Physical Laws, Absolutes, Relative Absolutes and Relativistic Time Phenomena

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1 Page 1 of 10 Physial Laws, Absolutes, Relative Absolutes and Relativisti Time Phenomena Antonio Ruggeri modexp@iafria.om Sine in the field of knowledge we deal with absolutes, there are absolute laws that ontain the truth. A test of their verity is that they not only give true results but permit us to advane. These laws, then, are the foundation at the base of advanes and annot be put aside. One aepted for what they are, they must beome an integral part of our new knowledge. As time passes, they an be expanded or reinterpreted, but never denied. In other words, the previously disovered true knowledge beomes part of a new view and without fail, stands the test of ritiism. In the searh for a desription of reality in the physial universe, the following ahievements stand firm in the field of knowledge: The law of onservation, requiring the onept of substane: the laws of gravity requiring presene of a medium (the Ether), between physial masses: Pythagoras' theorem: the Eulidean definition of spae: the use of mathematis (numbers, algebra, alulus): all of them representing the neessary steps leading to true knowledge. These laws together with physial onepts and syntheses, lay the groundwork. They are the tools needed to add many other laws and onepts neessarily assoiated with our searh. I find it onvenient to restrit the mention of the results of further advanes to the Cartesian effort leading to the representation of universal reality in three dimensions, to Galileo s graphis extended by Lorentz in order to take into onsideration the speed of a signal when the objets observed are at a great distane from one another. Also to Newton s ULG, to Einstein s Law of equivalene and to the efforts he direted to improve on Lorentz's representation, to the Doppler Effet, to the ongoing efforts intended to determine the struture of the atoms, the presene of the open yle of transformations-degradations based on the existene of the Ether, the onservation of mass and of its spin harateristi and the existene of phenomena of transformation-degradation generated by the gravitational phenomenon produing what is alled the gravitational relations between masses, the presene of unstoppable ylial vibrations inside the mass (also of gravitational harater) assoiated with temporal effets and many other phenomena related to the transformations-degradations and the time involved in their deployment in the presene of different amounts of inertial mass (purely assoiated to values of relative veloities between objets or in relation to an assumed absolute value).

2 Page of 10 From the searh for the desription of universal reality omes the realization that we have to give a true definition for the time phenomenon inside a physial objet made of solid (tangible) mass, assoiated with the presene inside it, of various amounts of inertial mass in various physial irumstanes (to whih invariably orresponds to the presene of veloity) and to the measurements of the geometri nature at the astronomi level of observation, made at intervals of absolute time and spae running at known speed. This searh produes the realization that movements and vibrations, of unstoppable nature are generated by internal transformations-degradations happening at the atomi or marosopi level of the substane onstituting the mass, into different states of existene. To these states, we have to disern the true properties of that whih they are endowed and how this enable them to influene natural physial phenomena. These properties must then be based on interrelations between the solid masses, whose presene permeates the universe and the ether surrounding it. We reah the point where we postulate that the ether or energized spae fabri (ESF) is at the beginning, absorbed and transformed into a part of the mass that we all gravitational mass and at the end of the open yle of transformation-degradation, having gone through a onatenation of ause, whose effets have bearing on the physial reality of the objets belonging to the Universe, mass is dissipated by the solid mass as heat. The nature of physial objets provides us with regular phenomena of different origin, whose representation an be aeded through the expression of onepts in mathematial form. They are alled analogies and parallel phenomena. Here are a few of the many possible examples: Analogy / parallel phenomenon: Speed of sound in a medium of given harateristis, its onnetion with the wavelength of the sound and its frequeny, and the Doppler Effet in regard to the wavelength of the sound signal measured in onditions of relative movement. Speed of light inside the ether, its onnetion with the wavelength of light and its frequeny and DE with regard to the wavelength measured in onditions assumed to be in relative motion. Moons orbiting a large mass as in the ase of Jupiter, allowing Galileo to assume by analogy that the Earth as well, was orbiting what he pereived to be a large mass (the Sun). Degraded gravitational mass binding atoms and moleules and dissipation of it as m-e endowment of spin bound to the mass of the atoms that after transformation-degradation move in a haphazard fashion.

