND STORAGE 4.0 INTERFERENCES AND POTENTIAL PROBLEMS 5.0 EQUIPMENT/APPARATUS 6.0 REAGENTS
More informationMETHADONE and EDDP in urine by GC-MS Code GC Method of Confirmation by GC-MS
METHADONE and in urine by GC-MS Code GC48010 Method of Confirmation by GC-MS INTRODUCTION is a synthetic opioid used as a drug of choice in the detoxification of heroin (and / or opiates). is metabolized
More informationAB SCIEX SelexION Technology Used to Improve Mass Spectral Library Searching Scores by Removal of Isobaric Interferences
AB SCIEX SelexION Technology Used to Improve Mass Spectral Library Searching s by Removal of Isobaric Interferences Differential Mobility Used as a Tool to Address Selectivity Challenges Adrian M. Taylor
More informationDevelopment and Validation of Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for the Determination of Anagrelide HCl in Pharmaceutical Formulation
ISSN 0976 3333 Available Online at www.ijpba.info International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives 2013; 4(2): 342-346 ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Development and Validation of Stability Indicating
More informationTomorrow s quantitation with the TSQ Fortis mass spectrometer: quantitation of phenylephrine hydrochloride for QA/QC laboratories
APPLICATION NOTE 65200 Tomorrow s quantitation with the TSQ Fortis mass spectrometer: quantitation of phenylephrine hydrochloride for QA/QC laboratories Authors Neloni Wijeratne, Claudia Martins, Mary
More informationPowerful Scan Modes of QTRAP System Technology
Powerful Scan Modes of QTRAP System Technology Unique Hybrid Triple Quadrupole Linear Ion Trap Technology Provides Powerful Workflows to Answer Complex Questions with No Compromises While there are many
More informationSupporting Information
1 Supporting Information 2 3 Discovery and implications of C 2 and C 3 perfluoroalkyl sulfonates in aqueous film forming foams (AFFF) and groundwater 4 Krista A. Barzen-Hanson a and Jennifer A. Field b*
More informationFast and Reliable Method for the Analysis of Methylmalonic Acid from Human Plasma
Fast and Reliable Method for the Analysis of Methylmalonic Acid from Human Plasma Jon Bardsley 1, James Goldberg 2 1 Thermo Fisher Scientific, Runcorn, UK; 2 Thermo Fisher Scientific, West Palm Beach,
More informationChapter 5. Irbesartan. Page no. 64 to 80
Page no. 64 to 80 , a nonpeptide tetrazole derivative, is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) used mainly for the treatment of hypertension and diabetic nephropathy [65]. It is a specific competitive
More informationReverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography method for determination of Lercanidipine hydrochloride in bulk and tablet dosage form
Research Article ISSN: 0974-6943 M.V.Kumudhavalli et al. / Journal of Pharmacy Research 2014,8(11), Available online through http://jprsolutions.info Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography
More informationHIPPURIC ACID and o-m-p- METHYLHIPPURIC ACIDS IN URINE BY UV CODE Z06010
HIPPURIC ACID and o-m-p- METHYLHIPPURIC ACIDS IN URINE BY UV CODE Z06010 Biochemistry The determination of Hippuric Acid ( HPA ) in urine is important to determine the risk due to the exposition to Toluene.
