MATH 5400, History of Mathematics
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1 MATH 5400, History of Mathematics Lecture 10: 1900 Professor: Peter Gibson February 16, 2017
2 In 1896 two mathematicians, working independently, proved the prime number theorem. This relied on recent developments in the theory of functions of a complex variable, in particular on results due to Weierstrass. P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
3 Jacques Hadamard ( ) Professor at Collège de France P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
4 Charles Jean de la Valle-Poussin ( ) Professor at Catholic University of Leuven P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
5 The end of the 19th century also saw developments in differential geometry, building on, refining and expanding the ideas of Riemann. Just as Maxwell s results rested on the notions and results in vector calculus due to Gauss and others applied to electric and magnetic vector fields, new developments in physics near the turn of the century made essential use of recent ideas in geometry. P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
6 Tullio Levi-Civita ( ) Professor at University of Rome P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
7 Hermann Minkowskii ( ) Professor at ETH Zürich P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
8 Minkowski 1872 (aged 8) moved to Königsberg from Russian kingdom 1883 prize of the French Academy of Sciences friendship with David Hilbert, Adoph Hurwitz 1885 doctorate under Ferdinand von Lindemann appointments at Bonn, Königsberg, Zürich, Göttingen geometry of numbers Minkowski space time P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
9 Hadamard List of things named after Jacques Hadamard - Wikipedia List of things named after Jacques Hadamard From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia These are things named after Jacques Hadamard ( ), a French mathematician. (For references, see the respective articles.) Cartan Hadamard theorem Cauchy Hadamard theorem Hadamard product: entry-wise matrix multiplication an infinite product expansion for the Riemann zeta function Hadamard code Hadamard's dynamical system Hadamard's inequality Hadamard's method of descent Hadamard finite part integral Hadamard's lemma Hadamard manifold Hadamard matrix Hadamard's maximal determinant problem Hadamard space Hadamard three-circle theorem Hadamard Transform and Hadamard gate Hadamard Rybczynski equation Ostrowski Hadamard gap theorem Retrieved from " /w/index.php?title=list_of_things_named_after_jacques_hadamard&oldid= " P. Gibson (YorkU) Categories: Lists of things named after mathematicians Math / 20
10 Henri Poincaré ( ) Professor at the Sorbonne P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
11 Born in 1854 in Nancy, to a prominent family Top prizes in the concours général Graduated from the Ecole Polytechnique, then the Ecole des Mines and worked as a mining engineer 1879 doctorate in mathematics from University of Paris under Charles Hérmite 1881 Professor at the Sorbonne (University of Paris) worked in many different areas, including on the three body problem pioneering work in geometry and topology carried out early work on relativity was active in philosophy, and wrote several widely-read popular works P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
12 David Hilbert ( ) Professor at Göttingen P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
13 Hilbert 1885 doctorate under Ferdinand von Lindemann lecturer at Königsberg 1895 professor at Göttingen 1900 Paris address 1910 Bolyai prize pre-eminent mathematician of his day P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
14 Hilbert and Poincaré were the leading mathematicians of One sometimes reads of rivalry and dispute between them this tends to be overstated. Hilbert contributed to many fields, including mathematical physics his ideas on the foundations of mathematics are sometimes emphasized at the expense of his many other fundamental contributions. Poincaré s rejection of Cantor s ideas have not been born out by history. P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
15 The Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey (established 1930) P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
16 Albert Einstein ( ) Professor at Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
17 P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
18 According to Einstein, the theory of relativity relies on the work of: Bernhard Riemann ( ) Hermann Minkowski Tullio Levi-civita Hermann Weyl P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
19 Hermann Weyl ( ) Professor at Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
20 To a certain extent, Hermann Weyl brought Hilbert s legacy and tradition to the US. P. Gibson (YorkU) Math / 20
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