3 Page 3 of 10 Degraded gravitational mass binding neutrons and protons inside the atoms and dissipation of it as pure m-e endowed with spin in the ether/esf. Transformations-degradations taking plae in the Borehole/pendulum phenomenon ativated by gravity Cyle of transformation-degradation also ativated by gravity in the form of ylial vibrations in a mass subjeted to preession and in a large gravitational mass (LGM) subjeted to its own gravity. The hydrauli phenomenon in whih the transformationdegradation of gravitational nature ours, transforming what we all hydrauli load into an equivalent value of kineti energy of the mass affeted. The limit phenomenon in whih m-e endowed spin as heat is depressed times and moves at speed inside the ESF as dissipation. The mathematial relations ruling distribution of water flowing inside networks made of onduits under pressure and the related losses of hydrauli head due to frition are the same as those ruling the distribution of voltages and intensities of eletri urrents subjeting the ables to losses due to Ohm's Law. They desribe phenomena in whih the physial entities take analogous plaes. Presene of Newton s universal Law (ULG) and analogous ULG of Preession, having the same mathematial expression but different physial meanings of the phenomenon, though the onstant remains the same. Field of gravity and field of dissipation having the same mathematial expression but different physial meanings of the onstants and of the phenomenon in general. Et... Further on during this presentation, the onept related to analog/parallel phenomena will be useful when dealing with the inside two different masses endowed of different amounts of inertial omponents. The phenomena based on known physial laws that an be expressed through equal mathematial relations and physial equivalenes, an fill a long list but here I onsider that what has been said is enough to display their invaluable ontribution to the physial sienes.

4 Page 4 of 10 We now investigate with the same analogial proedure, the dynamis of physial objets and their temporal relations to a time phenomenon of referene, (the one of the Observer) leading to the real time representation of the presene in the Universe of the said physial objets. The situation that presently prevails has been introdued by the unanny apaity of a single individual (Prof. A. Einstein ) to produe in the field of knowledge the following delarations without the support of a solid theoreti base: a) one true Law (EM ) that still needs to be truly investigated and whose meaning needs to be extended to the Law of inrease of the inertial mass with the inrease of veloity ( also of his formulation) and to other new onepts suh as the spin harater of the mass-energy, as presented in the new theory that I developed. b) one pratial exerise: the predition of the bending of the diretion of a light signal when tangentially moving, lose to a large gravitational mass. ) Calulations pretending to explain the preessional phenomenon (laking universality) whih give an illusory formula valid only for the planet Merury. d) The unheard of and non-physial assumption that a representation of the physial Universe in real time ould be made using a transformation of metri oordinates from a mathematial system of representation inluding time as a metri oordinate, to another system also inluding time in a way that the hange of representation ould envelop the physial hanges of universal reality, permitting a representation of the universe in real time. Spae-time is undoubtedly an original onept, very appealing to mathematially-versed individuals, but it has a limited plae in physis, where two physial entities, spae and substane ontained in it in partiular onditions permit the general emergene of the time phenomenon on an universal basis. The time phenomenon must nevertheless be restrited to the loal onditions prevailing on the mass in whih it is observed, and time phenomena in a system are an absolute-relative of the system. Therefore if we position ourselves as observers inside a system, we relate the absolute-relative time to us and relate the time inside another system to the differene of inertial mass (presene of relative veloity in the seond system) between the two systems. When the phenomenon an be observed in an analog/parallel manner, we have the ase of relativisti time, but when this is not possible sine the time phenomenon is related to the mass in observation through different riteria or laws like in the ase, (basially geometri,)

5 Page 5 of 10 investigated by Lorentz or the ase of geometri temporal bound to gravity whih is preession, and other ases whose existene here is only mentioned et... Note: In the way it is presented here, only the time phenomenon between two systems made up of masses having inertial mass in different proportions, is an analog/parallel phenomenon. In spae filled with substane, ontinuous natural proesses in the mass that basially are reations at atomi internal level, are expressed through the onept of transformation-degradation of substane, from one ondition to the suessive one, tied through ausal effet. And these transformations-degradations (physial phenomena inside the mass in question) must be present on a way that when we ompare them, they are related through analog/parallel laws whih are immutable. If then, the mass of the system hanges its inertial ontent, all the physial laws are affeted in suh a way that internally all the physial phenomena (inluding the one related to the measurement of the time) remain invariable but adjust themselves to the new situation. The time in the system remains an invariable phenomenon for the observer inside it. (We reah the onlusion that the time is invariable inside a physial mass, no matter the ontents of inertial mass.) This, when two systems are onerned (the one at rest ontaining the observer) permits the omparison of two related time phenomena. The one is related to the observer and the other, relative to the system in motion. The relation between these two measurements of time is alled relativisti and the time measured in the seond system using the lok of the Observer, is alled relativisti time, t R. The basi transformation-degradation related to the time phenomenon is measured through a devie used to produe movement and to report physial information that measures a fixed amount of transformationdegradation. (We all it the time neessary for a fixed amount of transformation-degradation to happen under given physial onditions as measured by a lok). The present situation in physis is a state extreme onfusion due to the aeptane of the spae-time intuition. Given that the assumptions regarding the objets under examination, (i.e. the observer at rest and the objet observed moving relatively towards the observer or away from him, therefore ontaining inertial mass) were the true ones, the representation of objets surrounding the observer, made on a one to one basis, is given by the Lorentz's relations (that an also be desribed with the use of graphs). In suh a representation, the system observed is a sidereal objet moving in the diretion of the observer or away from him, and the distane is expressed as a polar oordinate of length ρ ( always positive ). It needs