More informationA S ENSIT IV E M E T HO D FO R T H E D E T E RM INAT IO N O F ENDO C RIN E- D IS RU P T ING COM P OUNDS IN RIV E R WAT E R BY L C / MS/MS
[ application note ] A S ENSIT IV E M E T HO D FO R T H E D E T E RM INAT IO N O F ENDO C RIN E- D IS RU P T ING COM P OUNDS IN RIV E R WAT E R BY L C / MS/MS Patricia Revilla-Ruiz 1, Gordon Kearney 2,
More informationNor-/ Metanephrine in Urine ELISA
Instructions for Use Nor-/ Metanephrine in Urine ELISA Enzyme Immunoassay for the Quantitative Determination of Normetanephrine and Metanephrine in Urine I V D REF EA 614/192 2 x 96 2 8 C DLD Gesellschaft
More informationTANDEM MASS SPECTROSCOPY
TANDEM MASS SPECTROSCOPY 1 MASS SPECTROMETER TYPES OF MASS SPECTROMETER PRINCIPLE TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETER INSTRUMENTATION QUADRAPOLE MASS ANALYZER TRIPLE QUADRAPOLE MASS ANALYZER TIME OF FLIGHT MASS ANALYSER
More informationDetermination of iopromide in environmental waters by ion chromatography-icp-ms
Determination of iopromide in environmental waters by ion chromatography-icp-ms Application note Environmental Authors Armando Durazo, Tarun Anumol, and Shane A. Snyder Department of Chemical & Environmental
More informationQuantitative Analysis of Water-Soluble B-Vitamins in Cereal Using Rapid Resolution LC/MS/MS. Application. Authors. Abstract.
Quantitative Analysis of Water-Soluble B-Vitamins in Cereal Using Rapid Resolution LC/MS/MS Application Food Analysis Authors Sheher Mohsin Agilent Technologies, Inc. Schaumburg, Il USA Michael Zumwalt
More informationPresentation Basic Introduction to Instrumentation Matrix Effects Challenges
Keys to Implementing Mass Spectrometry in the Clinical Laboratory Paul J. Taylor Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Satellite Meeting, AACB 20th September, 2013 Dept of Clinical Pharmacology, Princess Alexandra
More informationUncontrolled Copy. SOP 109 Ethylene Glycol Screen by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Table of Contents. 1. Principle of Assay...
Table of Contents 1. Principle of Assay... 3 2. Specimens... 3 3. Reagents and Materials (HPLC grade)... 3 4. Standards, Controls, and Solutions... 4 5. Equipment and Special Supplies... 5 6. Instrumentation...
More informationAnalyst Software. Automatic Optimization Tutorial
This document is provided to customers who have purchased AB Sciex equipment to use in the operation of such AB Sciex equipment. This document is copyright protected and any reproduction of this document
More information25-OH VITAMIN D 3 AND 25-OH VITAMIN D 2 IN PLASMA BY UV / VIS FAST CODE Z19710
25-OH VITAMIN D 3 AND 25-OH VITAMIN D 2 IN PLASMA BY UV / VIS FAST CODE Z19710 BIOCHEMISTRY Quantification of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 (25-hydroxycholecalciferol) in serum is the best established indicator
More informationSEAMLESS INTEGRATION OF MASS DETECTION INTO THE UV CHROMATOGRAPHIC WORKFLOW
SEAMLESS INTEGRATION OF MASS DETECTION INTO THE UV CHROMATOGRAPHIC WORKFLOW Paula Hong, John Van Antwerp, and Patricia McConville Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA Historically UV detection has been
More informationKey Words Q Exactive, Accela, MetQuest, Mass Frontier, Drug Discovery
Metabolite Stability Screening and Hotspot Metabolite Identification by Combining High-Resolution, Accurate-Mass Nonselective and Selective Fragmentation Tim Stratton, Caroline Ding, Yingying Huang, Dan
More informationHYDROXYPROLINE IN URINE by Fluorimetry FAST Code Z12610
HYDROXYPROLINE IN URINE by Fluorimetry FAST Code Z12610 Chemical characteristics Hydroxyproline or (2S,4R)-4-Hydroxy-L-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid, is an aminoacid with an hydroxyl group on the pyrrolidine
More informationFORMIC ACID in URINE by GC/MS-headspace - Code GC74010
FORMIC ACID in URINE by GC/MS-headspace - Code GC74010 BIOCHEMISTRY The Methanol is used in the production of cellulose, synthetic resins, formaldehyde, acetic acid and fuel. The route of exposure is more
