ADDITIVES. HIGH SOLIDS AND WATER- BORNE COATINGS Werner J. Blank Rudy Berndlmaier & Dan Miller King Industries Inc.
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1 You are now at HOME NEWS PUBLICATIONS LECTURES PATENTS DOWNLOADS ADDITIVES FOR HIGH SOLIDS AND WATER- BORNE COATINGS Werner J. Blank Rudy Berndlmaier & Dan Miller King Industries Inc.
2 OUTLINE FUNCTION OF ADDITIVES TYPE OF ADDITIVES CHEMICAL COMPOSITION FORMULATION STRATEGIES INTERACTION RESIN-ADDITIVES
3 PIGMENT- POLYMER POLYMER- AIR POLYMER- POLYMER POLYMER- METAL SURFACE COATING INTERFACES
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5 ADDITIVE SELECTION FOR A BLACK BOX
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8 DIFFERENCE REGULAR-HS HS-WATER REGULAR HIGH SOLIDS WATER MW VISCOSITY 100 P, ºC OH # COOH # <10 < SOLUBILITY PARAMETER p LOW MEDIUM HIGH
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10 COATING FORMULATION PAINT PREPARATION APPLICATION FILM FORMATION PERFORMANCE MECHANICAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESIN CROSSLINKER PIGMENT SOLVENTS ADDITIVES
11 Grinding Paste Antisettling agents Binders Corrosion inhibitors Defoamer Extenders, flatting agents Lubricants, wax Pigments & colorants Solvents Stabilizers Thickeners PAINT PREPARATION Binders Let Down Catalysts and driers Coalescing agents Coupling agents Crosslinking agents Flow control agents Plasticizers Solvents Tints UV absorbers & stabilizer
12 GRIND FORMULATION Additives Function Chemical Composition Deaerators Removes air mineral oil, silicones Defoamers entrapped during waxes, silica Antifoams pigment dispersion and fatty acids Dispersants Lowers surface Nonionic, anionic tension surfactant Emulsifiers adsorbs on pigment block polymer Surfactants steric stabilization polycarboxylate Stabilizers ph control Amines, base
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17 Application Requirement Solution Application method Environmental Stability requirement Humidity Substrate Contamination Cure profile Rheology control Low VOC, toxicity Depending on enduse Control required Low surface tension additives to improve Catalysis
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19 SAG TEST SL2100
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21 RHEOLOGY MODIFIER! ATTAPULGITE! SMECTITE! ASSOCIATIVE! SILICA! TITANATE! POLYESTER! POLYACRYLATE! POLYOLEFIN! ORGANO CLAY! ORGANO SULFONATE! POLYAMIDE! CASTOR DERIVATIVE! POLYUREA! CATIONIC OLIGOMER
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23 ASSOCIATIVE THICKENER
24 VISCOSITY -- POISE VISCOSITY -- LOW SHEAR RANGE LATEX MAINTENACE STORMER KU SHEAR RATE -- LOG(1/s) HEUR HMHEC Alkali Swellable SL2098
25 FILM FORMATION PROBLEMS & REMEDIES Atmosphere, dry, moist, gas heated Coalescence Flash off time, blistering Film thickness Flow and leveling Humidity control, catalysis Controlled of Tg Release of solvent Reaction products Surface tension Cure profile
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28 SURFACE TENSION WATER SOLVENT METHANOL PROPANOL
29 FOAM
30 FOAM-SURFACE TENSION, VISCOSITY
31 DE-FOAMER
32 CRAWLING
33 WETTING
34 DEWETTING
35 TELEGRAPHING
36 FAT EDGE
37 SOLVENT POP
38 FILM PROPERTIES PROPERTY Appearance Gloss Hiding power, Color Hardness/Flexibility Mar-abrasion abrasion resistance Environmental resistance INFLUENCED BY Pigment dispersion. Surface smoothness Polymer & crosslinker degree of cure Elasticity, slip Adhesion, PVC
39 ADDITIVES to IMPROVE FILM PROPERTIES Hardness Flexibility Impact resistance Coefficient of friction Mar & abrasion resistance Resin & Crosslinker Catalyst, stabilizer Polymer modifier Adhesion promoter
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42 FLOW AND LEVELING
43 ORANGE PEEL
44 CRATERS
45 FISH EYE
46 BERNARD CELL
47 ADDITIVES to IMPROVE FILM PROPERTIES Environmental resistance Salt spray Humidity Exterior durability, Acid etch resistance Resin & Crosslinker Corrosion inhibitor Catalyst UV absorber Additives
48 ADDITIVES to IMPROVE FILM PROPERTIES Hardness Flexibility Impact resistance Coefficient of friction Mar & abrasion resistance Resin & Crosslinker Catalyst, stabilizer Polymer modifier Adhesion promoter
49 SURFACES ARE DIFFERENT
50 INTERFACE METAL-POLYMER
51 INTERFACIAL ADHESION WEAK BOUNDARY LAYERS
52 INTERCOAT ADHESION TPO-PE PE
53 CORROSION PE/HMMM
54 CRATER-FISH EYE
55 DISPERSANTS EFFECT ON ADHESION RSO 3 Me NO DISP. RCOOA
56 PERFORMANCE PROFILE FOR Property A CATALYST Ideal behavior Potlife Reactivity Chemical resistance Exterior durability Color Pigment interaction Compatibility No effect Highly catalytic Excellent No effect No discoloration No absorption Wide compatability
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60 PERFORMANCE PROFILE REACTIVE DILUENT Property Molecular weight Functionality Type of functional group Viscosity, (100 %), cps Desired Range , narrow MW dist. 2-3 OH, COOH, epoxy
61 MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION
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63 RESIN - CROSSLINKER VISCOSITY/SOLIDS FUNCTIONAL GROUPS HYDROXYL, CARBOXYL FUNCTIONALITY MOLECULAR WEIGHT / DISTRIBUTION SOLUBILITY PARAMETER (HANSEN) COMPATIBILITY PERFORMANCE PROFILE
64 PIGMENTS &FILLER SURFACE AREA OIL ABSORPTION PARTICLE SIZE / DISTRIBUTION ph IN WATER SOLUBLE CONTENT /COMPOSITION DENSITY SURFACE TREATMENT
65 SOLVENT BOILING POINT SOLUBILITY PARAMETER (HANSEN) VISCOSITY SURFACE TENSION / WATER SOLUTIONS AZEOTROP WATER SOLUBILITY TOXICITY BIODEGRADATION EVAPORATION RATE
66 ADDITIVE CHEMISTRY FUNCTIONAL GROUPS MOLECULAR WEIGHT SOLUBILITY PARAMETER SURFACE TENSION MODE OF ACTION POTENTIAL SIDE REACTIONS RELATIVE PERFORMANCE TO OTHER ADDITIVES
67 RECOMMENDATIONS "KEEP KEEP IT SIMPLE "USE USE ADDITIVES ONLY IF NECESSARY "A A SIMPLE FORMULATION IS EASIER TO TROUBLESHOOT "ADDITIVES SOLVE AND CREATE PROBLEMS "TRY TRY TO UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM "KNOW KNOW ALL THE COMPONENTS "KNOW KNOW THE PHONE NUMBER OF YOUR ADDITIVE SUPPLIER
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