6 Page 6 of 10 only the angles θ and ϕ, in order to give a fixed representation in the universal map. Note : if the objet observed is at rest, it is onsidered to be integral part of the system of the observer in whih the speed of light is the onstant,. The Lorentz's relations, aording to Einstein, would redue the length in real time to ρ ρ - vt with regard to an objet observed as ρ t under geometri-astronomial riteria. The moment the signal was emitted, we have the following equivalenes : 1) t t vt giving t /t (-v)/ where aording to him ρ t, ρ t and ' v whih aording to him, an be expressed as ρ / ρ t / t and the position ρ would be unequivoally individuated through the angles θ and ϕ used also for ρ. This was the first attempt to desribe universal reality and we must now analyze its meaning in order to assess if the above interpretation and formulation is true or false. We an already see from the start that I did not refer the time in 1) as relativisti t R but I expressed it as t and I define it here as Lorentz's time and this onept is now identified. First of all, the value of represents an equivalene that in Eulidean spae is related to Pythagoras theorem and we must onlude that 0 < v < we also onlude that there is orrespondene between v and and and that the relation is an equivalene in physis and a mathematial identity in mathematis and as suh, when referred to substane, expresses the priniple of onservation and annot be overlooked in any irumstane: ' + v Its physial meaning is that if we were able to determine an absolute value of v, the veloity of dissipation that is for v0 would beome for v v, but now, 1) gives : ) t vt + t sine t ρ is known and vt is the distane overed during the time t by the mass under observation (and represents a geometri statement

7 Page 7 of 10 whih is dependent on the value v that has to be evaluated through observation of the light signal), Tthe balane of the distane : ρ ρ - vt t is bound to a value of time t, Lorentz time, at the lok of the observer and is related to the transmission of a signal whih as onsequene of the Doppler Effet, is under ompression if the objet observed goes towards the observer (and under expansion in the opposite ase). I give here the solution of the value of v, related to the theory of the Ether/ESF and to the desription of the arhiteture of the atom in the ontext of the Doppler Effet (DE): ρ λ n ρ λ n in the same ontext using the ) the relative veloity is: 3) v ( 1 - λ / λ ) if the movement is towards the Observer and v (λ / λ -1 ) in the opposite ase, we have then that ) beomes : ρ t ( λ / λ ) t t λ / λ 't' t λ' λ ρ' ρ now this relation that has been obtained through respet of true laws and must be true. Therefore, the assumption in 1) ρ t is false. whereas: t' t v ' ρ' ρ 't' t v But now t represents the time (read at the lok of the observer) neessary to over the distane ρ at the value of dissipation oming out of the objet observed. In any ase, we do not need to be brought into error sine t an only be read at the lok of the observer (we annot read simultaneously a lok in S but even if we managed to read it through experiments prepared ad ho, the lok in S would be a relativisti lok and of no use). Now onsidering that the whole distane ρ t is also: t' λ' λ ρ where f (,λ,λ ) ' this amount of time is not the relativisti time as one would like to believe, but still is a very important time value on our quest to ahieve the representation of universal reality. It is what I alled Lorentz's time. Although it depends on the same energeti harateristi of the signal