More informationIntroduction. Chapter 1. Learning Objectives
Chapter 1 Introduction Learning Objectives To understand the need to interface liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. To understand the requirements of an interface between liquid chromatography
More informationThe Theory of HPLC. Quantitative and Qualitative HPLC
The Theory of HPLC Quantitative and Qualitative HPLC i Wherever you see this symbol, it is important to access the on-line course as there is interactive material that cannot be fully shown in this reference
More informationOPTIMISATION OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION (SPME) CONDITIONS FOR HEADSPACE ANALYSIS OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES IN WHOLE BLOOD
OPTIMISATION OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION (SPME) CONDITIONS FOR HEADSPACE ANALYSIS OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES IN WHOLE BLOOD Kamarruddin ASRI 1, Robert A. ANDERSON 2 1 Department of Chemistry, Jalan
More informationImproved Extraction of THC and its Metabolites from Oral Fluid Using Oasis PRiME HLB Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and a UPLC CORTECS C 18
Using Oasis PRiME HLB Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and a UPLC CORTECS C 18 Column Xin Zhang, Jonathan P. Danaceau, and Erin E. Chambers Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA APPLICATION BENEFITS Semi-validated
More informationHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography
High Performance Liquid Chromatography What is HPLC? It is a separation technique that involves: Injection of small volume of liquid sample Into a tube packed with a tiny particles (stationary phase).
More informationMacrolides in Honey Using Agilent Bond Elut Plexa SPE, Poroshell 120, and LC/MS/MS
Macrolides in Honey Using Agilent Bond Elut Plexa SPE, Poroshell 120, and LC/MS/MS Application Note Food Testing and Agriculture Author Chen-Hao (Andy) Zhai and Rong-jie Fu Agilent Technologies (Shanghai)
More informationFinnigan LCQ Advantage MAX
www.ietltd.com Proudly serving laboratories worldwide since 1979 CALL +847.913.0777 for Refurbished & Certified Lab Equipment Finnigan LCQ Advantage MAX The Finnigan LCQ Advantage MAX ion trap mass spectrometer
More informationA Rapid Approach to the Confirmation of Drug Metabolites in Preclinical and Clinical Bioanalysis Studies
A Rapid Approach to the Confirmation of Drug Metabolites in Preclinical and Clinical Bioanalysis Studies APPLICATION BENEFITS Regulatory guidelines and recommendations place a greater emphasis on the detection
More informationHYDROXYPROLINE IN URINE by UV/VIS Code Z01010
HYDROXYPROLINE IN URINE by UV/VIS Code Z Chemical characteristics Hydroxyproline or (S,R)--Hydroxy-L-pyrrolidine--carboxylic acid, is an aminoacid with an hydroxyl group on the pyrrolidine ring, in position.
More informationTechnical Procedure for Concentration Determination of Methamphetamine in Liquids via HPLC
Technical Procedure for Concentration Determination of 1.0 Purpose This procedure specifies the required elements for the preparation and use of the Agilent 1100/1200 series High Performance Liquid Chromatograph
More informationSupporting Information. Detection and Occurrence of Chlorinated By-products of Bisphenol A, Nonylphenol and
1 2 3 Supporting Information Detection and Occurrence of Chlorinated By-products of Bisphenol A, Nonylphenol and Estrogens in Drinking Water of China: Comparison to the Parent Compounds 4 5 6 7 8 1 Laboratory
More informationHIPPURIC ACID, o-m-p-methylhippuric ACIDS and CREATININE IN URINE by UV CODE Z07510
HIPPURIC ACID, o-m-p-methylhippuric ACIDS and CREATININE IN URINE by UV CODE Z07510 Biochemistry The determination of Hippuric Acid ( HPA ) in urine is important to determine the risk due to the exposition
More informationLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Diclofenac in Human Plasma
LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Diclofenac in Human Plasma J. Jones, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Runcorn, Cheshire, UK Application Note 20569 Key Words SPE, SOLA, Accucore RP-MS, diclofenac, Core
More informationA High Sensitivity Dual Solid Phase Extraction LC-MS/MS Assay for the Determination of the Therapeutic Peptide Desmopressin in Human Plasma
White Paper A High Sensitivity Dual Solid Phase Extraction LC-MS/MS Assay for the Determination of the Therapeutic Peptide Desmopressin in Human Plasma Lars Neudert, MSc, Senior Scientist Method Development
More informationChemistry Instrumental Analysis Lecture 37. Chem 4631
Chemistry 4631 Instrumental Analysis Lecture 37 Most analytes separated by HPLC are thermally stable and non-volatile (liquids) (unlike in GC) so not ionized easily by EI or CI techniques. MS must be at
More informationAppNote 2/2013. A High Throughput Automated Sample Preparation and Analysis Workfl ow for Comprehensive Toxicology Urine Screenings using LC/MS/MS
AppNote 2/2013 A High Throughput Automated Sample Preparation and Analysis Workfl ow for Comprehensive Toxicology Urine Screenings using LC/MS/MS Oscar G. Cabrices Gerstel, Inc., 701 Digital Dr. Suite
More informationCHAPTER 1 Role of Bioanalytical Methods in Drug Discovery and Development
UMMERY The need to develop new analytical methods for assurance of quality, safety and efficacy of drugs and pharmaceuticals is quite important because of their use not only as health care products but
More informationThe Quantitation and Identification of Coccidiostats in Food by LC-MS/MS using the AB SCIEX 4000 Q TRAP System
The Quantitation and Identification of Coccidiostats in Food by LC-MS/MS using the AB SCIEX 4000 Q TRAP System Bertram ieland 1 and Stephen Lock 2 1 AB SCIEX ieuwerkerk aan den Ijssel, The etherlands;
More informationQuantification of growth promoters olaquindox and carbadox in animal feedstuff with the Agilent 1260 Infinity Binary LC system with UV detection
Quantification of growth promoters olaquindox and carbadox in animal feedstuff with the Agilent 126 Infinity Binary LC system with UV detection Application Note Food Author Srividya Kailasam Agilent Technologies,
More informationTechnical Procedure for Blood Cannabinoid Liquid-Liquid Extraction (BCLLE) for Analysis by LC-MS/MS
Technical Procedure for Blood Cannabinoid Liquid-Liquid Extraction (BCLLE) for Analysis by LC-MS/MS 1.0 Purpose - This procedure specifies the required elements for the extraction and quantitation of THC,
More informationSpeciation of Bromine Compounds in Ozonated Drinking Water using Ion Chromatography and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
APPLICATION NOTE Speciation of Bromine Compounds in Ozonated Drinking Water using Ion Chromatography and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry AN43227 Antonella Guzzonato 1, Shona McSheehy Ducos
More informationUltrafast Analysis of Methadone and Metabolite EDDP in Urine by the Agilent RapidFire High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry System
Ultrafast Analysis of and Metabolite in Urine by the Agilent RapidFire High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry System Application Note Forensic Toxicology Authors Mohamed Youssef and Vaughn P. Miller Agilent
More informationIntroduction to Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis
Introduction to Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis Hansen, Steen ISBN-13: 9780470661222 Table of Contents Preface xv 1 Introduction to Pharmaceutical Analysis 1 1.1 Applications and Definitions 1 1.2 The
More informationQuantitative Analysis of Opioids Using a Triple-Quadrupole GC/MS/MS
PO-CON1408E Quantitative Analysis of Opioids Using a Pittcon 2014 1090-8P Laura Chambers, Richard Whitney, Ph.D., Nicole M. Lock, Zhuangzhi Max Wang, Ph.D., Clifford M. Taylor; Shimadzu Scientific Instruments,
More informationDefinitive EtG/EtS LC-MS/MS Analysis:
Definitive / LC- Analysis: A Rugged 4-Min Method for High-Throughput Labs By Justin Steimling and Frances Carroll Abstract Methods for monitoring alcohol consumption biomarkers and are generally limited
More information