8 Page 8 of 10 permitting us determine relativisti time (provided we, the observers, are at rest), it represents the time on our lok that a signal travelling at veloity from system S takes to reah its real time position in the universe in the present. It is deduted from information reeived whih was sent to us a time t in the past from objet S (at rest with respet to us) situated at known distane, emitted at a value of dissipation, (S belonging to our system and not to S ) and from information related to the atoms in the mass of S, permits us to evaluate the values λ and λ. Now that we know the position of the objet S under observation we need to know how the time phenomenon runs inside it. This is the true relativisti phenomenon whih interests us and will permit us to make further advanes in the representation of reality. The physial phenomena, in O from whih we observe, and the ones in system S, are not synhronous (they represent an analog/parallel). Sine we assumed that our system O is at rest or near rest and system S is moving at relative veloity v with respet to us, the mass in S possesses an amount of inertial mass M to whih orresponds the veloity v with respet to us in O, and whih is responsible for the time retardation relative to O. The presene of a M inertial in S orresponds to a measure of m-e endowment of spin that in the physial world is measured by the effets on the mass (the veloity v in this ase) and from it we determine the kineti value of the m-e assoiated with movement : M 1 Mv [ kj] This, in non relativisti onditions. The mass M under observation is made up of a portion, M 0 gravitational-inertial and a portion M only inertial (as desribed) and will result in : From whih : (M M inertial ( v ) M M 0 1 M ) [ kj] 0 Mv v M0 M (1 ) That is an approximation of the expression :

9 Page 9 of 10 ' M0 M M0 M ' An equivalene (whih is also an analog/parallel physial phenomenon) representing that for v the spin harateristi of the mass due to the inrease of inertial mass, gradually loses its apaity to interat with the ESF (sine is dissipation ). After transformation-degradation of the gravitational harateristi, the inrease of inertial mass is retarding the temporal phenomena and has a bearing only on the mass in motion relative to the one at absolute rest. Therefore, we an safely say that the relativisti time in respet to M 0 is bound to, the relativisti veloity of light in system M endowed with inertial mass (whih is also a value of dissipation from System M dereasing with the inrease inside M of the amount of inertial mass M): M0 M ' t t R If we were able to determine the absolute value of v we would have the absolute measure of relativisti time through the knowledge of the value v, but our limited knowledge of motion of the observer in O gives us an absolute but loal value of. Therefore, the relativisti time in S is with respet to the time in O : t R t' Where the value v inside is obtained through the 3). We do not have aess to the Loal Clok in S but we still an alulate the time phenomenon. At this point we an say that we made a further step towards representation of universal reality sine (through Lorentz) we knew the position of the objet and now having determined the (analog/parallel) relativisti phenomenon of the time in S we know what is going on inside it with respet to our lok. This depends on the fat that we possess the temporal formulation of relativisti time in the funtion of observable physial values in our system and we an relate it to the measurements of our absolute-relative lok (the lok in our system that depends from a phenomenon in whih we an assume v0). A lot an be added to these initial intuitions that I am trying to ommuniate but in onlusion, we have pointed out two relativisti phenomena giving us aess to our goal; Lorentz's time and relativisti time. To measure their effets, we needed the use of a devie, our loal lok, tuned to a physial phenomenon (that an be gravity) in our

10 Page 10 of 10 system of observation (O that we assumed near rest). Sine we do not know for ertain if our system is in a perfet state of rest (and we also know that this is not the ase), we say that although we an measure absolutes, they are relative to our system, as is time: an absolute measure relative to our system. For the time being, one phenomenon has been set aside sine it depends on gravity. We investigated the ase between two objets in absene of a gravitational relation between them. It is a preessional phenomenon and is bound to a geometri temporal effet tied to ontinuous transformation-degradation internal to a mass in orbit. It is also of a relativisti nature and it will be investigated in due ourse, under General Relativity. The study of preession brought on the observation that not only is it an universal phenomenon, but a similar phenomenon is present in Large Gravitational Masses and its effet brought me to formulate the amounts of transformation-degradation from internal gravitational mass into heat, and the amounts of its dissipation into the surroundings at veloity. Finally, sine in these presentations the objets observed were onsidered point-like, another neessity arose and Pr. A.E. made an attempt to use tensoral alulus, a property of the elastiity theory to omplete his presentation of universal reality. The solutions related to problems of elastiity had been investigated on Earth, in the three dimensional ontinuum and in most ases they require extremely small deformations that makes unlikely to apply to a theory onsidering extremes of veloities. In the theory of elastiity, time omes rarely into onsideration and phenomena are observed in onditions of simultaneity. What ould be hanging inside a system in movement is that when it reahes high veloities, the presene of inertial mass pervading the atoms and the bonds between atoms an indue alterations of physial effets. At present, I have no knowledge of these alterations.